Transcript
Chinese Empress
Drinking tea under
a tree
Silkworm cocoon
falls into hot tea
Silk strand unravels
and larva exposed
VENKATESH R
2 YEAR
ANBIL DHARMALINGAM AGRICULTURAL
COLLEGE AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
TRICHY-9
importance of SERICULTURE
Sericulture is both an art and science of
rearing silkworm for the production of
cocoons which is the raw material for the
production of silk.
SILK, “THE QUEEN OF THE FABRICS”
• China >India
• With an annual silk production of around 23,000
M.Tons
• Karnataka >Andra Pradesh> Tamil nadu >West
Bengal >Jammu & Kashmir
• Contribution of about 90%
• The annual silk production in Tamil Nadu is
around 1200 metric tons.
India has a distinct advantage of
practicing sericulture through out the
year, yielding a stream of about 4-
6crops.
While the major producers are in Asia (90%
of mulberry production and almost 100% of
non-mulberry silk).
India is the only country in the world
producing all the four varieties of silk;
Mulberry, Eri, Tasar and Muga.
Traditional
Commodity of Our
Country
HIGH EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
• Labour intensive.
• About 1 million workers are employed in
the silk sector in China.
• Silk Industry provides employment to 7.9
million people in India, and 20,000 weaving
families in Thailand.
• It is estimated that Sericulture can generate
employment @ 11 man days per kg of raw
silk production (in on-farm and off-farm
activities) throughout the year.
• Village-based industry.
• 20,863 farmers are practicing sericulture,
cultivating 33,861 acres of mulberry.
• Employment to 1,69,305 persons.
HIGH RETURNS
• An agro based cottage industry
• Capable of providing continuous
income to farmers.
• It requires low investment but, with
potential for relatively higher returns
• Estimated investments of Rs.12,000 to 15,000 (excluding
cost of land and rearing space) is sufficient for undertaking
mulberry cultivation and silkworm rearing in one acre of
irrigated land.
• Mulberry takes only six months to grow for
commencement of silkworm rearing.
• By adopting stipulated package of practices, a farmer can
attain net income levels up to Rs.30000 per acre per
annum.
• Short gestation period, and steady
income throughout the year.
• It is the only one cash crop in
agriculture sector that gives returns
within 30 days.
WOMEN FRIENDLY
• Participation of women (60%) and family
members leads to higher income flow to the family.
• This is possible because sericulture activities
starting from mulberry garden management, leaf
harvesting and silkworm rearing is more
effectively taken up by the women.
ECOFRIENDLY ACTIVITY
• As a perennial crop with good foliage and root-spread,
mulberry contributes to soil conservation and provides
green cover.
• Waste from silkworm rearing can be recycled as inputs
to garden.
• Firewood
• Mulberry can also be cultivated as intercrop with
numerous plantations.
IMPORT AND EXPORT
• Silk and silk goods are very good
foreign exchange earners.
• Export potential of this sector is
promising.
• Export 1/7th of silk products to foreign
countries
BY-PRODUCTS
• Many by products are obtained from sericulture
activities.
• Mulberry and silkworm have pharmaceutical
values
• Silkworm is used as a tool for genetic and
biotechnological studies
• Silkworm gives products which are used as human
medicines
• The mulberry fruits are rich in minerals and vitamins
and from the roots, barks and mulberry leaves
several Ayurveda and herbal medicines are prepared.
• Pupal oil is used in cosmetic industry and the
remaining pupal cake is a rich source of protein
suitable for poultry and fisheries.
• In some tribal population, the people eat eri pupa as a
source of protein and nourishment.
MULTIPURPOSE USE OF SERICULTURE
• Traditional commodity of our country
• Agro based rural industry
• High employment potential
• Production
• Higher income generation potential.
• Maximum turnout can be obtained with
minimum investment.
• Ecofriendly activity
• Women friendly
• Higher income per unit area
• Self-employment opportunities
• Pharmaceutical values
• Genetic and biotechnological studies
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