Instructor: M Sc. Eng. Nagham Ali Hasan 2 nd lecture- 2 nd semester 2008/2009 University of Palestine College of Applied Engineering & Urban Planning Department.

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Instructor

M Sc Eng Nagham Ali Hasan

2nd lecture- 2nd semester 20082009

University of PalestineCollege of Applied Engineering amp Urban Planning

Department of Architecture Interior Design amp Planning

LIGHTING DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURE

ldquoDAYLIGHTrdquo

DAYLIGHT

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

2

Importance Of The Daylight Daylight Sources Daylight Components Daylight Strategies Daylight Calculations

Master Movies

Three Components of DaylightingDesign

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

3

1048708 Aesthetics (light and shadow color viewhellip)

1048708 Human performance (psychology and biology benefits)

1048708 Energy (sustainable design)

Daylight for the beauty

How much daylight (footcandles- lux)

Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)

4

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

Sky conditions

Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover

Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover

5

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible

6

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light

Components of the Natural Light

There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building

Fig Components of the Natural Light

Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window

Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window

2 Distance between the point and window

SC varies from 001 to 15

2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

8

Daylight Componenthellip

Daylight factor defined as

The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

9

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

For cloudy sky

For clear sky

10

Key Architectural Issues

The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

4 contexts)

5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

11

The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

bull the time of daymonthyear

bull the current sky conditions

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

12

Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

Daylight systems

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

13

How redirect the daylight into spaces

1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

Vertical windows

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

14

Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

Windowshellip

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

15

The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

In overcast sky condition

Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

16

The Effect of Window Height on DF

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

17

The Effect of Window Shape on DF

bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

(a) is for three tall windows and

(b) is for one long high-level window

Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

18

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

19

Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

20

21

Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

Minimum Reflectance Values

Typical lightshelf

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

Skylight

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

24

Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

25

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

26

English court

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

27

Roof Monitor

28

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

bull Saw-tooth skylight

Saw-tooth

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

29

Saw-tooth orientation

Saw-tooth inclination

Saw-tooth

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

30

Saw-tooth preferred dimension

Saw-tooth reflectors

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

31

Mt Airy Public Library

Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

32

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

34

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

Atrium35

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

bull

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

Mashroom column

Frank loyd Write

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

Daylight factor

Artificial light (lux)

05250

10500

15750

201000

39

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

Innovated Daylighting Systems

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

40

bullLight Pipes

bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

3EMITTER

The Light Pipe Principle

Light Pipeshellip

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

41

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

42

Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

London Art museum

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

48

Polla museum in Japan

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

النقل جهاز

The Heliostat System

The Heliostat System

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

The Heliostat System

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

51

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

5-

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

Daylighting calculations

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

57

Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

ExampleDaylighting calculations

An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

58

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

Total

Indicative daylight factors

60

Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

61

(a) Sidelighting average

DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

(b) Horizontal skylight

DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

and Hwin is the window head height (m)

  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 25
  • Slide 33
  • Slide 36
  • Slide 37
  • Slide 38
  • Slide 43
  • Slide 44
  • Slide 45
  • Slide 46
  • Slide 47
  • Slide 49
  • Slide 50
  • Slide 52
  • Slide 53
  • Slide 54
  • Slide 55
  • Slide 56
  • Slide 59

    DAYLIGHT

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    2

    Importance Of The Daylight Daylight Sources Daylight Components Daylight Strategies Daylight Calculations

    Master Movies

    Three Components of DaylightingDesign

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    3

    1048708 Aesthetics (light and shadow color viewhellip)

    1048708 Human performance (psychology and biology benefits)

    1048708 Energy (sustainable design)

    Daylight for the beauty

    How much daylight (footcandles- lux)

    Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)

    4

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    Sky conditions

    Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover

    Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover

    5

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible

    6

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light

    Components of the Natural Light

    There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building

    Fig Components of the Natural Light

    Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window

    Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window

    2 Distance between the point and window

    SC varies from 001 to 15

    2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

    Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

    The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

    3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

    Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    8

    Daylight Componenthellip

    Daylight factor defined as

    The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

    9

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    For cloudy sky

    For clear sky

    10

    Key Architectural Issues

    The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

    1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

    2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

    3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

    4 contexts)

    5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

    6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

    7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

    8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

    9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

    10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

    11

    The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

    bull the time of daymonthyear

    bull the current sky conditions

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    12

    Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

    Daylight systems

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    13

    How redirect the daylight into spaces

    1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

    Vertical windows

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    14

    Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

    bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

    Windowshellip

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    15

    The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

    In overcast sky condition

    Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    16

    The Effect of Window Height on DF

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    17

    The Effect of Window Shape on DF

    bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

    (a) is for three tall windows and

    (b) is for one long high-level window

    Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    18

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    19

    Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    20

    21

    Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

    Minimum Reflectance Values

    Typical lightshelf

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

    Skylight

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    24

    Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    25

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    26

    English court

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    27

    Roof Monitor

    28

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    bull Saw-tooth skylight

    Saw-tooth

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    29

    Saw-tooth orientation

    Saw-tooth inclination

    Saw-tooth

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    30

    Saw-tooth preferred dimension

    Saw-tooth reflectors

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    31

    Mt Airy Public Library

    Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    32

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

    Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

    Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

    34

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    Atrium35

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    bull

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

    Mashroom column

    Frank loyd Write

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

    Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

    Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

    artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

    Daylight factor

    Artificial light (lux)

    05250

    10500

    15750

    201000

    39

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    Innovated Daylighting Systems

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    40

    bullLight Pipes

    bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

    2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

    3EMITTER

    The Light Pipe Principle

    Light Pipeshellip

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    41

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    42

    Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

    اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

    London Art museum

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    48

    Polla museum in Japan

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

    أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

    النقل جهاز

    The Heliostat System

    The Heliostat System

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

    The Heliostat System

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    51

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

    متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

    الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

    مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

    )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

    5-

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

    The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

    Daylighting calculations

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    57

    Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

    obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

    A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

    ExampleDaylighting calculations

    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    58

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

    Total

    Indicative daylight factors

    60

    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

    61

    (a) Sidelighting average

    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

    (b) Horizontal skylight

    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
    • Slide 22
    • Slide 23
    • Slide 25
    • Slide 33
    • Slide 36
    • Slide 37
    • Slide 38
    • Slide 43
    • Slide 44
    • Slide 45
    • Slide 46
    • Slide 47
    • Slide 49
    • Slide 50
    • Slide 52
    • Slide 53
    • Slide 54
    • Slide 55
    • Slide 56
    • Slide 59

      Three Components of DaylightingDesign

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      3

      1048708 Aesthetics (light and shadow color viewhellip)

      1048708 Human performance (psychology and biology benefits)

      1048708 Energy (sustainable design)

      Daylight for the beauty

      How much daylight (footcandles- lux)

      Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)

      4

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      Sky conditions

      Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover

      Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover

      5

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible

      6

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light

      Components of the Natural Light

      There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building

      Fig Components of the Natural Light

      Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window

      Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window

      2 Distance between the point and window

      SC varies from 001 to 15

      2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

      Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

      The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

      3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

      Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      8

      Daylight Componenthellip

      Daylight factor defined as

      The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

      9

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      For cloudy sky

      For clear sky

      10

      Key Architectural Issues

      The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

      1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

      2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

      3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

      4 contexts)

      5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

      6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

      7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

      8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

      9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

      10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

      11

      The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

      bull the time of daymonthyear

      bull the current sky conditions

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      12

      Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

      Daylight systems

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      13

      How redirect the daylight into spaces

      1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

      Vertical windows

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      14

      Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

      bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

      Windowshellip

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      15

      The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

      In overcast sky condition

      Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      16

      The Effect of Window Height on DF

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      17

      The Effect of Window Shape on DF

      bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

      (a) is for three tall windows and

      (b) is for one long high-level window

      Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      18

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      19

      Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      20

      21

      Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

      Minimum Reflectance Values

      Typical lightshelf

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

      Skylight

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      24

      Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      25

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      26

      English court

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      27

      Roof Monitor

      28

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      bull Saw-tooth skylight

      Saw-tooth

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      29

      Saw-tooth orientation

      Saw-tooth inclination

      Saw-tooth

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      30

      Saw-tooth preferred dimension

      Saw-tooth reflectors

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      31

      Mt Airy Public Library

      Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      32

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

      Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

      Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

      34

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      Atrium35

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      bull

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

      Mashroom column

      Frank loyd Write

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

      Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

      Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

      artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

      Daylight factor

      Artificial light (lux)

      05250

      10500

      15750

      201000

      39

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      Innovated Daylighting Systems

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      40

      bullLight Pipes

      bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

      2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

      3EMITTER

      The Light Pipe Principle

      Light Pipeshellip

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      41

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      42

      Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

      اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

      London Art museum

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      48

      Polla museum in Japan

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

      أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

      النقل جهاز

      The Heliostat System

      The Heliostat System

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

      The Heliostat System

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      51

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

      متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

      الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

      مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

      )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

      5-

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

      The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

      Daylighting calculations

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      57

      Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

      obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

      A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

      ExampleDaylighting calculations

      An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

      Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      58

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

      Total

      Indicative daylight factors

      60

      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

      61

      (a) Sidelighting average

      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

      (b) Horizontal skylight

      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
      • Slide 22
      • Slide 23
      • Slide 25
      • Slide 33
      • Slide 36
      • Slide 37
      • Slide 38
      • Slide 43
      • Slide 44
      • Slide 45
      • Slide 46
      • Slide 47
      • Slide 49
      • Slide 50
      • Slide 52
      • Slide 53
      • Slide 54
      • Slide 55
      • Slide 56
      • Slide 59

        Daylight for the beauty

        How much daylight (footcandles- lux)

        Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)

        4

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        Sky conditions

        Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover

        Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover

        5

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible

        6

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light

        Components of the Natural Light

        There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building

        Fig Components of the Natural Light

        Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window

        Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window

        2 Distance between the point and window

        SC varies from 001 to 15

        2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

        Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

        The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

        3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

        Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        8

        Daylight Componenthellip

        Daylight factor defined as

        The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

        9

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        For cloudy sky

        For clear sky

        10

        Key Architectural Issues

        The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

        1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

        2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

        3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

        4 contexts)

        5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

        6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

        7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

        8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

        9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

        10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

        11

        The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

        bull the time of daymonthyear

        bull the current sky conditions

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        12

        Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

        Daylight systems

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        13

        How redirect the daylight into spaces

        1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

        Vertical windows

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        14

        Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

        bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

        Windowshellip

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        15

        The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

        In overcast sky condition

        Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        16

        The Effect of Window Height on DF

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        17

        The Effect of Window Shape on DF

        bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

        (a) is for three tall windows and

        (b) is for one long high-level window

        Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        18

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        19

        Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        20

        21

        Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

        Minimum Reflectance Values

        Typical lightshelf

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

        Skylight

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        24

        Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        25

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        26

        English court

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        27

        Roof Monitor

        28

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        bull Saw-tooth skylight

        Saw-tooth

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        29

        Saw-tooth orientation

        Saw-tooth inclination

        Saw-tooth

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        30

        Saw-tooth preferred dimension

        Saw-tooth reflectors

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        31

        Mt Airy Public Library

        Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        32

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

        Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

        Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

        34

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        Atrium35

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        bull

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

        Mashroom column

        Frank loyd Write

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

        Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

        Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

        artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

        Daylight factor

        Artificial light (lux)

        05250

        10500

        15750

        201000

        39

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        Innovated Daylighting Systems

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        40

        bullLight Pipes

        bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

        2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

        3EMITTER

        The Light Pipe Principle

        Light Pipeshellip

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        41

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        42

        Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

        اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

        London Art museum

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        48

        Polla museum in Japan

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

        أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

        النقل جهاز

        The Heliostat System

        The Heliostat System

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

        The Heliostat System

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        51

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

        متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

        الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

        مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

        )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

        5-

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

        The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

        Daylighting calculations

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        57

        Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

        obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

        A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

        ExampleDaylighting calculations

        An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

        Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        58

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

        The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

        (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

        (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

        (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

        (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

        (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

        mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

        Total

        Indicative daylight factors

        60

        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

        61

        (a) Sidelighting average

        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

        (b) Horizontal skylight

        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
        • Slide 22
        • Slide 23
        • Slide 25
        • Slide 33
        • Slide 36
        • Slide 37
        • Slide 38
        • Slide 43
        • Slide 44
        • Slide 45
        • Slide 46
        • Slide 47
        • Slide 49
        • Slide 50
        • Slide 52
        • Slide 53
        • Slide 54
        • Slide 55
        • Slide 56
        • Slide 59

          Sky conditions

          Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover

          Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover

          5

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible

          6

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light

          Components of the Natural Light

          There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building

          Fig Components of the Natural Light

          Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window

          Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window

          2 Distance between the point and window

          SC varies from 001 to 15

          2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

          Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

          The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

          3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

          Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          8

          Daylight Componenthellip

          Daylight factor defined as

          The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

          9

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          For cloudy sky

          For clear sky

          10

          Key Architectural Issues

          The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

          1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

          2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

          3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

          4 contexts)

          5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

          6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

          7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

          8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

          9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

          10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

          11

          The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

          bull the time of daymonthyear

          bull the current sky conditions

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          12

          Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

          Daylight systems

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          13

          How redirect the daylight into spaces

          1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

          Vertical windows

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          14

          Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

          bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

          Windowshellip

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          15

          The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

          In overcast sky condition

          Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          16

          The Effect of Window Height on DF

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          17

          The Effect of Window Shape on DF

          bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

          (a) is for three tall windows and

          (b) is for one long high-level window

          Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          18

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          19

          Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          20

          21

          Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

          Minimum Reflectance Values

          Typical lightshelf

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

          Skylight

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          24

          Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          25

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          26

          English court

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          27

          Roof Monitor

          28

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          bull Saw-tooth skylight

          Saw-tooth

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          29

          Saw-tooth orientation

          Saw-tooth inclination

          Saw-tooth

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          30

          Saw-tooth preferred dimension

          Saw-tooth reflectors

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          31

          Mt Airy Public Library

          Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          32

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

          Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

          Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

          34

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          Atrium35

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          bull

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

          Mashroom column

          Frank loyd Write

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

          Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

          Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

          artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

          Daylight factor

          Artificial light (lux)

          05250

          10500

          15750

          201000

          39

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          Innovated Daylighting Systems

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          40

          bullLight Pipes

          bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

          2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

          3EMITTER

          The Light Pipe Principle

          Light Pipeshellip

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          41

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          42

          Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

          اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

          London Art museum

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          48

          Polla museum in Japan

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

          أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

          النقل جهاز

          The Heliostat System

          The Heliostat System

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

          The Heliostat System

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          51

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

          متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

          الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

          مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

          )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

          5-

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

          The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

          Daylighting calculations

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          57

          Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

          obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

          A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

          ExampleDaylighting calculations

          An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

          Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          58

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

          The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

          (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

          (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

          (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

          (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

          (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

          mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

          Total

          Indicative daylight factors

          60

          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

          61

          (a) Sidelighting average

          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

          (b) Horizontal skylight

          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
          • Slide 22
          • Slide 23
          • Slide 25
          • Slide 33
          • Slide 36
          • Slide 37
          • Slide 38
          • Slide 43
          • Slide 44
          • Slide 45
          • Slide 46
          • Slide 47
          • Slide 49
          • Slide 50
          • Slide 52
          • Slide 53
          • Slide 54
          • Slide 55
          • Slide 56
          • Slide 59

            6

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light

            Components of the Natural Light

            There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building

            Fig Components of the Natural Light

            Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window

            Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window

            2 Distance between the point and window

            SC varies from 001 to 15

            2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

            Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

            The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

            3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

            Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            8

            Daylight Componenthellip

            Daylight factor defined as

            The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

            9

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            For cloudy sky

            For clear sky

            10

            Key Architectural Issues

            The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

            1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

            2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

            3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

            4 contexts)

            5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

            6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

            7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

            8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

            9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

            10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

            11

            The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

            bull the time of daymonthyear

            bull the current sky conditions

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            12

            Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

            Daylight systems

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            13

            How redirect the daylight into spaces

            1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

            Vertical windows

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            14

            Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

            bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

            Windowshellip

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            15

            The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

            In overcast sky condition

            Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            16

            The Effect of Window Height on DF

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            17

            The Effect of Window Shape on DF

            bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

            (a) is for three tall windows and

            (b) is for one long high-level window

            Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            18

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            19

            Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            20

            21

            Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

            Minimum Reflectance Values

            Typical lightshelf

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

            Skylight

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            24

            Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            25

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            26

            English court

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            27

            Roof Monitor

            28

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            bull Saw-tooth skylight

            Saw-tooth

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            29

            Saw-tooth orientation

            Saw-tooth inclination

            Saw-tooth

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            30

            Saw-tooth preferred dimension

            Saw-tooth reflectors

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            31

            Mt Airy Public Library

            Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            32

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

            Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

            Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

            34

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            Atrium35

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            bull

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

            Mashroom column

            Frank loyd Write

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

            Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

            Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

            artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

            Daylight factor

            Artificial light (lux)

            05250

            10500

            15750

            201000

            39

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            Innovated Daylighting Systems

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            40

            bullLight Pipes

            bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

            2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

            3EMITTER

            The Light Pipe Principle

            Light Pipeshellip

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            41

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            42

            Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

            اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

            London Art museum

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            48

            Polla museum in Japan

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

            أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

            النقل جهاز

            The Heliostat System

            The Heliostat System

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

            The Heliostat System

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            51

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

            متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

            الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

            مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

            )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

            5-

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

            The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

            Daylighting calculations

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            57

            Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

            obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

            A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

            ExampleDaylighting calculations

            An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

            Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            58

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

            The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

            (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

            (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

            (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

            (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

            (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

            mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

            Total

            Indicative daylight factors

            60

            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

            61

            (a) Sidelighting average

            DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

            (b) Horizontal skylight

            DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

            a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

            and Hwin is the window head height (m)

            • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
            • Slide 22
            • Slide 23
            • Slide 25
            • Slide 33
            • Slide 36
            • Slide 37
            • Slide 38
            • Slide 43
            • Slide 44
            • Slide 45
            • Slide 46
            • Slide 47
            • Slide 49
            • Slide 50
            • Slide 52
            • Slide 53
            • Slide 54
            • Slide 55
            • Slide 56
            • Slide 59

              Components of the Natural Light

              There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building

              Fig Components of the Natural Light

              Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window

              Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window

              2 Distance between the point and window

              SC varies from 001 to 15

              2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

              Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

              The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

              3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

              Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              8

              Daylight Componenthellip

              Daylight factor defined as

              The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

              9

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              For cloudy sky

              For clear sky

              10

              Key Architectural Issues

              The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

              1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

              2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

              3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

              4 contexts)

              5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

              6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

              7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

              8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

              9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

              10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

              11

              The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

              bull the time of daymonthyear

              bull the current sky conditions

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              12

              Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

              Daylight systems

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              13

              How redirect the daylight into spaces

              1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

              Vertical windows

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              14

              Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

              bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

              Windowshellip

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              15

              The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

              In overcast sky condition

              Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              16

              The Effect of Window Height on DF

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              17

              The Effect of Window Shape on DF

              bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

              (a) is for three tall windows and

              (b) is for one long high-level window

              Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              18

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              19

              Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              20

              21

              Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

              Minimum Reflectance Values

              Typical lightshelf

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

              Skylight

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              24

              Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              25

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              26

              English court

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              27

              Roof Monitor

              28

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              bull Saw-tooth skylight

              Saw-tooth

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              29

              Saw-tooth orientation

              Saw-tooth inclination

              Saw-tooth

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              30

              Saw-tooth preferred dimension

              Saw-tooth reflectors

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              31

              Mt Airy Public Library

              Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              32

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

              Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

              Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

              34

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              Atrium35

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              bull

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

              Mashroom column

              Frank loyd Write

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

              Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

              Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

              artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

              Daylight factor

              Artificial light (lux)

              05250

              10500

              15750

              201000

              39

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              Innovated Daylighting Systems

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              40

              bullLight Pipes

              bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

              2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

              3EMITTER

              The Light Pipe Principle

              Light Pipeshellip

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              41

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              42

              Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

              اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

              London Art museum

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              48

              Polla museum in Japan

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

              أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

              النقل جهاز

              The Heliostat System

              The Heliostat System

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

              The Heliostat System

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              51

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

              متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

              الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

              مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

              )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

              5-

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

              The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

              Daylighting calculations

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              57

              Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

              obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

              A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

              ExampleDaylighting calculations

              An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

              Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              58

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

              The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

              (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

              (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

              (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

              (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

              (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

              mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

              Total

              Indicative daylight factors

              60

              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

              61

              (a) Sidelighting average

              DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

              (b) Horizontal skylight

              DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

              a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

              and Hwin is the window head height (m)

              • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
              • Slide 22
              • Slide 23
              • Slide 25
              • Slide 33
              • Slide 36
              • Slide 37
              • Slide 38
              • Slide 43
              • Slide 44
              • Slide 45
              • Slide 46
              • Slide 47
              • Slide 49
              • Slide 50
              • Slide 52
              • Slide 53
              • Slide 54
              • Slide 55
              • Slide 56
              • Slide 59

                2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings

                Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small

                The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky

                3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room

                Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                8

                Daylight Componenthellip

                Daylight factor defined as

                The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

                9

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                For cloudy sky

                For clear sky

                10

                Key Architectural Issues

                The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

                1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

                2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

                3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

                4 contexts)

                5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

                6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

                7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

                8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

                9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

                10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

                11

                The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

                bull the time of daymonthyear

                bull the current sky conditions

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                12

                Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

                Daylight systems

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                13

                How redirect the daylight into spaces

                1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

                Vertical windows

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                14

                Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

                bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

                Windowshellip

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                15

                The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                In overcast sky condition

                Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                16

                The Effect of Window Height on DF

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                17

                The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                (a) is for three tall windows and

                (b) is for one long high-level window

                Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                18

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                19

                Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                20

                21

                Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                Minimum Reflectance Values

                Typical lightshelf

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                Skylight

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                24

                Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                25

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                26

                English court

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                27

                Roof Monitor

                28

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                bull Saw-tooth skylight

                Saw-tooth

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                29

                Saw-tooth orientation

                Saw-tooth inclination

                Saw-tooth

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                30

                Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                Saw-tooth reflectors

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                31

                Mt Airy Public Library

                Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                32

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                34

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                Atrium35

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                bull

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                Mashroom column

                Frank loyd Write

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                Daylight factor

                Artificial light (lux)

                05250

                10500

                15750

                201000

                39

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                Innovated Daylighting Systems

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                40

                bullLight Pipes

                bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                3EMITTER

                The Light Pipe Principle

                Light Pipeshellip

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                41

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                42

                Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                London Art museum

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                48

                Polla museum in Japan

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                النقل جهاز

                The Heliostat System

                The Heliostat System

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                The Heliostat System

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                51

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                5-

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                Daylighting calculations

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                57

                Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                ExampleDaylighting calculations

                An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                58

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                Total

                Indicative daylight factors

                60

                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                61

                (a) Sidelighting average

                DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                (b) Horizontal skylight

                DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                • Slide 22
                • Slide 23
                • Slide 25
                • Slide 33
                • Slide 36
                • Slide 37
                • Slide 38
                • Slide 43
                • Slide 44
                • Slide 45
                • Slide 46
                • Slide 47
                • Slide 49
                • Slide 50
                • Slide 52
                • Slide 53
                • Slide 54
                • Slide 55
                • Slide 56
                • Slide 59

                  Daylight Componenthellip

                  Daylight factor defined as

                  The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage

                  9

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  For cloudy sky

                  For clear sky

                  10

                  Key Architectural Issues

                  The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

                  1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

                  2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

                  3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

                  4 contexts)

                  5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

                  6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

                  7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

                  8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

                  9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

                  10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

                  11

                  The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

                  bull the time of daymonthyear

                  bull the current sky conditions

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  12

                  Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

                  Daylight systems

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  13

                  How redirect the daylight into spaces

                  1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

                  Vertical windows

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  14

                  Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

                  bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

                  Windowshellip

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  15

                  The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                  In overcast sky condition

                  Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  16

                  The Effect of Window Height on DF

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  17

                  The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                  bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                  (a) is for three tall windows and

                  (b) is for one long high-level window

                  Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  18

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  19

                  Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  20

                  21

                  Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                  Minimum Reflectance Values

                  Typical lightshelf

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                  Skylight

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  24

                  Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  25

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  26

                  English court

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  27

                  Roof Monitor

                  28

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  bull Saw-tooth skylight

                  Saw-tooth

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  29

                  Saw-tooth orientation

                  Saw-tooth inclination

                  Saw-tooth

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  30

                  Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                  Saw-tooth reflectors

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  31

                  Mt Airy Public Library

                  Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  32

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                  Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                  Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                  34

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  Atrium35

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  bull

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                  Mashroom column

                  Frank loyd Write

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                  Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                  Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                  artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                  Daylight factor

                  Artificial light (lux)

                  05250

                  10500

                  15750

                  201000

                  39

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  Innovated Daylighting Systems

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  40

                  bullLight Pipes

                  bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                  2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                  3EMITTER

                  The Light Pipe Principle

                  Light Pipeshellip

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  41

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  42

                  Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                  اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                  London Art museum

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  48

                  Polla museum in Japan

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                  أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                  النقل جهاز

                  The Heliostat System

                  The Heliostat System

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                  The Heliostat System

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  51

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                  متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                  الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                  مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                  )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                  5-

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                  The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                  Daylighting calculations

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  57

                  Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                  obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                  A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                  ExampleDaylighting calculations

                  An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                  Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  58

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                  The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                  (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                  (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                  (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                  (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                  (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                  mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                  Total

                  Indicative daylight factors

                  60

                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                  61

                  (a) Sidelighting average

                  DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                  (b) Horizontal skylight

                  DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                  a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                  and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                  • Slide 22
                  • Slide 23
                  • Slide 25
                  • Slide 33
                  • Slide 36
                  • Slide 37
                  • Slide 38
                  • Slide 43
                  • Slide 44
                  • Slide 45
                  • Slide 46
                  • Slide 47
                  • Slide 49
                  • Slide 50
                  • Slide 52
                  • Slide 53
                  • Slide 54
                  • Slide 55
                  • Slide 56
                  • Slide 59

                    10

                    Key Architectural Issues

                    The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

                    1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

                    2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

                    3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

                    4 contexts)

                    5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

                    6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

                    7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

                    8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

                    9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

                    10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

                    11

                    The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

                    bull the time of daymonthyear

                    bull the current sky conditions

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    12

                    Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

                    Daylight systems

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    13

                    How redirect the daylight into spaces

                    1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

                    Vertical windows

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    14

                    Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

                    bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

                    Windowshellip

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    15

                    The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                    In overcast sky condition

                    Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    16

                    The Effect of Window Height on DF

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    17

                    The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                    bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                    (a) is for three tall windows and

                    (b) is for one long high-level window

                    Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    18

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    19

                    Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    20

                    21

                    Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                    Minimum Reflectance Values

                    Typical lightshelf

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                    Skylight

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    24

                    Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    25

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    26

                    English court

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    27

                    Roof Monitor

                    28

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    bull Saw-tooth skylight

                    Saw-tooth

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    29

                    Saw-tooth orientation

                    Saw-tooth inclination

                    Saw-tooth

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    30

                    Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                    Saw-tooth reflectors

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    31

                    Mt Airy Public Library

                    Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    32

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                    Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                    Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                    34

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    Atrium35

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    bull

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                    Mashroom column

                    Frank loyd Write

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                    Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                    Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                    artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                    Daylight factor

                    Artificial light (lux)

                    05250

                    10500

                    15750

                    201000

                    39

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    Innovated Daylighting Systems

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    40

                    bullLight Pipes

                    bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                    2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                    3EMITTER

                    The Light Pipe Principle

                    Light Pipeshellip

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    41

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    42

                    Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                    اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                    London Art museum

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    48

                    Polla museum in Japan

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                    أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                    النقل جهاز

                    The Heliostat System

                    The Heliostat System

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                    The Heliostat System

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    51

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                    متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                    الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                    مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                    )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                    5-

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                    The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                    Daylighting calculations

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    57

                    Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                    obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                    A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                    ExampleDaylighting calculations

                    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    58

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                    Total

                    Indicative daylight factors

                    60

                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                    61

                    (a) Sidelighting average

                    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                    (b) Horizontal skylight

                    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                    • Slide 22
                    • Slide 23
                    • Slide 25
                    • Slide 33
                    • Slide 36
                    • Slide 37
                    • Slide 38
                    • Slide 43
                    • Slide 44
                    • Slide 45
                    • Slide 46
                    • Slide 47
                    • Slide 49
                    • Slide 50
                    • Slide 52
                    • Slide 53
                    • Slide 54
                    • Slide 55
                    • Slide 56
                    • Slide 59

                      Key Architectural Issues

                      The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including

                      1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)

                      2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)

                      3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room

                      4 contexts)

                      5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)

                      6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures

                      7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing

                      8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents

                      9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture

                      10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)

                      11

                      The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

                      bull the time of daymonthyear

                      bull the current sky conditions

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      12

                      Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

                      Daylight systems

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      13

                      How redirect the daylight into spaces

                      1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

                      Vertical windows

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      14

                      Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

                      bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

                      Windowshellip

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      15

                      The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                      In overcast sky condition

                      Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      16

                      The Effect of Window Height on DF

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      17

                      The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                      bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                      (a) is for three tall windows and

                      (b) is for one long high-level window

                      Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      18

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      19

                      Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      20

                      21

                      Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                      Minimum Reflectance Values

                      Typical lightshelf

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                      Skylight

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      24

                      Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      25

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      26

                      English court

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      27

                      Roof Monitor

                      28

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      bull Saw-tooth skylight

                      Saw-tooth

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      29

                      Saw-tooth orientation

                      Saw-tooth inclination

                      Saw-tooth

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      30

                      Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                      Saw-tooth reflectors

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      31

                      Mt Airy Public Library

                      Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      32

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                      Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                      Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                      34

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      Atrium35

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      bull

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                      Mashroom column

                      Frank loyd Write

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                      Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                      Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                      artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                      Daylight factor

                      Artificial light (lux)

                      05250

                      10500

                      15750

                      201000

                      39

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      Innovated Daylighting Systems

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      40

                      bullLight Pipes

                      bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                      2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                      3EMITTER

                      The Light Pipe Principle

                      Light Pipeshellip

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      41

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      42

                      Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                      اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                      London Art museum

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      48

                      Polla museum in Japan

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                      أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                      النقل جهاز

                      The Heliostat System

                      The Heliostat System

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                      The Heliostat System

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      51

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                      متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                      الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                      مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                      )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                      5-

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                      The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                      Daylighting calculations

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      57

                      Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                      obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                      A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                      ExampleDaylighting calculations

                      An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                      Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      58

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                      Total

                      Indicative daylight factors

                      60

                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                      61

                      (a) Sidelighting average

                      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                      (b) Horizontal skylight

                      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                      • Slide 22
                      • Slide 23
                      • Slide 25
                      • Slide 33
                      • Slide 36
                      • Slide 37
                      • Slide 38
                      • Slide 43
                      • Slide 44
                      • Slide 45
                      • Slide 46
                      • Slide 47
                      • Slide 49
                      • Slide 50
                      • Slide 52
                      • Slide 53
                      • Slide 54
                      • Slide 55
                      • Slide 56
                      • Slide 59

                        The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate

                        bull the time of daymonthyear

                        bull the current sky conditions

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        12

                        Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)

                        Daylight systems

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        13

                        How redirect the daylight into spaces

                        1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

                        Vertical windows

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        14

                        Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

                        bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

                        Windowshellip

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        15

                        The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                        In overcast sky condition

                        Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        16

                        The Effect of Window Height on DF

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        17

                        The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                        bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                        (a) is for three tall windows and

                        (b) is for one long high-level window

                        Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        18

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        19

                        Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        20

                        21

                        Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                        Minimum Reflectance Values

                        Typical lightshelf

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                        Skylight

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        24

                        Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        25

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        26

                        English court

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        27

                        Roof Monitor

                        28

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        bull Saw-tooth skylight

                        Saw-tooth

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        29

                        Saw-tooth orientation

                        Saw-tooth inclination

                        Saw-tooth

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        30

                        Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                        Saw-tooth reflectors

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        31

                        Mt Airy Public Library

                        Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        32

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                        Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                        Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                        34

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        Atrium35

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        bull

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                        Mashroom column

                        Frank loyd Write

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                        Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                        Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                        artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                        Daylight factor

                        Artificial light (lux)

                        05250

                        10500

                        15750

                        201000

                        39

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        Innovated Daylighting Systems

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        40

                        bullLight Pipes

                        bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                        2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                        3EMITTER

                        The Light Pipe Principle

                        Light Pipeshellip

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        41

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        42

                        Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                        اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                        London Art museum

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        48

                        Polla museum in Japan

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                        أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                        النقل جهاز

                        The Heliostat System

                        The Heliostat System

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                        The Heliostat System

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        51

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                        متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                        الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                        مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                        )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                        5-

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                        The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                        Daylighting calculations

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        57

                        Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                        obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                        A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                        ExampleDaylighting calculations

                        An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                        Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        58

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                        The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                        (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                        (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                        (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                        (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                        (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                        mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                        Total

                        Indicative daylight factors

                        60

                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                        61

                        (a) Sidelighting average

                        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                        (b) Horizontal skylight

                        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                        • Slide 22
                        • Slide 23
                        • Slide 25
                        • Slide 33
                        • Slide 36
                        • Slide 37
                        • Slide 38
                        • Slide 43
                        • Slide 44
                        • Slide 45
                        • Slide 46
                        • Slide 47
                        • Slide 49
                        • Slide 50
                        • Slide 52
                        • Slide 53
                        • Slide 54
                        • Slide 55
                        • Slide 56
                        • Slide 59

                          Daylight systems

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          13

                          How redirect the daylight into spaces

                          1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium

                          Vertical windows

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          14

                          Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

                          bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

                          Windowshellip

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          15

                          The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                          In overcast sky condition

                          Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          16

                          The Effect of Window Height on DF

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          17

                          The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                          bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                          (a) is for three tall windows and

                          (b) is for one long high-level window

                          Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          18

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          19

                          Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          20

                          21

                          Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                          Minimum Reflectance Values

                          Typical lightshelf

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                          Skylight

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          24

                          Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          25

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          26

                          English court

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          27

                          Roof Monitor

                          28

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          bull Saw-tooth skylight

                          Saw-tooth

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          29

                          Saw-tooth orientation

                          Saw-tooth inclination

                          Saw-tooth

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          30

                          Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                          Saw-tooth reflectors

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          31

                          Mt Airy Public Library

                          Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          32

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                          Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                          Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                          34

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          Atrium35

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          bull

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                          Mashroom column

                          Frank loyd Write

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                          Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                          Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                          artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                          Daylight factor

                          Artificial light (lux)

                          05250

                          10500

                          15750

                          201000

                          39

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          Innovated Daylighting Systems

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          40

                          bullLight Pipes

                          bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                          2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                          3EMITTER

                          The Light Pipe Principle

                          Light Pipeshellip

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          41

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          42

                          Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                          اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                          London Art museum

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          48

                          Polla museum in Japan

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                          أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                          النقل جهاز

                          The Heliostat System

                          The Heliostat System

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                          The Heliostat System

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          51

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                          متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                          الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                          مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                          )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                          5-

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                          The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                          Daylighting calculations

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          57

                          Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                          obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                          A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                          ExampleDaylighting calculations

                          An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                          Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          58

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                          The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                          (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                          (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                          (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                          (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                          (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                          mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                          Total

                          Indicative daylight factors

                          60

                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                          61

                          (a) Sidelighting average

                          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                          (b) Horizontal skylight

                          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                          • Slide 22
                          • Slide 23
                          • Slide 25
                          • Slide 33
                          • Slide 36
                          • Slide 37
                          • Slide 38
                          • Slide 43
                          • Slide 44
                          • Slide 45
                          • Slide 46
                          • Slide 47
                          • Slide 49
                          • Slide 50
                          • Slide 52
                          • Slide 53
                          • Slide 54
                          • Slide 55
                          • Slide 56
                          • Slide 59

                            Vertical windows

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            14

                            Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation

                            bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres

                            Windowshellip

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            15

                            The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                            In overcast sky condition

                            Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            16

                            The Effect of Window Height on DF

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            17

                            The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                            bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                            (a) is for three tall windows and

                            (b) is for one long high-level window

                            Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            18

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            19

                            Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            20

                            21

                            Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                            Minimum Reflectance Values

                            Typical lightshelf

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                            Skylight

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            24

                            Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            25

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            26

                            English court

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            27

                            Roof Monitor

                            28

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            bull Saw-tooth skylight

                            Saw-tooth

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            29

                            Saw-tooth orientation

                            Saw-tooth inclination

                            Saw-tooth

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            30

                            Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                            Saw-tooth reflectors

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            31

                            Mt Airy Public Library

                            Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            32

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                            Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                            Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                            34

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            Atrium35

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            bull

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                            Mashroom column

                            Frank loyd Write

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                            Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                            Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                            artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                            Daylight factor

                            Artificial light (lux)

                            05250

                            10500

                            15750

                            201000

                            39

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            Innovated Daylighting Systems

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            40

                            bullLight Pipes

                            bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                            2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                            3EMITTER

                            The Light Pipe Principle

                            Light Pipeshellip

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            41

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            42

                            Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                            اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                            London Art museum

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            48

                            Polla museum in Japan

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                            أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                            النقل جهاز

                            The Heliostat System

                            The Heliostat System

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                            The Heliostat System

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            51

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                            متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                            الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                            مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                            )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                            5-

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                            The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                            Daylighting calculations

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            57

                            Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                            obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                            A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                            ExampleDaylighting calculations

                            An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                            Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            58

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                            The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                            (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                            (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                            (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                            (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                            (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                            mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                            Total

                            Indicative daylight factors

                            60

                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                            61

                            (a) Sidelighting average

                            DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                            (b) Horizontal skylight

                            DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                            a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                            and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                            • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                            • Slide 22
                            • Slide 23
                            • Slide 25
                            • Slide 33
                            • Slide 36
                            • Slide 37
                            • Slide 38
                            • Slide 43
                            • Slide 44
                            • Slide 45
                            • Slide 46
                            • Slide 47
                            • Slide 49
                            • Slide 50
                            • Slide 52
                            • Slide 53
                            • Slide 54
                            • Slide 55
                            • Slide 56
                            • Slide 59

                              Windowshellip

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              15

                              The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF

                              In overcast sky condition

                              Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              16

                              The Effect of Window Height on DF

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              17

                              The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                              bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                              (a) is for three tall windows and

                              (b) is for one long high-level window

                              Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              18

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              19

                              Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              20

                              21

                              Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                              Minimum Reflectance Values

                              Typical lightshelf

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                              Skylight

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              24

                              Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              25

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              26

                              English court

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              27

                              Roof Monitor

                              28

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              bull Saw-tooth skylight

                              Saw-tooth

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              29

                              Saw-tooth orientation

                              Saw-tooth inclination

                              Saw-tooth

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              30

                              Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                              Saw-tooth reflectors

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              31

                              Mt Airy Public Library

                              Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              32

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                              Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                              Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                              34

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              Atrium35

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              bull

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                              Mashroom column

                              Frank loyd Write

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                              Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                              Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                              artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                              Daylight factor

                              Artificial light (lux)

                              05250

                              10500

                              15750

                              201000

                              39

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              Innovated Daylighting Systems

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              40

                              bullLight Pipes

                              bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                              2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                              3EMITTER

                              The Light Pipe Principle

                              Light Pipeshellip

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              41

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              42

                              Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                              اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                              London Art museum

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              48

                              Polla museum in Japan

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                              أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                              النقل جهاز

                              The Heliostat System

                              The Heliostat System

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                              The Heliostat System

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              51

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                              متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                              الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                              مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                              )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                              5-

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                              The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                              Daylighting calculations

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              57

                              Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                              obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                              A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                              ExampleDaylighting calculations

                              An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                              Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              58

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                              The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                              (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                              (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                              (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                              (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                              (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                              mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                              Total

                              Indicative daylight factors

                              60

                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                              61

                              (a) Sidelighting average

                              DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                              (b) Horizontal skylight

                              DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                              a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                              and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                              • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                              • Slide 22
                              • Slide 23
                              • Slide 25
                              • Slide 33
                              • Slide 36
                              • Slide 37
                              • Slide 38
                              • Slide 43
                              • Slide 44
                              • Slide 45
                              • Slide 46
                              • Slide 47
                              • Slide 49
                              • Slide 50
                              • Slide 52
                              • Slide 53
                              • Slide 54
                              • Slide 55
                              • Slide 56
                              • Slide 59

                                In overcast sky condition

                                Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                16

                                The Effect of Window Height on DF

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                17

                                The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                                bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                                (a) is for three tall windows and

                                (b) is for one long high-level window

                                Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                18

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                19

                                Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                20

                                21

                                Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                                Minimum Reflectance Values

                                Typical lightshelf

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                Skylight

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                24

                                Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                25

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                26

                                English court

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                27

                                Roof Monitor

                                28

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                Saw-tooth

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                29

                                Saw-tooth orientation

                                Saw-tooth inclination

                                Saw-tooth

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                30

                                Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                Saw-tooth reflectors

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                31

                                Mt Airy Public Library

                                Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                32

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                34

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                Atrium35

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                bull

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                Mashroom column

                                Frank loyd Write

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                Daylight factor

                                Artificial light (lux)

                                05250

                                10500

                                15750

                                201000

                                39

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                40

                                bullLight Pipes

                                bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                3EMITTER

                                The Light Pipe Principle

                                Light Pipeshellip

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                41

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                42

                                Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                London Art museum

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                48

                                Polla museum in Japan

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                النقل جهاز

                                The Heliostat System

                                The Heliostat System

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                The Heliostat System

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                51

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                5-

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                Daylighting calculations

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                57

                                Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                58

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                Total

                                Indicative daylight factors

                                60

                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                61

                                (a) Sidelighting average

                                DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                (b) Horizontal skylight

                                DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                • Slide 22
                                • Slide 23
                                • Slide 25
                                • Slide 33
                                • Slide 36
                                • Slide 37
                                • Slide 38
                                • Slide 43
                                • Slide 44
                                • Slide 45
                                • Slide 46
                                • Slide 47
                                • Slide 49
                                • Slide 50
                                • Slide 52
                                • Slide 53
                                • Slide 54
                                • Slide 55
                                • Slide 56
                                • Slide 59

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  17

                                  The Effect of Window Shape on DF

                                  bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area

                                  (a) is for three tall windows and

                                  (b) is for one long high-level window

                                  Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  18

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  19

                                  Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  20

                                  21

                                  Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                                  Minimum Reflectance Values

                                  Typical lightshelf

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                  Skylight

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  24

                                  Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  25

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  26

                                  English court

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  27

                                  Roof Monitor

                                  28

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                  Saw-tooth

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  29

                                  Saw-tooth orientation

                                  Saw-tooth inclination

                                  Saw-tooth

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  30

                                  Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                  Saw-tooth reflectors

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  31

                                  Mt Airy Public Library

                                  Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  32

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                  Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                  Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                  34

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  Atrium35

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  bull

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                  Mashroom column

                                  Frank loyd Write

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                  Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                  Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                  artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                  Daylight factor

                                  Artificial light (lux)

                                  05250

                                  10500

                                  15750

                                  201000

                                  39

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  40

                                  bullLight Pipes

                                  bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                  2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                  3EMITTER

                                  The Light Pipe Principle

                                  Light Pipeshellip

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  41

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  42

                                  Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                  اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                  London Art museum

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  48

                                  Polla museum in Japan

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                  أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                  النقل جهاز

                                  The Heliostat System

                                  The Heliostat System

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                  The Heliostat System

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  51

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                  متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                  الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                  مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                  )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                  5-

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                  The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                  Daylighting calculations

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  57

                                  Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                  obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                  A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                  ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                  An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                  Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  58

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                  The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                  (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                  (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                  (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                  (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                  (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                  mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                  Total

                                  Indicative daylight factors

                                  60

                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                  61

                                  (a) Sidelighting average

                                  DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                  (b) Horizontal skylight

                                  DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                  a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                  and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                  • Slide 22
                                  • Slide 23
                                  • Slide 25
                                  • Slide 33
                                  • Slide 36
                                  • Slide 37
                                  • Slide 38
                                  • Slide 43
                                  • Slide 44
                                  • Slide 45
                                  • Slide 46
                                  • Slide 47
                                  • Slide 49
                                  • Slide 50
                                  • Slide 52
                                  • Slide 53
                                  • Slide 54
                                  • Slide 55
                                  • Slide 56
                                  • Slide 59

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    18

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    19

                                    Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    20

                                    21

                                    Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                                    Minimum Reflectance Values

                                    Typical lightshelf

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                    Skylight

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    24

                                    Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    25

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    26

                                    English court

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    27

                                    Roof Monitor

                                    28

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                    Saw-tooth

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    29

                                    Saw-tooth orientation

                                    Saw-tooth inclination

                                    Saw-tooth

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    30

                                    Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                    Saw-tooth reflectors

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    31

                                    Mt Airy Public Library

                                    Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    32

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                    Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                    Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                    34

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    Atrium35

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    bull

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                    Mashroom column

                                    Frank loyd Write

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                    Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                    Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                    artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                    Daylight factor

                                    Artificial light (lux)

                                    05250

                                    10500

                                    15750

                                    201000

                                    39

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    40

                                    bullLight Pipes

                                    bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                    2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                    3EMITTER

                                    The Light Pipe Principle

                                    Light Pipeshellip

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    41

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    42

                                    Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                    اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                    London Art museum

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    48

                                    Polla museum in Japan

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                    أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                    النقل جهاز

                                    The Heliostat System

                                    The Heliostat System

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                    The Heliostat System

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    51

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                    متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                    الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                    مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                    )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                    5-

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                    The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                    Daylighting calculations

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    57

                                    Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                    obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                    A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                    ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    58

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                    Total

                                    Indicative daylight factors

                                    60

                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                    61

                                    (a) Sidelighting average

                                    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                    (b) Horizontal skylight

                                    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                    • Slide 22
                                    • Slide 23
                                    • Slide 25
                                    • Slide 33
                                    • Slide 36
                                    • Slide 37
                                    • Slide 38
                                    • Slide 43
                                    • Slide 44
                                    • Slide 45
                                    • Slide 46
                                    • Slide 47
                                    • Slide 49
                                    • Slide 50
                                    • Slide 52
                                    • Slide 53
                                    • Slide 54
                                    • Slide 55
                                    • Slide 56
                                    • Slide 59

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      19

                                      Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      20

                                      21

                                      Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                                      Minimum Reflectance Values

                                      Typical lightshelf

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                      Skylight

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      24

                                      Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      25

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      26

                                      English court

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      27

                                      Roof Monitor

                                      28

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                      Saw-tooth

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      29

                                      Saw-tooth orientation

                                      Saw-tooth inclination

                                      Saw-tooth

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      30

                                      Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                      Saw-tooth reflectors

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      31

                                      Mt Airy Public Library

                                      Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      32

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                      Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                      Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                      34

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      Atrium35

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      bull

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                      Mashroom column

                                      Frank loyd Write

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                      Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                      Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                      artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                      Daylight factor

                                      Artificial light (lux)

                                      05250

                                      10500

                                      15750

                                      201000

                                      39

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      40

                                      bullLight Pipes

                                      bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                      2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                      3EMITTER

                                      The Light Pipe Principle

                                      Light Pipeshellip

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      41

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      42

                                      Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                      اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                      London Art museum

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      48

                                      Polla museum in Japan

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                      أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                      النقل جهاز

                                      The Heliostat System

                                      The Heliostat System

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                      The Heliostat System

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      51

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                      متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                      الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                      مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                      )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                      5-

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                      The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                      Daylighting calculations

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      57

                                      Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                      obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                      A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                      ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                      An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                      Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      58

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                      Total

                                      Indicative daylight factors

                                      60

                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                      61

                                      (a) Sidelighting average

                                      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                      (b) Horizontal skylight

                                      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                      • Slide 22
                                      • Slide 23
                                      • Slide 25
                                      • Slide 33
                                      • Slide 36
                                      • Slide 37
                                      • Slide 38
                                      • Slide 43
                                      • Slide 44
                                      • Slide 45
                                      • Slide 46
                                      • Slide 47
                                      • Slide 49
                                      • Slide 50
                                      • Slide 52
                                      • Slide 53
                                      • Slide 54
                                      • Slide 55
                                      • Slide 56
                                      • Slide 59

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        20

                                        21

                                        Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                                        Minimum Reflectance Values

                                        Typical lightshelf

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                        Skylight

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        24

                                        Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        25

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        26

                                        English court

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        27

                                        Roof Monitor

                                        28

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                        Saw-tooth

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        29

                                        Saw-tooth orientation

                                        Saw-tooth inclination

                                        Saw-tooth

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        30

                                        Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                        Saw-tooth reflectors

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        31

                                        Mt Airy Public Library

                                        Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        32

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                        Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                        Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                        34

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        Atrium35

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        bull

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                        Mashroom column

                                        Frank loyd Write

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                        Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                        Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                        artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                        Daylight factor

                                        Artificial light (lux)

                                        05250

                                        10500

                                        15750

                                        201000

                                        39

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        40

                                        bullLight Pipes

                                        bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                        2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                        3EMITTER

                                        The Light Pipe Principle

                                        Light Pipeshellip

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        41

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        42

                                        Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                        اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                        London Art museum

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        48

                                        Polla museum in Japan

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                        أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                        النقل جهاز

                                        The Heliostat System

                                        The Heliostat System

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                        The Heliostat System

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        51

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                        متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                        الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                        مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                        )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                        5-

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                        The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                        Daylighting calculations

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        57

                                        Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                        obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                        A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                        ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                        An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                        Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        58

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                        The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                        (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                        (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                        (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                        (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                        (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                        mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                        Total

                                        Indicative daylight factors

                                        60

                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                        61

                                        (a) Sidelighting average

                                        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                        (b) Horizontal skylight

                                        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                        • Slide 22
                                        • Slide 23
                                        • Slide 25
                                        • Slide 33
                                        • Slide 36
                                        • Slide 37
                                        • Slide 38
                                        • Slide 43
                                        • Slide 44
                                        • Slide 45
                                        • Slide 46
                                        • Slide 47
                                        • Slide 49
                                        • Slide 50
                                        • Slide 52
                                        • Slide 53
                                        • Slide 54
                                        • Slide 55
                                        • Slide 56
                                        • Slide 59

                                          21

                                          Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                                          Minimum Reflectance Values

                                          Typical lightshelf

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                          Skylight

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          24

                                          Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          25

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          26

                                          English court

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          27

                                          Roof Monitor

                                          28

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                          Saw-tooth

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          29

                                          Saw-tooth orientation

                                          Saw-tooth inclination

                                          Saw-tooth

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          30

                                          Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                          Saw-tooth reflectors

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          31

                                          Mt Airy Public Library

                                          Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          32

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                          Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                          Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                          34

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          Atrium35

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          bull

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                          Mashroom column

                                          Frank loyd Write

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                          Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                          Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                          artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                          Daylight factor

                                          Artificial light (lux)

                                          05250

                                          10500

                                          15750

                                          201000

                                          39

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          40

                                          bullLight Pipes

                                          bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                          2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                          3EMITTER

                                          The Light Pipe Principle

                                          Light Pipeshellip

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          41

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          42

                                          Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                          اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                          London Art museum

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          48

                                          Polla museum in Japan

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                          أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                          النقل جهاز

                                          The Heliostat System

                                          The Heliostat System

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                          The Heliostat System

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          51

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                          متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                          الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                          مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                          )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                          5-

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                          The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                          Daylighting calculations

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          57

                                          Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                          obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                          A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                          ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                          An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                          Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          58

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                          The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                          (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                          (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                          (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                          (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                          (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                          mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                          Total

                                          Indicative daylight factors

                                          60

                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                          61

                                          (a) Sidelighting average

                                          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                          (b) Horizontal skylight

                                          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                          • Slide 22
                                          • Slide 23
                                          • Slide 25
                                          • Slide 33
                                          • Slide 36
                                          • Slide 37
                                          • Slide 38
                                          • Slide 43
                                          • Slide 44
                                          • Slide 45
                                          • Slide 46
                                          • Slide 47
                                          • Slide 49
                                          • Slide 50
                                          • Slide 52
                                          • Slide 53
                                          • Slide 54
                                          • Slide 55
                                          • Slide 56
                                          • Slide 59

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22

                                            Minimum Reflectance Values

                                            Typical lightshelf

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                            Skylight

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            24

                                            Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            25

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            26

                                            English court

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            27

                                            Roof Monitor

                                            28

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                            Saw-tooth

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            29

                                            Saw-tooth orientation

                                            Saw-tooth inclination

                                            Saw-tooth

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            30

                                            Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                            Saw-tooth reflectors

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            31

                                            Mt Airy Public Library

                                            Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            32

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                            Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                            Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                            34

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            Atrium35

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            bull

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                            Mashroom column

                                            Frank loyd Write

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                            Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                            Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                            artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                            Daylight factor

                                            Artificial light (lux)

                                            05250

                                            10500

                                            15750

                                            201000

                                            39

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            40

                                            bullLight Pipes

                                            bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                            2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                            3EMITTER

                                            The Light Pipe Principle

                                            Light Pipeshellip

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            41

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            42

                                            Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                            اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                            London Art museum

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            48

                                            Polla museum in Japan

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                            أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                            النقل جهاز

                                            The Heliostat System

                                            The Heliostat System

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                            The Heliostat System

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            51

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                            متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                            الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                            مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                            )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                            5-

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                            The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                            Daylighting calculations

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            57

                                            Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                            obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                            A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                            ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                            An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                            Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            58

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                            The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                            (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                            (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                            (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                            (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                            (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                            mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                            Total

                                            Indicative daylight factors

                                            60

                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                            61

                                            (a) Sidelighting average

                                            DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                            (b) Horizontal skylight

                                            DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                            a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                            and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                            • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                            • Slide 22
                                            • Slide 23
                                            • Slide 25
                                            • Slide 33
                                            • Slide 36
                                            • Slide 37
                                            • Slide 38
                                            • Slide 43
                                            • Slide 44
                                            • Slide 45
                                            • Slide 46
                                            • Slide 47
                                            • Slide 49
                                            • Slide 50
                                            • Slide 52
                                            • Slide 53
                                            • Slide 54
                                            • Slide 55
                                            • Slide 56
                                            • Slide 59

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23

                                              Skylight

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              24

                                              Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              25

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              26

                                              English court

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              27

                                              Roof Monitor

                                              28

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                              Saw-tooth

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              29

                                              Saw-tooth orientation

                                              Saw-tooth inclination

                                              Saw-tooth

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              30

                                              Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                              Saw-tooth reflectors

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              31

                                              Mt Airy Public Library

                                              Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              32

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                              Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                              Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                              34

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              Atrium35

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              bull

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                              Mashroom column

                                              Frank loyd Write

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                              Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                              Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                              artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                              Daylight factor

                                              Artificial light (lux)

                                              05250

                                              10500

                                              15750

                                              201000

                                              39

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              40

                                              bullLight Pipes

                                              bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                              2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                              3EMITTER

                                              The Light Pipe Principle

                                              Light Pipeshellip

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              41

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              42

                                              Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                              اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                              London Art museum

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              48

                                              Polla museum in Japan

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                              أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                              النقل جهاز

                                              The Heliostat System

                                              The Heliostat System

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                              The Heliostat System

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              51

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                              متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                              الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                              مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                              )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                              5-

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                              The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                              Daylighting calculations

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              57

                                              Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                              obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                              A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                              ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                              An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                              Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              58

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                              The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                              (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                              (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                              (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                              (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                              (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                              mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                              Total

                                              Indicative daylight factors

                                              60

                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                              61

                                              (a) Sidelighting average

                                              DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                              (b) Horizontal skylight

                                              DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                              a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                              and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                              • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                              • Slide 22
                                              • Slide 23
                                              • Slide 25
                                              • Slide 33
                                              • Slide 36
                                              • Slide 37
                                              • Slide 38
                                              • Slide 43
                                              • Slide 44
                                              • Slide 45
                                              • Slide 46
                                              • Slide 47
                                              • Slide 49
                                              • Slide 50
                                              • Slide 52
                                              • Slide 53
                                              • Slide 54
                                              • Slide 55
                                              • Slide 56
                                              • Slide 59

                                                Skylight

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                24

                                                Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                25

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                26

                                                English court

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                27

                                                Roof Monitor

                                                28

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                                Saw-tooth

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                29

                                                Saw-tooth orientation

                                                Saw-tooth inclination

                                                Saw-tooth

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                30

                                                Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                                Saw-tooth reflectors

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                31

                                                Mt Airy Public Library

                                                Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                32

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                34

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                Atrium35

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                bull

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                Mashroom column

                                                Frank loyd Write

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                Daylight factor

                                                Artificial light (lux)

                                                05250

                                                10500

                                                15750

                                                201000

                                                39

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                40

                                                bullLight Pipes

                                                bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                3EMITTER

                                                The Light Pipe Principle

                                                Light Pipeshellip

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                41

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                42

                                                Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                London Art museum

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                48

                                                Polla museum in Japan

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                النقل جهاز

                                                The Heliostat System

                                                The Heliostat System

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                The Heliostat System

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                51

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                5-

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                Daylighting calculations

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                57

                                                Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                58

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                Total

                                                Indicative daylight factors

                                                60

                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                61

                                                (a) Sidelighting average

                                                DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                • Slide 22
                                                • Slide 23
                                                • Slide 25
                                                • Slide 33
                                                • Slide 36
                                                • Slide 37
                                                • Slide 38
                                                • Slide 43
                                                • Slide 44
                                                • Slide 45
                                                • Slide 46
                                                • Slide 47
                                                • Slide 49
                                                • Slide 50
                                                • Slide 52
                                                • Slide 53
                                                • Slide 54
                                                • Slide 55
                                                • Slide 56
                                                • Slide 59

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  25

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  26

                                                  English court

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  27

                                                  Roof Monitor

                                                  28

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                                  Saw-tooth

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  29

                                                  Saw-tooth orientation

                                                  Saw-tooth inclination

                                                  Saw-tooth

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  30

                                                  Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                                  Saw-tooth reflectors

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  31

                                                  Mt Airy Public Library

                                                  Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  32

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                  Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                  Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                  34

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  Atrium35

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  bull

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                  Mashroom column

                                                  Frank loyd Write

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                  Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                  Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                  artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                  Daylight factor

                                                  Artificial light (lux)

                                                  05250

                                                  10500

                                                  15750

                                                  201000

                                                  39

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  40

                                                  bullLight Pipes

                                                  bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                  2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                  3EMITTER

                                                  The Light Pipe Principle

                                                  Light Pipeshellip

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  41

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  42

                                                  Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                  اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                  London Art museum

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  48

                                                  Polla museum in Japan

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                  أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                  النقل جهاز

                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  51

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                  متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                  الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                  مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                  )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                  5-

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                  The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                  Daylighting calculations

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  57

                                                  Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                  obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                  A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                  ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                  An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                  Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  58

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                  The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                  (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                  (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                  (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                  (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                  (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                  mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                  Total

                                                  Indicative daylight factors

                                                  60

                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                  61

                                                  (a) Sidelighting average

                                                  DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                  (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                  DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                  a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                  and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                  • Slide 22
                                                  • Slide 23
                                                  • Slide 25
                                                  • Slide 33
                                                  • Slide 36
                                                  • Slide 37
                                                  • Slide 38
                                                  • Slide 43
                                                  • Slide 44
                                                  • Slide 45
                                                  • Slide 46
                                                  • Slide 47
                                                  • Slide 49
                                                  • Slide 50
                                                  • Slide 52
                                                  • Slide 53
                                                  • Slide 54
                                                  • Slide 55
                                                  • Slide 56
                                                  • Slide 59

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    26

                                                    English court

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    27

                                                    Roof Monitor

                                                    28

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                                    Saw-tooth

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    29

                                                    Saw-tooth orientation

                                                    Saw-tooth inclination

                                                    Saw-tooth

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    30

                                                    Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                                    Saw-tooth reflectors

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    31

                                                    Mt Airy Public Library

                                                    Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    32

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                    Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                    Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                    34

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    Atrium35

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    bull

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                    Mashroom column

                                                    Frank loyd Write

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                    Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                    Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                    artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                    Daylight factor

                                                    Artificial light (lux)

                                                    05250

                                                    10500

                                                    15750

                                                    201000

                                                    39

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    40

                                                    bullLight Pipes

                                                    bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                    2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                    3EMITTER

                                                    The Light Pipe Principle

                                                    Light Pipeshellip

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    41

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    42

                                                    Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                    اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                    London Art museum

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    48

                                                    Polla museum in Japan

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                    أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                    النقل جهاز

                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    51

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                    متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                    الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                    مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                    )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                    5-

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                    The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                    Daylighting calculations

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    57

                                                    Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                    obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                    A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                    ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    58

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                    Total

                                                    Indicative daylight factors

                                                    60

                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                    61

                                                    (a) Sidelighting average

                                                    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                    (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                    • Slide 22
                                                    • Slide 23
                                                    • Slide 25
                                                    • Slide 33
                                                    • Slide 36
                                                    • Slide 37
                                                    • Slide 38
                                                    • Slide 43
                                                    • Slide 44
                                                    • Slide 45
                                                    • Slide 46
                                                    • Slide 47
                                                    • Slide 49
                                                    • Slide 50
                                                    • Slide 52
                                                    • Slide 53
                                                    • Slide 54
                                                    • Slide 55
                                                    • Slide 56
                                                    • Slide 59

                                                      English court

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      27

                                                      Roof Monitor

                                                      28

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                                      Saw-tooth

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      29

                                                      Saw-tooth orientation

                                                      Saw-tooth inclination

                                                      Saw-tooth

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      30

                                                      Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                                      Saw-tooth reflectors

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      31

                                                      Mt Airy Public Library

                                                      Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      32

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                      Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                      Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                      34

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      Atrium35

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      bull

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                      Mashroom column

                                                      Frank loyd Write

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                      Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                      Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                      artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                      Daylight factor

                                                      Artificial light (lux)

                                                      05250

                                                      10500

                                                      15750

                                                      201000

                                                      39

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      40

                                                      bullLight Pipes

                                                      bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                      2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                      3EMITTER

                                                      The Light Pipe Principle

                                                      Light Pipeshellip

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      41

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      42

                                                      Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                      اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                      London Art museum

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      48

                                                      Polla museum in Japan

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                      أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                      النقل جهاز

                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      51

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                      متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                      الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                      مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                      )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                      5-

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                      The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                      Daylighting calculations

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      57

                                                      Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                      obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                      A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                      ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                      An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                      Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      58

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                      Total

                                                      Indicative daylight factors

                                                      60

                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                      61

                                                      (a) Sidelighting average

                                                      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                      (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                      • Slide 22
                                                      • Slide 23
                                                      • Slide 25
                                                      • Slide 33
                                                      • Slide 36
                                                      • Slide 37
                                                      • Slide 38
                                                      • Slide 43
                                                      • Slide 44
                                                      • Slide 45
                                                      • Slide 46
                                                      • Slide 47
                                                      • Slide 49
                                                      • Slide 50
                                                      • Slide 52
                                                      • Slide 53
                                                      • Slide 54
                                                      • Slide 55
                                                      • Slide 56
                                                      • Slide 59

                                                        Roof Monitor

                                                        28

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        bull Saw-tooth skylight

                                                        Saw-tooth

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        29

                                                        Saw-tooth orientation

                                                        Saw-tooth inclination

                                                        Saw-tooth

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        30

                                                        Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                                        Saw-tooth reflectors

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        31

                                                        Mt Airy Public Library

                                                        Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        32

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                        Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                        Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                        34

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        Atrium35

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        bull

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                        Mashroom column

                                                        Frank loyd Write

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                        Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                        Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                        artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                        Daylight factor

                                                        Artificial light (lux)

                                                        05250

                                                        10500

                                                        15750

                                                        201000

                                                        39

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        40

                                                        bullLight Pipes

                                                        bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                        2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                        3EMITTER

                                                        The Light Pipe Principle

                                                        Light Pipeshellip

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        41

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        42

                                                        Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                        اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                        London Art museum

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        48

                                                        Polla museum in Japan

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                        أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                        النقل جهاز

                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        51

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                        متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                        الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                        مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                        )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                        5-

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                        The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                        Daylighting calculations

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        57

                                                        Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                        obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                        A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                        ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                        An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                        Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        58

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                        The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                        (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                        (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                        (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                        (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                        (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                        mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                        Total

                                                        Indicative daylight factors

                                                        60

                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                        61

                                                        (a) Sidelighting average

                                                        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                        (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                        • Slide 22
                                                        • Slide 23
                                                        • Slide 25
                                                        • Slide 33
                                                        • Slide 36
                                                        • Slide 37
                                                        • Slide 38
                                                        • Slide 43
                                                        • Slide 44
                                                        • Slide 45
                                                        • Slide 46
                                                        • Slide 47
                                                        • Slide 49
                                                        • Slide 50
                                                        • Slide 52
                                                        • Slide 53
                                                        • Slide 54
                                                        • Slide 55
                                                        • Slide 56
                                                        • Slide 59

                                                          Saw-tooth

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          29

                                                          Saw-tooth orientation

                                                          Saw-tooth inclination

                                                          Saw-tooth

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          30

                                                          Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                                          Saw-tooth reflectors

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          31

                                                          Mt Airy Public Library

                                                          Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          32

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                          Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                          Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                          34

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          Atrium35

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          bull

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                          Mashroom column

                                                          Frank loyd Write

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                          Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                          Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                          artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                          Daylight factor

                                                          Artificial light (lux)

                                                          05250

                                                          10500

                                                          15750

                                                          201000

                                                          39

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          40

                                                          bullLight Pipes

                                                          bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                          2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                          3EMITTER

                                                          The Light Pipe Principle

                                                          Light Pipeshellip

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          41

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          42

                                                          Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                          اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                          London Art museum

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          48

                                                          Polla museum in Japan

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                          أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                          النقل جهاز

                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          51

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                          متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                          الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                          مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                          )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                          5-

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                          The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                          Daylighting calculations

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          57

                                                          Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                          obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                          A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                          ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                          An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                          Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          58

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                          The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                          (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                          (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                          (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                          (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                          (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                          mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                          Total

                                                          Indicative daylight factors

                                                          60

                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                          61

                                                          (a) Sidelighting average

                                                          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                          (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                          • Slide 22
                                                          • Slide 23
                                                          • Slide 25
                                                          • Slide 33
                                                          • Slide 36
                                                          • Slide 37
                                                          • Slide 38
                                                          • Slide 43
                                                          • Slide 44
                                                          • Slide 45
                                                          • Slide 46
                                                          • Slide 47
                                                          • Slide 49
                                                          • Slide 50
                                                          • Slide 52
                                                          • Slide 53
                                                          • Slide 54
                                                          • Slide 55
                                                          • Slide 56
                                                          • Slide 59

                                                            Saw-tooth

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            30

                                                            Saw-tooth preferred dimension

                                                            Saw-tooth reflectors

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            31

                                                            Mt Airy Public Library

                                                            Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            32

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                            Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                            Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                            34

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            Atrium35

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            bull

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                            Mashroom column

                                                            Frank loyd Write

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                            Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                            Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                            artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                            Daylight factor

                                                            Artificial light (lux)

                                                            05250

                                                            10500

                                                            15750

                                                            201000

                                                            39

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            40

                                                            bullLight Pipes

                                                            bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                            2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                            3EMITTER

                                                            The Light Pipe Principle

                                                            Light Pipeshellip

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            41

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            42

                                                            Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                            اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                            London Art museum

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            48

                                                            Polla museum in Japan

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                            أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                            النقل جهاز

                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            51

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                            متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                            الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                            مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                            )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                            5-

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                            The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                            Daylighting calculations

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            57

                                                            Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                            obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                            A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                            ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                            An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                            Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            58

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                            The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                            (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                            (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                            (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                            (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                            (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                            mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                            Total

                                                            Indicative daylight factors

                                                            60

                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                            61

                                                            (a) Sidelighting average

                                                            DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                            (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                            DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                            a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                            and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                            • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                            • Slide 22
                                                            • Slide 23
                                                            • Slide 25
                                                            • Slide 33
                                                            • Slide 36
                                                            • Slide 37
                                                            • Slide 38
                                                            • Slide 43
                                                            • Slide 44
                                                            • Slide 45
                                                            • Slide 46
                                                            • Slide 47
                                                            • Slide 49
                                                            • Slide 50
                                                            • Slide 52
                                                            • Slide 53
                                                            • Slide 54
                                                            • Slide 55
                                                            • Slide 56
                                                            • Slide 59

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              31

                                                              Mt Airy Public Library

                                                              Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              32

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                              Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                              Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                              34

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              Atrium35

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              bull

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                              Mashroom column

                                                              Frank loyd Write

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                              Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                              Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                              artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                              Daylight factor

                                                              Artificial light (lux)

                                                              05250

                                                              10500

                                                              15750

                                                              201000

                                                              39

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              40

                                                              bullLight Pipes

                                                              bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                              2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                              3EMITTER

                                                              The Light Pipe Principle

                                                              Light Pipeshellip

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              41

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              42

                                                              Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                              اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                              London Art museum

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              48

                                                              Polla museum in Japan

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                              أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                              النقل جهاز

                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              51

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                              متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                              الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                              مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                              )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                              5-

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                              The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                              Daylighting calculations

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              57

                                                              Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                              obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                              A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                              ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                              An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                              Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              58

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                              The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                              (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                              (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                              (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                              (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                              (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                              mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                              Total

                                                              Indicative daylight factors

                                                              60

                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                              61

                                                              (a) Sidelighting average

                                                              DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                              (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                              DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                              a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                              and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                              • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                              • Slide 22
                                                              • Slide 23
                                                              • Slide 25
                                                              • Slide 33
                                                              • Slide 36
                                                              • Slide 37
                                                              • Slide 38
                                                              • Slide 43
                                                              • Slide 44
                                                              • Slide 45
                                                              • Slide 46
                                                              • Slide 47
                                                              • Slide 49
                                                              • Slide 50
                                                              • Slide 52
                                                              • Slide 53
                                                              • Slide 54
                                                              • Slide 55
                                                              • Slide 56
                                                              • Slide 59

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                32

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                                Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                                Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                                34

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                Atrium35

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                bull

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                                Mashroom column

                                                                Frank loyd Write

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                                Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                                Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                Daylight factor

                                                                Artificial light (lux)

                                                                05250

                                                                10500

                                                                15750

                                                                201000

                                                                39

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                40

                                                                bullLight Pipes

                                                                bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                3EMITTER

                                                                The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                Light Pipeshellip

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                41

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                42

                                                                Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                London Art museum

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                48

                                                                Polla museum in Japan

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                النقل جهاز

                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                51

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                5-

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                Daylighting calculations

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                57

                                                                Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                58

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                Total

                                                                Indicative daylight factors

                                                                60

                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                61

                                                                (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                • Slide 22
                                                                • Slide 23
                                                                • Slide 25
                                                                • Slide 33
                                                                • Slide 36
                                                                • Slide 37
                                                                • Slide 38
                                                                • Slide 43
                                                                • Slide 44
                                                                • Slide 45
                                                                • Slide 46
                                                                • Slide 47
                                                                • Slide 49
                                                                • Slide 50
                                                                • Slide 52
                                                                • Slide 53
                                                                • Slide 54
                                                                • Slide 55
                                                                • Slide 56
                                                                • Slide 59

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33

                                                                  Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space

                                                                  Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn

                                                                  34

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  Atrium35

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  bull

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                                  Mashroom column

                                                                  Frank loyd Write

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                                  Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                                  Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                  artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                  Daylight factor

                                                                  Artificial light (lux)

                                                                  05250

                                                                  10500

                                                                  15750

                                                                  201000

                                                                  39

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  40

                                                                  bullLight Pipes

                                                                  bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                  2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                  3EMITTER

                                                                  The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                  Light Pipeshellip

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  41

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  42

                                                                  Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                  اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                  London Art museum

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  48

                                                                  Polla museum in Japan

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                  أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                  النقل جهاز

                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  51

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                  متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                  الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                  مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                  )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                  5-

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                  The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                  Daylighting calculations

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  57

                                                                  Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                  obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                  A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                  ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                  An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                  Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  58

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                  The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                  (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                  (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                  (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                  (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                  (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                  mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                  Total

                                                                  Indicative daylight factors

                                                                  60

                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                  61

                                                                  (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                  DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                  (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                  DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                  a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                  and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                  • Slide 22
                                                                  • Slide 23
                                                                  • Slide 25
                                                                  • Slide 33
                                                                  • Slide 36
                                                                  • Slide 37
                                                                  • Slide 38
                                                                  • Slide 43
                                                                  • Slide 44
                                                                  • Slide 45
                                                                  • Slide 46
                                                                  • Slide 47
                                                                  • Slide 49
                                                                  • Slide 50
                                                                  • Slide 52
                                                                  • Slide 53
                                                                  • Slide 54
                                                                  • Slide 55
                                                                  • Slide 56
                                                                  • Slide 59

                                                                    34

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    Atrium35

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    bull

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                                    Mashroom column

                                                                    Frank loyd Write

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                                    Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                                    Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                    artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                    Daylight factor

                                                                    Artificial light (lux)

                                                                    05250

                                                                    10500

                                                                    15750

                                                                    201000

                                                                    39

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    40

                                                                    bullLight Pipes

                                                                    bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                    2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                    3EMITTER

                                                                    The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                    Light Pipeshellip

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    41

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    42

                                                                    Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                    اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                    London Art museum

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    48

                                                                    Polla museum in Japan

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                    أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                    النقل جهاز

                                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    51

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                    متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                    الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                    مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                    )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                    5-

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                    The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                    Daylighting calculations

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    57

                                                                    Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                    obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                    A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                    ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    58

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                    Total

                                                                    Indicative daylight factors

                                                                    60

                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                    61

                                                                    (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                    (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                    • Slide 22
                                                                    • Slide 23
                                                                    • Slide 25
                                                                    • Slide 33
                                                                    • Slide 36
                                                                    • Slide 37
                                                                    • Slide 38
                                                                    • Slide 43
                                                                    • Slide 44
                                                                    • Slide 45
                                                                    • Slide 46
                                                                    • Slide 47
                                                                    • Slide 49
                                                                    • Slide 50
                                                                    • Slide 52
                                                                    • Slide 53
                                                                    • Slide 54
                                                                    • Slide 55
                                                                    • Slide 56
                                                                    • Slide 59

                                                                      Atrium35

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      bull

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                                      Mashroom column

                                                                      Frank loyd Write

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                                      Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                                      Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                      artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                      Daylight factor

                                                                      Artificial light (lux)

                                                                      05250

                                                                      10500

                                                                      15750

                                                                      201000

                                                                      39

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      40

                                                                      bullLight Pipes

                                                                      bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                      2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                      3EMITTER

                                                                      The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                      Light Pipeshellip

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      41

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      42

                                                                      Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                      اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                      London Art museum

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      48

                                                                      Polla museum in Japan

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                      أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                      النقل جهاز

                                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      51

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                      متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                      الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                      مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                      )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                      5-

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                      The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                      Daylighting calculations

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      57

                                                                      Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                      obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                      A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                      ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                      An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                      Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      58

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                      Total

                                                                      Indicative daylight factors

                                                                      60

                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                      61

                                                                      (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                      (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                      • Slide 22
                                                                      • Slide 23
                                                                      • Slide 25
                                                                      • Slide 33
                                                                      • Slide 36
                                                                      • Slide 37
                                                                      • Slide 38
                                                                      • Slide 43
                                                                      • Slide 44
                                                                      • Slide 45
                                                                      • Slide 46
                                                                      • Slide 47
                                                                      • Slide 49
                                                                      • Slide 50
                                                                      • Slide 52
                                                                      • Slide 53
                                                                      • Slide 54
                                                                      • Slide 55
                                                                      • Slide 56
                                                                      • Slide 59

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36

                                                                        Mashroom column

                                                                        Frank loyd Write

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                                        Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                                        Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                        artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                        Daylight factor

                                                                        Artificial light (lux)

                                                                        05250

                                                                        10500

                                                                        15750

                                                                        201000

                                                                        39

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        40

                                                                        bullLight Pipes

                                                                        bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                        2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                        3EMITTER

                                                                        The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                        Light Pipeshellip

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        41

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        42

                                                                        Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                        اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                        London Art museum

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        48

                                                                        Polla museum in Japan

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                        أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                        النقل جهاز

                                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        51

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                        متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                        الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                        مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                        )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                        5-

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                        The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                        Daylighting calculations

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        57

                                                                        Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                        obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                        A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                        ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                        An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                        Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        58

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                        The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                        (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                        (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                        (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                        (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                        (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                        mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                        Total

                                                                        Indicative daylight factors

                                                                        60

                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                        61

                                                                        (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                        (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                        • Slide 22
                                                                        • Slide 23
                                                                        • Slide 25
                                                                        • Slide 33
                                                                        • Slide 36
                                                                        • Slide 37
                                                                        • Slide 38
                                                                        • Slide 43
                                                                        • Slide 44
                                                                        • Slide 45
                                                                        • Slide 46
                                                                        • Slide 47
                                                                        • Slide 49
                                                                        • Slide 50
                                                                        • Slide 52
                                                                        • Slide 53
                                                                        • Slide 54
                                                                        • Slide 55
                                                                        • Slide 56
                                                                        • Slide 59

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                                          Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                                          Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                          artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                          Daylight factor

                                                                          Artificial light (lux)

                                                                          05250

                                                                          10500

                                                                          15750

                                                                          201000

                                                                          39

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          40

                                                                          bullLight Pipes

                                                                          bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                          2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                          3EMITTER

                                                                          The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                          Light Pipeshellip

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          41

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          42

                                                                          Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                          اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                          London Art museum

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          48

                                                                          Polla museum in Japan

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                          أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                          النقل جهاز

                                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          51

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                          متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                          الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                          مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                          )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                          5-

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                          The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                          Daylighting calculations

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          57

                                                                          Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                          obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                          A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                          ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                          An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                          Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          58

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                          The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                          (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                          (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                          (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                          (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                          (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                          mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                          Total

                                                                          Indicative daylight factors

                                                                          60

                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                          61

                                                                          (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                          (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                          • Slide 22
                                                                          • Slide 23
                                                                          • Slide 25
                                                                          • Slide 33
                                                                          • Slide 36
                                                                          • Slide 37
                                                                          • Slide 38
                                                                          • Slide 43
                                                                          • Slide 44
                                                                          • Slide 45
                                                                          • Slide 46
                                                                          • Slide 47
                                                                          • Slide 49
                                                                          • Slide 50
                                                                          • Slide 52
                                                                          • Slide 53
                                                                          • Slide 54
                                                                          • Slide 55
                                                                          • Slide 56
                                                                          • Slide 59

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38

                                                                            Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany

                                                                            Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                            artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                            Daylight factor

                                                                            Artificial light (lux)

                                                                            05250

                                                                            10500

                                                                            15750

                                                                            201000

                                                                            39

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            40

                                                                            bullLight Pipes

                                                                            bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                            2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                            3EMITTER

                                                                            The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                            Light Pipeshellip

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            41

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            42

                                                                            Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                            اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                            London Art museum

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            48

                                                                            Polla museum in Japan

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                            أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                            النقل جهاز

                                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            51

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                            متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                            الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                            مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                            )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                            5-

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                            The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                            Daylighting calculations

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            57

                                                                            Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                            obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                            A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                            ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                            An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                            Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            58

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                            The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                            (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                            (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                            (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                            (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                            (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                            mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                            Total

                                                                            Indicative daylight factors

                                                                            60

                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                            61

                                                                            (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                            DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                            (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                            DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                            a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                            and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                            • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                            • Slide 22
                                                                            • Slide 23
                                                                            • Slide 25
                                                                            • Slide 33
                                                                            • Slide 36
                                                                            • Slide 37
                                                                            • Slide 38
                                                                            • Slide 43
                                                                            • Slide 44
                                                                            • Slide 45
                                                                            • Slide 46
                                                                            • Slide 47
                                                                            • Slide 49
                                                                            • Slide 50
                                                                            • Slide 52
                                                                            • Slide 53
                                                                            • Slide 54
                                                                            • Slide 55
                                                                            • Slide 56
                                                                            • Slide 59

                                                                              Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of

                                                                              artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example

                                                                              Daylight factor

                                                                              Artificial light (lux)

                                                                              05250

                                                                              10500

                                                                              15750

                                                                              201000

                                                                              39

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              40

                                                                              bullLight Pipes

                                                                              bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                              2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                              3EMITTER

                                                                              The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                              Light Pipeshellip

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              41

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              42

                                                                              Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                              اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                              London Art museum

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              48

                                                                              Polla museum in Japan

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                              أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                              النقل جهاز

                                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              51

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                              متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                              الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                              مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                              )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                              5-

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                              The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                              Daylighting calculations

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              57

                                                                              Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                              obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                              A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                              ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                              An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                              Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              58

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                              The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                              (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                              (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                              (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                              (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                              (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                              mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                              Total

                                                                              Indicative daylight factors

                                                                              60

                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                              61

                                                                              (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                              DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                              (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                              DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                              a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                              and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                              • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                              • Slide 22
                                                                              • Slide 23
                                                                              • Slide 25
                                                                              • Slide 33
                                                                              • Slide 36
                                                                              • Slide 37
                                                                              • Slide 38
                                                                              • Slide 43
                                                                              • Slide 44
                                                                              • Slide 45
                                                                              • Slide 46
                                                                              • Slide 47
                                                                              • Slide 49
                                                                              • Slide 50
                                                                              • Slide 52
                                                                              • Slide 53
                                                                              • Slide 54
                                                                              • Slide 55
                                                                              • Slide 56
                                                                              • Slide 59

                                                                                Innovated Daylighting Systems

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                40

                                                                                bullLight Pipes

                                                                                bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR

                                                                                2TRANSPORT SYSTEM

                                                                                3EMITTER

                                                                                The Light Pipe Principle

                                                                                Light Pipeshellip

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                41

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                42

                                                                                Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                                اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                                London Art museum

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                48

                                                                                Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                النقل جهاز

                                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                51

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                5-

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                Daylighting calculations

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                57

                                                                                Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                58

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                Total

                                                                                Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                60

                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                61

                                                                                (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                • Slide 22
                                                                                • Slide 23
                                                                                • Slide 25
                                                                                • Slide 33
                                                                                • Slide 36
                                                                                • Slide 37
                                                                                • Slide 38
                                                                                • Slide 43
                                                                                • Slide 44
                                                                                • Slide 45
                                                                                • Slide 46
                                                                                • Slide 47
                                                                                • Slide 49
                                                                                • Slide 50
                                                                                • Slide 52
                                                                                • Slide 53
                                                                                • Slide 54
                                                                                • Slide 55
                                                                                • Slide 56
                                                                                • Slide 59

                                                                                  Light Pipeshellip

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                  41

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                  42

                                                                                  Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                                  اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                                  London Art museum

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                  48

                                                                                  Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                  أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                  النقل جهاز

                                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                  51

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                  متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                  الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                  مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                  )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                  5-

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                  The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                  Daylighting calculations

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                  57

                                                                                  Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                  obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                  A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                  ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                  An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                  Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                  58

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                  The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                  (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                  (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                  (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                  (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                  (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                  mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                  Total

                                                                                  Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                  60

                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                  61

                                                                                  (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                  DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                  (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                  DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                  a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                  and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                  • Slide 22
                                                                                  • Slide 23
                                                                                  • Slide 25
                                                                                  • Slide 33
                                                                                  • Slide 36
                                                                                  • Slide 37
                                                                                  • Slide 38
                                                                                  • Slide 43
                                                                                  • Slide 44
                                                                                  • Slide 45
                                                                                  • Slide 46
                                                                                  • Slide 47
                                                                                  • Slide 49
                                                                                  • Slide 50
                                                                                  • Slide 52
                                                                                  • Slide 53
                                                                                  • Slide 54
                                                                                  • Slide 55
                                                                                  • Slide 56
                                                                                  • Slide 59

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                    42

                                                                                    Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                                    اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                                    London Art museum

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                    48

                                                                                    Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                    أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                    النقل جهاز

                                                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                    51

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                    متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                    الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                    مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                    )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                    5-

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                    The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                    Daylighting calculations

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                    57

                                                                                    Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                    obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                    A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                    ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                    58

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                    Total

                                                                                    Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                    60

                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                    61

                                                                                    (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                    (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                    • Slide 22
                                                                                    • Slide 23
                                                                                    • Slide 25
                                                                                    • Slide 33
                                                                                    • Slide 36
                                                                                    • Slide 37
                                                                                    • Slide 38
                                                                                    • Slide 43
                                                                                    • Slide 44
                                                                                    • Slide 45
                                                                                    • Slide 46
                                                                                    • Slide 47
                                                                                    • Slide 49
                                                                                    • Slide 50
                                                                                    • Slide 52
                                                                                    • Slide 53
                                                                                    • Slide 54
                                                                                    • Slide 55
                                                                                    • Slide 56
                                                                                    • Slide 59

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                                      اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                                      London Art museum

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                      48

                                                                                      Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                      أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                      النقل جهاز

                                                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                      The Heliostat System

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                      51

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                      متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                      الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                      مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                      )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                      5-

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                      The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                      Daylighting calculations

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                      57

                                                                                      Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                      obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                      A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                      ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                      An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                      Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                      58

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                      Total

                                                                                      Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                      60

                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                      61

                                                                                      (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                      (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                      • Slide 22
                                                                                      • Slide 23
                                                                                      • Slide 25
                                                                                      • Slide 33
                                                                                      • Slide 36
                                                                                      • Slide 37
                                                                                      • Slide 38
                                                                                      • Slide 43
                                                                                      • Slide 44
                                                                                      • Slide 45
                                                                                      • Slide 46
                                                                                      • Slide 47
                                                                                      • Slide 49
                                                                                      • Slide 50
                                                                                      • Slide 52
                                                                                      • Slide 53
                                                                                      • Slide 54
                                                                                      • Slide 55
                                                                                      • Slide 56
                                                                                      • Slide 59

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44

                                                                                        اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                                        London Art museum

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                        48

                                                                                        Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                        أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                        النقل جهاز

                                                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                        The Heliostat System

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                        51

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                        متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                        الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                        مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                        )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                        5-

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                        The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                        Daylighting calculations

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                        57

                                                                                        Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                        obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                        A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                        ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                        An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                        Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                        58

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                        The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                        (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                        (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                        (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                        (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                        (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                        mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                        Total

                                                                                        Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                        60

                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                        61

                                                                                        (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                        (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                        • Slide 22
                                                                                        • Slide 23
                                                                                        • Slide 25
                                                                                        • Slide 33
                                                                                        • Slide 36
                                                                                        • Slide 37
                                                                                        • Slide 38
                                                                                        • Slide 43
                                                                                        • Slide 44
                                                                                        • Slide 45
                                                                                        • Slide 46
                                                                                        • Slide 47
                                                                                        • Slide 49
                                                                                        • Slide 50
                                                                                        • Slide 52
                                                                                        • Slide 53
                                                                                        • Slide 54
                                                                                        • Slide 55
                                                                                        • Slide 56
                                                                                        • Slide 59

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45

                                                                                          London Art museum

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                          48

                                                                                          Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                          أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                          النقل جهاز

                                                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                          The Heliostat System

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                          51

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                          متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                          الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                          مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                          )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                          5-

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                          The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                          Daylighting calculations

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                          57

                                                                                          Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                          obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                          A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                          ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                          An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                          Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                          58

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                          The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                          (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                          (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                          (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                          (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                          (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                          mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                          Total

                                                                                          Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                          60

                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                          61

                                                                                          (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                          (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                          • Slide 22
                                                                                          • Slide 23
                                                                                          • Slide 25
                                                                                          • Slide 33
                                                                                          • Slide 36
                                                                                          • Slide 37
                                                                                          • Slide 38
                                                                                          • Slide 43
                                                                                          • Slide 44
                                                                                          • Slide 45
                                                                                          • Slide 46
                                                                                          • Slide 47
                                                                                          • Slide 49
                                                                                          • Slide 50
                                                                                          • Slide 52
                                                                                          • Slide 53
                                                                                          • Slide 54
                                                                                          • Slide 55
                                                                                          • Slide 56
                                                                                          • Slide 59

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                            48

                                                                                            Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                            أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                            النقل جهاز

                                                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                            The Heliostat System

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                            51

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                            متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                            الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                            مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                            )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                            5-

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                            The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                            Daylighting calculations

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                            57

                                                                                            Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                            obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                            A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                            ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                            An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                            Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                            58

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                            The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                            (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                            (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                            (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                            (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                            (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                            mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                            Total

                                                                                            Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                            60

                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                            61

                                                                                            (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                            DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                            (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                            DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                            a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                            and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                            • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                            • Slide 22
                                                                                            • Slide 23
                                                                                            • Slide 25
                                                                                            • Slide 33
                                                                                            • Slide 36
                                                                                            • Slide 37
                                                                                            • Slide 38
                                                                                            • Slide 43
                                                                                            • Slide 44
                                                                                            • Slide 45
                                                                                            • Slide 46
                                                                                            • Slide 47
                                                                                            • Slide 49
                                                                                            • Slide 50
                                                                                            • Slide 52
                                                                                            • Slide 53
                                                                                            • Slide 54
                                                                                            • Slide 55
                                                                                            • Slide 56
                                                                                            • Slide 59

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                              48

                                                                                              Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                              أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                              النقل جهاز

                                                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                              The Heliostat System

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                              51

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                              متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                              الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                              مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                              )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                              5-

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                              The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                              Daylighting calculations

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                              57

                                                                                              Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                              obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                              A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                              ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                              An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                              Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                              58

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                              The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                              (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                              (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                              (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                              (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                              (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                              mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                              Total

                                                                                              Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                              60

                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                              61

                                                                                              (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                              DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                              (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                              DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                              a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                              and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                              • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                              • Slide 22
                                                                                              • Slide 23
                                                                                              • Slide 25
                                                                                              • Slide 33
                                                                                              • Slide 36
                                                                                              • Slide 37
                                                                                              • Slide 38
                                                                                              • Slide 43
                                                                                              • Slide 44
                                                                                              • Slide 45
                                                                                              • Slide 46
                                                                                              • Slide 47
                                                                                              • Slide 49
                                                                                              • Slide 50
                                                                                              • Slide 52
                                                                                              • Slide 53
                                                                                              • Slide 54
                                                                                              • Slide 55
                                                                                              • Slide 56
                                                                                              • Slide 59

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                48

                                                                                                Polla museum in Japan

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                                أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                                النقل جهاز

                                                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                                The Heliostat System

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                51

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                                متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                                الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                                مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                5-

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                57

                                                                                                Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                58

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                Total

                                                                                                Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                60

                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                61

                                                                                                (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                • Slide 22
                                                                                                • Slide 23
                                                                                                • Slide 25
                                                                                                • Slide 33
                                                                                                • Slide 36
                                                                                                • Slide 37
                                                                                                • Slide 38
                                                                                                • Slide 43
                                                                                                • Slide 44
                                                                                                • Slide 45
                                                                                                • Slide 46
                                                                                                • Slide 47
                                                                                                • Slide 49
                                                                                                • Slide 50
                                                                                                • Slide 52
                                                                                                • Slide 53
                                                                                                • Slide 54
                                                                                                • Slide 55
                                                                                                • Slide 56
                                                                                                • Slide 59

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49

                                                                                                  أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي

                                                                                                  النقل جهاز

                                                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                                  The Heliostat System

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                  51

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                                  متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                                  الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                                  مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                  )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                  5-

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                  The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                  Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                  57

                                                                                                  Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                  obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                  A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                  ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                  An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                  Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                  58

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                  The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                  (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                  (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                  (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                  (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                  (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                  mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                  Total

                                                                                                  Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                  60

                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                  61

                                                                                                  (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                  DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                  (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                  DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                  a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                  and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                  • Slide 22
                                                                                                  • Slide 23
                                                                                                  • Slide 25
                                                                                                  • Slide 33
                                                                                                  • Slide 36
                                                                                                  • Slide 37
                                                                                                  • Slide 38
                                                                                                  • Slide 43
                                                                                                  • Slide 44
                                                                                                  • Slide 45
                                                                                                  • Slide 46
                                                                                                  • Slide 47
                                                                                                  • Slide 49
                                                                                                  • Slide 50
                                                                                                  • Slide 52
                                                                                                  • Slide 53
                                                                                                  • Slide 54
                                                                                                  • Slide 55
                                                                                                  • Slide 56
                                                                                                  • Slide 59

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50

                                                                                                    The Heliostat System

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                    51

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                                    متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                                    الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                                    مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                    )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                    5-

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                    The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                    Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                    57

                                                                                                    Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                    obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                    A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                    ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                    58

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                    Total

                                                                                                    Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                    60

                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                    61

                                                                                                    (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                    (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                    • Slide 22
                                                                                                    • Slide 23
                                                                                                    • Slide 25
                                                                                                    • Slide 33
                                                                                                    • Slide 36
                                                                                                    • Slide 37
                                                                                                    • Slide 38
                                                                                                    • Slide 43
                                                                                                    • Slide 44
                                                                                                    • Slide 45
                                                                                                    • Slide 46
                                                                                                    • Slide 47
                                                                                                    • Slide 49
                                                                                                    • Slide 50
                                                                                                    • Slide 52
                                                                                                    • Slide 53
                                                                                                    • Slide 54
                                                                                                    • Slide 55
                                                                                                    • Slide 56
                                                                                                    • Slide 59

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                      51

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                                      متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                                      الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                                      مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                      )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                      5-

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                      The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                      Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                      57

                                                                                                      Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                      obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                      A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                      ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                      An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                      Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                      58

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                      Total

                                                                                                      Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                      60

                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                      61

                                                                                                      (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                      (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                      • Slide 22
                                                                                                      • Slide 23
                                                                                                      • Slide 25
                                                                                                      • Slide 33
                                                                                                      • Slide 36
                                                                                                      • Slide 37
                                                                                                      • Slide 38
                                                                                                      • Slide 43
                                                                                                      • Slide 44
                                                                                                      • Slide 45
                                                                                                      • Slide 46
                                                                                                      • Slide 47
                                                                                                      • Slide 49
                                                                                                      • Slide 50
                                                                                                      • Slide 52
                                                                                                      • Slide 53
                                                                                                      • Slide 54
                                                                                                      • Slide 55
                                                                                                      • Slide 56
                                                                                                      • Slide 59

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                                        متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                                        الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                                        مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                        )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                        5-

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                        The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                        Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                        57

                                                                                                        Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                        obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                        A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                        ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                        An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                        Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                        58

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                        The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                        (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                        (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                        (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                        (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                        (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                        (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                        mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                        Total

                                                                                                        Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                        60

                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                        61

                                                                                                        (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                        (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                        • Slide 22
                                                                                                        • Slide 23
                                                                                                        • Slide 25
                                                                                                        • Slide 33
                                                                                                        • Slide 36
                                                                                                        • Slide 37
                                                                                                        • Slide 38
                                                                                                        • Slide 43
                                                                                                        • Slide 44
                                                                                                        • Slide 45
                                                                                                        • Slide 46
                                                                                                        • Slide 47
                                                                                                        • Slide 49
                                                                                                        • Slide 50
                                                                                                        • Slide 52
                                                                                                        • Slide 53
                                                                                                        • Slide 54
                                                                                                        • Slide 55
                                                                                                        • Slide 56
                                                                                                        • Slide 59

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                                          متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                                          الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                                          مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                          )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                          5-

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                          The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                          Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                          57

                                                                                                          Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                          obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                          A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                          ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                          An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                          Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                          58

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                          The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                          (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                          (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                          (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                          (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                          (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                          (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                          mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                          Total

                                                                                                          Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                          60

                                                                                                          Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                          61

                                                                                                          (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                          (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                          • Slide 22
                                                                                                          • Slide 23
                                                                                                          • Slide 25
                                                                                                          • Slide 33
                                                                                                          • Slide 36
                                                                                                          • Slide 37
                                                                                                          • Slide 38
                                                                                                          • Slide 43
                                                                                                          • Slide 44
                                                                                                          • Slide 45
                                                                                                          • Slide 46
                                                                                                          • Slide 47
                                                                                                          • Slide 49
                                                                                                          • Slide 50
                                                                                                          • Slide 52
                                                                                                          • Slide 53
                                                                                                          • Slide 54
                                                                                                          • Slide 55
                                                                                                          • Slide 56
                                                                                                          • Slide 59

                                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54

                                                                                                            متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة

                                                                                                            الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال

                                                                                                            مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا

                                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                            )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                            5-

                                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                            The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                            Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                            57

                                                                                                            Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                            obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                            A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                            ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                            An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                            Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                            58

                                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                            The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                            (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                            (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                            (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                            (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                            (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                            (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                            mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                            Total

                                                                                                            Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                            60

                                                                                                            Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                            61

                                                                                                            (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                            DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                            (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                            DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                            a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                            and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                            • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                            • Slide 22
                                                                                                            • Slide 23
                                                                                                            • Slide 25
                                                                                                            • Slide 33
                                                                                                            • Slide 36
                                                                                                            • Slide 37
                                                                                                            • Slide 38
                                                                                                            • Slide 43
                                                                                                            • Slide 44
                                                                                                            • Slide 45
                                                                                                            • Slide 46
                                                                                                            • Slide 47
                                                                                                            • Slide 49
                                                                                                            • Slide 50
                                                                                                            • Slide 52
                                                                                                            • Slide 53
                                                                                                            • Slide 54
                                                                                                            • Slide 55
                                                                                                            • Slide 56
                                                                                                            • Slide 59

                                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55

                                                                                                              )movable-orientable Glass Louvres(

                                                                                                              5-

                                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                              The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                              Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                              57

                                                                                                              Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                              obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                              A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                              ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                              An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                              Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                              58

                                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                              The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                              (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                              (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                              (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                              (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                              (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                              (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                              mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                              Total

                                                                                                              Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                              60

                                                                                                              Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                              61

                                                                                                              (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                              DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                              (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                              DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                              a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                              and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                              • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                              • Slide 22
                                                                                                              • Slide 23
                                                                                                              • Slide 25
                                                                                                              • Slide 33
                                                                                                              • Slide 36
                                                                                                              • Slide 37
                                                                                                              • Slide 38
                                                                                                              • Slide 43
                                                                                                              • Slide 44
                                                                                                              • Slide 45
                                                                                                              • Slide 46
                                                                                                              • Slide 47
                                                                                                              • Slide 49
                                                                                                              • Slide 50
                                                                                                              • Slide 52
                                                                                                              • Slide 53
                                                                                                              • Slide 54
                                                                                                              • Slide 55
                                                                                                              • Slide 56
                                                                                                              • Slide 59

                                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56

                                                                                                                The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system

                                                                                                                Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                57

                                                                                                                Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                                obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                                A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                                ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                                An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                                Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                58

                                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                                The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                                (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                                (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                                (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                                (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                                mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                                Total

                                                                                                                Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                                60

                                                                                                                Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                61

                                                                                                                (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                                DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                                (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                                DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                                a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                                and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                                • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                                • Slide 22
                                                                                                                • Slide 23
                                                                                                                • Slide 25
                                                                                                                • Slide 33
                                                                                                                • Slide 36
                                                                                                                • Slide 37
                                                                                                                • Slide 38
                                                                                                                • Slide 43
                                                                                                                • Slide 44
                                                                                                                • Slide 45
                                                                                                                • Slide 46
                                                                                                                • Slide 47
                                                                                                                • Slide 49
                                                                                                                • Slide 50
                                                                                                                • Slide 52
                                                                                                                • Slide 53
                                                                                                                • Slide 54
                                                                                                                • Slide 55
                                                                                                                • Slide 56
                                                                                                                • Slide 59

                                                                                                                  Daylighting calculations

                                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                  57

                                                                                                                  Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds

                                                                                                                  obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky

                                                                                                                  A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows

                                                                                                                  ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                                  An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                                  Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                  58

                                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                                  The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                  (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                  (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                                  (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                                  (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                                  (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                                  (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                                  mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                                  Total

                                                                                                                  Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                                  60

                                                                                                                  Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                  61

                                                                                                                  (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                                  DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                                  (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                                  DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                                  a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                                  and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                                  • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                                  • Slide 22
                                                                                                                  • Slide 23
                                                                                                                  • Slide 25
                                                                                                                  • Slide 33
                                                                                                                  • Slide 36
                                                                                                                  • Slide 37
                                                                                                                  • Slide 38
                                                                                                                  • Slide 43
                                                                                                                  • Slide 44
                                                                                                                  • Slide 45
                                                                                                                  • Slide 46
                                                                                                                  • Slide 47
                                                                                                                  • Slide 49
                                                                                                                  • Slide 50
                                                                                                                  • Slide 52
                                                                                                                  • Slide 53
                                                                                                                  • Slide 54
                                                                                                                  • Slide 55
                                                                                                                  • Slide 56
                                                                                                                  • Slide 59

                                                                                                                    ExampleDaylighting calculations

                                                                                                                    An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and

                                                                                                                    Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03

                                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                    58

                                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                                    The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                    (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                    (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                                    (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                                    (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                                    (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                                    (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                                    mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                                    Total

                                                                                                                    Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                                    60

                                                                                                                    Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                    61

                                                                                                                    (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                                    DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                                    (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                                    DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                                    a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                                    and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                                    • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                                    • Slide 22
                                                                                                                    • Slide 23
                                                                                                                    • Slide 25
                                                                                                                    • Slide 33
                                                                                                                    • Slide 36
                                                                                                                    • Slide 37
                                                                                                                    • Slide 38
                                                                                                                    • Slide 43
                                                                                                                    • Slide 44
                                                                                                                    • Slide 45
                                                                                                                    • Slide 46
                                                                                                                    • Slide 47
                                                                                                                    • Slide 49
                                                                                                                    • Slide 50
                                                                                                                    • Slide 52
                                                                                                                    • Slide 53
                                                                                                                    • Slide 54
                                                                                                                    • Slide 55
                                                                                                                    • Slide 56
                                                                                                                    • Slide 59

                                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59

                                                                                                                      The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way

                                                                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                      (R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375

                                                                                                                      (R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500

                                                                                                                      (R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388

                                                                                                                      (R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023

                                                                                                                      (R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84

                                                                                                                      (R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36

                                                                                                                      mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash

                                                                                                                      Total

                                                                                                                      Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                                      60

                                                                                                                      Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                      61

                                                                                                                      (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                                      DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                                      (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                                      DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                                      a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                                      and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                                      • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                                      • Slide 22
                                                                                                                      • Slide 23
                                                                                                                      • Slide 25
                                                                                                                      • Slide 33
                                                                                                                      • Slide 36
                                                                                                                      • Slide 37
                                                                                                                      • Slide 38
                                                                                                                      • Slide 43
                                                                                                                      • Slide 44
                                                                                                                      • Slide 45
                                                                                                                      • Slide 46
                                                                                                                      • Slide 47
                                                                                                                      • Slide 49
                                                                                                                      • Slide 50
                                                                                                                      • Slide 52
                                                                                                                      • Slide 53
                                                                                                                      • Slide 54
                                                                                                                      • Slide 55
                                                                                                                      • Slide 56
                                                                                                                      • Slide 59

                                                                                                                        Indicative daylight factors

                                                                                                                        60

                                                                                                                        Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture

                                                                                                                        61

                                                                                                                        (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                                        DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                                        (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                                        DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                                        a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                                        and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                                        • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
                                                                                                                        • Slide 22
                                                                                                                        • Slide 23
                                                                                                                        • Slide 25
                                                                                                                        • Slide 33
                                                                                                                        • Slide 36
                                                                                                                        • Slide 37
                                                                                                                        • Slide 38
                                                                                                                        • Slide 43
                                                                                                                        • Slide 44
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                                                                                                                          61

                                                                                                                          (a) Sidelighting average

                                                                                                                          DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)

                                                                                                                          (b) Horizontal skylight

                                                                                                                          DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as

                                                                                                                          a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)

                                                                                                                          and Hwin is the window head height (m)

                                                                                                                          • Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
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