Joint USAID-NASA GSFC Food and Water Security Activities Water Resources, Food Security and Agriculture GPM applications meeting Amy McNally amy.l.mcnally@nasa.govamy.l.mcnally@nasa.gov.
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Joint USAID-NASA GSFC Food and Water Security
Activities
Water Resources, Food Security and Agriculture GPM applications meeting
Amy McNally amy.l.mcnally@nasa.govKristi Arsenault, Christa Peters-Lidard, James P.
Verdin NASA LIS team June 10, 2015
1
Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Approach
2
• Real-time weather & early warning
• Agricultural assessments
• Household production of income & food
• Household consumption of income & food
• Coping strategies
• Water & sanitation conditions
• Healthcare• Health
conditions, morbidity
Remotely sensed rainfall is essential for USAID applications in data poor regions
NOAA CPC RFE2 and ARC2 for near real-time monitoring in Africa.
TRMM and downscaled ERA-Interim recommended by collaborators for Middle East analysis
New, near real-time USGS CHIRP rainfall is available at 0.05 degree 1981-present (see poster)
3
Rainfall used to force land surface models
4
Water &
energy
balance
outputs
5
Start of Growing Season estimates from different rainfall products
(dekads)
Sep 10
Sep 20
Sep 30
<Aug 31
Oct 10
Oct 20Oct 31
Nov 10Nov 20
Nov 30
Dec 10
Dec 20
Dec 31
Undefined
CPC RFE2 TRMMV7 (3B42) CMORPH
Krisiti Arsenault GSFC
First dekad (~10 day period) with >25 mm of total rainfall followed by a combined total of >20 mm in the following two dekads (AGRHYMET 1996).
Food Security is more than agricultural monitoring
6
Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Approach
• Real-time weather & early warning
• Agricultural assessments
• Household production of income & food
• Household consumption of income & food
• Coping strategies
• Water & sanitation conditions
• Healthcare• Health
conditions, morbidity
7
http://www.thevoicebw.com/2015/01/16/gaborone-dam-levels-drop/
Example: Botswana water crisis 2015
Dec 30 2008 (Google Earth)
Aug 6 2014
Weekly Hazards Assessment
Drought Classification based on Feb soil moisture percentiles (1981-2015)
Weekly Hazards Assessment
2015 2013
2011
2007
2014 2012
2010 2009 2008
2006 2005
How does 2015 compare to other years?
Drought Classification based on Feb soil moisture percentiles (1981-2015)
dro
ught
severi
ty
index
2013 and 2015 are part of a longer drought, like 2002-
05 when the Gaborone dam reached 16%
Drought Classification based on Feb soil moisture percentiles (1981-2015)
2015 2013
2011
2007
2014 2012
2010 2009
2006 2005
Summary
IMERG/GPM may be an important additional source of information for near real-time monitoring.
The LIS team is implementing capabilities for GPM inputs, making them available for the FLDAS land surface models.
Longer term analysis, however, will have to be done with other rainfall products, until there is consistency with TRMM.
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