Transcript
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InformationSystemsChap #1:
Information System
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OutlineDefinitions
Types of Information Systems
Information Systems Vs Information Technology
Expanding Roles of IS
Classification of ISEnterprise Resource Planning
Information Systems Development
IS as Discipline
Information systems: pportunities and Challenges
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DenitionsData
Ra! facts such as an employee"s name and num#er of
hours !or$ed in a !ee$% inventory part num#ers or salesorders&
Information
' collection of facts organi(ed in such a !ay that theyhave additional value #eyond the value of the facts
themselves&
DataInformation
)*+%,,, -. /nits)-.%,,, 0& 0ones
1estern Region
)-,,%,,, -,, /nits
*+ /nits
Data
Processing
Salesperson: 0& 0onesSales Territory:
1estern Region
Current Sales: -23
/nits 4 )-23%,,,
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Information Systems
An information system(IS) is typically considered to be a set of
interrelated elements or components that collect(input),
manipulate(processes), and disseminate (output) data and
information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an
objective.
Definitions
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'n Information System is an organi(ed com#ination of people%
hard!are% soft!are% communication net!or$s and the data resources thatcollects% transforms and disseminates information in a organi(ation&
Computer6#ased Information System
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INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
7ard!are
Soft!are
Data#ases
8et!or$s
ther related
components
are used to #uild
I85R9'TI8SSTE9S
Payroll
System
Inventory
System
9ar$eting
System
Customer
Service
System
IS Vs IT
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Expanding oles of IS1. Data Processing 1!"#s$1!%#s
&. Management Re'orting 1!%#s$1!(#s
). Decision s*''ort 1!(#s$1!+#s
,. -trategic an En /ser -*''ort 1!+#s$1!!#s
". G0oa0 Internet2or3ing 1!!#s$##s
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Classi!ation of IS
Information Systems
perations
Support System 9anagementSupport System
Transaction
processing
systems
Process control
systems
ffice
automation
systems
9anagement
information
systems
Decision
support
systems
Executive
information
systems
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1. O'erations s*''ort s4stemsprocess data generated #y #usiness
operations
9a;or categories are:i< Transaction processing systems
ii< Process control systems
iii< ffice automation systems
&. Management -*''ort -4stemsprovide information and
support needed for effective decision ma$ing #y managers
9a;or categories are
i< 9anagement Information System
ii< Decision Support Systems
iii< Executive Information System
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1. O'erations -*''ort -4stem
i5 Transaction 'rocessing s4stems
= Process #usiness exchanges
= 9aintain records a#out the exchanges
= 7andle routine% yet critical% tas$s
= Perform simple calculations
ii< Process contro0 s4stems monitor and control industrial
processes&
iii< Office a*tomation s4stems automate office procedures and
enhance office communications and productivity&
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&. Management s*''ort s4stemsprovide information and support
needed for effective decision ma$ing #y managers
9a;or categories are:
i5 Management information s4stems Routine information for routine decisions
perational efficiency
/se transaction data as main input
Data#ases integrate 9IS in different functional areas
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ii5 Decision -*''ort -4stemInteractive support for non6routine decisions or pro#lems=End6users are more involved in creating a DSS than an 9IS
iii5 E6ec*ti7e information s4stems
provide critical information tailored to the information needs of
executives
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Ot8er categories
a5 E6'ert s4stems
5 En *ser com'*ting s4stems
c5 9*siness information s4stems
5 -trategic information s4stems
a< Expert Systems are $no!ledge6#ased systems that provides
expert advice and act as expert consultants to the users
#< End user computing systems support the direct% hands on use of
computers #y end users for operational and managerial
applicationsc< >usiness information systems support the operational and
managerial applications of the #asic #usiness functions of a firm
d< Strategic information systems provide a firm !hich strategic
products% services% and capa#ilities for competitive advantage
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Enterprise esour!e
"lanning E"$ Integrated programs that !an manage a
!ompany%s entire set of &usiness operations
Often !oordinate planning' in(entory !ontrol'
produ!tion and ordering
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Information Systems
De(elopment
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IS as Dis!ipline
IS is an interdisciplinary field influenced #y Computer Science%
Political Science% Psychology% perations Research% ?inguistics%
Sociology% and rgani(ational Theory&
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Challenges
-&Information overload
.&Employee mistrust
*&Difficult to #uilt
2&Security #reaches
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Opportunities-& Enhanced glo#al competitiveness
.& Capture mar$et opportunities
*& Support corporate strategy
2& Enhance !or$er productivity
+& Improve @uality of goods and services
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e!omended )oo*s0ames ">rien:9anagement Information Technology
Aenneth C& ?audon :
9anagement Information Technology
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The End+
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