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Collège Le Revard 73100 Grésy Sur Aix
The History of India :The History of India :The History of India :The History of India :
from the 18th century to from the 18th century to from the 18th century to from the 18th century to
todaytodaytodaytoday
December 2010 School year 2010/2011
Table of Table of Table of Table of
contents :contents :contents :contents :
• Maharajas
• Influences of
britain in India
and influences
of India in Bri-
tain.
• The fight for in-
dependence.
• India today.
The Indian MagazineThe Indian MagazineThe Indian MagazineThe Indian Magazine
Page 2
In the 18th century a private army conquered India; it was the British East Company. So, India became a British colony from 1784 to 1947, so during 163 years. Gandhi, an impor-tant character in India, was one of
the first leader to-wards indepen-dance, who was against violence. After decolaniza-tion (the Raj) there were partitions because of reli-gions, like Hin-duism and Islam and this created Pakistan and Ban-gladesh.
In this magazine,
we will speak
about the British
East India compa-
ny, Gandhi, the
fight for indepen-
dance, the new
flag.
CHRISTINA CHRISTINA CHRISTINA CHRISTINA
Océane 4eCOcéane 4eCOcéane 4eCOcéane 4eC
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
India at the time of the maharajasIndia at the time of the maharajasIndia at the time of the maharajasIndia at the time of the maharajas
The maharajas were wealthy. The maharajas li-ved in India in the 18th century. He lived in a palace with his wife and a lot of children.T he synonym of the maharajas was « great king ».
To describe them, we can use the words spendour and magnificence. The maharajas had a lot of autho-rity and symbols for exemple : royal parasol, chauri, fans and staff of authority.
He used the skills ofs poets, musi-cians, artistes, ar-chitects and craf-tem to show his wealth. GAY AlexisGAY AlexisGAY AlexisGAY Alexis 4°D4°D4°D4°D
MaharajasMaharajasMaharajasMaharajas
Page 3
He was the fourth Mongolian Empe-ror of India.
Under his reign, the empire remai-ned in a state of war. Art, litterature and architecture
developped du-ring his reign. He wrote his me-moirs ,« Jahangir Nâma» and built the mau-soleum in memory of his father.
Maharaja JahangirMaharaja JahangirMaharaja JahangirMaharaja Jahangir
Maharaja Jahangir was born in Fathepur Sikri on September 9th 1569 and died in Lâhore on October 28th 1627.His real name was Salim,Nûr-Ud-Din Muhammad.
Picture of the Maharaja Jahangir
Laura Nguyen 4°DLaura Nguyen 4°DLaura Nguyen 4°DLaura Nguyen 4°D
SituationSituationSituationSituation :::: Rohet Garh is si-tuated forty kilo-meters far from Jodhpur, in the state of Marwar. Rohet Garh was built in 1622. Today, Rohet Garh is a hotel.
DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription :::: Rohet Garh is great. There are a lot of decorations and windows. There is a swim-ming-pool. Before the entry, they are paintings on walls. The paintings re-present horses and elephants.
The garden is
beautiful, there
are a lot of flowers
Viquerat MargotViquerat MargotViquerat MargotViquerat Margot 4eme D4eme D4eme D4eme D
In 1994, the palace
became a hotel.
Today, Lakshmi
Villa Palace is a
large palace si-
tuated in a gar-
den. In front of the
palace, there are
two flats roofs
The Lakshmi Villa Palace was built in 1887 for Raja Raghunath Singh. The palace situa-ted in a small town of bharatpur. It was a famous pla-ce in this part from Rajastant.
and each flats
roofs has got a
little tower.
Pisteur MarinePisteur MarinePisteur MarinePisteur Marine
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Lakshmi Vila palace.Lakshmi Vila palace.Lakshmi Vila palace.Lakshmi Vila palace.
The Balsmand lake palace in JodhpurThe Balsmand lake palace in JodhpurThe Balsmand lake palace in JodhpurThe Balsmand lake palace in Jodhpur
They are green gardens with man-go papayas and a lot of trees. Jacquin MarieJacquin MarieJacquin MarieJacquin Marie 4eme D4eme D4eme D4eme D
The Balsmand la-ke palace in Jodh-pur is next to the Balsmand lake. The palace has been built by Ma-haraja Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur I in the 17th centu-ries
Page 4
Ro he t Garh entryRo he t Garh entryRo he t Garh entryRo he t Garh entry
Rohet Garh in RohetRohet Garh in RohetRohet Garh in RohetRohet Garh in Rohet
This is the entryThis is the entryThis is the entryThis is the entry
The flat roofs with towersThe flat roofs with towersThe flat roofs with towersThe flat roofs with towers
Amarvilas is located 600 metres far from the Taj Mahal. There are swimming pools and a lot of de-corations. Now, Amarvilas is a
very luxurious hotel
which we can visit.
Adélie Breuil Adélie Breuil Adélie Breuil Adélie Breuil
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He is one of the Bundi’s Palace. It was built by Ma-harao Umaid Singh in 1773. The palace welco-med the famous English writer Ru-dyard Kipling. He stands 304 me-
General presenta-tion : Sukh Mahal is in Bundi in India.
ters above the city
and 595 meters
above the sea le-
v e l .
It is situated next
to a lake : Jait Sa-
gar.
Audrey EnricoAudrey EnricoAudrey EnricoAudrey Enrico
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Amarvilas, in AgraAmarvilas, in AgraAmarvilas, in AgraAmarvilas, in Agra
A Palace in Bundi : Sukh MahalA Palace in Bundi : Sukh MahalA Palace in Bundi : Sukh MahalA Palace in Bundi : Sukh Mahal
Fort Chawna in
Luni was a house
( a palace) for the
maharaja.
Anaïs CheninAnaïs CheninAnaïs CheninAnaïs Chenin
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Fort Chawna in LuniFort Chawna in LuniFort Chawna in LuniFort Chawna in Luni
The Fort Chawna
in Luni was built
in Jodhpur, in In-
dia. It is Maharaja
Dalip Singh. It is a
big and beautiful
palace because it
is decorated with
gardens, flowers,
fountains... The
Page 5
The Amarvilas palace's entrance
The lights in the garden
The palace built by the noblemen of the court of the royal familly, is located near the Samode village . T h e p a l a c e contains 43 be-drooms which ha-ve a private bal-cony. The palace has a restaurant, a swimming pool
and a fitness cen-tre because now it is an hotel. This palace is ma-naged by the no-ble family of Sa-mode, who owns it for more than 400 years . Jacquier MathildeJacquier MathildeJacquier MathildeJacquier Mathilde 4eme D4eme D4eme D4eme D
Samode Palace in SamodeSamode Palace in SamodeSamode Palace in SamodeSamode Palace in Samode
Udai bilas palaceUdai bilas palaceUdai bilas palaceUdai bilas palace
Surrounded by the
azure blue waters of
the Gaibasagar Lake
on one side and the
dense forests of the
private reserve on
the other, the Udai
Bilas Palace in Dur-
gapur is a splendid
palace.Rajasthan is a
paradise in itself. The
Udai Singhji-II, a
great patron of art
and architecture,
built a wing of bluish
grey local stone
"Pareva" overlooking
the lake and the "Ek
Thambia Mahal", fea-
turing intricate
sculptured pillars
and panels, ornate
balconies, bracke-
ted windows, arches
and frieze of marble
carvings, a veritable
marvel of Rajput
architecture.
Granger MatisGranger MatisGranger MatisGranger Matis
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Udai Bilas Palace is
a combination of the
royal hospitality of
Rajasthan and the
luxury of a palace.
The History of Udai
Bilas Palace, Dun-
garpur, Rajasthan
dates from the middle
of the 19th century,
when Maharawal
Page 6
The Samode Palace is switched on
This is the interior swimming pool of udai bilas palace
The palace is lo-cated in the Na-guar district and it was built by Rao Karamsiji in the sixteen century . Now, the fort is a heritage hotel. It's a hotel : 49 rooms and 96 win-dows. The archi-
techtural style is square and geome-tric. Today, Khimsar Fort
Naguar ranks among
the first heritage ho-
tel in Rajasthan.
Guillaume Bollard Guillaume Bollard Guillaume Bollard Guillaume Bollard
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under the direc-tion of Maharana Jagat Singh. The Maharana of Jaipur was the king from 1628 to 1654. The palace is now a splendid hotel,
The Lake Palace is on the lake Pi-chora, in Rajas-than (in the north of India). In the past, the La-ke Palace was cal-led “Jag Niwas”. It was built in whi-te marble, in 1746,
transformed by Bhagwat Singh. It has got 83 rooms. We go to the hotel by boat.
Palace Khimsan Fort NaguarPalace Khimsan Fort NaguarPalace Khimsan Fort NaguarPalace Khimsan Fort Naguar
The Lake PalaceThe Lake PalaceThe Lake PalaceThe Lake Palace
decorated with black and white marbles. It is in the same style as the TAJ MAHAL ;i t has got Hindus moti-ves. In 1976 and 2000 they resto-red the palace.
Taj lake palace in UdaipurTaj lake palace in UdaipurTaj lake palace in UdaipurTaj lake palace in Udaipur
L a k e P a l a c e(formerly know under the name of Jag Niwas) is a luxury hotel ; it is on the Pichola la-ke,Udaipur, India. It was built in 1743-1643 in the East. The upper house of the palace is
Page 7
The dome of the palace.
Taj Lake Palace bedroom
Joanna Rémi 4°DJoanna Rémi 4°DJoanna Rémi 4°DJoanna Rémi 4°D
The Lake Palace, with a typical boat on the lake.
Lucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°D
The Rambagh Pa-lace in Jaipur is the palace of the Maharajah of Jai-pur, now, it's the luxury Taj Palace Hotel. The first building was built in 1835, for the nurse of Prince Ramh Singh II. In 1931, Maharajah
Sawai Man Singh II made Rambagh Palace his princi-pal residence and added a lots of suites. After India beca-me independant, the Palace beca-me the Govern-ment House. In 1957, the royal
family decided to convert it in a luxury hotel. Léa Maïnas Léa Maïnas Léa Maïnas Léa Maïnas 4°C4°C4°C4°C
The Rambagh PalaceThe Rambagh PalaceThe Rambagh PalaceThe Rambagh Palace
the 20th century and now it is a luxurious hotel.
The building is se-
micircular. There
is a marble swim-
ming pool outsi-
de. The style of
the building is eu-
ropean and hindu,
with ivory, glass
mosaics and fres-
coes. There are
beautiful gardens.
It is next to the la-
ke Pichola.
Shiv Niwas palaceShiv Niwas palaceShiv Niwas palaceShiv Niwas palace
Skiv Niwas Palhi-vace is from the 19th century (1874-1884). First it was the official resi-dence of the Ma-haraja of Udaipur, Rajasthan, then it was a guest-house for the royal family on
Page 8
The Rambagh Palace and a part of his gar-
dens ( 47 acres=190,000 m²)
First the palace only had 9 suites, all on the ground floor. Now, the hotel has three l e v e l s a n d contains 31 guest rooms with 14 de-luxe rooms, 8 ter-race suites, 3 royal suites and 2 imperial suites.
A semicircular arc building with lake view
Loïs Bourland 4°DLoïs Bourland 4°DLoïs Bourland 4°DLoïs Bourland 4°D
Geographical si-tuation : Deogarh Mahal is an Indian monu-ment. It’s situated in the city of Deo-garh on the limits of Mewar. History of Deo-garh Mahal : The fort of Deo-garh Mahal was
built in 1670 by AD Rawat Dwarka Dasji. It was the seat of the clan of Rajputs chunda-wat Sisodia. Deogarh Mahal today : Today, Deogarh is
a famous school
of miniature pain-
tings. Deogarh is
surrounded by vil-
lage. Their life sty-
le and celebration
parties are uni-
que.
Deogarh MahalDeogarh MahalDeogarh MahalDeogarh Mahal
Page 9
Deogarh Mahal is the big palace Sarah Laquaz 4°DSarah Laquaz 4°DSarah Laquaz 4°DSarah Laquaz 4°D
Girivilas is a palace in the re-gion of Chhattisgarh, in India. It was built by Raja Bahadur
Singh Jawahir in Sa-
rangarh (city) during
the “British Raj”.
Emeline FasolatoEmeline FasolatoEmeline FasolatoEmeline Fasolato
4°C4°C4°C4°C
The Girivilas palace in SarangarhThe Girivilas palace in SarangarhThe Girivilas palace in SarangarhThe Girivilas palace in Sarangarh
Today, the Umaid
Bhawan Palace is
divided in three
parts : a luxury
hotel, the residen-
ce of the former
royal family and a
museum on histo-
ry of the Jodhpur
Royal Family.
Fiona BouvierFiona BouvierFiona BouvierFiona Bouvier
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The Umaid Bhawan PalaceThe Umaid Bhawan PalaceThe Umaid Bhawan PalaceThe Umaid Bhawan Palace
This palace, built from 1927 to 1944. It’s one of biggest residences in the world. It’s located in Jodhpur in In-dia and it has 347 rooms and was formely the Jodh-pur royal family’s residence.
A tower of the Girivilas palace
The Umaid Bhawan Palace.
The palace Udai Kothi is a hotel. It is situated in Udaipur in Rajas-tan, India. It is situated in
front of the lake
Pichola.
The palace Udai
Kothi is a little pa-
lace, the three
floors are white .
Océane Cristina Océane Cristina Océane Cristina Océane Cristina
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Udai Kothi PalaceUdai Kothi PalaceUdai Kothi PalaceUdai Kothi Palace
After the cons-truction, the ma-haradja gave his name to the pala-ce:” Umed Bahwan palace Kota”. Umed Bhawan is on Kota in India. Umed Bhawan in-cludes : twenty fi-ve rooms inclu-
ding suites, televi-sion with satellite chanels, a bar, te-lephones, Indian and Chinese cuisi-ne, a jogging trail, abadminton court, c r o q u e t a n d chess. Vanina PallatinVanina PallatinVanina PallatinVanina Pallatin 4°D4°D4°D4°D
Umed Bhawan palace kotaUmed Bhawan palace kotaUmed Bhawan palace kotaUmed Bhawan palace kota
Historrically, the maharadja was li-ving in a fortress in the heart of the village. But he wanted a modern palace. Umed bha-wan brought the pink and white marble from Italy to the floor.
Page 10
Palace Udai Kothi
The outside of the palace
A big part of the palace was trans-formed in a mu-seum in 1968. It is divised in a
lot of parts where
there are wea-
pons of warriors,
costumes, statues
and paintings.
Nguyen LauraNguyen LauraNguyen LauraNguyen Laura 4°D4°D4°D4°D
Fateh Prackesh Palace, in ChittorgarhFateh Prackesh Palace, in ChittorgarhFateh Prackesh Palace, in ChittorgarhFateh Prackesh Palace, in Chittorgarh
This is the facade of the Fateh
Page 11
The British Raj The British Raj The British Raj The British Raj
This company had a lot of influence : it was created in 1600, on the whole continent. It was the first european com-pany. Its aim was to con-quer « India » and Hong-Kong and Singapour to dominate trade in Asia.
It had developed the monopoly of trade in India thanks to queen Elisabeth I .
The British East India CompanyThe British East India CompanyThe British East India CompanyThe British East India Company
The map of India with British East India Company
Audrey Enrico 4°DAudrey Enrico 4°DAudrey Enrico 4°DAudrey Enrico 4°D
India is an active and trading coun-try. During the Raj , the British built British tra-ding posts. These cities were next to the sea: Madras , Bombay , Calcut-ta. They exported by sea a lot of Tea , cotton and
textile to Europe and to the world. The British empire has developped trade in India. Now, India is inde-pendant and its is still develloping.
Guillaume BollardGuillaume BollardGuillaume BollardGuillaume Bollard 4°C4°C4°C4°C
British Trading posts in IndiaBritish Trading posts in IndiaBritish Trading posts in IndiaBritish Trading posts in India
A map of India
Page 12
were a lot of prob-lems in India. The system of gov-
ernance of India
began in 1858 and
was transferred to
Queen Victoria.
The system of
Governance
stopped on au-
gust, 15th 1947. It
was the end of the
British Raj.
During the British
Raj, there were a
lot of fights and a
lot of people died
in India. It was the
most horrible fight
in India.
The British RajThe British RajThe British RajThe British Raj
The British raj is the name given to the period when the British gov-erned and fought the Indians. The British Raj lasted from 1858 to 1947. During this period, the Indians were not free and there
During the British Raj, the indians had to work hard.
Matis Granger 4°CMatis Granger 4°CMatis Granger 4°CMatis Granger 4°C
1877 to 1901. She was the daugther of Georges III. Her reign was marked by a great expan-sion of the British Empire : the RAJ.
Empress of India was a title given to the queen Vic-
Victoria was a queen who reigned over the United Kingdom, Great Britain and Ireland from 1837 to 1901. She was the first Empress of India during the British RAJ from
toria in 1877.
Queen Victoria was a beautiful and powerfulwo-man. She had pa-laces, and a royal coach.
Queen victoriaQueen victoriaQueen victoriaQueen victoria
Queen Victoria
Victor Grosse 4°DVictor Grosse 4°DVictor Grosse 4°DVictor Grosse 4°D
Page 13
M o u n t b a t t e n : (1900-1979) He was famous because he was the last vice-roy of India and the first general governor of independent In-dia. - Lord Canning: (1812-1862)
He was a general gover-nor from 1856 to 1862 and he was the first vice-roy of India on Novem-ber 1st 1858. - Lord John Lawrence: (1811-1879) He was a Brit-ish statesman but he was a viceroy from 1864 to 1869.
ViceViceViceVice----roysroysroysroys
The office of Vice-roys created in 1773, was the high-est office adminis-trative. The vice-roy were the most powerful man in the world. Examples of vice-roy: -L ord L ou is
Lord Louis Mountbatten
started after the arrival of the Bri-tish East India Compagny, in 1600. It exported a lot of objects in the 18th century. The British ex-ploited coal mines and iron, produc-
Before the Raj, there was the E a s t I n d i a Conpagny. It tra-ded cotton, silk, indigo dye, salpe-tre, tea and opium. Trade betwen In-dia and England
ted tea, coffee, and they built railways. The British sold them in ex-change of manufactury arti-cles. The trade was unfair. The British became richer whereas the Indians became poorer. Adélie BreuilAdélie BreuilAdélie BreuilAdélie Breuil 4°D4°D4°D4°D
Trade beetwen the Indians and the BritishTrade beetwen the Indians and the BritishTrade beetwen the Indians and the BritishTrade beetwen the Indians and the British
Page 14
Influences of Britain on India Influences of Britain on India Influences of Britain on India Influences of Britain on India
police. The British were offi-cers whereas the Indians had to lis-tento their orders. People were
afraid, scared,
and frightened by
the new police be-
cause it was vio-
lent.
Adélie BreuilAdélie BreuilAdélie BreuilAdélie Breuil
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The policeThe policeThe policeThe police
The Imperial Poli-ce became the new police in 1861. It was created by the British, it re-placed the zamin-dars traditional police. There were British and Indians in this
They are British officers of Indians Impérial Police.
In India, there are a
lot of language :
Hindi, Bengali,
Gudjara t i . . . . and
English. Indians
often speak en-
glish because it is
a official language.
English is used
every day by many
people in the of
country and in
different jobs: ad-
m i n i s t r a t i o n ,
school, hopital…
Anaïs CheninAnaïs CheninAnaïs CheninAnaïs Chenin
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The languageThe languageThe languageThe language
Map of diffe-rents langua-ges, in India
India has been a british colony until 1947. The British have imposed their culture in this country. Great Britain has installed the sa-me political sys-tem as the Police by exemple.
Moreover the
British have bor-
rowed customs,
like the tradition
of tea or the tex-
tile industry, art,
architecture, kit-
chen, monu-
ments ... from the
Indians.
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
English flag
Indian flag
Océane CristinaOcéane CristinaOcéane CristinaOcéane Cristina
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Page 15
On January 28th, 1882, Major E. Baring, a member of the General Government of In-dia in Council de-cided to open the phone lines to the population and
With the English, the Indian govern-ment decided to install telephone lines in 1881 in the cities of Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai (Madras) and Ahmadabad.
the number of subscribers was 93 persons.
Bombay has also witnessed the opening of tele-phone lines.
The influence of communications in IndiaThe influence of communications in IndiaThe influence of communications in IndiaThe influence of communications in India
Telephone lines in India Matis Granger 4°CMatis Granger 4°CMatis Granger 4°CMatis Granger 4°C
The Indian penal code in 1860 was created by the British (Indian Empire) but it has many particulari-ties .
It is a compromise from : -a less important court -the civil court -the district court -the high court.
The penal codeThe penal codeThe penal codeThe penal code
map of British India
Gay Alexis Gay Alexis Gay Alexis Gay Alexis
4°D4°D4°D4°D
Page 16
girls) -leather shoes -white sockes The leather shoes
were compulsary
during the British
colonization.
In India, the wo-men get married in red because red means love. Green :harmony Blue: vitality Orange: optimism White: purity Black: ill intuition
Uniforms and the color codeUniforms and the color codeUniforms and the color codeUniforms and the color code
The British colo-nization in India, made changes on some uniforms, like the uniforms of schoolboys: -white shirt -ties -shorts(for the boys) -skirts(for the
Schoolboys in uniforms Laura Nguyen 4°DLaura Nguyen 4°DLaura Nguyen 4°DLaura Nguyen 4°D
home made of wood with a roof of thatch, then, it was expanded to become a real house built on a bedrock. Now, it is usually equipped with a big veran-da. At the 19 cen-
In India, there are many Victorian houses, bunga-lows and veran-das. They are the
vestiges of the En-glish domination. At the origin, the bungalow was a small traditional
tury, the English colons built bun-galow for their ho-lidays. “Bungalow” co-
mes from the Hin-
di “bangala or
bangla” it means
“which has a link
to the Bengal ».
The houses: bungalows and verandasThe houses: bungalows and verandasThe houses: bungalows and verandasThe houses: bungalows and verandas
An indian bungalow and
its veranda
Emeline FasolatoEmeline FasolatoEmeline FasolatoEmeline Fasolato 4°C4°C4°C4°C
In India, school is important but a lot of pupils can't go. In India, school begins in July and finishes in May. The chil-dren are on holi-days from May to June because it is too hot to work. They go to school
between 7.00 a.m and 8.00 a.m until 13.30 p.m. First, they learn how to read and write in their native lan-guage. Early, they learn English be-cause India is an old british colony. English is the most spoken lan-
guage in the world. In a class, there are 40 pu-pils. A lot of children can't go even if school is compul-sory. These chil-dren must work to help their family because their pa-rents have not enough money
The Indians school systemThe Indians school systemThe Indians school systemThe Indians school system
Indians pupils in a class : uniforms are compulsory like in
England
Audrey EnricoAudrey EnricoAudrey EnricoAudrey Enrico 4°C4°C4°C4°C
Page 17
The English inven-tion of new technolo-gy were introduced in India. Roads and Railwys:Roads and Railwys:Roads and Railwys:Roads and Railwys: The British improved and built more roads. In 1853, they moder-nized the postal sys-tem and started the telegraph. Thanks to better roads and communication, they
could send their goods to all parts of India and carry the raw materials they needed.
Trains :Trains :Trains :Trains : India was the favou-rite of the English colons : they wanted to bring the latest innovation in trans-portation (the steam train).
Take the train in India, it’s an adventure… Indians love traveling to visit their country. Trains are always late ! S t e a m b o a t :S t e a m b o a t :S t e a m b o a t :S t e a m b o a t : Inthe 50's new steamers full of goods appeared on the river.
Boileau OphélieBoileau OphélieBoileau OphélieBoileau Ophélie
4°D.4°D.4°D.4°D.
Transport in IndiaTransport in IndiaTransport in IndiaTransport in India
A stream train blue, red and yel-low.
merchants were very rich but they became even richer with India. The British im-ported the cotton from India to pro-duce tissues of good qualities and cheaper than
Great-Britain was very rich in the XVIth century. But the Industrial Revo-lution changed their life from 1750 to 1850. The industry manu-factures changed. Manufacturers and
Indian tissues. The Indian trade remained in Brit-ain is that the British have ru-ined a lot of In-dian textile Indus-tries. Pallatin VaninaPallatin VaninaPallatin VaninaPallatin Vanina 4°D4°D4°D4°D
TradeTradeTradeTrade
An Indian tissue
The most impor-tant building of the Raj is the cita-del of William and Victoria Me-morial . The English built buildings to show their power .
The English have left a lot of buil-dings because In-dia was a British colony . They began to built factory, schools and chur-ches .
It is in Calcutta,
the first capital of
British Raj, that
one can see the
most important
buildings .
The monumentsThe monumentsThe monumentsThe monuments
Saint Paul's Cathedral
Mathilde Jacquier 4°DMathilde Jacquier 4°DMathilde Jacquier 4°DMathilde Jacquier 4°D
Page 18
Influences of India on Britain Influences of India on Britain Influences of India on Britain Influences of India on Britain
Rich Indians sent their sons to pub-lic British schools and universities. In the 1920’s, Sikhs moved into the East End of Lon-don. The first In-dian restaurant opened in Leices-ter Square during
this time. Joshua Hugot Joshua Hugot Joshua Hugot Joshua Hugot 4°D4°D4°D4°D
Indians immigrations to BritainIndians immigrations to BritainIndians immigrations to BritainIndians immigrations to Britain
In the 20th cen-tury, lots of Southern Asians went to live in London. There were sailors, ser-vants, merchants, doctors, lawyers and students that went to Great Brit-ain.
Brick Lane, a street where a lot of In-dians live in London
they belonged to the British Empi-re. Their help was material. Then, the Indians participed again in World War2, but they were mo-re important be-cause their help was military.
There were 7 762
dead soldiers for
the World War 1
and 18 215 for the
World War 2.
Fiona Bouvier Fiona Bouvier Fiona Bouvier Fiona Bouvier
4°C4°C4°C4°C
The participation in the World WarsThe participation in the World WarsThe participation in the World WarsThe participation in the World Wars
The participation in the World Wars is an important period for the In-dians because this had led to the independence of India. The Indians parti-ciped in World War 1 because
The Indians during the War.
cotton produc-tion, plantations, natural resour-ces.... India also produ-
ces a third of its
electricity with
coal energy since
its colonization
by England. And
Thanks to the co-lonisation of In-dia, England got rich. But India got poor at the same time. England took all the natural riches of India to deve-lop its economy :
now it is a very
big ecological
problem for our
planet.
Loïs Bourland Loïs Bourland Loïs Bourland Loïs Bourland
4°D4°D4°D4°D
Disadvantages of colonization of India by EnglandDisadvantages of colonization of India by EnglandDisadvantages of colonization of India by EnglandDisadvantages of colonization of India by England
Plantations in India
The culinary his-tory of England is connected with In-dian curry. In the 18th century, a private army conquered India: it was the British East company. They imported
lots of objects and
ideas in England
(example: Tea, coffee,
sugar, rice, spices...)
Some English-Indian dishes : -The Curry: Dish with chicken or vegetables and with curry. The chicken Tikka Masala: Dish with the chicken
and curry sauce.
Page 19
Influence of India on the English foodInfluence of India on the English foodInfluence of India on the English foodInfluence of India on the English food
Joanna RemyJoanna RemyJoanna RemyJoanna Remy 4°D4°D4°D4°D
Spices
Clothes : Clothes : Clothes : Clothes : Pyjamas Bandana Foods:Foods:Foods:Foods: Sugar Tapioca Curry Punch
Plants : Plants : Plants : Plants : Patchouli Vetiver Betel Camphor Jungle Buildings :Buildings :Buildings :Buildings : Bungalow Pagoda
English wordsEnglish wordsEnglish wordsEnglish words
The next words are in English and come from the In-dian language. The reason of this is explained be-cause of the colo-nisation of India by the British .
The Hindi alphabet
Lucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°D
was passionate about tea. To drink tea, she invi-ted friends. In the next centu-
ries, tea invaded
England; the Bri-
tish exported a lot
of objects (tea, su-
gar…). But just
rich families could
buy it because it
was very expensi-
ve. These rich fa-
milies liked drin-
king tea with ca-
kes.
Tea.Tea.Tea.Tea.
Tea was Chinese and Indian. It arrived in Euro-pe in the XVII cen-tury and in En-gland in 1656 be-cause of the Dutch. In 1662, the new queen of En-gland “Catherine de Bragance »
These rich families li-ked drinking tea with cakes. Pisteur Marine 4°DPisteur Marine 4°DPisteur Marine 4°DPisteur Marine 4°D
Page 20
Neasden Temple ( or the Swamina-rayan Mandir London) is the first Hindu temple in Europe. It was built by Swami Maharaj Pramukh, in Au-gust 1992 during five years, with traditional me-thods and mate-
rials. To built the tem-ple, he used 2,828 tons of Bulgarian limestone and 2,000 tons of Ita-lian marble trans-ported in India and sculpted by 1526 sculptors. It is composed of
a Mandir and a
Haveli (in timber).
Neasden TempleNeasden TempleNeasden TempleNeasden Temple
The Neasden Temple
Details of the Neasden Temple
Léa Maïnas 4°CLéa Maïnas 4°CLéa Maïnas 4°CLéa Maïnas 4°C
This style belongs to the 19th century. It’s Brighton pa-It’s Brighton pa-It’s Brighton pa-It’s Brighton pa-vilionvilionvilionvilion The palace has a lot of columns and windows. This is an indian
Brighton pavillionBrighton pavillionBrighton pavillionBrighton pavillion
Brighton Pavilion is a royal building in Brighton, in England. It was built in 1787, for the Prince of Wales. It is built in t h e I n d o -Saracenic style.
Brighton pavillion
style because the-re are windows on the roof. Victor GrosseVictor GrosseVictor GrosseVictor Grosse 4°D4°D4°D4°D
MusicMusicMusicMusic : India ins-pired a lot of wes-tern musicians as the Beatles and Paul Mc Cartney. ArtArtArtArt : A lot of pain-tings of indians ar-tist are at the Royal court in London.
ArchitectureArchitectureArchitectureArchitecture : The Brighton pavilion in the United King-dom was built in an exotical style in the XIXème centu-ry. It was built in the style of the indian palaces.
The indian emprint in Great BritainThe indian emprint in Great BritainThe indian emprint in Great BritainThe indian emprint in Great Britain : in the : in the : in the : in the artistic field.artistic field.artistic field.artistic field.
Painting of Raja Ravi Varma
Brighton pavilion
Margot Viquerat 4°DMargot Viquerat 4°DMargot Viquerat 4°DMargot Viquerat 4°D
Page 21
Cricket is a sport with two teams of eleven players. It's not known in France but it is popular in India. In this cuntry , millions of fans watch matches of their national
team which was the world cham-pion in 1983. BOLLARD BOLLARD BOLLARD BOLLARD
Guilaume 4 DGuilaume 4 DGuilaume 4 DGuilaume 4 D
cricketcricketcricketcricket
The Indians love cricket !
When the British governed India they took some things like yoga.
Yoga is a
traditional physi-cal and mental discipline. It co-mes from different religions like
Buddhism, Hin-duism.
The British loved yoga and they imported this because the yoga stresses less.
Jacquin Marie 4°D Jacquin Marie 4°D Jacquin Marie 4°D Jacquin Marie 4°D
A girl practises yoga
yogayogayogayoga
between 400 000 and 550 000 peo-ple. Today, there are about 140 Hindu temples in the country.
When the Indians came in Great Britain, they left tracks of their re-ligions. The first Hindu temple was built in London in 1962. In the Hindu com-munity, there are
The religionsThe religionsThe religionsThe religions
The reli-gions in In-dia
Laquaz Laquaz Laquaz Laquaz Sarah 4°DSarah 4°DSarah 4°DSarah 4°D
Page 22
Gandhi was born
on October
2nd 1869 .
He got married at
13 years old
with Kastura Mak-handji and he had 4 children when he was 18 years old. In India, salt is important, so Gandhi organi-
zed a march to the sea . (= the salt march ).
Gandhi led natio-nal campaign for-for poor men, for the liberation of the Indian women, and the Swaraj or the independence of India .Gandhi is probably, the most
important person, who positively m a r k e d t h i s world . Gandhi was shot by Na-thuram Godse on January, 30th 1948 .
GandhiGandhiGandhiGandhi
Gandhi Mathilde Jacquier 4°DMathilde Jacquier 4°DMathilde Jacquier 4°DMathilde Jacquier 4°D
Between 1921 and 1940, he was im-prisoned during ten years, by the British. In 1947, he was the prime minister of India . In 1916, he met Gandhi. Nehru is an im-
portant leader of India. He is Indira Gan-dhi’s dad. Nehru fought for the independence of India. Margot ViqueratMargot ViqueratMargot ViqueratMargot Viquerat 4°D4°D4°D4°D
NehruNehruNehruNehru
Nehru was born on November 14th , 1889. He died on may 27th , 1964. He studied in England, in the middle school of Harrow and at Cambridge’s Uni-versity.
Nehru : the prime min-ister of India in 1947
The Indian were prepared to die but they were not prepared to kill, whereas the Brit-ish were pre-pared to im-prison, torture and kill. The Brit-
During India’s struggle for inde-pendence, Gan-dhi noted that when India ob-tained its free-dom, no other country remained a slave.
The non violent fight for independenceThe non violent fight for independenceThe non violent fight for independenceThe non violent fight for independence Ophélie BoileauOphélie BoileauOphélie BoileauOphélie Boileau 4°D4°D4°D4°D
ish were active a n d c r u e l whereas the In-dian were ac-tive but not cruel.
There are gandhi
The fight for independenceThe fight for independenceThe fight for independenceThe fight for independence
Page 23
In 1892, at the age of 16, he went to En-gland where he obtai-ned his law diploma and he returned to Bombay in 1896;
Jinnah was an In-dian-Muslim politician and he was a leader of the Muslim-line. For the
independence of India in 1916, Jinnah was a founder and the first governor of Pakistan.
Jinnah had other names in Pakistan: -Quaid-e-Azam (“grand leader”) -Baba-e-Qaum (“father of the nation”)
Muhammad Ali JinnahMuhammad Ali JinnahMuhammad Ali JinnahMuhammad Ali Jinnah Muhammad
Ali Jinnah was born on December 25th 1876 and he died on Septem-ber 11th 1948 at the age of 71 because of tuberculosis. He had 6 brother and sisters.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Joanna Remi 4°DJoanna Remi 4°DJoanna Remi 4°DJoanna Remi 4°D
cation of Rowlatt law. On that day, a great proportion of the 350 million Ind ians s top working. They stayed at home, they prayed and fasted. The coun-try was stuck to
Gandhi asked people to demon-strate in the whole country and to stop activity. The d e m o n s t r a t i o n was an enormous success. The 6 April 1919 is the date of appli-
the great dis-pleasure of the British. Sarah LaquazSarah LaquazSarah LaquazSarah Laquaz 4°D4°D4°D4°D
The General Strike in IndiaThe General Strike in IndiaThe General Strike in IndiaThe General Strike in India
the Bagh .The sol-diers fired for more then 10 minutes (shot 1650 bullets) .This event was horrible because only un-armed Indians were killed. There were more than 400 deaths, and another 1200 were left wounded . The In-
This event happened on a Sunday after-noon. It was the 13th of April 1919 .There were 10000 unarmed Indi-ans ;men, children women and babies were killed. To start ,it was in Amrit-sar’s Jallianwala Bagh .Then 50 British soldiers came into
dian’s problem was that the bagh only had 2 en-tries. The English sol-diers were posted at one entry and the other entry was a gate. But again there was another problem : the gate was locked.
The slaughter in AmritsarThe slaughter in AmritsarThe slaughter in AmritsarThe slaughter in Amritsar
Joshua Hugo 4°DJoshua Hugo 4°DJoshua Hugo 4°DJoshua Hugo 4°D
The slaughter
A strike in the whole country
Page 24 The History of India :
Salt is important to preserve food. On March 12th 1930, Gandhi started the Salt March, in Gu-jarat. He arrived on April 6th, in Dandi. About 79 people walked with Gand-hi. They walked about 236 miles. Gandhi began the
Salt March when he was 61 years old. Before the revolt, it was forbidden to produce, to sell, to buy the salt be-cause the British controlled this. After this action, Gandhi went to jail for 9 months. Af-ter the Salt March,
everybody in India produced his own salt. The police couldn't send everybody to jail. Then the viceroy allo-wed the harvesting of s a l t . The Salt march was a sort of non – violent resistance for indepen-
dence. Lucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°DLucie Bodennec 4°D
The salt marchThe salt marchThe salt marchThe salt march
Gandhi taking salt, in Dandi
cruel. Gandhi organized a boycott of im-ported clothes . A lot of British were unemployed b e c a u s e t h e boycott was really important for the British economy.
This helped to gain the indepen-dence of India. Fiona BouvierFiona BouvierFiona BouvierFiona Bouvier 4°C4°C4°C4°C
The Boycott of British productsThe Boycott of British productsThe Boycott of British productsThe Boycott of British products
Britain controlled India. The Indians wanted to be inde-pendent but the British were op-posed to that. War was declared. The British were cruel and brutal whereas the In-dians were not
Gandhi organized the Boycott with a lot of Indians.
Gandhi was as-sassinated by a Hindu extremist. The same year, Indians created a new country: Pa-kistan. But, a lot of Muslims lived in India and a lot of people moved from India to Pa-kistan and some didn’t survive du-
ring the exodus. 6 million Muslims moved to The North-West and North-East (to Pakistan) and 9 million Hindus and Sikhs ran away to the South (to India). In 1971, a part of Pakistan,
in North- East of India, be-
came Bangladesh. A new
conflict began, between
different religions.
ReligionsReligionsReligionsReligions
India has got 4 re-ligions: Hindus (81%), Muslims, Buddhists and Sikhs. In 1947 after the acceptance of in-dependence, Hin-dus and Muslims fought, because, Muslims wanted a country for them-selves .In 1948,
India in 1971: Pakistan: a Muslim country. India: a Hindu country.
Marine PisteurMarine PisteurMarine PisteurMarine Pisteur 4°D4°D4°D4°D
After World War II, in 1947, the Mu-slims wanted a region for them-selves, they didn't accept to live with Hindus. But Gandhi and the other leaders were opposed to Partition. But there was a lot of violence, and they accepted.
Pakistan was created in two parts: in the North-West and the North-East of India. In 1971, there was again violence between the Mu-slims and the Hindus in Pakis-tan. India wanted Pa-
kistan to create an in-dependant region : Bangladesh. Pakistan accepted and Bangladesh was created in the North-East of Pakistan. But Partition created a lot of problems, for example in Kashmir. Léa MaïnasLéa MaïnasLéa MaïnasLéa Maïnas 4°C4°C4°C4°C
The Partition of IndiaThe Partition of IndiaThe Partition of IndiaThe Partition of India
The Partition of In-dia, in 1947.
Page 25
Page 26
Independance Day, was on 15 August 1947. Everybody was happy after the British decoloniza-tion. The people we-re in the street to ce-lebrate Independen-ce Day. But, after the Inde-pendance, there we-re two new coun-tries : Pakistan and India.
I n d e p e n d a n c e created a lot of fights between In-dia and Pakistan. And today, Pakis-tan and India fight. A new flag was created for India, the new flag was a symbol of the In-dependence of In-dia.
Anaïs CheninAnaïs CheninAnaïs CheninAnaïs Chenin 4°D4°D4°D4°D
Independence DayIndependence DayIndependence DayIndependence Day
The Partition of India
Page 27
Some days before the independence, the “Constituent Constituent Constituent Constituent AssemblyAssemblyAssemblyAssembly” was created to imagine the flag. In the flag there are three strips of the same width. The first is
The new flag was adopted on 22 July 1947 just before the independence day. The Indians wanted to make a flag because it’s a powerful symbol for independence.
saffron, the sec-ond is white with the chakra in the middle and the third in green.
The new flagThe new flagThe new flagThe new flag
The new flag in India
Marie Jacquin 4°DMarie Jacquin 4°DMarie Jacquin 4°DMarie Jacquin 4°D
« Jammu and Kash-mir » is a region of India but it was a princely state in In-dia. Its capital is Sri-nagar. Urdu is the official language but 80 per cent of the inhabi-tants speak Kashmiri. The inhabitants of Kashmir are the Kashmiris. The main religion is Islam but there are Hindus too.
Before the partition of India (1947), Kash-mir was independent and it was governed by the maharaja Hari Singh. Then, Pakistan wanted to govern Kashmir, but Hari Singh wanted to stay autonomous. So he asked India for help. Indians helped the Kashmiris. Now, Pakistan and India are fighting whereas Kashmir protests for
its independence. For over 60 years, there have been a lot of prob-lems: there are deaths, disappearances, or-p h a n s , d es t r o y e d houses, lootings, wars… Now India governs a half of Kashmir and Pakistan governs another half.
The situation in Kashmir nowThe situation in Kashmir nowThe situation in Kashmir nowThe situation in Kashmir now
A map of India and Jammu and Kashmir
Emeline Fasolato 4°CEmeline Fasolato 4°CEmeline Fasolato 4°CEmeline Fasolato 4°C
BODENNEC Lucie, 4°D
BOILEAU Ophélie, 4°D
BOLLARD Guillaume, 4°C
BOURLAND Loïs, 4°D
BOUVIER Fiona, 4°C
BREUIL Adélie, 4°D
CHENIN Anaïs, 4°D
CRISTINA Océane, 4°C
ENRICO Audrey, 4°C
FASOLATO Emeline, 4°C
GAY Alexis, 4°D
GRANGER Matis, 4°C
GROSSE Victor, 4°D
HUGOT Joshua, 4°D
JACQUIER Mathilde, 4°D
JACQUIN Marie, 4°D
LAQUAZ Sarah 4°D
MAÏNAS Léa, 4°C
NGUYEN Laura, 4°D
PALLATIN Vanina, 4°D
PISTEUR Marine, 4°D
REMY Joanna, 4°D
VALEMBOIS Ange, 4°D
VIQUERAT Margot, 4°D
With Mrs VESIN
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