Let’s Review! Renaissance = REBIRTH Time period: 1300 – 1500 Humanism: focused on worldly subjects instead of religious subjects Influenced by.
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Let’s Review! Renaissance = REBIRTH
Time period: 1300 – 1500
Humanism: focused on worldly subjects instead of religious subjects
Influenced by Greek and Roman literature, art, and philosophy
Medieval Medieval ArtArt
No dimensions No dimensions instead flat instead flat
surfacessurfaces
Children look Children look like adultslike adults
Focus is on Focus is on religious topicsreligious topics
Disproportional Disproportional (unbalanced)(unbalanced)
Saint John: Apostle and Evangelist
Renaissance Renaissance ArtArtProportionateProportionate
Still religious, but Still religious, but richrichpeople often paid to people often paid to bebein the paintingin the painting
Secular subjects = Secular subjects = non religiousnon religious
Emphasis on the Emphasis on the human bodyhuman body
Classic subjectsClassic subjects
How does the Renaissance depiction of the Virgin Mary and Baby Jesus differ
from the Medieval depiction?
RenaissanceRenaissanceMiddle AgesMiddle Ages
What Differences Did What Differences Did You Notice?You Notice?
Jesus really looks like a baby
Proportionate to Mary
Mary looks human, not like an angel
Which is Which?Which is Which?Medieval or Medieval or
Renaissance?Renaissance?A. B.
C. D.
E.
F.
Renaissance Art and Renaissance Art and PatronagePatronage
Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art.* Art communicated social, political, and
spiritual values.* Italian banking & international trade
interests had the money.
Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds.
Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!
1. Realism & 1. Realism & ExpressionExpression
Expulsion Expulsion fromfromthe Gardenthe Garden
by Masaccioby Masaccio
14271427
First nudes First nudes sincesinceclassical classical timestimes..
2. Perspective2. Perspective
Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!
Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!
First use First use of linear of linear
perspective!perspective!
Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!Perspective!
The The TrinityTrinity
by by MasaccioMasaccio
14271427
PerspectivePerspective
3. Classicism3. Classicism Greco-Roman
influence.
Secularism: worldly, not religious.
Humanism.
Individualism - free standing figures.
Symmetry/Balance
The The “Classical Pose”“Classical Pose”Medici “Venus” (1c)Medici “Venus” (1c)
4. Emphasis on 4. Emphasis on IndividualismIndividualism Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre:
The Duke & Dutchess of UrbinoThe Duke & Dutchess of Urbino
Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.
5. Geometrical 5. Geometrical Arrangement of FiguresArrangement of Figures
The Dreyfus The Dreyfus Madonna Madonna with the with the PomegranatePomegranate
by Leonardo by Leonardo da Vincida Vinci
14691469
The figure as The figure as architecture!architecture!
6. Light & 6. Light & Shadowing/Softening Shadowing/Softening
EdgesEdges
Strong Strong contrastscontrastsbetween between light andlight and
darkdark
Shading Shading ororblendingblendingso thereso thereare no are no sharpsharpoutlinesoutlines
Lorenzo Lorenzo the Magnificentthe Magnificent
1478 - 15211478 - 1521
Cosimo de Cosimo de MediciMedici
1517 - 15741517 - 1574
Florence Under the Medici Florence Under the Medici FamilyFamily
Medici ChapelMedici ChapelThe Medici PalaceThe Medici Palace
Filippo BrunelleschiFilippo Brunelleschi
Commissioned to build the cathedral dome.- Used unique
architectural concepts.§ He studied
the ancient Pantheon in Rome.
§ Used ribs for support.
Brunelleschi’s DomeBrunelleschi’s Dome
Comparing DomesComparing Domes
Other Famous Other Famous DomesDomes
Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s U.S. capital (Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington D.C.)
The Ideal CityThe Ideal City Piero della Francesca, Piero della Francesca,
14701470
David by David by DonatelloDonatello
14301430
First free-form bronze First free-form bronze statue since Roman statue since Roman times!times!
The Liberation The Liberation of Sculptureof Sculpture
DavidDavid
by by VerrocchioVerrocchio
1473 – 14751473 – 1475(One of his students (One of his students
was Leonardo da was Leonardo da Vinci)Vinci)
The Baptism of ChristThe Baptism of Christ Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475
Leonardo Leonardo da Vincida Vinci
Vitruvian Vitruvian Man Man
Leonardo daLeonardo daVinciVinci
14921492
Blends Blends science and science and artartTheTheL’uomoL’uomo
universaleuniversale(Universal Man)(Universal Man)
The Renaissance “Man”The Renaissance “Man” Has broad knowledge about many
things in different fields.
Deep knowledge/skill in one area.
Able to link information from different areas/disciplines and create new knowledge.
The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Renaissance education.
Self-Portrait Self-Portrait – da Vinci, – da Vinci, 15121512
1452 - 15191452 - 1519
Artist
Sculptor
Architect
Scientist
Engineer
Inventor
Leonardo, Leonardo, the Artistthe Artist
The Virgin The Virgin of the Rocks of the Rocks
Leonardo daLeonardo daVinciVinci
1483-14861483-1486
Leonardo da VinciLeonardo da Vinci Born in 1452
Painter, sculptor, inventor, botanist, musician, architect
Dissected the human body to see how muscles and tendons worked
Sketched submarines and airplane models before they were even invented
Leonardo, the Artist:Leonardo, the Artist:From his From his Notebooks of over Notebooks of over 5000 5000
pages (1508-1519)pages (1508-1519)
Mona LisaMona Lisa
da Vinci, da Vinci, 1503-41503-4
Her identity was determined in 2005: Lisa del Giocondo, wife of a wealthy Florentine merchant.
Her enigmatic (mysterious) smile continues to puzzle onlookers.
It currently hangs in the Louvre Museum in Paris.
Mona LisaMona Lisa OROR da da Vinci??Vinci??
• It is displayed in a purpose-built, climate-controlled enclosure behind bulletproof glass.
* About 6 million people view the painting at the Louvre each year.
• It is displayed in a purpose-built, climate-controlled enclosure behind bulletproof glass.
* About 6 million people view the painting at the Louvre each year.
Renaissance HumorRenaissance Humor
The Last Supper The Last Supper - da Vinci, - da Vinci, 14981498
& Geometry& Geometry
horizontal
vert
ical
PerspectivPerspective!e!
The Last Supper The Last Supper - da Vinci, - da Vinci, 14981498
Detail of Detail of JesusJesus
The Last The Last SupperSupper
Leonardo Leonardo da Vincida Vinci
14981498
DeterioratiDeteriorationon
A Da Vinci “Code”:A Da Vinci “Code”:St. John St. John oror Mary Magdalene? Mary Magdalene?
Leonardo, the SculptorLeonardo, the Sculptor
An An Equestrian Equestrian StatueStatue
1516-15181516-1518
Leonardo, the Architect:Leonardo, the Architect:Pages from his Pages from his NotebookNotebook
Study of a Study of a central central church.church.
14881488
Leonardo, the Architect:Leonardo, the Architect:Pages from his Pages from his NotebookNotebook
Plan of the city of Imola, 1502.Plan of the city of Imola, 1502.
Leonardo, the Scientist Leonardo, the Scientist (Biology):(Biology):Pages from his Pages from his NotebookNotebook
An example of An example of the humanist the humanist desire to desire to unlock the unlock the secrets of secrets of nature.nature.
Leonardo, the Scientist Leonardo, the Scientist (Anatomy): (Anatomy):
Pages from his Pages from his NotebookNotebook
Leonardo, the Leonardo, the Inventor:Inventor:
Pages from his Pages from his NotebookNotebook
A study of siege A study of siege defenses.defenses.
Studies of water-lifting Studies of water-lifting devices.devices.
Leonardo, the Engineer: Leonardo, the Engineer: Pages from his Pages from his
NotebookNotebook
Michelangelo BuonorratiMichelangelo Buonorrati
1475 – 15641475 – 1564
He represented He represented the body in the body in three three dimensions of dimensions of sculpture.sculpture.
MichelangelMichelangeloo
Sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, and poet.
Designed the dome for St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome which served as a model when architects were designing the U.S. Capitol building
Greatest achievement was his four year ordeal painting the Sistine Chapel in Rome.
DavidDavid
MichelangelMichelangelooBuonarottiBuonarotti
15041504
MarbleMarble
Depicts a young King David before he challenges Goliath
15c15c
16c 16c
WhatWhat
aa
differencedifference
aa
centurycentury
makes!makes!
by Donatelloby Donatello by Michelangeloby Michelangelo
The PietaThe Pieta
MichelangeMichelangeloloBuonarrotiBuonarroti
14991499
MarbleMarble
The Popes as Patrons The Popes as Patrons of the Artsof the Arts
The Sistine The Sistine ChapelChapel
MichelangelMichelangelo Buonarrotio Buonarroti
1508 - 15121508 - 1512
The Sistine Chapel’s The Sistine Chapel’s CeilingCeiling
Michelangelo BuonarrotiMichelangelo Buonarroti1508 - 15121508 - 1512
The Sistine Chapel: The Sistine Chapel: DetailsDetails
The The Creation Creation
of the of the HeavensHeavens
The Sistine Chapel: The Sistine Chapel: DetailsDetails
Creation of ManCreation of Man(God giving life (God giving life
to Adam)to Adam)
The Sistine Chapel: The Sistine Chapel: DetailsDetails
The Fall The Fall from from GraceGrace
The Sistine Chapel: The Sistine Chapel: DetailsDetails
The Last JudgmentThe Last Judgment
Raffaello Sanzio (1483-Raffaello Sanzio (1483-1520)1520)
Self-PortraitSelf-Portrait, 1506, 1506 Portrait of the Artist Portrait of the Artist with a Friendwith a Friend, 1518, 1518
Baldassare CastiglioneBaldassare Castiglione by by Raphael,Raphael,
1514-15151514-1515
Castiglione Castiglione represented represented the humanist the humanist “gentleman” “gentleman” as a man of as a man of refinement refinement and self-and self-control.control.
PerspectivPerspective!e!
PerspectivPerspective!e!
BetrothBetrothal al
of the of the Virgin Virgin
RaphaelRaphael
15041504
Raphael’sRaphael’s Canagiani Canagiani Madonna, Madonna, 15071507
Raphael’sRaphael’s Madonnas Madonnas (1)(1)
Sistine MadonnaSistine Madonna Cowpepper MadonnaCowpepper Madonna
Madonna della SediaMadonna della Sedia Alba MadonnaAlba Madonna
Raphael’sRaphael’s Madonnas Madonnas (2)(2)
The School of Athens The School of Athens – – Raphael, 1510 -11Raphael, 1510 -11
One point perspective. All of the important Greek philosophers
and thinkers are included - all of the great personalities of the Seven Liberal Arts!
A great variety of poses. Located in the papal apartments’
library. Raphael worked on this commission
simultaneously as Michelangelo was doing the Sistine Chapel.
No Christian themes here.
The School of Athens The School of Athens – Raphael, – Raphael, 1510 -111510 -11
Raphael
Da Vinci
Michelangelo
AristotleAristotle::looks to thislooks to thisearth [theearth [thehere andhere and
now].now].
PlatoPlato::looks to thelooks to theheavens [or heavens [or
the IDEALthe IDEALrealm].realm].
The School of Athens The School of Athens – – RaphaelRaphael
Averroes
Hypatia
Pythagoras
Zoroaster
Ptolemy
Euclid
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