Kansas Spring River Metal TMDLs Thomas Stiles, KDHE Watershed Planning April 14, 2005.

Kansas Spring River Metal

TMDLs

Thomas Stiles, KDHE Watershed Planning

April 14, 2005

303(d) Listings 1998 – Lower Spring River, Turkey

Crk, Short Crk, Brush Crk, Little Shawnee Crk – Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu

1998 – Biological Impairment on Spring River

2002 – Shoal Crk – Pb & Zn - Shawnee Crk – Cu, Pb & Zn

#0

#0

%a

%a

%a

%a

#0

#0

#³

#³

#³

#³

#³

CK567

210

211

568

569

570

212

213

74

5 0 5 Miles

N

Spring R. Metals

CityStreamsLakes

Stream Water Quality Monitoring Sites%a Fixed#0 Rotational

Streams_99regb_303d.shpCAD

Streams_99regb_303d.shpCuCu PbPb

Streams_99regb_303d.shpBMetals

Current Metal WQSKansas Chronic Metal Criteria

0.1

1

10

100

1000

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Total Hardness in mg/l

Meta

l C

rite

ria i

n u

g/l

Zinc Lead Copper Cadmium

Hydrology is Major Factor

Mean Annual Flow in Spring River Watershed

10

100

1000

10000

Location

Flo

w in

CF

S

Hydrology and Loadings

Zinc Concentrations at High and Low Flow

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

Location

Zin

c C

on

c in

mg

/l

High Flow (10/01) Low Flow (10/04)

Hydrology and Hardness

Total Hardness at High and Low Flows

10

100

1000

Location

To

tal

Hard

ness i

n m

g/l

High Flow (10/01) Low Flow (10/04)

Aquatic Life Impairment

EPT Taxa on Spring River

10203040506070

Date

Pct

Tax

a as

EP

T

Baxter Springs Crestline Waco

Spring River at Baxter Springs Lead

0.001

0.010

0.100

1.000

99 98 96 94 92 88 85 83 80 78 77 74 72 66 60 57 54 48 47 45 42 39 34 29 29 25 22 20 19 15 14 11 4 2

Pct of Time Flow Exceeded

Lea

d i

n p

pm

Lead CCC Lead CMC Sample

Higher Flows, Higher Exceedances

Spring River near Crestline Lead

0.0010

0.0100

0.1000

1.0000

98 94 92 89 82 78 75 60 53 49 47 40 36 26 22 18 11 3

Pct of Time Flow Exceeded

Lead

in p

pm

Lead CCC Lead CMC Sample

High Flows Impact Clean Sites

Shoal Creek Zinc

0.010

0.100

1.000

99 98 96 94 92 88 83 81 78 74 66 65 62 58 53 50 49 45 43 41 39 35 32 25 20 18 14 13 10 3 1

Pct of Time Flow Exceeded

Zin

c i

n p

pm

Zinc CCC Sample

High Flows ~ Impact of Sediments

Some Sites Degraded at All Flows

Short Creek Cadmium

0.0001

0.0010

0.0100

0.1000

1.0000

Pct of Time Flow Exceeded

Cad

miu

m i

n p

pm

Cadmium CCC Cadmium CMC Sample

TMDL Allocations WLA: Pt Sources – Initially Zero

LA: Variable by Location & Flow Condition

MOS: Statistical Characteristics of Metals and Hardness

Zinc Load Reductions

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

BaxterSprings

Shoal Crk ShawneeCrk

Short Crk Turkey Crk Center Crk Crestline

Location

Perc

en

t L

oad

Red

ucti

on

Normal Flow Very High Flow

Variable Load Reductions

Highest Priority Issues Short Creek: Zn, Cd @ normal to high Q Turkey Creek: Zn, Cd @ normal to high Q Center Creek: Zn, Cd @ normal to high Q;

Pb @ normal Q Shawnee Creek: Pb @ normal Q Shoal Creek: Zn @ very high Q Baxter Springs: Pb @ normal to high Q;

Zn @ high to very high Q

Load Reduction Strategy

1. Tributary Reductions for Self & Baxter Springs

2. Reductions on Other Tribs – e.g.; Willow Creek

3. Removal of In-Channel Sediments

4. Potential Dredging of Empire Lake

TMDL Timeline

Next Week: Submission to EPA 2005-2008: Ongoing Remedial

Actions 2008: Reopen TMDL – NRDA data;

effluent monitoring; establish WLAs 2009: Begin targeted sediment

removal 2013: Revisit TMDL; note progress