Interfacing BLE with android based device

All India Seminar on

Internet Of Things (IoT) Trends that affects Life

22-23 January 2016At

Bhaikaka Bhawan, IE(I), GSC, INDIA

Day 2 – Session: 1(10:00 AM to 10:45 AM)

Interfacing BLE with an Android based Device

by

Prof. Hemal ShahProfessor, Ganpat University

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Outline• Introduction to Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) – What is LE Device?– Why BLE? – Role of BLE in IoT

• Hardware Samples - Beacons – Estimotes

• Accessing BLE Devices • Interfacing with Android based device – Read from and Write

in to Device Module – Demo– Output

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IoT- Architecture

Figure:1 Architecture [1]

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1. Perception layer/Physical Layer : Information origin and the core. All Information perceived and collected in this layer.

Ex : BLE ,wireless sensors network (WSN),RFID, ZIGBEE, Bluetooth etc.

2. Network layer : Access network and core network, provides transparent data transmission capability.

Ex: IPV4 and IPV6 Networks

3. Service layer : Application layer, includes data management sub-layer and application service sub-layer.

Ex: Smart Health, Smart Transport, Smart Home, Smart Crowd sensing

IoT- Architecture (Continue…)

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Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) Protocol StackBluetooth Low Energy device is Hardware and Software.

Figure:2 BLE Protocol Stack [2]

Assigned numbers are used in GAP for inquiry response, manufacturer-specific data, advertising data, low energy UUIDs and appearance characteristics, and class of device.

ATT is a much lower level mechanism that basically defines how to transfer a unit of data (an attribute).

GATT is built on top of ATT and defines how higher level services are composed and the framework for operating on those services.

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Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) (Cont..)

Role of Perception layer:• Manage Device Role (Master/Slave)• Enabling Advertisement Channels• Discoverability and convertibility modes• Advertisement of Interval and Data• Connection Interval, timeout, Slave Latency• Output Power

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Why BLE? [3]

Bluetooth LE NFC

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Technology

NFC RFID BT BLE Wi-Fi Zigbee WPAN WiMax

2G-3G

Power Low Low Low Low High Low Low High High

Speed (Kbps)

400 400 700 1000 100000

250 250 100000

5000

Distance covered in Meters

0.01 3 0 30 50-70 15 300 800 50000 Cellular Network depends

Cost to Build IoT

Less Less Less Less Average

Less Less High High

IoT Target Application

Payment Application, Share Details in short Distance

Product Identification, Tracking Segments

Data Exchange in Medium distance, with medium scale of data

Fitness Tracking, Health Monitoring

Interface with Internet, IoT Server communication

Automotive product support, Sensor Interface, Home Automation

Automotive product support, Sensor Interface, Smart City Automation

Interface with Internet, IoT Server communication

Interface with Internet, IoT Server communication

Figure 3 : Comparison of Different Communication Technologies [3]

Comparative measures of BLE with other Communication Technologies

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Bluetooth SMART READY support was Apple with their iPhone 4s. Since then, all of their devices iPads, iPhones, MacBooks and Apple TV too support BLE.

Samsung Galaxy series, Sony Xperia series and Google Nexus also started providing BLE functionality with the release of Android 4.3 API that came with BLE support.

BLE wearable Devices are:• Heart rate monitors • Smart watches • Fitness trackers

These devices send their tracking details to smartphone app of the wearer or other necessary party such as a personal physician.

Link1 Link2

BLE Applications

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What are Beacon?

• Beacons are Hardware Devices that can Emit and Receive BLE Signals [3].

• Beacons are BLE devices that can be placed throughout any ‘target’ area that emit a signal that can be detected by other BLE enabled devices.

• Depending on the beacon device and how

frequently it sends out a signal, the battery life can last for a year or longer.

• Certain mobile devices themselves can also act as a beacon that can both emit and receive signals.

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BLE Samples & Proximity

Estimotes Beacon

Micro Chip RN 4020

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Estimotes Beacon

• Estimote Beacon is a small computer [3].

• 32-bit ARM® Cortex M0 CPU with accelerometer, temperature sensor.

• 2.4 GHz radio using Bluetooth 4.0 Smart.

• Beacons can last more than 3 years on default settings on a single CR2477 battery.

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How we should access BLE? Purpose of accessing BLE Device:-

• Setup & Configuration of the UUID, Major, Minor values

•Discovery of Nearby Smart Device

•Connection Management & State Management of Smart Device

•Retrieve, understand and use characteristics •(Read/Write/Notify/Advertise) through Generic Attributes and Services (GATT Services)

•Naming and Addressing Devices

•Measurement of RSSI values of Nearby devices for Energy Modeling and Calculation for Energy Estimation

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Accessing Estimote Beacons

There are three ways to access:

1. Estimote App (Ex: NRF Master by Nordic) 2. Estimote Cloud (https://cloud.estimote.com/)

3. Estimote SDK (http://developer.estimote.com/)

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• Then on the Android Phone run any BLE app from • BLE Checker• BLE Scanner • BLE gatt • Nrf Master

• These all applications have the GATT Characteristics that is mainly supported by the BLE

• Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) is built on top of the Attribute Protocol (ATT)[2].

• GATT defines two roles: Server and Client.

Accessing Estimote BLE using Android APK

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Checking BLE Support with Android Phone using BLE Checker

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Discovery of Nearby Smart BLE Devices using BLE Scanner

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NRF Master Control Panel – GATT Server Configuration

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Sample GATT Server Configuration

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Generic Attributes (GATT) & Services – Clients (Node)

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Generic Attributes (GATT) & Services – Server(System)

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Generic Attributes (GATT) & Services – Server(System)

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Renaming Estimotes name using Android

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Renaming Estimotes using Android

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Renaming Estimotes name using Android

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05/03/2023 27Android Code of APK

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Estimotes Setting through Estimote Cloud

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Estimotes Setting through Estimote Cloud (Cont..)

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References[1] Xiaolin Jia, Quanyuan Feng , Taihua Fan, Quanshui Lei, “RFID technology and its applications in Internet of

Things (IoT)”, Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet), 2012 2nd International Conference, IEEE, April-2012.

[2] https://www.bluetooth.org/tpg/RefNotes

[3] ”BLE/Beacons/ibeacon, Internet of Things”, Tim McKendrick ,Director of Project Management | Vectorform

[4] An introduction to beacon, Locolo,Beekn, www.BEEKn.net

[5] https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-bluetooth-low-energy-means-internet-things-premaratne

[6] Microchip RN4020 (Bluetooth Low Energy Module)- Guide, 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. , Advance Information ,DS50002279A.

[7] Saminath.V, Jung Su ,”Understanding of Internet of Things (IoT) and Experimental Approach using WICED Sense in Android Platform “, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2015, ISSN 2250-3153.

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Acknowledgment

• Prof. Rahul Shrimali, Ph.D Scholar, Ganpat University• Prof. Umang Shukla, Asst Professor, SAL Engineering College• Ms. Jinal Patel, M. Tech. Scholar, Saffrony Institute of Technology

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Thank You

Reach Us:Hemal.shah@ganpatuniversity.ac.in