Mobile Databases for Health Informatics Web Conference 2003 Dr. Stanley G. Aungst Assistant Professor of IST, Penn State University Karen E. Fleagle Senior,

Mobile Databases for Health Informatics

Web Conference 2003

Dr. Stanley G. AungstAssistant Professor of IST, Penn State University

Karen E. FleagleSenior, School of IST, Penn State University

June 18, 2003 1:00 - 2:00PM

Mobile Database Management System

IBM’s DB2 Everyplace • An Introduction to DB2e

• Basic Components• Environments• Security

• Handheld Form Factors• Palm OS Emulator (POSE)• Palm m500• Future Form Factors (Palm Tungsten, Smartphones, etc.)

• Practical Applications for DB2e• Virtual Coconuts Project• Hershey Medical Center - Pain Management Database Project• Pennsylvania Governor’s School for Information Technology

• Acknowledgements – Steve Kellogg and the AIT Group

• DB2e stores, retrieves, organizes and manages data on a handheld device

• The data on the handheld device is synchronized to a server-based relational database management system (RDMS)

• DB2e is currently available for Palm OS, EPOC, Neutrino, Windows CE and embedded Linux

An IntroductionIBM’s DB2e

An IntroductionIBM’s DB2e

• Limitations of today’s small form factor technology• System memory

• Power consumption

• Processor speed

• DB2e accommodates for this limitations• DB2e is a “thumbprint” DBMS ( ~ 180k )

• Sync small amounts of data to server database

• DB2e was first introduced in August 1999• Could be downloaded from IBM’s website in 1999 (version 7.0)

• Presently, must join Advanced Developers Group of IBM Silicon Valley

• Initially only available on Palm OS and Windows CE

• Current version: 8.1.1

Basic ComponentsIBM’s DB2e

• DB2e on the handheld device• Database Engine• IBM Sync• Query By Example (QBE)

• Synchronization Server• Allows synchronization between DB2e and server database• Mobile Device Administration Center (MDAC)• Table encryption for version 8.1.1• J2 MicroEdition (J2ME) Sync Client for cell phones and pagers

• Mobile Application Builder (MAB) CASE Tool• Creates custom applications for the handheld device

• DB2 Universal Database (UDB2)• Server database

EnvironmentsIBM’s DB2e

• Two-tier environment• Database Engine (DB2e)• Sync Server and UDB2

• Three-tier environment• Database Engine (DB2e)• Sync Server• UDB2

Security on the HandheldIBM’s DB2e

• Version 8.1.1 added the ability to encrypt local data on:

• Windows CE / Pocket PC• Windows 32-bit• Palm platforms

• Secure encryption (56 or 128 bit) and compression during data transfer

• Encryption access is handled via a connection to the database with a valid user ID and password

Sync ServerIBM’s DB2e

• Cross platform, database independent, bi-directional synchronization server

• Running in a two-tier or three-tier environment

• Allows synchronization between handheld device and enterprise server

• Control Database (DB2) – for management of the Sync Server

• Data Staging Tables – to increase throughput

• Mirror Database – where conflicts are resolved

• DB2 Log Writer – records update activity

• Data Capture Program – moves data between mirror database and the enterprise database (UDB2)

Components of the Sync ServerIBM’s DB2e

Sync Server ProcessIBM’s DB2e

• User authentication by control database

• Input into staging table

• Moved to mirror database

• Activity recorded in DB2 Log Writer

• Data capture program updates enterprise database

Sync Connection OptionsIBM’s DB2e

Mobile Device Administration CenterIBM’s DB2e

• Graphical User Interface (GUI) administers the Sync Server

• Sets up user accounts and defines what data each user can synchronize

IBM SyncIBM’s DB2e

• Located on the handheld device

• Initiates the syncing process

• User name and password must be typed into IBM Sync for process to continue

• Device ID is registered with the Sync Server during the first sync

Overview of Sync Server ComponentsIBM’s DB2e

Mobile Application Builder (MAB)IBM’s DB2e

• GUI for creating custom applications

• The application allows users to create, delete, and update records in a database via their handheld device

• Rapid prototyping capability

• Includes samples (Virtual Nurse)

• Visually create and edit forms by selecting controls from the palette

• Define alerts based on user entries (Creation Successful!)

• Add images to forms

• Add menus to forms

Features of the MABIBM’s DB2e

Palm OS EmulatorIBM’s DB2e

• Effective for testing custom applications

• Different Palm OS versions

• Can be “buggy”

• Great instructional tool

Small Form FactorsPalm™ m500

• Memory: 8 MB

• Screen Resolution: 160 x 160

• Weight: 4 oz.

• Expansion Slot

• Palm OS Software: v4.0

• Price: $149

Small Form FactorsXircom® Wireless LAN Module

• High-speed access to network resources (up to 11 Mbps) for handheld PCs

• Compatible IEEE 802.11b high-rate standard

• Compatible with Palm m500 series, Palm m125 handheld computers

• Priced between $220 - $250

Small Form FactorsPalm™ Tungsten™ C

• Memory: 64 MB (51 MB actual)

• Screen Resolution: 320 x 320

• Weight: 6.3 oz.

• Wi-Fi 802.11b Radio

• Palm OS Software: v5.2.1

• Price: $499

Small Form FactorsPalm™ Tungsten™ W

• Memory: 14.8 MB actual storage capacity

• Screen Resolution: 320 x 320

• Weight: 6.4 oz.

• GSM™/GPRS Voice and Data

• Palm OS Software: v4.1.1

• Price: $549 (AT&T wireless service sold separately)

Small Form FactorsKyocera 7135 Smartphone

• 16 MB of RAM

• Weight: 6.6 oz.

• Palm OS Software: v4.1

• Trimode CDMA digital wireless phone• CDMA PCS (1900 MHz)• CDMA cellular (800 MHz)• Analog cellular networks

• Price: $499.95 with contract

Virtual CoconutsIST 240 Project

• Built a two-tier solution with IBM's DB2 Everyplace

• Their Virtual Solution: selling Hawaiian shirts, grass skirts and paper-mache coconuts for the luau

• Allowed the user to:• set up an online password

account• order products• check the status of their orders

using Palm Pilots.

• A CRM system gives the customer the status of their product via any handheld PDA or WAP enabled phone

PAIN Management DatabaseHershey Medical Center Project - 2003

• A Mobile DB2 Everyplace Wireless Database Solution • Hershey Medical Center - Anesthesiology Department

• Opportunity to have patient records on handheld devices in operating rooms

• Wirelessly transmit records to access/update patient information

• Goal was to integrate:• Wireless technology• Handheld devices• Mobile PAIN Management database• DB2 Everyplace

• DB2 Everyplace

• UDB2 Enterprise Database Server

• Wireless Access Points

• Small Form Factor• PDA• Smartphone

• Virtual Private Network (VPN) – Tunneling• Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) • In compliance with HIPAA requirements

PAIN Management DatabaseHardware & Software Requirements

• The wireless process would include:• Doctors carry mobile devices to access patient records• Access Points are located throughout the department• Patient records are accessed/updated inside the

department• Passwords (2 deep) to verify user (HIPAA regulations)• Mobile device wireless request for information • Doctor is notified when transaction is completed

• PAIN management research capabilities

PAIN Management DatabaseWireless Processes

Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)

The HIPAA legislation has four primary objectives:

• Assure health insurance portability by eliminating job-lock due to pre-existing medical conditions

• Reduce healthcare fraud and abuse • Enforce standards for health information • Guarantee security and privacy of health information

PAIN Management DatabaseHIPAA Regulations

• All healthcare providers, health plans, payers, clearinghouses, and other entities that process health data must comply with HIPAA

• HIPAA applies to all communication that is stored or transmitted electronically, or that has been stored or transmitted electronically in the past.

• Media includes, but is not limited to:» Computer databases» Tapes» Disks» Telecommunications» Fax» Internet» Networks

PAIN Management DatabaseHIPAA Compliance

PAIN Management DatabaseDatabase Tables & Relationships

(Appended Tables)

• Surgery Table (1,1)

Surgeon ID Patient ID Surgeon Last Name Surgery DateSurgery / Injury Code

• Patient Table (1,M)ID Patient Last NamePatient First NameSexDate of BirthWeight

• Refine the customer requirements

• Make the system wireless 802.11x and/or Cellular with Palm™ Tungstens™ and Smartphones

• Make the wireless system secure• Use Movian VPN / Cisco • Hardware or software solution

PAIN Management DatabaseNext Steps

PA Governor’s School for ITMobile Database Skill Track

• Last year, each student:• Designed and created a mobile database• Built a mobile application for a Palm m500• Contacted the enterprise database – wired• Contacted the Internet wirelessly via 802.11b

• This year, we plan to:• Focus on mobile databases for health informatics• Use different form factors such as:

» Blackberries» Palm Tungsten» Smartphones

• Travel to Hershey Medical Center to visit the Life Lion pilots and emergency medical team

• Hershey Medical Center – Anesthesiology Department staff, especially Gregg Schuler, Jon Chadwick and Dr. Donald Martin MD

• Steve Kellogg, Mark Campbell, Craig Anthony and the staff of the AIT group at Penn State, University Park

• Debby Nakamura, IBM Director of the Advanced Development Group at IBM Silicon Valley

• Paul Zikopoulos, IBM Database Specialist at IBM Toronto

• Dan Foster and the RIIT Group of the Smeal College of Business, Penn State, University Park

Mobile Database DevelopmentAcknowledgements

Contact UsIBM DB2e

Dr. Stan Aungst E-mail: sga103@psu.edu

Office Phone: (814) 865 - 0814

Karen E. FleagleE-mail: kxf186@psu.edu