From Drought Response to Center Stage

From Drought Response to Center

Stage:

Water Conservation Finds It’s Home in Integrated

Resources Planning

From Drought Response to Center

Stage:

Water Conservation Finds It’s Home in Integrated

Resources Planning

Central Texas Water Conservation SymposiumFebruary 26, 2013

Richard HarrisWater Conservation Manager

Presentation Outline

• EBMUD Facts and Figures

• California’s Water Challenges

• EBMUD’s Water Supply Management Program

• EBMUD’s Water Conservation Master Plan

Implementation Strategies

EBMUD Facts and Figures

EBMUD Service Area

EBMUD Water Supply

• The watersheds

– Water quality

– Water storage

• Size matters

EBMUDWater and Wastewater Services

Water

• 1.34 million customers

• 190-210 MGD demand

• 35 communities

• 330 sq.mi service area

• >4,000 miles of pipe

• 385,000 accounts

Wastewater

• 650,000 customers

• 75 MGD Avg. Flow

• 83 sq.mi service area

• 100% energy sufficient

California’s Water Challenges

Headlines

Flood or Drought:California Water Supply

DRY or DRY or CRITICALLY CRITICALLY

DRYDRY

28 years 28 years (37%)(37%)

NORMAL NORMAL

25 years25 years(32%)(32%)

WETWET

24 years24 years(31%)(31%)

1921 to 19981921 to 1998

3 of last 10 Years Dry (2000-09)

Statewide Snow Water ContentStatewide Snow Water Content

Snow Water Equivalents

FY2013 Gross Water ProductionFY2013 Gross Water Production

20122012--13 Watershed Precipitation13 Watershed Precipitation

0.16

”

2.20

”

9.53

”

0.03

”

0.36

”

11.8

5”

1.06

”

0.18

”

Reservoir StorageReservoir Storage

621,680 AF126,760 AF318,160 AF176,760 AF

Current Storage

Good81%Total SystemGood84%East BayGood76%CamancheGood89%Pardee

SupplyCondition

Percent of Capacity

As of 02/10/13

Challenge: Zero Sum Game

• Competition between Water Agencies for limited supplies

• Competition between Agencies and Environmental Concerns for water

• Desire to protect water quality/habitat & fisheries

Legal Decisions

Clean Water Act

Endangered Species

Climate Change

1957 Plan

Challenge: Climate Change

Could Impact California’s

- Snowpack

- River Flow

- Fisheries Habitat (warmer water)

- Delta Levees

- Water Quality (particularly in the Bay Delta)

- Water use patterns

- Groundwater Quality

- Drought (severity and frequency)

- Floods (severity and frequency)

- Hydroelectric Power Generation

Regulatory Changes

•Metering, Graywater,•Lead removal, and more…

Urban Water Management Planning Act - 1983

• EBMUD sponsored legislation

• Evaluates supply reliability in drought years and emergencies

• Provides public input in shaping water resources planning

• Verifies water supply assessments for new developments

• Supports basis for State Water Plan

• Complies with Water Conservation Act of 2009

EBMUD Water Supply Management Program

(WSMP) To 2040

WSMP 2040 Purpose/Objectives

• Water supply reliability to the year 2040

• Account for accomplishments and changes since the last WSMP (1993), including:

- New facilities and programs- New regulatory and resource requirements- Climate change

• Find optimum balance between customer rationing, conservation, recycling and supplemental supply

• Maintain environmental stewardship

WSMP 2040 Planning Objectives

• Operations, Engineering, Legal & Institutional- Provide water supply reliability- Utilize water right entitlements- Promote regional solutions

• Economic- Minimize customer cost- Minimize drought impact - Maximize positive impact to local economy

• Public Health, Safety and Community- Ensure high water quality - Minimize adverse sociocultural impacts - Minimize risks to public health & safety- Maximize security of infrastructure & water supply

• Environmental- Preserve & protect the environment for future generations- Preserve & protect biological resources- Minimize carbon footprint- Promote recreational opportunities

WSMP 2040 Solution Provides Flexibility for the Future

• Future demand growth will be met through:

- Aggressive water conservation

- Maximum feasible recycled water

- 10% water rationing objective in dry years

• Additional diverse supplemental supplies will allow reduction in water rationing from >25%

WSMP 2040 - Preferred Portfolio

• Robust plan: needed in light of future uncertainty (e.g., Global Climate Change)

• Multiple, parallel project components

• Diverse & flexible strategy

• Environmentally sound

WSMP 2040 Water Supply Portfolios

55E

66

Components

Supp. Supply

Recycled WaterRationingConservation

2522

4425%D

3315%C

2210%B

110%AExamplePortfolio 1

2040 Demand Study

• Employed a land-use based approach to develop water use estimates

• Land-use approach viewed as the most rigorous methodology

• Actual water use data by land use was utilized

• Met with 19 city and county land use planning agencies to confirm planning projections

2040 Demand Study Results

• Higher density, development up not out

• 0.8% annual increase in demand (2010-2040)

• Demand reflects planning agencies’ best

estimate of development

• Demand confirmed by population projections

• Future increase in demand entirely offset by

conservation, recycling and rationing in dry

years

2040 Demand Projection with Conservation & Recycling

SBx7-7 Interim & Compliance 2020 Per Capita Use Targets

10-year (1995-2004)Baseline = 165 GPCD

Projected 2020Conservation

And Recycling144 GPCD

5-year (2003-07)Baseline = 158 GPCD 133

WSMP 2040 - Water Conservation Approach

• Considered more than 100 conservation measures

• Analyzed 53 individual conservation measures beyond plumbing codes

• Range of analysis: from natural savings to maximum voluntary conservation potential

• Assess technology, behavior and leak repair

• Assess implementation barriers (e.g. customer acceptance, market saturation, cost)

• Range of market saturation <1% to 95%

58

53

51

39

11

# of Measures1

$11,30025-95%41Maximum voluntary programE

$6,30020-80%39Current program equivalent + 2D

$3,60015-75%37Current program equivalentC

$50010-65%29Natural savings + 10 B

NA10-50%19Natural savingsA

Average Incremental

Dry Year Unit Cost ($/AF) 2

% Market Saturation

2040 Water Savings (MGD)

DescriptionLevel

Water Conservation:Level A - E Comparison

1 Estimated range of multiple measures/products across all customer sectors.2 Preliminary number based on need for water in 3 of 10 years. Baseload unit costs subsequently reduce by approx. 60%.

Content Overview:Projected 2040 Water Supply

Note: Customer rationing limited to 15%

2011 Water Conservation 2011 Water Conservation Master Plan (WCMP) Update Master Plan (WCMP) Update

• Update to 1994 WCMP

• Internal planning-level document

• Ten-year period 2011-2020

• Incorporates long-term planning to year 2040

• Obtains customer input through surveys, focus

groups, facilitated meetings, and workshops

WCMP Water Savings & Targets WCMP Water Savings & Targets (1995(1995--2040)2040)

WSMP 2040

43 WCMP 2011 Projections

28 Savings Thru FY 2012

68

59

2010 UWMP Projected Drought + Economy Adj.

Average Customer Demand (2005-2012)

FY05-07 Average (pre-drought)FY08-10 Average (drought) Down 12%FY11-12 Average (post-drought) Down 19%-11%

-15%

-6% -9%

-10%-15%

-14%-25%-17%

-35%

-11%-17%-5% -14%

Water Conservation (Market) Trends

• Indoor residential conservation becoming saturated

• Focus toward outdoor and supply-side savings

• Maintaining savings through behavior-related services

• Innovative incentives thru loans, on-bill financing

• Standards for advanced metering infrastructure

• Nexus with energy, wastewater, and solid waste

• Enhanced web-based services (self-help tools, videos)

• Professional landscaper & plumber certification

Cumulative Water Conservation Budget (1992-2015)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

19921993

19941995

19961997

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20122013

20142015

Fiscal Year

Prog

ram

Bud

get (

Mill

ion

$)

Customer Opinion Research Customer Opinion Research (April (April –– August 2011)August 2011)

• Awarded $131K DWR grant

• Conducted focus groups, web survey, facilitated meetings

• Researched

– drought behaviors

– WCMP strategies and services

Customer Opinion Research Customer Opinion Research FindingsFindings

• General perception that low water price limits conservation-related financial savings

• Function, price and water savings are important purchasing considerations

• Outdoor landscape is an extension of living space, aesthetics and usability

• Few customer know how much water they use; measured in dollars, not gallons

• Ability for landlords to individually meter, bill for usage could provide conservation incentive

• Many expressed interest in metering technology, real time access, water budgets

Conservation Measure Conservation Measure EvaluationEvaluation

DSS Model End Use Demand Projections

WCMP WCMP –– Monitoring and Monitoring and Tracking Tracking

WCMP WCMP -- Implementation StrategiesImplementation Strategies(2011(2011--2020)2020)

1 2

6

3

45

FY11-12 Conservation Highlights

• 5,000 water audits completed

• 22,600 rebates distributed

• 15,000 devices distributed

• $1.3 million in incentives

• 20,700 landscape water budgets

• 3,000 plant books sold

• 24 WaterSmart businesses recognized

Water Management StrategiesWater Management Strategies

•Web services- Calculators- How to videos

•Water surveys

•Water budgets

•Leak notification

•WaterSmart certification

•Advanced metering tools

Water Management ServicesLandscape Irrigation Water Budgets

Water Management Services:Customized Water Savings Reports

Education & OutreachEducation & Outreach

• WaterSmart Gardener

• Public education

• Marketing

• Community events

• Conservation workshops

• Training/certification(plumbers, landscapers)

Education and Outreach

FY13 WaterSmart Incentives

giveawayWater-efficient devices (e.g. showerheads, aerators, nozzles)

($0.50/CCF)Cooling and process equipment

$75 - $150

$2 - $5/nozzle

Pressure regulators, submeters

High-Efficiency Sprinklers

$0.50/sq.ft. Lawn conversion

Drip Irrigation

$75 - $300Weather-based irrigation controllers

$50 - $125 (EBMUD)

$50 - $350 (PG&E)Residential and commercial high-efficiency clotheswashers

$100High-efficiency toilets and urinals

Bundled Outdoor Program - Up to $2,500 resid. $20,000 comm.

$0.25/sq.ft.

Conservation Rebate Trends –Total Rebates Distributed

Rebate Totals (2005-07 and 2010-12)

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

FY05 FY06 FY07 FY10 FY11 FY12

Fiscal Year

Ann

ual R

ebat

e A

ctiv

ity

Pre-Drought Post-Drought

Conservation Rebate Trends –Total Rebates Dollars

Total Rebate Dollars (2005-07 and 2010-12)

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

FY05 FY06 FY07 FY10 FY11 FY12

Fiscal Year

Reb

ate

Dol

lars

Dis

trib

uted

Pre-Drought Post-Drought

Conservation Rebate Trends –Estimated Water Savings

Estimated Rebate Water Savings (2005-07 and 2010-12)

-

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

FY05 FY06 FY07 FY10 FY11 FY12

Fiscal Year

Ann

ual S

avin

gs (M

illio

n G

al.) Pre-Drought Post-Drought

Regulations and Legislation

• EBMUD Water Service Regulations• Water-efficiency requirements (Section 31)

• Individual (unit) metering (Section 2)

• Landscape metering (Section 3)

• State • CalGreen codes

• Model landscape ordinance

• Retrofit-on-resale legislation

• Federal • Energy Policy Act

Supply-Side Conservation

• Leak detection

• Pipeline repair/replacement

• Water facility audits

• Pressure management

• Distribution system monitoring

vs

Research and DevelopmentResearch and Development

• Water-use information tools

• Meter accuracy/technology

• Water-loss monitoring

• Product testing and labeling (i.e. WaterSense, Energy Star)

• Low-water use turf grasses

• Plan check reviewvs

Research & Development:Blackhawk AMI Pilot Project Update

• Initiated during 2008-09 drought

• ~4,000 meters (85% residential)

• Beta-testing in 2010

• Equipment replaced in 2011

• Automated reading in 2012

• Roll out in 2013

• 5-yr service contract thru 2018

WaterSmart Toolbox-Customer Monthly Use

WaterSmart Toolbox-Customer Daily Use

WaterSmart Toolbox-Customer Hourly screen

Research & Development: Home Water Report Pilot Study

Comparison to similar

households

Personalized savings/offers

Modified messaging and raffle prizes

Email Home Water Report (Email Home Water Report (eHWReHWR))

WaterSmart SoftwareWaterSmart Software——How It How It WWorksorks

Home Water ReportsCustomer Web Portal Utility Dashboard

WaterSmartRecommendation Engine

Online Customer PortalOnline Customer Portal

• Historical Water

Consumption

• Neighbor Water Use

Comparisons

• Customer FAQ

• Ability to Change

Residence Information

• Possible Integration

with AMR

Online Customer Portal (cont.)Online Customer Portal (cont.)

•Conservation rebate offers

•Water savings tips

•Educational materials

UtilityUtility--Facing Water Efficiency Facing Water Efficiency DashboardDashboard

• Program Management

• Utility- &User-Level Data

Residential SurveyResidential Survey

>13,000 distributed online and via mailResponses: >2,600 (~21%)EBMUD – completed data entry of paper copiesWSS - integrated responses into database

Survey Results: Survey Results: Attitudes and AwarenessAttitudes and Awareness

I make an active commitment to use water efficiently indoors and outdoors.

I talk with friends and neighbors about ways to use water more efficiently.

Survey Results: Survey Results: Attitudes and AwarenessAttitudes and Awareness

Survey Results: Survey Results: Fixtures, Appliances, BehaviorsFixtures, Appliances, Behaviors

Toilets

Survey Results: Survey Results: Fixtures, Appliances, BehaviorsFixtures, Appliances, Behaviors

Washing Machine

Survey Results: Survey Results: Fixtures, Appliances, BehaviorsFixtures, Appliances, Behaviors

Irrigation

Survey (& Consumption & Real Estate) Data Survey (& Consumption & Real Estate) Data PersonalizationPersonalization

Individual Results Personalized Recommendations

Aggregate Results Awareness, Saturation, Program Priorities

Lessons and Results: Lessons and Results: Happy Customers, Taking Action Happy Customers, Taking Action

•Overall customers happy, liked neighborhood comparison

•4.6% of customers have called or gone online

•Increased request for conservation services (3 audits/day)

•Power of social norms - water use comparison v. $ on bill

•Effective prompt/nudge for people who were complacent

•Graphics v. text-heavy bill – simple communication

•Some people pay close attention – pull out old bills

•Targeting 2% annual water savings overall

•Early results of 4-5%

Research & Development: Home Water Report Pilot Study (cont’d)

14,5004,0009,500Total3,0001,5001,500Random3,5003,500-Oakland, CA8,000-8,000Castro Valley, CA

TotalControl Group

No. of ParticipantsCity

• $75,000 CA Water Foundation grant

• Test new billing information concepts

• Preliminary 4-5% water savings/acct.

• Evaluation period June 2012-Dec 2013

Preliminary Results w/EBMUD Experimental & Control Group

Developer• Submits plans to planning agency• Tentative Map Plan (TMP) approval• Environmental assessment/compliance• Pays for water service connection

Planning Agency

Water Agency• Review and comment on TMP• Review and comment on DEIR• Complete water service assessment• Issue water meter

• Routes TMP for comment• Notifies developer of req’ts• Routes DEIR for comment• Issues occupancy permit

Plan Review Process

Water Service Application Check List

On-line Plan Review Tracking Forms

Water Management Strategies

Questions

How water and energy efficient

dishwashers really work…

Richard W. HarrisWater Conservation Managerrharris@ebmud.com(510) 287-1675

waterconservation@ebmud.comwww.ebmud.com