Intregated Pest Management (IPM) Programs in Tropical ... · Whiteflies Spider mites Soybean Spodoptera frugiperda S. eridania S. cosmioides Helicoverpa armigera Chloridea virescens

Intregated Pest Management (IPM) Programs

in Tropical Agriculture

Celso Omoto

Dept. of Entomology and Acarology

Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture / University of São Paulo

celso.omoto@usp.br

Biobased Economy Workshop

• Tropical agriculture: implications for IPM

Soybean-Maize-Cotton

Sugarcane

Citrus

• Our major goal: Sustainable Pest Management in Tropical Agriculture

OUTLINE

Available at: http://www.economist.com/node/16886442

The miracle of Cerrado

Source: CONAB

Maize Production Area in Brazil (1990-2016)

(million of hectares)

OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

1st season

2nd seasonWinter

Crop growing seasons

5.6 million ha

9.9 million ha

Cotton

1.0 million ha

Source: Conab / IBGE (2016)

Soybean

33 million ha

Maize

Maize

Maize production areas

1st season 2nd season

Source: Conab (2016)

9,9 Mi ha5,6 Mi ha

Soybean and Cotton Production Areas

Source: Conab (2016)

Soybean Cotton

33 Mi ha 1 Mi ha

Maize

Spodoptera frugiperda

Helicoverpa zea

Stink bugs and other bugs

Whiteflies

Spider mites

Cotton

Spodoptera frugiperda

S. eridania

S. cosmioides

Helicoverpa armigera

Chloridea virescens

Chrysodeixis includens

Stink bugs and other bugs

Whiteflies

Spider mites

Soybean

Spodoptera frugiperda

S. eridania

S. cosmioides

Helicoverpa armigera

Chloridea virescens

Chrysodeixis includens

Stink bugs and other bugs

Whiteflies

Spider mites

Cross-Crop Pests

• 1980´s 2 to 4 insecticide sprays

Production cost: US$ 300-400/ha

• 1990´s 5 to 7 insecticide sprays

Production cost: US$ 500-600/ha

• 2000´s 6 a 8 insecticide sprays

Production cost: US$ 800/ha

• 2012/13 > 10 insecticide sprays

Production cost: US$ 950/ha

Soybean in Western Bahia

Source: ADAB, ABAPA, AIBA, Fundação BA

Genetically Modified Crops

Bt Crops

Intense selection pressure with Bt crops

Department of Entomology and Acarology

Research Lines / Areas

• Taxonomy and BioecologyAcarology

Insect Biology

Insect Ecology

Insect Molecular Ecology

Insect Physiology and Biochemistry

Insect Taxonomy

• Arthropod-plant-microorganism interactionsChemical Ecology and Insect Behaviour

Insect Vectors of Plant Pathogen

Interactions in Insects

Insect Pathology

• Integrated pest management strategiesArthropod Resistance to Control Tactics

Biological Control

Integrated Pest Management

Host Plant Resistance

• to develop and implement innovative and integrative technologies (e.g. biological control packages, genes for pest control through transgenesis and RNAi, molecules for behavioral pest control, molecular markers, etc.)

• to assess the impact of current pest control strategies (GMOs, pesticides, biological control, semiochemicals) on the biodiversity of agroecosystems, on the plant-arthropod and arthropod-arthropod interactions and the side-effects on beneficials

Major research interests

15

Technological Innovations – Biological Control Agents

Parasitic wasps Entomopatogenic fungi

Cotesia flavipes > 4 million ha/yearTrichogramma spp. > 500,000 ha/year

Metarril (Metarhizium anisopliae)Boveril (Beauveria bassiana)Vertirril (Verticillium lecanii)Trichodermil (Trichoderma spp.)

Department of Entomology and Acarology

Entrepreneurship: Startups

16

Technological Innovations - Pheromones

Migdolus beetle– 300,000 haCitrus Fruit Borer – 150,000 haCitrus leaf miner – under registration

Losses avoided in 10 years - 2003-2012

U$ 1.2 billion (50% less pesticides)

Cost-Benefit (investment/losses avoided)

U$ 1 : 112

Citrus Fruit Borer

Department of Entomology and Acarology

National Institute in Science and Technology in SemiochemicalsCoordinators: J.R.P.Parra & J.M.S.Bento

EMBRAPII in

Biological Control Agents and

Biotechnological Process

Entomology at USP

Top 10 in the World

2017

2017

Thank you for your attention!

http://www.lea.esalq.usp.br/en/