Introduction to management

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Ms. Nyein Ma Ma

Business and IT Management Lecturer, English Teacher

MIB (GGSB, FR)

MCSc (UCSY, MM)

Introduction to Management

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ManagementManagersLevels of ManagersRole of ManagersFunctions of ManagersSkills of ManagersOrganizationsCharacteristics of OrganizationsImportance/ Universality of Management

Scope

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Oversees, coordinates, motivates, supervisesActivities/ Performance (Effective and Efficient)

Effectiveness- Doing the right things ( Accomplishing)

Efficiency- Doing things right ( With minimum/limited usage of resources)Resources: Materials, Manpower, Machines, Money,

Management, Method, TiME (7 Ms)

Management

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Oversees, coordinates, motivates, supervisesGoal and people-orientedResponsible and Accountable

Responsibility_ The ability to take responsibility or duties

Accountability- The ability to be answerable for the results of a responsibility a person has taken.

Managers

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Non-Managerial Individuals

Operational/ First Line

Management

Tactical/ Middle

Management

Strategic/Top Management

BOD

Managers

Supervisors

Operators

Managerial Levels

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Operational Management

Lower Tactical Management

Middle Tactical Management

Higher Tactical Management

Strategic Management

BOD

General Manager

Deputy General Manager

Departmental

Manager1

Senior Executive 1

Senior Executive 2

Departmental

Manager2

Senior Executive 1

Senior Executive 2

Extended Managerial Levels

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Informational Decisional Interpersonal

Monitor Entrepreneur Figurehead

Obtain info to develop

Search for opportunities

Perform legal & social duty

Disseminator Resource allocator Leader

Relay info within org

Allocate resources Motivates subordinates

Spokesperson Negotiator Liaison

Relay info to outsiders

Undertake negotiation

Maintains network of outside contact

Disturbance Handler

Perform corrective action

Role of Managers: Mintzberg’s Managerial Roles

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Functions of Management: POLC

Planning

Organizing

Leading

Controlling

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Defining goals and objectivesEstablishing strategies for achieving goals OR

setting mission statementsDeveloping plans to integrate and coordinate

activitiesProvides guidance and directionEnsures success and growth or the firm by

continuous planningStrategic plan, tactical plan, operational plan

Functions of Management: Planning

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Determining tasks to be done (job descriptions)Indentifying who is responsible for which specific

responsibility (allocation of work)Establishing who reports to whom (designing

organizational structure)Define at what level decisions are made Ensures coordination or all activities

Functions of Management: Organizing

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Motivating subordinates Positively influencing individuals or teamsDealing with employee behavior issuesContinual process

Functions of Management: Leading

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Setting standards or measures to evaluate performance

Monitoring and evaluating actual performanceComparing actual to standardTaking corrective action if necessaryClosely linked to planningRegular and continual process

Functions of Management: Controlling

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Skills of Managers

Conceptual Skill (Cognitive)

• Analytical Thinking

• Critical Thinking

• Creative Thinking

Human Skill (Inspirational)

• Interpersonal Skills

Technical Skill (Professional)

• Functional Competency

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Conceptual- Top ManagementUnderstand organization’s business modelGrasp opportunitiesRecognize issues arisingAbsorb useful informationSolve issuesUnderstand technology

Skills of Managers: Conceptual Skill

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Human-Tactical ManagementCommunicating and presentation (top and front-

line)Listening and askingInterpersonal skills (diversity awareness and

acceptance; networking with intra, inter, and extra, organizational environment)

Skills of Managers: Human Skill

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Business EnvironmentsIntra-

organizational environment

(stakeholders)Administration

Finance

Human Resource

Marketing

Logistic

Specific Professional Services

Research and Development

Etc.

Internal environment

Customers

Suppliers

Competitors (Direct & Indirect)

Shareholders

Financial Institutions

External environment (PESTEEL)

Political

Economical

Social

Technical

Educational

Ecological

Legal

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Technical- Operational ManagementContribution to mission professionallyPriority settingMultitaskingProject ManagementTime ManagementSetting and maintaining performance standardsReview and improve (monitor and control)Negotiation

Skills of Managers: Technical Skill

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A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose.

What is organization?

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Shared specific goal to achieve (Vision)Means to reach the ends are stated (Mission)People make sure the goal is achieved (Actions)People are structured or loosely structured

(Organized)Challenged by changes

Characteristics of Organization

Air-BaganVision

To become one of the best airlines in Asia with Myanmar Identity.

MissionTo contribute towards development of Tourism and Air Transport Industry in Myanmar, offering high quality Customer Service on every flight we operate, as well as produce a fair return on investments.

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Industry (Manufacturing/Production, Service, Trading)

Type (Profit or Not-for-profit; Governmental or Non-Governmental; Private or Public)

Size (Small, Medium, Large)Level (Top to Bottom)Area (Finance, Human Resource, Administration,

Marketing, Research and Development)Changes ( Intra-nal, Internal, external business

environment)

Importance of Management: Universality of Management

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Traditional Organization New Organization

•Stable•Inflexible•Job-Focused•Permanent Jobs•Rule-Oriented•Work day has boundaries•Hierarchical relationships•Work in office during specific hours

•Dynamic•Flexible•Skills-focused•Temporary jobs•Customer-oriented•Workday has no boundaries•Lateral/networked relationships•Work anywhere, anytime

Changing Nature of Organizations

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ForcesIncreased threats to securityIncreased emphasis on ethicsIncreased competitivenessEnvironmental changes

Changing Nature of Management

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Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter, Essentials of Management, Pearson International Edition

http://www.airbagan.com/cokemnc.blogspot.com

References and Bibliography

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Any Questions??

END OF LECTURE