Freescale PowerPoint Template - NXP Semiconductors · −What is LTE? −Cellular deployment −Network architecture −4G market and perspectives • Lecture 2 −LTE radio interface
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TM
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire,
ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis, mobileGT, PowerQUICC,
Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack,
CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge,
QUICC Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink,
Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or
service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale
Semiconductor, Inc.
TM 2
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Course is addressed to students in 3rd grade or above
− Students will not have “to choke” on deeply technical notions
• Students get to know about the field of designing and
engineering in DSP for Telecom
• Introduce ETTI students into the magic world of 4G, from
the engineer perspective, not just as a consumer
• Freescale is setting up future sessions for you with
Telecom experts
− Courses, free discussions, research projects etc.
− Your feedback is highly welcome!
TM 3
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• You will understand what 4G means and what makes it so
special.
• You will become familiar with LTE terminology.
• You will have an overview of LTE physical layer (Layer 1)
and understand what kind of operations and activities are
going on inside a system on-chip at L1 level.
• You will learn essentials of optimizing the system
throughput.
• You will understand that implementing a base station
requires a lot of engineering talent.
TM 4
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Andrei Alexandru Enescu
• Academic
− Professor at University (2003-2010)
− Ph D degree in the field of MIMO in Modern Wireless Communication Systems
− Currently invited professor for CSIC master program, with two courses:
Software Defined Radio
DSP for HDL
• Industry
− Past
PHY Team lead at Redline Communication
• Cross-layer optimization and DSP
Team manager at Freescale Semiconductors for L1
− Currently
Wireless Access System Engineer at Freescale Semiconductors for LTE and WCDMA projects
TM 5
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Nice to meet you!
TM 6
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Lecture 1
− What is LTE?
− Cellular deployment
− Network architecture
− 4G market and perspectives
• Lecture 2
− LTE radio interface
TDD vs. TDD
Flexible bandwidth
Frame structure
− Performance figures
− QoS impact on L1
• Lecture 3
− Processing chain
− Block diagram of a NodeB
− Small vs. Macro cells
− Key hardware accelerators
− Multi-standard terminal
TM 7
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• LTE represents the migration from voice-centric
transportation infrastructures to a fully packet switched,
flat IP network model
• Next generation communication standard
− Following the traces of GSM, EDGE, UMTS
• LTE addresses mobile market needs in terms of services
(capacity, latency, flexible network)
− Encourages evolving of new services (e.g. collaborative real-
time video games, video sharing, video conferences etc.)
TM 8
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
0
2
4
6
8
Mobile traffic
0.6
1.2
2.2
3.8
6.3
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Mobile traffic will reach 6.3 exa bytes (1 EB = 1018B) in 2015*
One word: VIDEO
*Source: Cisco VNI Mobile 2012
TM 9
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Interactive TV
Mobile video blogging
Advanced video games
Video apps
Professional services
TM 10
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Mobile traffic by 2015
− 6.3 EB
− 108% annual increase
− Average smartphone will generate monthly traffic of 1.3GB
− 65% of all traffic is video
− It’s all about mobility
*Source: Cisco VNI Mobile 2012
TM 11
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• What does the mobile market want?
− More throughput
Larger bandwidth
• Up to 100MHz
Enhanced technologies
• OFDM, MIMO, SC-FDMA
− Smaller latency
− Increased security
• Traffic-revenue gap becomes larger and larger
− Limit the traffic
− Optimize costs
TM 12
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
3G - UMTS How is it Performance Possible
improvement
Network Hierarchical
Slow, expensive
Shift to flat
network (all IP)
Throughput 300Mbps on DL
and 75Mbps on UL
We need much more
than that
More bandwidth
Better
technologies
DL/UL
balance 4:1
Very unbalanced – not
suitable for Interactive
video, advanced gaming
and other video services
Enhance
technology over
UL
Latency 2 sec on first
connection
50ms afterwards
Way too slow!
Shift to flat
network (all IP)
TM 13
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• All-IP flat network
− No more hierarchical aggregation of user data
− User core router is linked to the central core router
− We benefit from:
Smaller latency
Reduced number of elements in the network
• Reduced OPEX (OPerational EXpenses)
More decoupling between radio access network from core network
• New technologies at L1 level
TM 14
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
RNC
RNC
SGSN
EPC
NodeB
eNodeB
eNodeB
UMTS
LTE
X2
S1
Iub
Iur
Iu-PS
Circuit switched
zone
Packet switched
zone
Packet switched
zone
TM 15
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
3G - UMTS How is it Performance Possible
improvement
Network Hierarchical
Slow, expensive
Shift to flat
network (all IP)
Throughput 300Mbps on DL
and 75Mbps on UL
We need much more
than that
More bandwidth
Better
technologies
DL/UL
balance 4:1
Very unbalanced – not
suitable for Interactive
video, advanced gaming
and other video services
Enhance
technology over
UL
Latency 2 sec on first
connection
50ms afterwards
Way too slow!
Shift to flat
network (all IP)
Smaller latency
Reduced cost along with increasing traffic
Flexible network
TM 16
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Modulation
− Mapping bits onto symbols from a predefined set
• MIMO
− Using multiple antennas to transmit independent streams
Streams may be used to better “encode” the signal and gain more
robustness
• Carrier aggregation
− Achieving higher bandwidth
TM 17
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Group several bits into a symbol
− QPSK: 2 bits/symbol
− 16QAM: 4 bits/symbol
− 64QAM: 6 bits/symbol
• Radio channel alters the transmitted symbol
− Receiver decides which is the most likely symbol transmitted based on proximity
• Increasing rate means choosing over a denser constellation
• This comes at the price of being less robust on the radio channel
00 01
11 10
0 1
b0 b1
-1+j
s0
QPSK example
16QAM
TM 18
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Transmitter has multiple antennas
• It can transmit independent streams over each antenna
• Make sure each antenna has a different propagation path than the others
− Paths must be decorrelated
• Receiver must have the same number of antennas or larger
• Complex decoding algorithms
Tx Rx Channel
TM 19
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• In LTE-A, bandwidth will go up to 100MHz
• Aggregates bands
• UE (Mobile terminal) is unaware
− Backwards compatibility with Rel 8/9 terminals
5MHz
10MHz
20MHz
100MHz
TM 20
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Technology
• MIMO
− Using multiple antennas to transmit independent streams
− Streams may be used to better “encode” the signal and gain
more robustness
• CoMP (Coordinated MultiPoint Diversity)
− Mobile terminal at the cell edge may receive signal from two
different base stations
• HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repetition Request)
− Retransmission at the L1 level using different transmit patterns
TM 21
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• HSPA+ still struggles to keep in the game (Nokia Siemens)
• Import the same technologies as in LTE
Standard HSPA Rel 5 HSPA Rel 11+ LTE Rel 8 LTE A Rel 11
Max bandwidth 5MHz DL: 40MHz
UL: 10MHz
20MHz 100MHz
MIMO - DL: 2x2
UL: 2x2
DL: 4x4
UL: 1x2
DL: 8x8
UL: 4x4
Max
modulation
DL: 16QAM
UL: QPSK
DL: 64QAM
UL: 64QAM
64QAM 64QAM
Peak rate DL: 14.4Mbps
UL: 5.76Mbps
DL: 672Mbps
UL: 70Mbps
DL: 300Mbps
UL: 75Mbps
DL: 3Gbps
UL: 1.5Gbps
TM 22
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
3G - UMTS How is it Performance Possible
improvement
Network Hierarchical
Slow, expensive
Shift to flat
network (all IP)
Throughput 300Mbps on DL
and 75Mbps on UL
We need much more
than that
More bandwidth
Better
technologies
DL/UL
balance 4:1
Very unbalanced – not
suitable for Interactive
video, advanced gaming
and other video services
Enhance
technology over
UL
Latency 2 sec on first
connection
50ms afterwards
Way too slow!
Shift to flat
network (all IP)
TM 23
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Small cells is an emerging market
• Mini base stations covering smaller range
• Two scenarios
− Extended coverage
− Capacity offload
Cell type Capacity Coverage Mobility
Macro > 256 users Wide coverage High
Metro 128 – 256
users Outdoor Medium
Pico 32 users Enterprise Low
Femto 8 users Domestic/Office Low
TM 24
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Users at cell edge experience
smaller throughput or sub-par
QoS
Femtocells at coverage holes
TM 25
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
- Offload capacity from the
main base station
- Separate backhaul
TM 26
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• WiFi hot-spots + 4G femto
• WiFi
− We already have small cells in our homes
− They have issues related to coverage
Require many small cells
Large costs
− Limited capacity
• 4G femto
− Boosts up coverage
− Deals with more users
• A lot of business cases relying on the answer
TM 27
Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, ColdFire+, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, Kinetis,
mobileGT, PowerQUICC, Processor Expert, QorIQ, Qorivva, StarCore, Symphony and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,
Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. Airfast, BeeKit, BeeStack, CoreNet, Flexis, Layerscape, MagniV, MXC, Platform in a Package, QorIQ Qonverge, QUICC
Engine, Ready Play, SafeAssure, the SafeAssure logo, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, Vybrid and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
• Lecture 2
− More insight on radio interface and L1
− FDD/TDD
− OFDMA
− SC-FDMA
− Frame formats
− MIMO
− We will do some math and derive max peak rate
− We will fantasize about what could come next
Towards 5G
TM
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