HOW THE INFORMATION SOCIETY IS CHANGING THE WAY OF LEARNING

HOW THE INFORMATION SOCIETY IS CHANGING THE WAY OF LEARNING

Ingrid Noguera Fructuoso03/12/13

Source: http://insidetheclassroomoutsidethebox.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/learn-64058_640.jpg

WHO I AMBA in Pedagogy, MA in University teaching, PhD Educational Multimedia

Created in1450Created in 1994

RESEARCH INTERESTS‣How to teach better u s i n g

technologies?

‣ How to learn more and better using technologies?

‣ Research project: The Impact of ICT in Education’s Evolution: State of the Art and Future Trends Chair Nouvelles

technologies et éducation (Imma Tubella)

WHAT IS ICT• Information and Communications Technology(ies)• ICT covers any product that store, retrieve, manipulate,

transmit or receive information electronically in a digital form.

Devices Applications

Jim Riley

WHY TO INVESTIGATE THE USE OF ICT IN EDUCATION?Information society

Digital gap

Roles, needs (teachers, students)

Net generation

Source: http://ngonapoom.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/change.jpg

RESEARCHI aimed to evidence how education is changing, and will change, to meet the needs of Net Generation with ICT support.

How Millennials are and what they expect?

In which context we

are?

ICT has had impact in HE?

How to implement ICT effectively?

What education for the future?

ICT has had impact in Secondary

Education?

METHODOLOGY

Method Desk-based research

Years 2002-2012

Source

Reports: all educational levels, all around the world

Institutions: Pew Internet, New Media Consortium, BECTA, IEA, Fundación Telefónica, JISC, European Schoolnet, Eurydice, European Commission, Institute for Prospective, OECD and Sloan Consortium

QuantitySelected: 179Discarded: 90

Deeply reviewed: 89

INFORMATION SOCIETY

How people is

equipped in the

Information Society?

+ mobile

Young

In which context we

are?

Mobiles in the world today at 08:23 am. (http://www.phonecount.com/pc/count.jsp)

Young

Internet

Broadband

Young

Internet users in the world today at 10 am (http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users/)

• People are using more devices (mobile, tablets, laptops).

• Are more connected through the Internet (broadband).

• Are consuming Internet in a social way and are using multimedia resources.

• Young people are using these devices and connection in a more intensive way than other generations and are using them for learning purposes.

To sum up

e-book & tablets

iPod & game consoles

NET GENERATION

More visually literate than previous generations

Multitask

Always connected

Immediate communication

S t e e p e d i n d i g i t a l technology and social media

How Millennials are and what they expect?

Born after 1977

What do they expect?

➡The kind of ICT devices and services available at educational institutions, ➡The frequency of their use, ➡The range of possible activities, ➡The opportunities for collaborative work and networking, ➡The communication skills involved (including a reinterpretation of written

language), ➡The degree of learning personalisation, ➡The standards of digital quality, in terms of interactivity and use of multimedia

resources.

Source: Pedró (2006)

How do students work?

ICT IMPACT IN SECONDARY EDUCATION

➡ Focused on providing tools and access to the Internet.➡ Few studies comparing ICT access and equipment internationally.➡ Almost all educational institutions are equipped with at least one computer, have Internet connection,

and the ratio of students per computer is decreasing.

➡ Smallest ratio of students per computer (3 students per computer), the integration of ICT in the USA is more extended than in Europe.

➡ Still being disparities between countries and between the opportunities for using ICT at home and at schools.

➡ -40% of countries promote the use of online learning.➡ Teachers' use of ICT hardware and software in the classroom is widely encouraged,, they use ICT to support

existing pedagogies.➡ In several countries computers are still not readily accessible to students in the classroom.➡ ICT has a positive impact on learning.➡ Division between teachers’ practices (copying, listening, class discussion, taking notes and computer work) and

students’ preferences (teamwork, practical activities, working with friends, use of the computer and copying).

OECD

EUROPE

USA

ICT has had impact in Secondary

Education?

ICT IMPACT IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Which use and acceptance of e-learning in

OECD countries?

ICT has had impact in HE?

(+)➡E-learning is growing.➡e-learning has positive effect on the quality of teaching and learning.➡ICT is changing the learning experience of students regarding time, space and

access to information.

(-)➡More studies in USA than in Europe.➡Face-to-face remains central, e-learning is supplementary. ➡E-learning has not revolutionised learning and teaching because ICT still being used as

operational tools.➡More focused on technologies instead of knowledge access and building.➡ICT has more impact on administrative service than on teaching and learning.➡Resistance among the faculty members is still one of the key barriers.➡E-learning is not less costly (high cost of software development, face-to-face tutorial

support, and infrastructure costs).➡State or national governments play a significant role in the strategic direction and

funding of e-learning.➡The priority now is to find a way to mainstream e-learning and maximise its

impact in the classroom. OECD (2005)

➡Students in online conditions perform better, especially, if they are guided, offering them media to control their interactions and prompting reflection.

➡Blended learning is better than face-to-face learning if include a variation in terms of curriculum materials and instructional approach.

Means et al. (2010)

➡Technology has had and will have significant impact on higher education➡Online learning is gaining a firm foothold in universities around the world➡University respondents view technology as having a largely positive impact on their campuses

Glenn (2008). International

Has technology had impact on HE in

the world?

Is e-learning better than face-to-face?

Which are the emerging

technologies in HE?

Technologies are becoming more ubiquitous, social, personal, open and based on cloud computing. Also game-based learning, augmented reality and semantic applications are having a great impact. However, the main emerging technology for learning seems to be the mobile phone.

Horizon Report (2004-2012) and Sharples et al. (2012)

EFFECTIVE TEACHING

What is the difference?

http://imgur.com/gallery/N2PYK8Shttp://www.npr.org/blogs/talk/2011/07/14/137845813/july-14-whats-on-todays-show

How to implement ICT effectively?

early 1960

Behaviorism Learn is to repeat. Stimulus–response

Computer-assisted instruction. Questions-right/

wrong answers

CognitivismLearn is to organize and re-

organize. Problem-based learning

Webquest

Constructivism Learn is to construct knowledge actively with others Wikis

Connectivism Learn is to be able to connect information sources PLEs

Which tools for which approaches?

Learning theory Meaning of learning Technology

!Knight (2004)

Model of learning activity

design

The UOC’s educational model

Gros et al. (2009).The UOC’s educational model: evolution and future perspectives

EDUCATION FOR THE FUTURE

Davidson & Goldberg (2010), Redecker (2009), Miller, Shapiro, & Hilding-Hamann (2008)

➡Collaborate.➡Networked learning (learning as connectivity and

interactivity).➡Learner-centered.➡Personalisation, flexibility.➡Self-learning.➡Lifelong learning.➡Horizontal structures➡De-cen te red pedagogy, ma r g i n a l i s a t i on o f

institutionalised learning.➡Open source education and open learning (all the time,

everywhere)➡Participatory learning➡Pleasant.➡Skills and attitudes: creativity, collaboration, critical

capacity and communication.

What means to learn in the digital era?

What education for the future?

How ICT will support the education

for the future?

Pedró (2011), future of education with ICT support:➡ To learn more (using technologies to be more efficient in

introducing new methodological approaches), ➡ To learn better (using technologies to personalize learning) ➡ To learn in a different way (using technologies to facilitate the

acquisition of 21 century skills).

Which tools will we use?

How ICT will support the education

for the future?

Pedró (2011), future of education with ICT support:➡ To learn more (using technologies to be more efficient in

introducing new methodological approaches), ➡ To learn better (using technologies to personalize learning) ➡ To learn in a different way (using technologies to facilitate the

acquisition of 21 century skills).

Which tools will we use?

In general, the future of education seems to be in technologies more adapted to users, more visual, collaborative and ubiquitous.

CONCLUDING REMARKS

➡Education needs to change to respond to the needs of the Information Society and Net Generation.

➡Young people are leading the change in the Information Society by using technologies intensively to communicate and to learn.

➡Teachers need to be encouraged to use ICT more effectively (to change).

➡We should promote techno-pedagogical designs. ➡Policies (and research) should be better linked to developing practices.➡ICT are creating and impacting change in learning, but more

knowledge is needed.➡Research need to look for international and qualitative approaches to

analyse the effective use of ICT and its impact on learning processes and outcomes.

THANKS!! :-)

ingridnoguera@gmail.com

@ingridnf

ICT in higher education

Ingrid Noguera