Transcript
The Metric System
1. Metric Units:
ºC, Kdegrees Celsius,
kelvinstemperature
g/cm3
(or g/mL)
gram/cubic cm(or gram/milliliter)
density
L or cm3liter or cubic cmvolume
ggrammass
mmeterdistance
SymbolUnitMeasurement
2. Metric Prefixes:
• kilo-
= 0.001 or 1/1000
• deci-
• centi-
• milli-
= 0.1 or 1/10
= 0.01 or 1/100
= 1000
• hecto- = 100
• deka- = 10
Prefix Symbol Multiplying Factor
k
h
da
d
c
m
3. Mass, Volume, and Density1. Mass measures the amount of matter
in an object.mass is always the same; weight changes depending on gravity
2. Volume measures the space that matter occupies
calculated by l . w . h (or by the displacement of water)
3. Density is the proportion of mass in an object to its volume
density = mass/volume = g/cm3 (or g/mL)
4. Converting Metric UnitsThe following sentence helps convert
between metric units:
King Henry danced merrily down central Main
mcdmdahk
Not a prefix. Can be L or g
km hm dam m dm cm mm
Problem 1: 23 cm = _______ m
1. Which unit is already known? Centimeters. Find cm on the chart.
2. Count “hops” to the other unit, and pay attention to the direction: 2 hops left.
3. Move the decimal the same number of hops in the same direction. 23 is 23.0, so two
hops left yields 0.23. This would now be meters, so 0.23 m.
kg hg dag g dg cg mg
Problem 2: _______ dg = 8.65 kg
1. Which unit is already known? Kilograms. Find kg on the chart.
2. Count “hops” to the other unit, and pay attention to the direction: 4 hops right.
3. Move the decimal the same number of hops in the same direction. Four hops right yields 86,500. This would now be decigrams, so 86,500 dg.
kL hL daL L dL cL mL
Problem 3: How many dekaliters is 29.5 milliliters?
1. Rewrite the problem: _____ daL = 29.5 mL2. Which unit is already known?
Milliliters. Find mL on the chart.3. Count “hops” to the other unit, and pay
attention to the direction: 4 hops left.4. Move the decimal the same number of hops in
the same direction. Four hops left yields 0.00295. This would now be dekaliters, so 0.00295 daL.
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