Transcript
8/3/2019 New Concept of Pharmacy Practice
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Qais Alefan
R.Ph, B.Pharm, M.Pharm, PhD
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The number of medicines on the market has increaseddramatically over the last few decades (quality & rationaluse?)
Efforts to provide health care, including pharmaceutical
care, are facing new challenges:
Rising costs of health care Limited financial resources A shortage of human resources in the health care sector Inefficient health systems
The huge burden of disease The changing social Technological, economic & political environment Globalization has led to new complexities due to increased travel
& migration
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Access to medicines of assured quality is a majorconcern
One third of the worlds population do not yet haveregular access to essential medicines
The affordability of medicines is a major constraint
The economic burden falls most heavily on the poor
Moreover, in many developing countries 10%-20% ofsampled medicines fail quality control tests
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Patients
receive
medications
Appropriate to
their clinical
needs
In doses that
meet their own
individual
requirements
For an
adequate
period of time
At the lowest
cost
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More than half of all prescriptions areincorrect
More than half of the patients fail to take
their medications correctly
There is growing concern at the increase inthe global spread of antimicrobial resistance
These challenges underscore the urgency ofthe need for global health sector reform
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Public health
interventions
Pharmaceutical
care
Effective
medicines supply
management
Rationalmedicine use
An accessible, sustainable,
affordable & equitable
health care system which
ensures the efficacy, safety
& quality of medicines
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Pharmacist
improvetherapeutic
outcomes &
patients quality
of life
managing drug
therapy &
concurrent non-
prescription or
alternative
therapies
communicate the
correct information
to patients are as
important as
providing the
medicine itself
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Patient-centred
care
Counselling
Providing druginfo
Monitoring drug
therapy
Medicines supply
management
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Pharmaceutical care Evidence-based pharmacy
Meeting patients needs
Chronic patient care-HIV/AIDS Self-medication
Quality assurance of pharmaceutical careservices
Clinical pharmacy Pharmacovigilance
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Pharmaceutical care is a revolutionary concept in thepractice of pharmacy
It includes emotional commitment to the welfare ofpatients as individuals who require & deserve
pharmacists compassion, concern & trust
However, pharmacists often fail to acceptresponsibility for this extent of care. As a result, theymay not adequately document, monitor & review the
care given
Accepting such responsibility is essential to thepractice of pharmaceutical care
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Pharmaceutical
care
Population-based
pharmaceutical
care
Individualpharmaceutical
care
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Population-based pharmaceutical
careestablish formularies
or medicine lists
develop & monitor pharmacy
policies
develop & manage pharmacy
networksprepare & analyse reports of drug
utilization/costs
conduct DURs
educate providers on medicine policies &
procedures
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Individualpharmaceutical
care
manage drug
therapy
monitor
medicine-related
illness effectively
individual drugtherapy decisions
reaching
concordance
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In an increasingly complex health careenvironment, it has become difficult tocompare the effectiveness of differenttreatments
Health care interventions can no longer bebased on opinion or individual experiencealone
Scientific evidence, built up from good qualityresearch, is used as a guide, & adapted toeach individual patients circumstances
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Pharmacist
Informed patientsCounseling
Reduce DRPs
Reduce wastage
Improve adherence
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Pharmacists help in HIV/AIDS prevention
Treatment &
prevention
services
Adherence to
chronic HIV/AIDS
treatment
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Advise both on the choice of medicines andtheir safe and effective use
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Structure
individual patient
care in a practice
setting
institutional
patient care
Process
provision of drug
therapy
counselling
monitoring of
treatment
provision of drug
information or
education
Outcome
improved or
maintained
quality oflife
Donabediandefined the three elements of quality assurance inhealth care as structure process & outcome
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Describe the work of pharmacists whoseprimary job is to interact with the health careteam, interview & assess patients, makespecific therapeutic recommendations,
monitor patient responses to drug therapy &provide medicines information
Clinical pharmacists work primarily ininpatient settings & hospitals
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Pharmacovigilance is a structured process forthe monitoring & detection of ADRs in a givencontext
Pharmacists have an important contributionto make to post-marketing surveillance &pharmacovigilance
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