Inferring Strategy
Post on 21-Jan-2015
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Compiled by Diane Jensen and Jody Sulser
ExLL 2009
Inferring
Making Inferencesis
reading BETWEENthe lines
is the bedrock of comprehension uses schema and author’s clues to draw conclusions, make critical judgments, and form unique interpretations
occurs in the form of conclusions, predictions, or new ideas.
Inferring …
go hand in hand to build understanding
an inference is a prediction based from author’s clues and your own schema
when a question is generated, an inference is rarely far behind
inferring, questioning, and predicting are next of kin
However…
Inferring, Questioning and Predicting…
Prediction: A logical guess based on facts. It is either confirmed or disproved by the text
Inference: A logical conclusion based on schema and clues in the text. Inferences are not explicitly confirmed in the text
Opinion: A belief or conclusion that isn’t necessarily based on facts or information. It can be informed or ridiculous, because it is based on what one thinks instead of what is proven by facts to be true.
Teach the Difference
1. Ask yourself a question. Wonder about something in the text. (I wonder why Owen quit writing to Petey?)
2. Consider textual evidence left by the author that may represent important clues. (The man was 73 years old, he couldn’t lift the patients anymore when he left the hospital, he wrote letters and then they suddenly stopped.)
3. Think about what you know about the evidence. What does your background knowledge tell you about these clues? (Owen was old and getting weak. My grandma always sent birthday cards until she died.)
4. Using the clues in the text and your background knowledge about the topic, try to answer the original question. (Owen quit writing because he got old and died.)
Teach students to Infer
create meaning that is not explicitly stated in the text
use the combination of background knowledge and explicitly stated information to answer questions they have as they read
are more able to remember and reapply what they have read, create new and revise background knowledge
When proficient readers infer they…
may read more slowly, reread sections, write, or draw to better understand the content
revise their inferences based on the inferences and interpretation of others
When proficient readers infer they…
Getting Started with Inferring
Read comicsRead riddlesRead poetryPlay charadesGuess the use of the unusual kitchen
applianceFigure out the mystery substance in
bottlesRead and solve mysteries togetherSketch and write the endings to a
thrilling storyCatch students inferring and LABEL IT!
PoetryFictionWide variety of interpretation is appropriate
NonfictionMore narrow range of interpretation is typical
** latitude is given providing the reader can defend their inferences with relevant prior knowledge and specific text they have read
Texts to use for inferring:
Cartoons As an Example of InferenceWhy do some cartoons make you laugh, while
others go right over your head?
Picture Books as an Example of Inference
Listen to the description and look at the illustration. Infer where the ants are in the
kitchen.
When the mind is thinking, it is talking to itself.
~Plato
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