Internet Research Powerpoint

NetworkingNetworking

Presented By:Presented By:

Ken GutierrezKen Gutierrez

Fred HadleyFred Hadley

OverviewOverview

What Is Networking?What Is Networking?

How It WorksHow It Works

Ways To ConnectWays To Connect

Types Of NetworksTypes Of Networks

Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies

Networking SoftwareNetworking Software

What is Networking?What is Networking?

DefinitionDefinition Two or more computers connected in order to Two or more computers connected in order to

share data and resources.share data and resources.FilesFiles

Peripherals (External) DevicesPeripherals (External) Devices

Why A Network?Why A Network?

Simultaneous AccessSimultaneous Access

Share Peripheral DevicesShare Peripheral Devices

Personal CommunicationPersonal Communication

Easier BackupEasier Backup

Share Internet ConnectionShare Internet Connection

Simultaneous AccessSimultaneous Access

In organizations, many people may need to use In organizations, many people may need to use the same data or programs.the same data or programs.

Shared data and programs can be stored on a Shared data and programs can be stored on a central network server.central network server. Server that stores data files is a file server.Server that stores data files is a file server.

Managers may assign access rights to users.Managers may assign access rights to users. Read data only.Read data only. Make changes to existing files.Make changes to existing files.

Play Multi-Computer GamesPlay Multi-Computer Games

Share Peripheral DevicesShare Peripheral Devices

Peripheral (external) devices are expensive.Peripheral (external) devices are expensive. Cost-effective to shareCost-effective to share

PrintersPrinters

ScannersScanners

Internet ConnectionInternet Connection

SpoolingSpooling Send Multiple Documents (Print Jobs)Send Multiple Documents (Print Jobs) Temporarily Stored On ServerTemporarily Stored On Server Printed In TurnPrinted In Turn

Send Output Of A Device To Other ComputersSend Output Of A Device To Other Computers

Personal CommunicationPersonal Communication

EmailEmail

Exchange Over LAN or InternetExchange Over LAN or Internet

Other Popular Network-Based Communications Other Popular Network-Based Communications SystemsSystems TeleconferencingTeleconferencing VideoconferencingVideoconferencing

Easier BackupEasier Backup

Enables managers to back up important Enables managers to back up important data.data.

Administrators commonly back up shared Administrators commonly back up shared data files stored on the server, but may data files stored on the server, but may also use the network to back up files on also use the network to back up files on users’ PCs.users’ PCs.

How It WorksHow It Works

Ways To ConnectWays To Connect

EthernetEthernet

WirelessWireless

Power LinesPower Lines

Phone LinesPhone Lines

Walking Diskettes Back & ForthWalking Diskettes Back & Forth

Ethernet Network HardwareEthernet Network Hardware

2 Or More Network Interface Cards (NIC)2 Or More Network Interface Cards (NIC)

CablesCables

RoutersRouters

BridgesBridges

HubsHubs

Ethernet Hardware PicturesEthernet Hardware Pictures

How Ethernet Networking WorksHow Ethernet Networking Works

Ethernet Pros & ConsEthernet Pros & Cons

AdvantagesAdvantagesFastest TechnologyFastest TechnologyInexpensive If PCs Are Inexpensive If PCs Are Close To One AnotherClose To One AnotherExtremely ReliableExtremely ReliableEasy To Maintain After Easy To Maintain After SetupSetupVirtually Unlimited Virtually Unlimited Number Of Devices Can Number Of Devices Can Be ConnectedBe ConnectedGreat Deal Of Tech Great Deal Of Tech Support & Information Support & Information AvailableAvailable

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesAdditional Equipment Additional Equipment Needed If More Than 2 Needed If More Than 2 PCsPCsExpensive If Wiring & Expensive If Wiring & Jacks Need To Be Jacks Need To Be InstalledInstalledSetup & Configuration Setup & Configuration Can Be DifficultCan Be DifficultTechnical Jargon & Technical Jargon & Number Of Options Can Number Of Options Can Be ConfusingBe Confusing

Power Line Network HardwarePower Line Network Hardware

Electrical OutletElectrical Outlet

Power Line TechnologyPower Line Technology IntellonIntellon

PowerPacketPowerPacket IntelogisIntelogis

PassportPassport Wall OutletWall Outlet

Power Line Hardware PicturesPower Line Hardware Pictures

How Power Line Networking WorksHow Power Line Networking Works

IntellonIntellon Orthogonal Frequency Division MultiplexingOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Available Frequencies Split Into 84 CarriersAvailable Frequencies Split Into 84 Carriers

Send Packets SimultaneouslySend Packets Simultaneously

Noise Or Power SurgeNoise Or Power Surge

IntelogisIntelogis Frequency Shift KeyingFrequency Shift Keying

Uses 2 Frequencies: One For 1s & One For 0sUses 2 Frequencies: One For 1s & One For 0s

Anything Infringes Frequency Disrupts Data FlowAnything Infringes Frequency Disrupts Data Flow

Power Line Pros & ConsPower Line Pros & Cons

AdvantagesAdvantagesNo New WiresNo New WiresInexpensiveInexpensiveSeveral Outlets In Every RoomSeveral Outlets In Every RoomEasy InstallationEasy InstallationPrinter Can Be Physically Printer Can Be Physically ElsewhereElsewhereDoesn’t Require A Card To Be Doesn’t Require A Card To Be Installed In PCInstalled In PC

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesSlower ConnectionSlower ConnectionHome Power Usage Affects Home Power Usage Affects PerformancePerformanceLimits Features Of PrinterLimits Features Of PrinterOnly Windows-Based PCOnly Windows-Based PCUses Large Wall Devices To Uses Large Wall Devices To Access OutletsAccess OutletsOnly Uses 110V LinesOnly Uses 110V LinesData Must Be Encrypted For A Data Must Be Encrypted For A Secure NetworkSecure NetworkOlder Wiring Can Affect Older Wiring Can Affect PerformancePerformance

Phone Line Network HardwarePhone Line Network Hardware

Phone JacksPhone Jacks

Telephone CordsTelephone Cords

HomePNA HardwareHomePNA Hardware

Phone Line Hardware PicturesPhone Line Hardware Pictures

How Phone Line Networking WorksHow Phone Line Networking Works

HomePNA Uses Frequency Division MultiplexingHomePNA Uses Frequency Division Multiplexing PC Data Divided On Separate FrequenciesPC Data Divided On Separate Frequencies FDM Separates Extra Signal Space On Phone Line FDM Separates Extra Signal Space On Phone Line

Into Distinct Channels By Splitting It Into Uniform Into Distinct Channels By Splitting It Into Uniform Chunks Of BandwidthChunks Of Bandwidth

Like Radio StationsLike Radio Stations

Phone Line Pros & ConsPhone Line Pros & Cons

AdvantagesAdvantagesEasy InstallationEasy InstallationInexpensiveInexpensiveStandardizedStandardizedReliableReliableOperates At Constant 10 MbpsOperates At Constant 10 Mbps

(Even With Phone Use)(Even With Phone Use)No Additional Network EquipmentNo Additional Network EquipmentSupports Up To 25 DevicesSupports Up To 25 DevicesFast For Bandwidth-Intensive AppsFast For Bandwidth-Intensive AppsCompatible With Other Networking Compatible With Other Networking TechnologiesTechnologiesWorks On MACs & Older SystemsWorks On MACs & Older Systems

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesPhone Jacks Close To PCPhone Jacks Close To PCMay Have To Run Phone May Have To Run Phone Extension CordsExtension CordsMay Have To Install New WiringMay Have To Install New WiringPhysical Limit Of 1000 Feet Of Physical Limit Of 1000 Feet Of Wiring Between DevicesWiring Between Devices

Wireless Network HardwareWireless Network Hardware

Wireless CardWireless Card

RouterRouter

Access PointAccess Point

Wireless Hardware PicturesWireless Hardware Pictures

How Wireless Networking WorksHow Wireless Networking Works

IEEE 802.11IEEE 802.11Direct Sequence Spread SpectrumDirect Sequence Spread Spectrum

DSSSDSSS

Frequency Hopping Spread SpectrumFrequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSSFHSS

HomeRFHomeRFShared Wireless ProtocolShared Wireless Protocol

SWAPSWAP

Wireless Ethernet Compatibility AllianceWireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECAWECA

Wireless FidelityWireless Fidelity Wi-FiWi-Fi

Wireless Pros & Cons (SWAP)Wireless Pros & Cons (SWAP)

AdvantagesAdvantagesInexpensiveInexpensiveEasy InstallationEasy InstallationNo Additional WiresNo Additional WiresNo Access PointNo Access PointAllows Up To 127 Allows Up To 127 DevicesDevicesAllows Multiple Networks Allows Multiple Networks In Same LocationIn Same LocationCan Use Data Encryption Can Use Data Encryption To Increase SecurityTo Increase Security

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesNot Very FastNot Very Fast

1 Mbps1 Mbps

Limited RangeLimited Range 75 to 125 Feet75 to 125 Feet

Not Compatible With Not Compatible With FHSS DevicesFHSS DevicesDifficult To Integrate Into Difficult To Integrate Into Existing Wired NetworksExisting Wired Networks

Wireless Pros & Cons (WIFI)Wireless Pros & Cons (WIFI)

AdvantagesAdvantages

FastFast 11 Mbps11 Mbps

ReliableReliable

Long RangeLong Range 1000 Feet1000 Feet

Easily Integrated Into Easily Integrated Into Existing Wired-Ethernet Existing Wired-Ethernet NetworksNetworks

Compatible With Original Compatible With Original 802.11 DSSS Devices802.11 DSSS Devices

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

ExpensiveExpensive

Can Be Difficult To SetupCan Be Difficult To Setup

Speed Can Fluctuate Speed Can Fluctuate SignificantlySignificantly

Types Of NetworksTypes Of Networks

Local Area Network (LAN)Local Area Network (LAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN)Wide Area Network (WAN)

Peer To PeerPeer To Peer

Client/ServerClient/Server

Network TopologiesNetwork TopologiesBusBus

All devices are connected to a central cable, called the bus or All devices are connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone.backbone.

StarStar All devices are connected to a central hub. Nodes communicate across All devices are connected to a central hub. Nodes communicate across

the network by passing data through the hub.the network by passing data through the hub.

RingRing All devices are connected directly to two other devices, one on either All devices are connected directly to two other devices, one on either

side of the other, in the shape of a closed loop, or ring.side of the other, in the shape of a closed loop, or ring.

MeshMesh Devices are interconnected to every other node in the network.Devices are interconnected to every other node in the network.

TreeTree A hybrid topology. Groups of star-configured networks are connected to A hybrid topology. Groups of star-configured networks are connected to

a linear bus backbone.a linear bus backbone.

Bus TopologyBus Topology

Star TopologyStar Topology

Ring TopologyRing Topology

Mesh TopologyMesh Topology

Tree TopologyTree Topology

Networking SoftwareNetworking Software

MicrosoftMicrosoft

SolarisSolaris

NovellNovell

SummarySummary

What Is Networking?What Is Networking?

How It WorksHow It Works

Ways To ConnectWays To Connect

Types Of NetworksTypes Of Networks

Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies

Networking SoftwareNetworking Software

SourcesSources

How Stuff WorksHow Stuff Works computer.howstuffworks.comcomputer.howstuffworks.com

QuestionsQuestions