Integration of CCA and DRR into Development : Bangladesh ... of CC into... · ∗Integration of CCA into Bangladesh National planning process; Perspective Plan/Sixth Five year plan
Post on 27-Jul-2018
225 Views
Preview:
Transcript
Integration of CCA and DRR into Development :
Bangladesh Experience
Mohammad Abdul QayyumNational Project Director
CDMP II
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
1
∗ Bangladesh remains to be one of the world’s poorest
countries, but also the most resilient!
∗ Left unaddressed, climate change will increase and
intensify Bangladesh’s disaster risks:
∗ Frequency and intensity of hazards such as flood,
drought, salinity, cyclone, tidal surge, sea level rise etc.
∗ Which will affect: ∗ (i) Food Security;
∗ (ii) Increased Vector Borne Diseases;
∗ (iii) increased Infrastructural Damage and
∗ (iv) Degradation of Natural Resources, Upon which livelihood is dependent.
Bangladesh’ Context2
Issue 1: Perspective gap“Conventional development perspectives
are not intuitively receptive to DRR&CCA”
Perspectives
Sustainable
Development
Espouses:
Meanwhile, DRR &
CCA
are leaning more
towards
Priorities Vision Local risk
Approach Top down Bottom up
Scope Macro Localized
Time span Long term Short-Mid–Long term
Premium Econ Growth Reduced Risks
3
Finance Division
Internal Resources Division
Bdesh Bureau of Statistics
Bangladesh Bank
Planning Divisions
PLANNING
COMMISSION
Line Ministries / Divisions
Implementing Agencies
Sub-Implementing
Agencies
(Contractors)
Communities
Economic
Relations
Divisions
Development
Partners
Long Term
VisionMedium
Term Plan
allocations based on size
of population and area
Issue 2: Coordination
gap
Ultimately:
Not sensitive to
local disaster and
climate risks
Issues :
•Inter-sectoral coordination gaps
•Two separate ministries for DRR and
CCA
•Prominent power dynamics at national
and local level
4
Issue 3: Institutional Gap
POLICY PLANNING
SECTORAL PLANNING
PROGRAMME PLANNING
PROJECT PLANNING
EVALUATION
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
AND MONITORING
i. Determination of Goals, objectives,
priorities and strategies and policy
measure
ii. Identification of the required role
sectors to play in the context of goal and
objectives
iii. Formulation of detailed sectoral
programmes
iv. Preparation of projects embodying
investment decisions
v. Institution of appropriate management
apparatus for supervision and efficient
completion of projects
vi. Review of effects of project,
programmes and plans
AGENCY/
IMED
IMED
5
And thus the rationale for Integration
Development
means
Wellbeing of
Society,
Economy, &
Environment
Climate
Change and
Disasters
challenge
development
gains and
future goals
In order to be
sustainable
development
must be
resilient
Integrating
Disaster and
Climate Risks,
is thus a
necessity,
towards
sustainable
development
• Bangladesh cannot afford to go about with the development
business-as-usual
• Unless development policy decision is taken today,
Bangladesh’ future development will not be sustainable
6
∗ CCA & DRR integration
∗ is a country driven process
∗ Which depends upon the respective countries
to what extent mainstreaming is required
∗ And to what extent the governance system
allows the country to incorporate CCA & DRR
into the development process.
Towards the Integration of CCA/DRRWhat is integration?
7
∗ Integration of CCA & DRR in Bangladesh is conducted
through these levels:
1. National Planning Process
2. Sectoral Policies
3. Project Development Cycle
4. Budgetary Process
Bangladesh Framework for Integration 8
∗ Integration of CCA into Bangladesh National planning
process; Perspective Plan/Sixth Five year plan /
Medium-Term Budgetary Framework (MTBF) 2013-14
to 2017-18
∗ Actions:
1. Improve the Quality of monitoring data;
2. Coordination at the highest level;
3. Long Term Vision;
4. Ensure Adequate Resources;
5. Increasing Donor Support
1. National Level Planning
Process: 9
National Long Term Vision
National Short to Medium Term
policies, e.g. PRSP
National Budget
y
c
y
c
l
e
s
t
a
g
e
s
Policy
Formulation
Planning
Resource
Allocation
Sector
Level Dev
Plan
Sector
Budget
Envelop
Programming/
Implementation
Bangladesh Development Planning Architecture
Multi year Development Plan
Sector
Level Dev
Plan
Sector
Budget
Envelop
Sector X Sector Y
Propose
investment
Propose
investment
Allocate
Budget
Allocate
Budget
11
∗ Integration of climate change adaptation/DRR into
Bangladesh relevant sectoral Policies and Programme;
∗ Action:1. Public Service Delivery;
2. Assessment: Sector Specific Assessment;
3. Increase Awareness of Sectoral Planners;
4. Updating Climate Baselines;
5. Capacity Development within Sectors
2. Sectoral level Integration12
Na
tio
nal
Le
vel
Pol
ici
es
an
d
Pla
ns
Sectoral Strategy and Policies
Sectoral Plan
Sectoral Programming
Sectoral Investment Programme Top
down project Project Proposal from district x, y, z
i
c
y
c
y
c
l
e
s
t
a
g
e
s
Policy
Formulation
Planning
Resource
Allocation
Sectoral
Budget
Envelop
Additional
resource for
adaptation
Bottom up projects
Top down projects
Programming/
Implementation
Sectoral level governance architecture with key interventions for
adaptation
-Act on Priorities established at the
National Level;
-Include recognition of risks
-Apply a Climate Lens;
-Build in sector level top-down
adaptation activities
-Make room in the budget for cross
sectoral adaptation activities;
-Add climate considerations to criteria
used to assess Project Proposal
13
∗ Development Project Proforma (DPP) & Technical Project Proposal (TPP) formats;
∗ Project level is critical for integration of Climate Considerations
∗ Actions:1. Emphasis on Testing Climate Risk Assessment;
2. Downscaling Climate Change Projections and uncertainties;
3. Develop analytical framework for costing of adaptation measures: Cost Benefit Analysis, Multi Criteria Analysis and Cost Effectiveness Analysis;
4. Evaluate systematically effects & effectiveness of integration on Adaptation;
5. Invest more in Capacity Building.
3. Project Level IntegrationProject Development Cycle
14
The project cycle with key interventions
for adaptation
Identify Potential Risk and
Effects on Vulnerability
Undertake in- depth
Risk Assessment
Identify Potential Options;
Prioritize & select adaptation
option
M & E Implementation of
Adaptation measures
within projects
For new project implement
selected adaptation options
15
∗ Budgetary Process: Annual Development Programme
(ADP) translates National Plans/Strategy objectives into
concrete interventions for a particular year synchronized
with the annual development budget.
4. Budgetary Process16
∗ Existing Funds∗ Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund (BCCTF)
– from Revenue Budget (CCA including comprehensive disaster management)
∗ Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund (BCCRF) – provided by Development Partners (CCA)
∗ Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF) –provided by Development Partners (DRR including CCA)
∗ Employment Generation Program for the Poorest (EGPP)
∗ Proposed Funds∗ Disaster Management Fund
Bangladesh CCA/DRR Financing17
∗ Climate Change Impacts are manifested
locally affecting livelihood;
∗ Integration capacity depend on local
condition;
∗ Integration best observed at local level
Local Level Integration
Why at Local level?
18
Entry points for DRR/CCA
Integration
NATIONAL LEVEL
PLANNING
•Sixth Five Year Plan
•Perspective Plan
•Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP)
•Physical framework/Land use plans
Sectoral policies,
plans and programs
•Agriculture
•Environment
•Health
•Water
•Power & Energy and Industry etc.
LOCAL LEVEL
IMPLEMENTATION •Upazilla Development Plans (incl. Village Action Plans)
•Adjustment in local regulatory and service provision
•Local government accounting mechanism
•Engaging Private Sector and Civil Society
19
∗ Legislative arrangements for DRR/CCA
∗ Strategy to coordinate and monitor Implementation
mechanism in all sectors and levels
∗ Institutional arrangements, budgetary allocation ,
capacity development at national and local level
∗ Strengthening partnerships between various agencies
thus ensuring horizontal and vertical linkages
∗ Political will/commitment
∗ Setting DRR/CCA goals and indicators: capacity to
monitor and evaluate initiatives
Enabling Environment20
Name of Policies/Strategies/Plans/Guidelines
✓Perspective Plan: Making Vision 2021 a Reality
✓6th Five Year Plan
✓National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA), 2009
✓Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (2009)
✓Steps towards change: National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction (2009-2011)
✓National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS)
Policies sensitive to CC✓Coastal Zone Policy, 2005
Policies somewhat sensitive to CC✓National Health Policy, 2010✓National Plan for Disaster Management
✓Standing Order on Disaster
✓National Disaster Management Act
✓National Plan for Disaster Management
✓Environment Policy, 1992
✓National Forest Policy 1994
✓Industrial policy, 2005
✓Integrated Pest Management Policy 2002
✓Land Use Policy 2001
✓National policy for safe water supply & sanitation 1998
✓National Population Policy 2004
✓National Seed Policy
✓National Water policy 1999
✓National Agriculture policy ,1999
✓National Biotechnology policy, 1999
✓National Fisheries policy 1998
✓National Food policy 2006
✓Renewable Energy Policy of Bangladesh 2008
✓Social and resettlement policy framework 2009
✓Truism policy, 2009
✓Information Communication and technology policy 2009
EXISTING POLICIES
SENSITIVE/SOMEWHAT SENSITIVE TO
CC21
Plans
∗ Perspective Plan 2010-2021: Making Vision 2021 a Reality
∗ Sixth Five-Year Plan (SFYP) 2011-15 (Chapter 8: Env., CC & DM for
sustainable Development)
∗ National Sustainable Development strategy (NSDS)
∗ Revision of Development Project Proforma (DPP)/TPP
Budget
∗ Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR)
∗ Climate Fiscal Framework (National and Local)
∗ Creation of several funds
Capacity Building
∗ Capacity Building of Public Sector Planning Professionals
∗ Creation of E-platform
Recent Achievements in Integrating
Climate Change in the planning
process
22
∗ Lack of detailed information on climate change;
∗ Lack of willingness to allocate resources in
study/research to generate scientific knowledge that could
contribute to review and develop new plans
∗ Lack of awareness as well as lack of capacity;
∗ Climate Change is still not high enough in the agenda;
∗ Resource Allocation – inadequate compared to the need.
KEY CHALLENGES 23
Mainstreaming DRR and CCA into Dev. Plans
and Prog.
Urban Risk
Reduction
Climate Change
Adaptation
Professionalising the DM
System
Comprehensive Disaster Management
Programme (CDMP II)
Rural Risk
Reduction
Disaster Preparedness and
Response
24
• Integrate DRR & CCA in long & medium term Dev. Plans
• Revise the Development Project Proforma format: Incorporating
DRR & CCA for compliance
Assist the plans of Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
Enter agreements with 14 sectoral Ministries/Dept.:
•Influencing sectoral policies/guidelines
•Building policy & implementation capacities
•Incorporating DRR & CCA into sectors
•Implementing pilot projects
Establish standardized methods for:
•Community Risk Assessment (CRA)
•Fast Tracked Risk Assessment (FTRA)
•Risk Reduction Action Plan (RRAP)
Implement large scale interventions through innovative
financing:
•Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund
CDMP Experience in mainstreaming DRR & CCA into
Development Planning
National
Sectoral
Local
25
Innovative Local Disaster Risk
Reduction Funds26
Co
mm
unity
Pa
rtic
ipa
tio
nLocal Disaster Risk Reduction Fund
(LDRRF)
Priority measures identification
for risk reduction,
preventive, mitigation
Translate into specific
Structural or nonstructural
project/ scheme
Technical Committee
Approval Committee
CD
MP
LD
RR
F
Secre
tariat
Scientific
and local
knowledg
e
Implementation
DM
Cm
tee
De
pt.
NG
O/IN
G
O
Ou
tso
urc
e
Grants
Monitoring
Lo
ca
l
Co
mm
itte
e
Mo
nito
rin
g
Te
am
Re
vie
w T
ea
m
Hig
h o
ffic
ial
vis
it
Evaluation
CR
AR
RA
PHazard
identification
& analysis
Risk &
Vulnerability
analysis
Capacity
analysis
Funding
Mostly go to
local Dev. Plan
innovative,
community
level,
simple
27
▪ Revising DPP to include DRR & CCA issues
▪ DRR & CCA sectoral mainstreaming guidelines as per
the revised SOD
▪ Action research to identify sectoral adaptation options
▪ LOA with 13 departments of 12 ministries
● Organizational action plans
● DRR&CCA inclusion in sectoral policies
● Institutional capacity building
● Piloting options
● 32,000 urban volunteers
● Increase flood warning lead time
Integration of disaster and climate proofing28
▪ Integrating CCA principles to the programme
● Training Module Development on DRR & CCA
● Climate lens for project screening
● Adaptation Option Menu for different hazards
● Risk Atlas for 10 Vulnerable Upazilas (piloting)
● 1,700 Union factsheets
▪ Generating CC impact scenarios
● Studies on drought, flood, salinity, and storm
surge
▪ Study on ‘Trends and impact analysis of Internal
Displacement due to Impacts of Disaster & CC’
▪ Research on non-farm livelihood options
▪ Non-farm livelihood support to Communities
▪ Advocacy and communication materials
Community level Climate Change Adaptation29
THANK YOU
For more information contact:
Comprehensive Disaster Management
Programme (CDMP II)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor)
92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255
Website: www.cdmp.org.bd
30
top related