Hannover High End Utility Metering
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Really, Really Smart Meters
Smart Grids Forum April 24, 2012 Hannover Messe
Schneider Electric 2 - Division - Name – Date
Efficiency Sustainability Reliability
Reduce Duration Prevent Maintain
Quality Optimize Capacity
Energy Management
Distributed Energy Resources
Substation Automation Sensor data
Feeder Automation Waveform Analysis Voltage
Optimization
Complex Rates
Customer Portal
Home/Building Automation
Demand Response PHEV
Energy Storage
Micro-Grids
Schneider Electric 3 - Division - Name – Date
High End Utility Metering Offer
● 80% of Utility Metering is “Smart” meters -> Residential market ● High End metering is focused on a much smaller market including:
● Production – Generation metering ● Transmission – Grid metering for bulk power exchange ● Distribution – Large industrial customers and renewable grid connections
Generation Metering
Revenue
Distribution Metering
Residential
Meter Volumes
Schneider Electric 4 - Division - Name – Date
High End Utility Metering
Class 0,2 metering offer that combines energy metering, power quality, I/O and communications in a single device to solve a wide variety of utility applications including one or combination of the following: ● Revenue/tariff metering for billing ● Power quality compliance & analysis ● Substation automation – provide operational data to SCADA system and control
capability ● Equipment monitoring and control (peak shaving, breaker control, generators) ● Improve system accuracy with existing equipment (Loss compensation)
Schneider Electric 5 - Division - Name – Date
Key Functionality for Utility Metering
Schneider Electric 6 - Division - Name – Date
Key Utility Metering Applications for:
● RTU Functions - Monitoring breaker status and/or other substation values ● Feeder Monitoring – Operational data about feeders to SCADA system,
Gateway functions and totalization (Mastering) ● Power Quality – Provide waveform and compliance data for large substations
Feeder Automation
● Generation asset monitoring – turbine, gas-fired generator, ● Power Quality at intertie between renewable asset and grid ● Operational data for windfarm control systems assets
Revenue Metering ● High accuracy energy metering (legacy pulsing, 3rd party billing packages
(DLMS, MV-90)) ● Loss compensation for transformers and transmission lines
Renewable Energy
Schneider Electric 7 - Division - Name – Date
Reliability is the main priority for Distribution Operators
● Safety and Reliability are often considered ONE goal and have the highest priority historically ● “The flow of capital spend is generally directed at problems over opportunities”
-Booz, Allen, Hamilton; Edison Electric Institute Strategic Issues Forum
● “Keeping your lights on safely, efficiently and at a reasonable cost are my highest priorities as Dominion Virginia Power chief executive officer”
-Paul Koonce, CEO Virginia Dominion Power
Power Interruption is Expensive Average Cost for 1 Hour of Power Interruption per Customer
Industry Amount
Cellular communications $41,000
Telephone ticket sales $72,000
Airline reservation system $90,000
Semiconductor manufacturer $2,000,000
Credit card operation $2,580,000
Brokerage operation $6,480,000
Source: US Dept of Energy
Schneider Electric 8 - Division - Name – Date
But the electrical industry is transforming
Reliability Efficiency
Sustainability
► Environmental pressure ► Decentralized renewable energies ► Deregulation ► Interconnections ► Supply demand response ► Energy efficiency ► Electric cars
Reliability
Our customers have defined the mechanism for this transformation as ‘Smart Grid’
Schneider Electric 9 - Division - Name – Date
Incoming Metering
Substation Metering Applications
Control Center Level
Substation Level
Bay Level
Process Level
CO
MM
UN
ICATIO
N IN
FRA
STRU
CTU
RE
Critical Load Monitoring
Metering Applications
Schneider Electric 10 - Division - Name – Date
Fault Analysis Impact
Crew call-in
Patrol for fault location
Travel to area Repair
Potential for SAIDI reduction using location techniques
Potential for SAIFI reduction using predictive methods
Schneider Electric 11 - Division - Name – Date
Fault Location
F. Zavoda, M. Tremblay; “Symbiosis Between ADA Applications and PQ Monitoring in Smart Grids”, EPRI PQ and Smart Distribution Conference and Exhibition; Québec City, June 2010
Schneider Electric 12 - Division - Name – Date
Fault Anticipation
● Waveform signatures and trends indicate incipient failures ● Distributed sensors provide better view of operation
for condition based maintenance (cap controller, recloser, etc) ● Distributed sensors provide better location
information when faults do occur
Schneider Electric 13 - Division - Name – Date
JEA Facts and Figures
The company ● Largest publicly owned utility in Florida, #8 in US ● Over 2300 MW of generation capacity from coal, gas, and landfill ● 360,000 customers
The system ● 17 PQ monitors at generators ● 73 PQ monitors at Transmission and Distribution substations ● 92 PQ monitors at large industrial sites ● Connected via MODEM, Ethernet, and wireless ● Central servers running data collection and analysis software
Schneider Electric 14 - Division - Name – Date
System architecture
Schneider Electric 15 - Division - Name – Date
Northshore Substation T1 Issue
● System initially reported a 0 current value on C phase of very short duration (less than half a cycle) ● This issue would happen a few times during each day ● Over a 4 week period the duration of the 0 current on C phase increased to
just over 1 cycle.
Schneider Electric 16 - Division - Name – Date
Waveform of Northshore T1
Note how “blue” line is flat
= no current flow
= melting metal in tap changer
Schneider Electric 17 - Division - Name – Date
Northshore Substation Issue
● Investigation of the distribution system pointed out one possible cause. A load tap changer in a distribution transformer was the likely suspect. ● A maintenance outage was planned and the transformer was taken off line
and opened up. ● A broken pin was found on C phase of the tap changer transfer switch
Schneider Electric 18 - Division - Name – Date
Tap Changer for Northshore T1 note broken pin
Schneider Electric 19 - Division - Name – Date
Tap Changer for Northshore T1 note melted parts
Schneider Electric 20 - Division - Name – Date
Northshore Substation Issue
● After the planned maintenance it was determined that the transformer had about 2 weeks before a catastrophic failure occurred. The blade on the tap changer switch would have eventually hit the side of the tank once the jaw completely melted. ● The PQ system saved JEA over $1M in equipment replacement costs plus
customer satisfaction remained high since there was no prolonged outage.
Schneider Electric 21 - Division - Name – Date
Bay Meadows Transformer T2
● Similar Issue to Northside Transforemer T1 ● C phase waveform shown below ● JEA scheduled a shutdown to do maintenance
Schneider Electric 22 - Division - Name – Date
Connector Ring - Picture 1
Schneider Electric 23 - Division - Name – Date
Bay Meadows Transformer T2
● PQ system prevented this transformer from failing ● Transformer replacement cost would have been over $1M ● Customer Satisfaction did not “take a hit” as no outage was seen by the
customer. ● Since this event, the EEM system has been programmed to give an alarm for
this waveform signature. This will help identify an issue faster. ● The automated report identified a third LTC problem that required the
replacement of 49 contacts “These kinds of issues are a ticking time tomb. In the past, an LTC failure has usually meant that we lose the transformer. The meters and software have already potentially saved three transformers at $1 million apiece. And the value to customer service is immeasurable in avoiding unplanned outages to thousands of customers.” - Tom Ventresca, Power Systems Engineer, JEA
Schneider Electric 24 - Division - Name – Date
Conclusions
● Power Quality is an important part of Smart Grid
● Research shows power quality data can be used to locate faults and to identify pending failures
● Technology exists today to gain the benefits
● PQ Systems have proven they can pay back
Schneider Electric 25 - Division - Name – Date
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Schneider Electric 26 - Division - Name – Date
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