Introduction to Technical Textile by NTU

Technical Textile Society-NTU

Lecture Delivered 16,Jan’14 Special Thanks

Mr. Muneeb Tahir (Batch 2009)

Regards: Hassan Shahzad President 2013-14 Technical Textile Society-NTU Group for research project discussions: https://www.fb.com/groups/technicaltextiles Page: https://www.fb.com/tts.fsd

Reformation in global trends

Technical textiles in Pakistan

• Although Pakistan’s potential in the field of technical textiles is immense but it is in the developing phase. Pakistan has always been a formidable force in the field of conventional cotton based textiles.

Difference b/w conventional &technical textiles • Unlike conventional textiles used traditionally for clothing or furnishing,

technical textiles are used basically on account of their specific physical and functional properties.

Conventional Textiles Technical Textiles

Agrotech • Textiles used in agriculture,

horticulture, forestry, farming and fishing

• Agrotech sheets are also used for soil reclamation.

• These sheets can contain soil erosion problem and decompose into plant nutrients.

•Provide protection against frost, wind,

excessive sunlight.

• Avoids crop wastage due to better symmetric arrangement.

• Provide

protection against weeds.

Agrotech

Bird Protection Nets

Biodegradable Plant Pots

Buildtech

• Buildtech involves textile composites used in building industry.

A revolution has been introduced to the building industry by the use of

textile based composites.

As Thermal and Noise Insulators

Structures built of textile materials

Textile Materials as Concrete Reinforcement

Litracon Technical Textile Society-NTU

Now more durable, reliable, cheaper and resilient structures can be made.

Designing of Wind Turbines

• Owing to light weight which is required for maximum energy production.

Ultimate remedy

• Buildtech has addressed the problems commonly faced in building industry.

• Like weakening of structures due to rusting, seepages or natural calamities .

Properties

• Strength

• Resilience

• Resistance to degradation by chemicals and pollutants in the air

Clothtech

• Components of clothing and footwear.

• It includes the most promising field/future of textiles “SMART TEXTILES”.

Smart textiles

• Electronics embedded on garments i.e. wearable electronics.

Smart textiles

• A piece of e-Textile weighing 0.3 kgs the approximate weight of a T-shirt could hold up to three times more energy than a cell phone battery.

Smart textiles

Military advancements

• South Korean military has taken a gigantic leap forward.

• It aims to integrate smart textile technology in the uniforms of it’s military personnel.

Objective

• The objective is to create a military uniform that integrates information technology.

Heat sensitive textiles

Shape Memory Textiles

Astronaut suits

• Cosmic apparel used by astronauts in space or on the surface of a planet.

Cosmic apparel

• These are supplied with oxygen, safety from solar radiations due to absence of atmosphere in space and many other life support systems.

Hug jackets/shirts

Musical shirts

• Electronic touch sensitive drum embedded on a garment.

Self luminous textiles

• The textiles for disco clubs of future.

Geotech

As implied from the name Geo textiles are the textiles which work in contact with Earth’s basic elements; soil, rocks, water etc.

Dams • Geotextiles are used in

the construction of dams as concrete reinforcements.

• Used either in powdered or compact form.

• Geotextiles are being used in the construction of roads.

• Lahore Kalar-kahar Motorway.

Mechanism behind road construction

• Geotextiles fabric sheets are used due to their inherent stiffness.

• This does not let the roads deform easily, even if they are subjected to heavy traffic flow.

Prevention of soil erosion

• Lining of riverbanks can be done with Geotextiles to prevent soil erosion due to floods or other climatic conditions.

A chance lost!

• The damages due to recent floods could have been curtailed to a certain extent if geotextiles were given a chance!

• Erosion causes soil’s humus layer to erode away leaving the land barren/unavailable for cultivation.

• Geotextile sheets are used in plains, hilly or coastal areas to prevent soil erosion.

Geotech market

• Asia and other developing regions of the world are much likely to see a sustained infrastructure development programs.

Geotech market

Hometech • Home textiles includes

household textiles.

• One such article which has an interesting property is fragrant curtains.

Function and Mechanism

• Whenever there is some undesirable odor in the environment of a room these curtains would release fragrance to counter that odor.

Decoration purposes

• Litracon is also used as decoration article in home textiles as table lamps etc.

Hometech market

• The market is fairly mature in Western economies.

• The growth in emerging economies such as India and China is expected to accelerate.

Indutech

• The textile materials used in industries are known as indutech.

• Generally industech are used in purifying poisonous gases at high temperature.

Used in chimneys

• Most poisonous gases are discharged into the atmosphere at very high temperatures.

• Common materials can’t withstand such temperatures without melting.

Indutech has the remedy

• To solve this problem heat resistant textile materials with small pore sizes are used to filter hot poisonous gases.

Used as high strength ropes

• Indutech ropes are also used in industrial units.

• For lifting heavy weights and pulleys.

• These have high tensile strength.

As noise absorbents

• Some Industrial textiles are used at industrial scale as noise absorbents too.

Medtech

• Absorbents, Bandages: Plaster of Paris Bandage, orthopedics bandage, etc

Alginate bandages

• Alginate bandages can be removed without even the patient knowing about its removal and heals the wound faster.

Alginate Bandages “A Revolution”

• Wounds are not damaged as happens mostly when cotton bandage is removed.

• These bandages find their usage specially in burn care centers for acute burn injuries.

Germ absorbents

• Non woven germ absorbent wipes on handles of hospital doors.

Special tremor disease

• Boxer Muhammad Ali has the same disease.

• Due to hand tremor patient can’t carry out their daily choirs.

Medtech to the rescue!

• Special fabric gloves designed from piezoelectric material are designed to nullify the effect of these tremors.

In Transplantation

• Artificial kidney, Artificial liver, Artificial heart, Mechanical lung, grafts, artificial skin and bones are produced for transplantation.

Soothing Broken Bones and Hearts

• Textile based grafts and replacements of broken or damaged bones are also available for transplantation.

Magic healing

• Special environment for the treatment of various diseases like Asthma is required.

• Humidity, temperature or microbial activity is kept in check.

Magic healing

• Now we have such textiles available which can control these factors.

• Example of Khewra mine and a hospital situated in it for the treatment of Asthma.

How its done?

• The walls of the room of the patient is lined with fabric sheets made of these textiles.

Hernia

• The disease known as hernia makes the abdomen muscles weak.

Hernia

• Weak muscles cannot even hold the pressure of the intestines.

Development in Treatment Method

• The scientists have carried out the preparation of artificial hernia mesh (a fabric).

Mechanism

• It lets the abdomen muscles develop and takes up the pressure.

• Instead of letting it being transferred to the slowly developing abdomen muscles.

Curing hernia

• In this way the weakened muscles get time to develop fully.

Eye lenses

• Eye lenses are examples of technical textile materials.

• Very few of us know this.

Eye Cornea

• Recently artificial eye cornea has been developed with textile fibers.

• Cornea is the most important part of human eye.

Hope in sight

• Transplanting cornea in place of damaged or diseased cornea of a patient can give light to someone’s eye.

Relief for sugar patients

• Recently a major breakthrough for sugar patients has been the manufacturing of micro level fabric based drugs encapsulating insulin.

Mechanism

• It has an interesting mechanism.

• Capsules are injected into the blood stream by an injection.

Life of capsules

• The life of these capsules is 6 months at present.

• After this time span it is dissolved into non toxic materials.

No daily injections

• The greatest advantage of this technique is that patient doesn’t have to take insulin injections daily!

Technical textiles, no boundaries

• These are the marvels of technical textiles in the field of medial sciences.

Medtech market

• Strong growth potential in developed countries based longer-living and increased awareness about healthcare issues.

Mobiltech

• The textile materials in automobiles.

Automobiles

• Seat covers, seat belts, car carpets, air bags, tyre cord, composite panels, car mats (although

they look like made of rubber).

Military use

• A very interesting application of such fabrics was devised by various countries.

Main idea

• It used these fabrics in the manufacturing of inflatable armored vehicles, tanks and even fleets of warships.

Objective

• To distract, confuse and deceive enemy in the event of war with

the original ones.

Interesting thing

• Inflatable decoys can also be detected on radar by the enemy as originals.

Carbon fiber as wonder fiber

• Carbon fiber is being presented as a replacement to aluminum alloys in fighter and commercial jet manufacturing.

New chapter of aviation history

• Boeing’s Airbus 380.

• Such fighter or commercial planes would be light weight and fuel efficient.

Eyebrow Raising Facts; Wonder Fiber

• It is much lighter than aluminum.

• Its single fiber is far thin than even human hair but still its strength surpasses that of steel.

Realization of Potential

• USA has devised a plan to shift 75% of its military vehicles to textile composite based structure.

Precious oil

• It is converting its military vehicles to Ethanol instead of gasoline.

• Ethanol is not as strong as gasoline.

Remedy

• To counter this problem the weight has to be reduced using textile based composites in vehicle structure.

Oekotech

• Textiles for environmental protection are known as Oekotech.(GREEN TEXTILES)

An interesting application

• Used effectively against oil spillages in coastal areas or in open oceans or seas, separates water and oil.(otherwise it is harmful to ecosystem)

Nothing goes to waste

• Separated oil can be used again, while on the other hand disasters can be averted.

In cigarette filters

• I bet you didn’t realize that over four trillion cigarette filters are manufactured annually.

• Cigarette filters are non woven textile materials.

Use of cigarettes filters

• These filters filter the tar and nicotine.

• Although handsome amount of it is inhaled but still it does filter these substance to some extent.

• These are carcinogenic materials.

Packtech

• Textiles used in packing materials are called packtech.

• Even tea bags (no one ever thinks about it) which are non woven fabrics.

Protech

• Heat resistant clothing for scientists studying volcanic eruptions.

Fire suits

• Fire men’s protective clothing.

High tech military apps.

• Clothing against cold (like clothing of army personnel in Siachin)

High tech military apps.

• Clothing against chemical substances for atomic, chemical and biological warfare specially(gas, liquids, particles)

Mosquito repellant fabrics

• Even mosquito resistant fibers are available in the market to keep mosquitoes away.

For Falcons

• G suits for fighter pilots to coup up with the pressure due to high speed maneuvers in air.

Great domestic opportunity

• Bullet proof jackets, helmets and special boots.

• Pakistani law and order agencies are in great need of protective textiles to counter the law and order situation in country.

Need of the hour

• Local textile industry could exploit this opportunity by manufacturing desired products.

• Hence saving country foreign exchange being wasted on imports of these products.

Sporttech

• A fiber named Coolmax remains cool even at 50⁰C.

• It is used in making track suits for sportsmen and women.

Suits for Deep Sea Divers

• Pressure suits for under water divers are also manufactured by some special types of fibers.

Function of Suits

• These suits help them to acclimatize to the varied pressure levels above and below water level.

• Mentioning of bubble formation disease.

Sporttech Apps. at Home

• In Pakistan technical textile fibers are widely being used specially in Sialkot’s sports industry.

Domestic Sporttech Products

• In manufacturing of hockey sticks and footballs complying with international standards. (little elaboration on the strength of such hockey sticks)

A matter of pride

• 90% graduates in Pakistan’s present textile industry belong to National textile university.

National Textile University

• You have been provided a life changing opportunity to be a part of never failing engine held responsible for Pakistan’s economic growth by destiny itself.

Change approaches

• Now it is up to you to excel, innovate and lead my dear juniors!

Introduction to Technical Textile by NTU

textile composites

use of textile

smart textile technology

field of technical textiles

agrotech textiles

geo textiles

smart textiles electronics

resilient structures

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