Moving Vehicle Characterization With Ultra Wideband (UWB ...

Moving Vehicle Characterization With Ultra Wideband (UWB) Radar

CASIS 2004Peter HaugenUCRL-PRES-208064

Acknowledgements:Co-author:Richard LeachLLNL MIR groupGreg DallumSteve FreemanCarlos RomeroPat WelshSpecial Thanks:Union Pacific Railroad

Application Scenarios

Potential sponsors at DOD (Army, Navy) and DHS have interest in automated detection, characterization, and assessment of vehicle traffic. (trains, trucks, tanks, autos, etc.)

Agend

a

1. Project Goals and Restrictions2. Sensor Selection and Descriptions3. Sensor Testing and Performance4. Data Collection5. Data Analysis

Topic Areas:

Project Goa

ls

Sensor Readings

Signal Processing

Presence of a target (train or automobile)

Direction of target travelSpeed of target

Location of target (lane/track of travel)

Target car count (train)

Vehicle/train car identification

Project Restrictions

• Low power, battery operated• Rapid set-up• Remote data processing and/or exfiltration• Operate in a variety of weather conditions and

times of day• Standoff from road/tracks• Low cost, disposable

Agend

a

1. Project Goals and Restrictions2. Sensor Selection and Descriptions3. Sensor Testing and Performance4. Data Collection5. Data Analysis

Topic Areas:

UWB is the optim

al choice

Medium

Low

High

Low

Cost

MediumClearReasonable, insufficient

DifficultOptical beam

LongAllReasonableDifficult, no standoff

Magnetometer/ Geophone

ShortClear, Day

DifficultDifficultCamera

LongAllReasonableEasyUWB Radar

LifetimeWeatherData Complexity

Opera-tion

Red - UnacceptableYellow- Meets all requirements

Sensor Options and Comparison

Data C

ollection, Fixed-Range

• Fixed-range sensors look for motion at a specific distance from the sensor

• Two are combined to measure target speed and direction

Fixed Range Radars Location

Fixed-Range Radars

Fixed-Range A

nalysis

Fixed-Range radar time series provides: Velocity

• Low power target detection

• Velocity measurements

• Potential car count

• Some discrimination information

Time

Da

ta C

ollection, Swept-Ra

nge

• Swept-range radar act like a type of range finder, giving radar reflectivity as a function of distance

• Profiles the side of the targetSwept-Range Radar

Swept-Range A

nalysis

Swept-range radar estimates:

• Detection

• Car count

• Discrimination

• Location

• Speed *

• Direction *

* using 2 radar

Time

Agend

a

1. Project Goals and Restrictions2. Sensor Selection and Descriptions3. Sensor Testing and Performance4. Data Collection5. Data Analysis

Topic Areas:

UWB Sensor Testing

48cm 30cm 15cm 8cm

150cm100cm

150cm

Diagram of experimental setupDiagram of experimental setup

LINEAR SLIDE

TARGETS 4x4cmUnistrut material (3)CONCRETE SLAB FLOOR

RADAR UNIT

UWB Sensor Testing

UWB Radar performance evaluation and verification test

Radar tested by scanning a series of metal targets while the heights and distance between the targets is increased

Swept Range Results

Analysis of the swept-range sensor data

100

50

0

100

50

0

100

50

0

100

50

00 0.5 1.0 1.5

distance (m)

3 lengths of 4cm square stock centered at 8cm spacing (red)

3 lengths of 4cm square stock centered at 15cm spacing (red)

3 lengths of 4cm square stock centered at 30cm spacing (red)

3 lengths of 4cm square stock centered at 48cm spacing (red)

corresponding radar images

600

400

200

0

-200

-400

-6000 0.5 1.0 1.5

distance (m)

Inte

nsity

Agend

a

1. Project Goals and Restrictions2. Sensor Selection and Descriptions3. Sensor Testing and Performance4. Data Collection5. Data Analysis

Topic Areas:

Deploym

ent Setup

Cameras and Speed Radars were used in data collection to validate the sensor measurements and provide ground-truth for the signal processing

Deploym

ent Data Results

UWB Radar ReturnsSignal Processing

Desired Statistics

Time, radar frames, train carsStart of train

End of train

Distance from

Rad

ar 63 Rail Cars

Agend

a

1. Project Goals and Restrictions2. Sensor Selection and Descriptions3. Sensor Testing and Performance4. Data Collection5. Data Analysis

Topic Areas:

Data A

nalysis

UWB Radar Returns

Signal Processing

Presence of a target (train or automobile)

Direction of target travelSpeed of target

Location of target (lane/track of travel)

Target car count (train)

Vehicle/train car identification

Data A

nalysis

Further data analysis details available. Refer to the LLNL Micro-Power Impulse Radar group for additional information.

Summ

ary

Our research has shown that a low power, UWB radar-based hardware/software combination can be used to autonomously detect, characterize, and identify target trains and potentially other types of vehicles.

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Questions?