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Aorta :
Its parts:
Ascending.
Arch:L. Common carotid artery.
L.Subclavian artery.
Brachiocephalic trunk.
Common Crotid artery:
External carotid artery.
Internal carotid artery.
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Descending Thoracic AortaArteries of Upper limb:
Axillaray, Brachial, Radial, Ulnar , Palmararches.
Arteries of Lower limb:Femoral, Popliteal, Anterior & Posterior
tibial &Dorsalis pedis.Abdominal aorta:
levels of origin & bifurcation:Branches :
Anterior Visceral(Celiac trunk, Sup.Mesenteric & Inf. Mesenteric)
Lateral Visceral(Renal, Suprarenal,Gonadal)
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Common Iliac artery :
External Iliac (to L.L)
Internal Iliac (to pelvis)
Arterial Anastomosis:Main sites (upper & lower limbs)
Sites of arterial Pulsations.
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It is the Largest and theMain arterialtrunk of thebody.
It issues from:
The Left ventricle of theheart.
Different parts of the
aorta are namedaccording to:
Their location or Shape.
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ASCENDING
ARCHDES.
THOR.
DES.
ABDOM.
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It arises from:
Base of Left Ventricle.
At the level of Sernal
costalND2Angle (cartilage):
It becomes continuouswithArch of Aorta.
At its root:The Right & Left
Coronary Arteries ariseAortic Sinuses.from the
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It lies:
Behind the Manubrium.
It is to the left of the
trachea.
It becomes continuouswith the Descending
Thoracic
Aorta(opposite the sternalangle).
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BRACHIOCEPHALI
L. COMMONCAROTID
L.SUBCLAVIAN
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Right CCA arises from :
Brachiocephalic Trunk.
:Left CCA arises from
Arch of Aorta.
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The Common Carotidartery terminates (atUpper Border of
Thyroid Cartilage)into two arteries:
External Carotid.
Internal Carotid.
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FACE
FACIALA
MAXILLAMAXILLARY
A
SCALPSUPERFICIAL
TEMPORALA
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TONGUE
LINGUALA.
GLANDS
THYROIDA.
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NOIt gives offbranches in theNeck.
It enters theCranial Cavity.
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BRAIN
EYE
NOSE
&SCALP
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Right artery arises:from
Brachiocephalic Trunk .
Left artery arises from
Arch of Aorta.
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Vertebral arteryto
CNS.
Internal thoracicartery to:
Mammary
gland& &Thoracic wall.
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It becomes:
TheAxillaryarteryat the
ofLateral Borderfirst rib.the
SourceIt is theof the arterialsupply of the U.L
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AXILLARY.
BRACHIAL.
RADIAL.
ULNAR.
Palmar Arches(Superficial &
Deep).
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It passes through the.Axilla
Termination :
At the middle of theHumerus :
It becomes the Brachial
artery.
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It descends close tothe medial border ofthe Humerus.
It passes in front ofthe elbow (CubitalFossa).
At the level of Neck ofRadius:
It divides into its twoterminal branches :
Radial.
Ulnar.
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Ulnar artery :
It is the largerterminal branch.
Radial artery:
The smaller terminalbranch.
In the hand :They form:
Superficial and DeepPalmar Arches.
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It is the continuation oftheArch of the Aorta.
At the level of the 12th
thoracicvertebra:It passes through the
Diaphragm to becontinuous with theAbdominalAorta.
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It gives the followingarteries :
Pericardial.
Esophageal.
Bronchial.
Posterior intercostal.
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It enters theabdomen through theAortic openingof the
diaphragm.:4At the level of L
It divides into two
terminal branches :Right & Left Common
Iliac arteries.
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-CELIAC TRUNK
SUPERIORMESENTERIC
INFERIOR
MESENTERIC
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STOMACH
SPLEEN
LIVER &PANCREAS
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PANCREAS
SMALLINTESTINE
LARGE
INTESTINE
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LARGE
INTESTINE
RECTUM
ANAL
CANAL
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RENAL
SUPRARENAL
GONADAL(TESTICULAR
OROVARIAN)
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It divides infront ofSacroiliac Joint
into two arteries:External iliac (to
lower limb).
Internal iliac (topelvis).
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UTERUS&
VAGINA
PELVICWALLS
&
PERINEUM
RECTUM&
ANALCANAL
URINARYBLADDER
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It is the Source ofarterial supply to theLower limb.
It passes under theInguinal Ligament.
It becomes
Femoral artery.
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FEMORAL
POSTERIORTIBIAL
ANTERIORTIBIAL
POPLI
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It lies:
In the anterior compartmentof the thigh in a
Sheath with the Femoral Vein.It ends :
At the lower end of the femur
by entering the Poplitealspace.
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In the PoplitealFossa:
It is deeply placed.
It divides into:Anterior & PosteriorTibial Arteries.
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It is the smallerterminal branch.
It becomes
Superficialin itslower part .
It continues to thedorsum of foot:
As the Dorsalis Pedisartery.
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It continues to theSole of the Foot.
It is the main
source of its arterialsupply.
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Definition:
It is the joining ofbranches ofarteries supplyingadjacent areas.
Anatomic endarteries:
Their terminal
branches Do Notanastomose withbranches ofadjacent arteries.
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In the UPPER LIMB:
ScapularAnastomosis
Between branchesof:
Subclavian &Axillary.
Around the Elbow:Brachial&
Radial and Ulnar.
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In the LOWER LIMB:
Trochanteric .
Cruciate .
They provideanastomosisbetween:
Internal iliac&
Femoral.
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SuperficialTemporal Pulse:
In front of the Ear.
Facial Pulse:At the Lower border
of the Mandible.
Carotid Pulse:
At the Upper Borderof ThyroidCartilage.
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SubclavianPulse:
As it crosses the
1stRib.Radial Pulse:
In front of theDistal End of theRadius.
.
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Femoral artery:
Midway betweenASI spine &Symphysis pubis.
Popliteal artery:
In the depths ofpopliteal fossa.
Dorsalis pedisartery:
In front of ankle(between the two
malleoli).
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. Descending thoracic aorta:1
A. Gives bronchial branches.
B. Gives branches to the heart.
C. Has no branches.D. Arises from the base of left ventricle.
. The branches of the arch of aorta are:2
A. Left subclavian.
B. Right subclavian.C. Right coronary.
D. Left coronary.
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.Superior mesenteric artery supplies:3
A. Stomach.
B. Jujenum and ileum.
C. Rectum.
D. Spleen.Reduced blood supply to the muscles of the.4
anterior compartment of the thigh could bedue to injury of:
A. Femoral artery.B. Popliteal artery.
C. Dorsalis pedis artery.
D. Anterior tibial artery.
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. Pulsations felt at the lower border of the5mandible are in :
A. Superficial temporal artery.
B. Common carotid artery.
C.Maxillary artery.D. Facial artery.
The internal iliac artery supplies:.6
A. Uterus.
B. Urinary bladder.C. Ovary.
D. Anal canal.
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Branches of the celiac trunk provide.7blood supply to :
A. Liver.
B. Spleen.
C. Transverse colon.D. Stomach.
subclavian artery:. Left8
A. Terminates at the lateral border of the
first rib.B. Supplies the scalp.
C. Arises from the brachiocephalic trunk.
D. Passes through the axilla.
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During spleenectomy, the splenic artery has to.9be ligated, it is a branch from:
A. Inferior mesenteric artery.
B. Celiac trunk.
C. Superior mesenteric artery.D. Internal iliac artery.
A thrombus in the inferior mesenteric artery.10would reduce the blood supply to:
A. Urinary bladder.
B. Rectum.
C. Liver.
D. Supra renal gland.
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To feel the carotid pulse we have to put.11the fingers at:
A. Lower border of the mandible.
B. Upper border of thyroid cartilage.
C. In front of the ear.D. On the first rib.
A diabetic patient might complain from.12loss of vision due to vasoconstriction of the
ophthalmic artery which is a branch from:A. External carotid artery.
B. Common carotid artery.
C. Internal carotid artery.
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