Transcript
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Offshore Wind
Geoff Sharples
geoff@clearpathenergyllc.com
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Frequently Unanswered Questions
Why dont they build more offshore wind?
Why not make the blades bigger?
How big will turbines get?
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Offshore Resource is Good
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Current commercial turbines stand in less
than 30m of water huddled at 20x20
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Wind ventures further offshore
Source: EWEA Oceans of Opportunity 2009
Confidential
Interactive map at http://www.4coffshore.com/offshorewind/
To a shore based observer a 90m nacelle is below the horizon at 35 km
To a shore based observer a wind farm appears as white stripe at 20km
http://www.4coffshore.com/offshorewind/http://www.4coffshore.com/offshorewind/http://www.4coffshore.com/offshorewind/http://www.4coffshore.com/offshorewind/8/12/2019 Offshore Wind ppt
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Power Prices Higher in Coastal States
Cape Wind PPA at 18 c/kWh
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The cycle of non-innovation
Offshore
turbines
today :
Modified
onshoreturbines
Confined
to
shallow
water
Incumbents:
understand the
technical issues
Have a vested
interest in existing
supply chains and
facilities.
Incumbents fund
evolutionary design
Developer
tech risk
averseUtilities
are risk
averse
Human
customers
demand
cheap
reliable
power
Offshore
wind:
Close to
load
Far from
view
Large
Resource
but
Entrepreneurs
cant fund
revolutionary
prototypes
Because
Project
Financiers
are risk
averse
Capital intensity curtails innovation
BecauseBecause
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Cost of energy
COE = (DR+IWF) x ICC + LRC + O&M
AEPnet
Where: COE = LevelizedCost of Energy ($/kWh) (constant dollars)
DR = Discount Rate (1/yr) = RISK Large ImpactIWF = Insurance, Warranty and Fees (1/yr)
ICC = Initial Installed Capital Cost ($) = TURCC+ BOSCC
TURCC = Turbine Capital Cost ($) SomeImpact
BOSCC= Balance of System Capital Cost ($) Small?Impact
LRC = LevelizedReplacement/Overhaul Cost ($/yr) Med ImpactO&M = LevelizedO&M Cost ($/yr) Med Impact
AEPnet =Net Annual Energy Production (kWh/yr) LargeImpact
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Physical Constraints
Swept Area R^2
U = wind speedair density
Mechanical conversion efficiency
Rotor Power Coefficient
conversion wind to mechanical
(subject to Betz limit)
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Design Objectives
Reduce Risk
Increase energy capture
Get to better resource Reduce operations cost
Increase turbine capacity
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Design Areas
Blades
Towers
Generators
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Rethink old ideas
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Transitional Technology Status Quo
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Floating Structures Status Quo
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Frequently Unanswered Questions
Why dont they build more offshore wind?
Why not make the blades bigger?
How big will turbines get?
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FIN
Thank You
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