MAINTAINING A HEALTHY WEIGHT. Weight Management Diet and exercise plan that helps maintain a desirable weight.
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MAINTAINING A HEALTHY WEIGHT
Weight Management
Diet and exercise plan that helps maintain a desirable weight.
What determines a healthy weight? Body composition: Percentage of fat
tissue and lean tissue in the body. Body Frame: Approximate weight and
density of the bone structure; size and thickness of bones vary from person to person Mesomorph: Muscular, althetic build Endomorph: Round, Large type Ectopmorph: Thin, Lean BMR: BASAL METABOLIC RATE, the number
of calories the body uses at rest
Making a Weight Management Plan Calorie Intake: How many calories you eat Calorie expenditure: How many calories you
burn A pound of body fat is equal to 3500 calories Track your activity level and what you eat to
find the balance you need- to gain weight you need to eat more than you but, to lose weight must burn more than you eat
Suggestions for weight gain and loss No more than 2 pounds per week Maintain a balanced diet, extremes
rarely result in long term success Use exercises as part of your plan, both
cardiovascular and strength training
Weight Loss strategies
Liquid diets- a beverage is substituted for some or all meals.
Fad diets- a quick weight loss strategy for the short term Prescription medications- under the direct supervision of a medical doctor
Starvation diet- severe restriction of calories, body relies on stored body fat because there is no glucose for energy.
Weight Loss strategies
Over the counter (OTC) diet pills- some suppress the appetite (use stimulant drugs), some fill stomach
Laxatives and diuretics- drugs that help a person have bowel movements (laxative) or products that increase amount of urine (diuretic); temporary
Eating Disorders
A condition in which a person has a compelling need to starve, binge, or to binge and purge.
1. Teens at risk: emphasis on body image, uncomfortable with SSC, perfectionism, need to control, inability to express emotions.
Anorexia Nervosa
An ED in which a person starves self and weights 15% or more below desirable weight
Obsession with being thin Perfectionist
Treatment
Team of professionals- doctors, dieticians, nurses, and mental health professionals
Out-patient, in-patient, hospitals, rehabilitation facilities
How it harms the body
Dehydration and constipation Abdominal pain and nausea Hormonal changes Damage to internal organs Decrease in heart rate and blood pressure Impaired immune system function Absence of menstruation in females Hair loss Malnutrition Negative self confidence Lack of self-respect Depression Urge to withdraw
Bulimia
An ED in which a person binges and purges, eat large quantities of food at one time and then rid the body by vomiting, using laxative or diuretics More common than anorexia Obsession with body shape and size Negative body image Usually are aware of problem but are
unable to change, feel shame and quilt
Harms Health
Dissolved tooth enamel, tooth decay, sore gums
Enlarge salivary glands and swollen cheeks
Severe water loss causing depletion of potassium and increase in blood pressure
Damage to colon, heart, and kidneys Impaired bowel function
Treatment
Team of professionals Taught new ways of coping
Signs of Bulimia
Binge in private, but eat regular amounts when with others
Have one secret place in which to binge Steal food or hide it in a secret place Think about food constantly and plan
each binge carefully Buy or steal special treats or elaborate
dishes for a binge Gulp food quickly while bingeing so as
not to be discovered Exercise and diet excessively between
binges
Binge Eating
An ED in which a person cannot control eating and eats excessive amounts Most common in females Use food as a substitute for coping Over time become addicted to food Become overweight, obese but others may
not realize that it is because of the ED
How it harms the health
Skeletal difficulties because the bones need to support extra weight
Increase in person’s heart rate and blood pressure
Increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and certain types of cancer
Treatment
Team of health-care professionals Weight management plan After weight loss must learn new eating
habits and examine reasons why they felt the need to overeat
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