Transcript
Mr. Kevin LamDirector of Airport Infrastructure & Air Navigation
Civil Aviation Authority of Macao SAR
4th China & Portuguese Speaking Countries Airports Conference –
Macau 201325.09.13
Implementation of
Performance Based
Navigation
procedures
Macao Approach
PBN is a framework for defining performancerequirements for aircraft operating along an airroute, on an instrument approach or in a designatedairspace.
What is PBN?
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Through the application of Area Navigation (RNAV)and Required Navigation Performance (RNP)specifications, PBN provides a basis for the designand implementation of automated, optimized andenvironmental friendly flight paths as well as anenabler for efficient airspace design and refinedprotection against terrain.
What is PBN?
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What is RNAV?
Area navigation (RNAV) is a method of instrumentflight rules (IFR) navigation that allows an aircraftto choose any course within a network ofnavigation beacons, rather than navigating directlyto and from the beacons. This can conserve flightdistance, reduce congestion, and allow flights intoairports without beacons.
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What is RNP?
Required navigation performance (RNP) is a type ofperformance-based navigation (PBN) that allows anaircraft to fly a specific path between two 3D-defined points in space.
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RNAV & RNP
RNAV and RNP systems are fundamentally similar.
The key difference between RNAV and RNP is therequirement for on-board performance monitoringand alerting.
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Regional and International
Cooperation
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ICAO Assembly Resolution
(A36‐23)
The 36th Session of the ICAO Assembly adopted aResolution (A36‐23) to resolve that States andPlanning and Implementation Regional Groups(PIRGs) should have in place a PBN implementationplan by 2009 to achieve :
1) implementation of RNAV and RNP operations (whererequired) for en‐route and terminal areas according toestablished timelines and intermediate milestones; and
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2) implementation of approach procedures with verticalguidance (APV) (through barometric vertical navigation(Baro‐VNAV) and/or augmented Global NavigationSatellite System (GNSS)) for all instrument runway ends,either as the primary approach or as a back‐up forprecision approach by 2016 with intermediate milestonesas follows: 30% by 2010, 70% by 2014.
ICAO Assembly Resolution
(A36‐23)
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ICAO Assembly Resolution
(A37-11)
The 37th Session of the ICAO Assembly adopted aResolution (A37-11) to resolve that States complete aPBN implementation plan as a matter of urgency toachieve:
1) implementation of RNAV and RNP operations (whererequired) for en route and terminal areas according toestablished timelines and intermediate milestones;
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2) implementation of approach procedures with verticalguidance (APV) (Baro-VNAV and/or augmented GNSS),including LNAV-only minima, for all instrument runwayends, either as the primary approach or as a back-up forprecision approach by 2016 with intermediatemilestones as follows: 30 per cent by 2010, 70 per centby 2014; and
ICAO Assembly Resolution
(A37-11)
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3) implementation of straight-in LNAV-only procedures,as an exception to 2) above, for instrument runways ataerodromes where there is no local altimeter settingavailable and where there are no aircraft suitablyequipped for APV operations with a maximumcertificated take-off mass of 5 700 kg or more.
ICAO Assembly Resolution
(A37-11)
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APAC Regional PBN Implementation
Plan - Medium Term (2013-2016)
Airspace Preferred Nav. Specification Acceptable Nav.Specification
Route – Oceanic RNP 2**, RNP 4 RNAV 10
Route – Remote continental
RNP 2 RNAV 2, RNP 4, RNAV 10
Route – Continental en-route
RNAV 1, RNP 2 RNAV 2, RNAV 5
TMA – Arrival Expand RNAV 1 or RNP 1application
TMA – Departure Expand RNAV 1 or RNP 1application
Approach Expansion of RNP APCH (withBaro-VNAV) and APV
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Regional Cooperation
APAC PBN Task Force
to harmonize the Regional PBN Implementation inAPAC, Macao has participated in the Task Forcemeeting since early 2010.
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ICAO Flight Procedure Programme (FPP) Office
act as active participant: Macao has supported theAPAC FPP Office since Mar 2010.
3 collegues from Macao were trained in the proceduredesign course.
Regional Cooperation
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Macao PBN Procedure Design
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PBN Procedure Team
On 01 Jun 2012, Macao International Airport PBNProcedures Team was set up.
The members of the team consisted of:
5 members from AACM
(ATC, AIS, Airworthiness & Flight Standards)
1 member from CAM
2 members from ADA (ATC)
2 members from Air Macau
(Flight OPS and Airworthiness)
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PBN Procedure Design Process
The PBN procedure design task was undertaken byCAM.
The MIA PBN flight procedures design projectbetween ADA and Shanghai CAAC New Era AirportDesign & Research Institute Co. Ltd was signed on26 Sep 2012.
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The MIA PBN procedures take-off meeting was heldon 15 Oct 2012 between AACM, CAM, ADA, AirMacau, HKCAD, ATMB Guangzhou, CAAC Middleand Southern Regional Administration and NewEra.
PBN Procedure Design Process
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Navaid Infrastructure
GNSS
Navigation Specification:
Basic-RNP 1 (SID and STAR)
RNP APCH
The new PBN procedures will be overlaid on theexisting conventional procedures.
PBN Procedure Design Process
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AACM, CAM, ADA, Air Macau, ATMB Guangzhou,CAAC Middle and Southern RegionalAdministration and New Era used A320 simulator atZhuhai Flight Training Center to validate the PBNprocedures on 05 Jan 2013.
PBN Procedure Design Process
Flight crew from AirMacau conducted theflight simulation.
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On 07 and 08 Mar 2013, the on-site flight validationwas performed by the CAAC FIC Flight Check Team.
The waypoints and subsequent segments of MIAPBN Procedures meet fly ability, safety, minimumstabilization distance and accuracy requirement.
PBN Procedure Design Process
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On 16 May 2013, the final assessmentmeeting was held in Zhuhai betweenAACM, CAM, ADA, Air Macau, HKCAD, ATMB Guangzhou, CAAC Middleand Southern RegionalAdministration and New Era.
The final report, verification processand contents have been discussed.The meeting adopted the said report.
PBN Procedure Design Process
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CAAC, HKCAD and AACM alsoagreed to publish the saidprocedures and theimplementation date is 19September 2013.
PBN Procedure Design Process
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Arrival
Departure
Missed
Approach
PBN Procedure Design Process
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In consideration that some air operators mighthave practical problems in obtaining the Basic-RNP1 approval for their fleet before the aforesaideffective date, the conventional flight proceduresusing ground-based Navaids at MIA will be retainedfor a considerable period of time.
The conventional flight procedures transiting HongKong FIR are planned to be removed in one yearafter the post implementation review.
PBN Procedure Design Process
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PBN readiness of
Macao Registered Aircraft
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Operation requirement
The operation requirement for PBN approval hasbeen established since Nov 2011.
AERONAUTICAL CIRCULAR- AC/OPS/022R00 -Operation in Performance-based Navigation (PBN)Prescribed Airspace
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PBN readiness of Macao
Registered Aircraft
There are 20 Macao registered aircraft as of Sep 2013.
Aircraft Type Number
Airbus A319 5
Airbus A320 2
Airbus A321 7
Hawker 2
CANADAIR 2
FALCON 2000 1
FALCON 2000LX 19/30/2013
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PBN Approval Status
100.00% 100.00%
75.00%
70.00%
100.00% 100.00%
100.00%100.00%
100.00% 100.00%
16.67%
0.00%
RNAV 10 RNAV 5 RNAV 1 Basic RNP 1
All
Local Airline
Private Aircraft
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Challenge for PBN
Implementation in Macao
There is a need to harmonize the Macao ATZ, HongKong FIR and Guangzhou FIR implementation planand operation issues.
Private aircraft operators and foreign airlineoperators might have practical problems inobtaining the Basic-RNP1 approval for their fleet.
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Questions & Answers
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THANK YOU
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