GROSS Food Allergies in Children - Penn State Hershey Medical

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FrancesGross,D.O.RosevillePediatrics

Food Allergies

Overview

• Affects5%ofchildrenunderageof5

• 4%ofteensandadults

• Definedas:Specificcomponentsoffood(proteinsofchemicalhaptens)thatarerecognizedbyallergen‐specificimmunecellsandelicitspecificimmunologicreactions.

• Phenomenonwhenanantibodyreactsnotonlywiththeoriginalallergen,butwithasimilarallergen

• Commonamongdifferentshellfishandtreenuts

Cross Reactivity

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Most Common Food Allergies

• Cowmilk• Soy• Egg• Wheat• Peanut• Treenuts• Shellfish

• Milk, eggand peanutmajorityofallergicreactionsinyoungchildren

• Cowmilkmostcommonfoodallergyinthefirstyearoflife

• Peanut,treenutsandshellfishmajorityofreactionsinteensandadults

• Nutallergyinchildrenisthemostsevere

• Canbefatal

• Prevalenceabout0.6%ofU.S.population

Nut Allergy

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• 4timesmorelikelytohaveAsthma

• AlmostalldeathsofU.S.childrenfromanaphylaxisduetofoodshadAsthma

AstudybytheCDCshowschildrenwithfoodallergiesare2‐4timesmorelikelytohaveotherrelatedconditions.

• Eczema3timesmorelikelyinchildrenwithfoodallergy

• Ifhavebotheczemaandfoodallergy:50%morelikelytobediagnosedwithAsthma

Link to Eczema

• 16differenttypesofimmunereactionstofood

• IgE mediatedreactionstofoodandnonIgE mediated

• IgE (yourallergyantibody)isauniqueclassofimmunoglogulin thatmediatesanimmediateallergicreaction

Allergic Response to Food

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Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2010; 126:S1-S58 (DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2010.10.007)Copyright © 2010 Terms and Conditions

Reactions

• Foodinducedanaphylaxis

• Oralallergysyndrome

• Cutaneous reaction• Hives• Flushing• Dermatitis

• Respiratoryreaction• Asthma

Most Common Presentations

Diagnosis

• ClinicalHistory:Ingestsfoodandsymptomsappear

• Serum‐ Immunocap lgE BloodTest/Rast Test

• SkinTesting

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Treatment/ Prevention

• Notherapiestotreatfoodallergy

• Only optionandtreatmentisavoidanceoffoodallergen

• Involvesthemanagementofallergicsymptomswhentheyappear

• Keystosuccessforpatientswithfoodallergy:

• Education• FoodAllergyPlan• Avoidance

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Anaphylaxis Treatment

TheFoodAllergy&AnaphylaxisNetwork(FAAN)(800)929‐4040www.foodallergy.orgfaan@foodallergy.org

For more information:

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Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Food Allergy in the United States: Report of the NIAID‐Sponsored Expert Panel

NIAID‐SponsoredExpertPanelJournalofAllergyandClinicalImmunologyVolume126,Issue6,PagesS1‐S58(December2010)

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.10.007

Copyright © 2010 Terms and Conditions

Questions?