History of the internet

History of the Internet

What is the Internet?

• The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching.

• It is a "network of networks“• The largest network in the world that can

connect any computer to another computer as long as they both have the internet.

Where Did It All Begin?

• The World Wide Web began in Geneva, Switzerland– In one of the largest scientific

laboratories in the world.• The laboratory was called

CERN (Counseil European Pour la Recherche Nucleaire – European Laboratory for Particle Physics)

What does WWW stand for?

• World Wide Web

• The Internet and the World Wide Web are not synonymous: Web is actually something that is available via the Internet – The Internet is a collection of interconnected

computer networks – The Web is a collection of interconnected

documents, linked by hyperlinks and URLs.

What is a Network?• Network - two or more computers that are connected for

the purpose of sharing information

• LAN– A local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a

small area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings.– Computers that are near each other.

• WAN – A wide area network or WAN is a computer network covering a

broad geographical area. – The most well-known example of a WAN is the Internet.

What is ARPANET?

• First network developed in early ’60’s and ’70’s by scientists and military experts

• Allowed them to share information and research data over long distances

• An experimental network• Beginning of what would

become the internet

Connecting to the Internet

• Modem - A MO-dulator DE-Modulator. – Converts digital information to analog and analog to digital.• Analoglike sound waves • Digitalsignal in 1s and 0s

• Types of Modems– Telephone - designed to modulate a data signal over the

telephone– DSL - designed to modulate a data signal over the telephone

using new technology to increase transmission speed– Cable Modem - designed to modulate a data signal over cable

television

The Internet Screen

What is a Browser?

• Software which allows you to view information and Web Pages on the WWW

• Different browsers can have radically different capabilities and limitations

Viewing the Internet

• Types of Browsers

Navigating the Internet• Search Engine - is a program designed to help find

information on the World Wide Web, – They locate and isolate desired information by searching for

keywords that the user specifies.

• Examples of Search Engines– Google– Yahoo– MSN– Ask Jeeves– Yandex

HTTP• HyperText Transfer Protocol

– The transmission standard used to send an HTML document across the WWW

– Ensures reliable connections between many different computer types

– A common set of standards that ensures all computers connected to the Internet will have common ground on which to work

What is a domain?

• The address of the URL of a particular WEB site

• It tells where the address is located i.e. .com; .edu; .gov

• The name that is to the right of the last dot in the Internet address

• vk.com

Some common domains….• .COM –

– Commercial• .EDU –

– Educational• .NET –

– Network• .GOV –

– Government• .ORG –

– Non-Profit Organizations• .INT –

– International• .MIL –

– Military

Privacy and the Net

• There is NO privacy on the Internet. All visits to websites are tracked using cookies and logs

• Passwords can help protect your information on the Internet

What a Great Time of Life We Live In!!!

THANKS FOR WATHCHING