NR 322: Quick History of GIS Jim Graham Fall 2008.
Post on 16-Jan-2016
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Where does it start?
• When was the first time someone scratched a map in the sand?
• Carved the number of fruit trees on their land onto a plank of wood?
Town Plan from Catal Hyük (6200 B.C.)
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.missbarbara.net/carto.gif&imgrefurl=http://missbarbara.net/&h=160&w=155&sz=28&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=KvjKVX9L0flPHM:&tbnh=98&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dancient%2Bmaps%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den
Stonehenge (3000BC)
First World Map: 500 BCE
• Neo-Babylonian (Persian Period)
• Copy of an original dating to the Sargonid Period, circa late eighth or seventh century BCE
Interpretation
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/103.html
Henry The Navigator
• Portuguese prince
• Born: 1394
• 1498 Vasco de Gama sailed from Portugal to India
Cantino world map (1502)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_world_maps
First Map of 4 Known Continents
Sebastian Munster 1544
Medieval map of the Black Sea
Position• Sun, Moon, and Stars?• Sun, Moon, Stars and
Stexant -> Latitude• Sun, Moon, Stars,
Stextant, and Chronometer -> Latitude and Longitude
• GPS
Direction
• Sun, moon, and stars• Compass• GPS (as long as you are moving!)
Recent Past
• Surveying with glass optics and “chains”– USGS Topographic Maps
• Charts and Sextants• Compasses• Street Maps
Current GIS
• Computers with GIS Software (ArcGIS)
• Aerial & Satellite photography
• Laser surveys• LandSat Satellite
Images• GPS Satellite
Network
Martin Behaim globe (1492)
Fra Mauro world map (1459)
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