Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
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Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
UPF MBAKnowledge Management
26/10/2005 – Joan Mayans[jmayans@cibersociedad.net]
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Anthropology
Research
Practice
Business
Tim
e e
volu
tion P
roje
ct evolu
tion
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Social Anthropology
Ethnographic method
Fieldwork
Participant observation
Social Group’sCULTURE
Knowledge
Behaviour
Everyday practices
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Social Anthropology
Culture is what we are dealing with when we are managing knowledge.
To manage knowledge we must distinguish between people’s knowledge and knowledge about people. To be able to manage people’s knowledge, first we must have a deep knowledge of them. To put it in other words, we need an ethnographic or, at least, a qualitative approach to every social group –i.e., organization- before we pretend to manage their knowledge.
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Research and practice
Why VIRTUAL spaces?
-As a community research place-As a practice/practicated space (Certeau)-As a deliberated, designed, produced space
-As an experimentation & innovation space-As an information & knowledge space-As an event production space
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Research and practice
Two points of view in analyzing & designing “virtual life”:
Technological emphasis[Everything in virtual spaces is technologically created and managed]
Social emphasis[Everything in virtual spaces is social and makes society and culture]
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Research and practice
Morningstar, Chip & Farmer, F. Randall, 1990, “The lessons of Lucasfilm’s Habitat”, publicado en Michael Benedikt, 1990, Cyberpace: First Steps, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press,
Available: http://www.communities.com/company/papers/lessons.html
Social emphasis:
Cyberspace has to be planned and thought as something:
“defined more by the interactions among the actors within it than by the technology with which it is implemented”
Cyberspace is:
“necessarily a multiple-participant environment. It seems to us that the things that are important to the inhabitants of such an environment are the capabilities available to them, the characteristics of the other people they encounter there, and the ways these various participants can affect one another. Beyond a foundation set of communication capabilities, the technology used to present this environment to its participants, while sexy and interesting, is a peripheral concern”
And, as a conclusion, they state that:
“Managing a cyberspace world is not like managing the world inside a single-user application or even a conventional online service. Instead, it is more like governing an actual nation. Cyberspace architects will benefit from study of the principles of sociology and economics as much as from the principles of computer science. We advocate an agoric, evolutionary approach to world building rather than a centralized, socialistic one”
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Research and practice
Donath, Judith S., 1997, Inhabiting the Virtual City: the design of social environments for electronic communities, Massachusetts: MIT.
Available in: http://smg.media.mit.edu/people/Judith/Thesis/Cover.html
Technological emphasis:
“To a large extend, the future success of virtual communities depends on how well the tools for social interaction are designed”
“If they [virtual communities] are poorly designed, the online world may feel like a vast concrete corporate plaza, with a few sterile benches: a place people hurry through on their way to work or home. If the tools are well designed, the on-line world will not only be inhabited, but will be able to support a wide range of interactions and relationships, from close collaboration to casual people watching”.
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Ethnography and social sciences
methods +
Technology +
Design +
Practical and sociological orientation
Research and practice
Inte
gra
tion
Social places designed for social
interaction and information sharing
High degree of management and monitorization
capabilities
Places for knowledge transfer
and acquisition
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
… Places for knowledge transfer and acquisition…
3 examples:
• Free software & open code community
• ONLINE conference on cyberculture and knowledge society (November 2004)
• KM project at the Universal Forum of Cultures, Barcelona 2004
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
Free software, open code & digital development
Features & examples:
- Product sharing & open DB – http://sxc.hu/index.phtml
- Program and tutorial sharing – http://www.hotscripts.net
- K sharing - http://www.php.net · http://www.todoexpertos.com
- Open development projects – http://www.sourceforge.net
- Hacker culture/ethics· Non economic profit· Personal / symbolic / prestige / reconnaissance · Social structure with community bounds· It’s the social structure what allows sharing and transfer
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
About the conference:
-Definition of ‘online conference’
-Second edition
-Primarily ONLINE, but evolving to a blended event
-Participation success
-Some basic Data: · + 4.000 participants from 80 countries· + 400 papers in 5 languages· 78 Working Groups· + 4.000 messages
http://www.cibersociedad.net/congres2004/index_en.html
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
About the conference:
Participants origin:
Language of interaction / Paper:
Participants origin (2):Evolution of CSO members:
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
T.Team Scientific C. Support Committee
Working Groups Coordination
Active Participants (with paper and discussion)
Active Participants (in discussion)
Lurking Participants
Non-participant Participants
Aprox. 50%
Tim
e e
volu
tion
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
Technical team:
-Personal experience
-1st edition account and methodology
-Personal acknowledgement
-Community sociological knowledge
-Technological expertise
Main functions:
-All-around coordination and organization
-Information, assistance, education and knowledge transfer
-Group(s) dynamization
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
Scientific Committee:
-Personal acknowledgement and charisma
-Reputation transfer
-Stress in their expertise areas, topics and location
Main functions:
-Establishing main topics and conference title
-Signing conference editorial line
-Working Groups validation
-Some main lectures on the conference
-Allowed to lurk… so they almost disappeared…
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
Support Committee:
-Being there from the beginning
-Building the human base of the conference (and next?)
-Broadening of the expertise and location basis
-Broadening of the conference human talent basis
Main functions:
-Diffusion and distribution of the event and its calls
-Supporting technical team tasks
-Participation, participation, participation
-Stress on participation and creativity… so they invented
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
Working Groups Coordination:
-The bigger group in the organization
-Even more broadening of conference human basis
-Scientific/University experts at work
Main functions:
-Paper revision, evaluation and first comments
-Personal contact with paper-writers and participants
-Online coordination (with many tools)
-Forum dynamization
-Writing conclusions after the conference
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
TEC
HN
OLO
GY
, th
e o
ther
acto
r…
CONTENT management
(and processing)
Profile and PERSONAL
management
Social and knowledge
INTERACTION
• Personal data & photo• Personal presence, own and others• All the contents in the Conference• Other contents in the CyberSociety Obs.
• On-time content publishing• Keyword and supragroups creation• Random content entry• Tools for topic-focused navigation
• One-to-One• One-to-Many• Many-to-Many• A/Synchronous• Everywhere, a way to interact
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
Participation/Interaction arenas:
Paper submission
Working Group Discussion Fora
Multilingual chat room
General Discussion Fora
E-mail contact
More
In
form
al
More
Asi
nch
ron
ou
s
John Dewey: “knowledge is a mode of participation”
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
ONLINE conference on cybersociety
Organization conclusions and paths to improvement
-Better content organization (too much, too disperse groups)
-Better personal/emotional management (too many ways out during the process)
-Technological improvement of the chat-room application
-Other Tech & Design improvements (suggestions from participants)
-More video and audio capabilities
In order to get…
-More social density
-More knowledge density and usefulness
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
What it was?Defined as “a meeting point for citizens from everywhere and a dialogue space for the urgent debates of the 21st Century”
Main topics:- Sustainable development- Cultural diversity- Conditions for peace
Attempt to create the post-industrial new kind of big international knowledge-leisure based celebration.
Huge urbanistic intervention; in & out
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
Activities…141 days for…
• 51 Dialogues (conferences)
• 4+23 exhibitions
• 17 Installations and places
• Workshops and activities
• Traditional Sports & Games
• Performances• Music (423 concerts)• Dance, theater, circus
• The place itself and its shops, restaurants, etc.
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
Problems…Social misunderstanding: lack of past referents, lack of understanding the objectives
Citizenship indifference or even reaction against it
Too many and too diverse activities, collapsing agenda
Too much meaningless space and places
Too poorly linked and lack of a general contextualization of different kinds of activities
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
KMP GoalsHelping communication and press departments in order to transmit more accurately what the Forum was being
Creating new participation and personal communication channels through new and broader uses of the Forum website
Creating knowledge products coming from the Forum’s activities and contents
Building the Forum’s Knowledge Open Legacy through a wide knowledge capture, segmentation and storing methodology
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
KMP + GoalsExplain ourselves the general sense of what the Forum had been
Extract strategic value and international prestige beyond the physical and temporal boundaries, through real after-Forum projects
Find and transfer to society and governments the main and most relevant topics and ideas that occurred in the whole Forum
Create an own methodology of the whole organization, a how to Forum? for next editions
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
Ethnographical and strategic
analysis Project conceptualization and methodology Project
coordination and management
Intranet for collaborative capture
and knowledge processing
Hiring, training and actual work
of knowledge capture teams
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
9/05/04 26/09/04Forum’s rythm of activities and content production
Knowledge capture rythm. Ordered integration and storing of information.
Generation of first outputs
Evolució Fòrum
Evolució Captura de Coneixement
Evolució Gestió de Coneixement i primers productes
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
Diàlegs Exposicions Espectacles
Banc de Coneixement FÒRUM
SíntesiCatalogació
Gestió de Coneixement
Act. Participatives
Resum Visual Mapa d’idees Diccionari de futur
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
Project direction
Sectorial coordination
Content production & revision
Dialogue Managers (freelance)
Knowledge ‘hunters & gatherers’ (university volunteers)
Ass
iste
nts
Software Development & Multimedia Production Externalization
Organization internal sources of information
Organization consumers of Managed Knowledge
MBA Universitat Pompeu Fabra Joan Mayans, 26.10.2005
Knowledge, Communities and Virtual Spaces
KMP @ Forum 2004
At the place capture
Data input to the DB through the collaborative work area
Actual review writing
Vectorization
Catalogation
Knowledge Bank ?
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