New Grid Architectures: Centralised v Decentralised Systems

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New Architectures: Centralised vs Decentralised Systems

Euan Davidson

edavidson@smartergridsolutions.com

ACUMEN 2014, Belfast, 3rd March 2014

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© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.

From the Smart GridArchitecture Model…

Generation

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Storage

DER

DER

DER

NewLoads

Comms

VPP

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Centralised vs Decentralised Systems

What functionality is required?&

Where should it reside?

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Challenges:

• Brown Field Site

• Networks aren’t all the same

• A new pace of change

• Uncertainty and need for flexibility

• The requirement for repeatable ‘standard’ solutions

• … and a way of integrating those solutions

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Researchon

Architectures

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Active NetworkManagement

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Commitment to a particular technology/technique:

Commitment to an architectural philosophy:

From the ground up….

Start with the power systems problem…

e.g. Peer-to-Peer or Nearest Neighbour Communications…Hub and spoke… Cell Concept

e.g. Multi-agent Systems…

Control problems cast as optimisation…

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AuRA-NMS

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`

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AcceleratingRenewableConnections

www.arc-project.com

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ANM-enabledGrid Supply Point

ANM-enabledGrid Supply Point

ANM-enabledGrid Supply Point

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Circuit Rating:

Summer: 90MVA

Spring/Autumn: 100MVA

Winter: 110MVA

Wind Farm A

48 MW

132/33kV

60MVA

GSP

Wind Farm B

62.5 MW

132/33kV

60MVA

Max Demand: 36.5MW

Min Demand: ~10MW

Overload

Tripping

Scheme

Circuit Rating:

Summer: 90MVA

Spring/Autumn: 100MVA

Winter: 110MVA

New EFW

27.5MW

Export Capacity Exceeded during low demand/max output

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Reinforcement Options

Circuit Rating:

Summer: 90MVA

Spring/Autumn: 100MVA

Winter: 110MVA

Wind Farm A

48 MW

132/33kV

90MVA

GSP

Wind Farm B

62.5 MW

132/33kV

90MVA

Max Demand: 36.5MW

Min Demand: ~10MW

Overload

Tripping

Scheme

Circuit Rating:

Summer: 90MVA

Spring/Autumn: 100MVA

Winter: 110MVA

New EFW

27.5MW

Transformer Replacement

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Reinforcement Options

Circuit Rating:

Summer: 160MVA

132/33kV

60MVA

GSP A Board

Wind Farm B

62.5 MW

132/33kV

60MVA

50% Existing Demand

Circuit Rating:

Summer: 160MVA

Wind Farm A

48MW

New EFW

27.5MW50% Existing Demand

GSP B Board

132/33kV

90MVA

Additional Transformers+

Reinforcement of 132kV

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Circuit Rating:

Summer: 90MVA

Spring/Autumn: 100MVA

Winter: 110MVA

Wind Farm A

48 MW

132/33kV

60MVA

GSP

Wind Farm B

62.5 MW

132/33kV

60MVA

Max Demand: 36.5MW

Min Demand: ~10MW

Overload

Tripping

Scheme

Circuit Rating:

Summer: 90MVA

Spring/Autumn: 100MVA

Winter: 110MVA

New EFW

27.5MW

Existing Comms

DNP3

DNP3

DNP3/ICCP

ANM Alternative

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© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.

© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.

Stakeholders in ARC

DNO

Developer Community Developer

Community Load

SO TNO

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To sum up…

Demonstration activities around the world are providing us with a ‘proven’ set of tools/techniques/systems/commercial arrangements.

The next challenge is defining the architectures that bring these tools/techniques/systems/commercial arrangements together

There is a growing base of ideas on technical and commercial architectures.

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