Transcript
Exploitation & Job Insecurity
Miserable Working Conditions
No Retirement Benefits No Retirement Benefits
Organising the unorganised: A cooperative strategy for organizing informal sector workers to prevent vulnerability.
Team details: Pankaj Kumar Singh
Pawan Bankoti
Prashant Bhatt
Shashank Shubhranshu
Vishal Srivastav
Report of Ministry of Statistical and Programme Implementation, 2012, says morethan 90% of India’s workforce belongs to the informal sector and accounts for 50% ofthe national product. 99.9% workers in the agriculture and forestry sectors areunorganized. 98% of unorganized industrial labour does not have any social security.protection.
India is home to one of the largest numbers of informal workers, there is an urgent need for policy initiatives which will provide them with basic security benefits.
low incomes
poor quality of tools and raw materials
lack of collective organization
lack of a voice in policy -making/politics
PROBLEMS CONSTRAINTS
lack of job security
absence of retirement benefits
lack of legal protection
unsafe conditions leading to ill health
making/politics
lack of access to national social security schemes
lack of access to capital
lack of information and advice on rights and opportunities
A union -cooperative strategy for organizing informal sector workers.Proposed Framework
UNION-COOPERATIVE
• interface between employers and workers
• delivery agencies for more comprehensive state-sponsored schemes
• voice of workers in policy - making/politics
• comprises of many SHG’s and independent workers
• government recognised body
SHG’s
• building block of cooperative structure
• attends to daily affairs of the workers
• encourages entrepreneurship & provides micro-finance
WORKERS
• active member of union/SHG or both
• Register themselves in union-cooperative
UNION COOPERATIVE
NGO’s volunteers
SHG’s Workers
Of the workers
For the workers
By the workers
NGO’s
• Composed of volunteers
• Trained college students
• Retired professionals
• Employees of NGO
SHG’s
• At least 20 members mandatory for SHG to be recognised
• Around 8-10 SHG’s in a district
Union Cooperative
• Two-member body
• Constitutes of one elected representative of workers
• And one Bureaucrat.
Net
Fu
nd
ing
Organizational cost
Chief of Union Cooperative & bureaucrat. (₹240k + ₹420k p.a.)
Each SHG representative paid ₹36k p.a.
Net
Fu
nd
ing
NGO’S ₹1000k p.a.
Safety Equipment's and Kits
Tools and equipment ₹5000k p.a. for 100
districts
• UID based registration of workers
• Maintains database of workers(job history, personal details etc..)
• Serves as placement agencies: interact between employers and informal workers
• Receives welfare funds directly from government
• Serves as delivery agencies for more
Organise
• Serves as delivery agencies for more comprehensive state-sponsored schemes
• Fixes minimum wages & working hours in tandem with government
• Prevents exploitation
• Imparts soft skills and work related skills
• Provides the workers with safety equipment
Work & wages
• Offers Legal protection
• Provides Insurance, compensation, survivor benefits, unemployment insurance
• Will be their Political voice
• Creates awareness about Swawlamban yojna, food security schemes, and other Govt. schemes etc...
• Creates consciousness about their rights & duties
• Provides Medical facilities
Social Security
• Micro financing
• SHG’s profit is shared with workers as pension
• Encourages entrepreneurship
• Ensures Education to children and runs crèche
• Vocational training by volunteers from schools and colleges and retired professional
• Provides loans without collateral
NGO’s/SHG’s
This model, if implemented would cover all informal sector workers and ensure their social welfare with adequate support from NGO’s and Government.
1.Gathers Government support
2.Encourages Mutual cooperation
Strong organisation 1.Employment
generation
2. Sets Fair wage and work parameters
Safeguards rights
cooperation
3.Composed of informal sector workers
1.Increases Political participation
2.Education and literacy
3.Social upliftment
Integrates with
mainstream1.Soft skills
2.Work related skills
3.Marketing skills
4.Safety measures
5. First aid and disaster management training
Imparts Skills
work parameters
3.insurance & compensation
• Informal sector workers do not see benefit and disengage.
• Government and Employers indifference with the
• Integration with Government, SHG’s, NGO’s
• Building trust
• Coordination between different sects of
• Awareness about the cooperative, system and setup for their benefit.
• SHG’s profit share as contribution to pension funds indifference with the
cooperative
• Corruption within union cooperative
RISKS
different sects of union cooperative
• Charter of union cooperative
• Political drift within cooperative
CHALLENGES
funds
• Coordination with SHG’s, NGO’s
• Tie up with industrial units and training centres
MITIGATION FACTORS
REFERENCES
Organizing workers of informal sector- ILO.Innovative Employment approaches and programs for low income families.Sheila Bhalla :The Restructuring of Unorganised sector in India.Sheila Bhalla :The Restructuring of Unorganised sector in India.Statistical update on employment in informal economy- ILO,Department of Statistics 2012.
NOTEWorkers in this entire ppt refers to informal sector workers.Here p.a. refers to per annum.
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