Lynn English High School Ms. Mezzetti. 5.1 Explain how evolution is demonstrated by evidence from the fossil record, comparative anatomy, genetics,
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MCAS ReviewEvolution
Lynn English High SchoolMs. Mezzetti
MA Standard 5: Evolution and BiodiversityCentral Concepts: Evolution is the result of genetic changes that occur in constantly changing environments. Over many generations, changes in the genetic make-up of populations may affect biodiversity through speciation and extinction.
5.1 Explain how evolution is demonstrated by evidence from the fossil record, comparative anatomy, genetics, molecular biology, and examples of natural selection.
• Fossils: Remains of plants and animals embedded in rock.
• The Fossil record shows definite changes over time
5.1 Evidence for evolutionComparative Anatomy
• In organisms, analogous structures are similar in function but have different evolutionary origins.
• Homologous structures have a common evolutionary origin.
Homologous
Analogous
Genetic variation contributes to evolution
Molecular biology: Scientists today study proteins and molecules such as DNA to find evolutionary relationships
Examples of Natural Selection
5.2 Describe species as reproductively distinct groups of organisms.
Species: An individual belonging to a group of organisms are capable of mating with one another to produce fertile offspring.
5.2: Recognize that species are further classified into a hierarchical taxonomic system based on morphological, behavioral, and molecular similarities.
5.3: Describe the role that geographic isolation can play in speciation.
Geographic isolation is a term that refers to a population of animals, plants, or other organisms that are separated from exchanging genetic material with other organisms of the same species
5.3: Explain how evolution through natural selection can result in changes in biodiversity through the increase or decrease of genetic diversity within a population.
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