MITOSIS. Mitosis and the Cell Cycle Sexual reproduction – combining genetic info from 2 organisms of the same species to create offspring Asexual reproduction.
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MITOSIS
Mitosis and the Cell Cycle
Sexual reproduction – combining genetic info from 2 organisms of the same species to create offspring
Asexual reproduction – offspring arises from single parent.
How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?
Why do animals shed their skin?
Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction:
1. Growth 2. Repair 3. Replacement
Skin cancer - the abnormal growth of skin cells - most often develops on skin exposed to the sun.
The Cell CycleThe sequence of growth and
division of a cell.95% of cell cycle
in interphase5% of cell cycle
in mitosis
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
Interphase
Growth Stage 1 (G1) – metabolic activity of the cell
Synthesis Stage (S) – metabolic activity of the cell, replication of DNA
Growth Stage 2 (G2) – metabolic activity of the cell, prepare for division
Interphase Normal cell life functions
Animal Cell Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
MITOSIS is the process of the nucleus of the cell duplicating and dividing
There are
four phases
of mitosis.
PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE
Prophase (DNA has already copied itself) Nuclear membrane fades Chromosomes condense – can see
sister chromatids
and centromere Spindle forms Centrioles start to move
to opposite poles
Prophase
Animal Cell Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Spindle fibers
Centrioles
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up along the equator (middle) of the cell
Each chromatid is attached to spindle with centromere
Metaphase
Animal Cell Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Anaphase
Centromeres divideSister chromatids are pulled
apart to opposite poles of the cell
Each chromatid is now a separate chromosome
Anaphase
Animal Cell Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Telophase
Spindle fibers dissolveChromosomes reach the
opposite poles and begin to uncoil (lengthen)
Nuclear envelopes (2) reform
Telophase
Animal Cell Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Cytokinesis
Cytoplasm dividesTwo new daughter cells are
now separate
Animal Mitosis -- Review
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Interphase
Plant Mitosis -- Review
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Interphase
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0k-enzoeOM
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