Forensic Science Information Literacy

Information LiteracyForensic Science - Between Crime Scene and Research

Kasper M. Abcouwerk.m.abcouwer@uva.nl

Master Forensic Science

September 18th & 19th 2013

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Introduction

What do we do:

Provide students and staff with scientific literatureGive courses and help with searching and evaluatingBibliometric analysis Manage library / student space

Opening hours:Mon - Fri 7.30 - 22.00Sat 10.00 - 18.00

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Student Facilities of the Library

Student Collaboration Spaces (Groepswerkplekken)

Study room locations Inter Library Loan RefWorks Help (UBAcoach)

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Stand on the shoulders of Giants

“If I have seen a little further it is by

ing “

Isaac Newton 1676Letter to Robert Hook

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Why should you read literature?

Avoid repeating research A persuasive approach to your problem realized by:

* Avoiding beginner mistakes* Using standard terminology* Compare your contribution with related research

Why you shouldn’t:

Why you should:

By reading literature you may follow familiar paths and directions and unconsciously shut paths you might otherwise have had followed.

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You can’t read everything

“It is estimated that the scientific literature increases by 2000 pages every minute and that it would take five years for anyone to read the new scientific literature produced each day.”

From: Arthur M. Lesk Introduction to Bioinformatics, 2008

Forensic Science, Information Literacy 7FROM: Buringh, Eltjo; van Zanden, Jan Luiten: "Charting the “Rise of the West”: Manuscripts and Printed Books in Europe, A Long-Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries", The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 69, No. 2 (2009), pp. 409–445

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Scientific output of UvA, VU and together

Forensic Science, Information Literacy 9From:http://sadrnezhaad.ir/sk/index.php/en/scientific-paper-trail

From

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The peer review process

From:http://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/howscienceworks_16

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Other ways of Science evaluation

Citing Impact Factor H-index Altmetrics Other bibliometric methods

2011

2009 2008 2010 2005 1998

20122012 2012 2012 2012

Initial article

Cited articlesReferences

Citing articles

Citing and cited references

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impact factor 2012

Citations in 2012 to articles published 2010 en 2011

IF = ---------------------------------------------------------

Articles published in 2010 en 2011

Impact factor is not a measure of quality

Discipline specific

IF = journal impact

Database specific

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Hirsch -index

H-index: "career-impact" author

From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-index

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Network analysis of publication @ UvA -IBED

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Sources: peer-reviewed

Monographs / text booksFor study and backgroundComplete treatment of subjectScientific publishing ensures qualityCite a textbook? Indicate chapter and / or page (s)

Journal articleA higher level, more detailed and more solid than conference reportSometimes old news at the time of publication (delay)

Paper in book by editorsSeveral papers, state-of-the-art overviewIndividual papers are cited

Paper in conference proceedingsrecent resultsQuality conference, publisher of the proceedings?Not always peer-reviewed

16

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Sources: not peer-reviewd

Working papers, preprintsUp-to-date, dissemination of ideas“Open access”

http://arxiv.org

WebsitesVery useful to blatant nonsenseEvaluate reliabilityWhen citing mention when visited

Personal communicationCite as ‘personal communication’

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Deep Web

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Visible web

Invisible WebDeep Web

Publications available through Internet Search engines

Publications available Through Reference databases

Taken from:Literaturrecherche im Biologiestudium

Technische Universtität Darmstadt

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Is this article scientific reliable ?

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How to evaluate found information

What ideas, techniques and quotes can you use from the article? Is it clear who the author is and what do you know about his reputation? Can the article make a direct and meaningful contribution to your paper? How important is the article in its field? Is the article up to date, still relevant in the field? Adds the article something new to your paper? Are the references in the article good used and is it presented logically? Is the article based on facts, logical reasoning, speculation or opinion? Are the conclusions in accordance with the facts and arguments? Is the article biased or balanced? bron: Author's experience, Dawson (2000)

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Books, Journals & Databases

Uba.uva.nl Catalogue for books E-journals ILL Databases

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Forensic science Andrew R.W. Jackson and Julie M. Jackson.

ForensicNetBase

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Thousands of electronic journals

The UvA provides access to the main FS journals If not digital available than in print or by ILL

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Hundreds of (reference) Databases

www.uva.nl

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Krantenbank / Newspapers

LexisNexis National / international Multi language All main newspapers

Search for: “Lucy de B”

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Wide scope of main (reference) databases

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Web of Science

Online web-based reference and citation databases

Web of Science & Google Scholar

Scientific articles Multidisciplinary Web based Known item & subject search Related articles Citations Export References UvA-linker

Web of Science Google Scholar

Far back in time content known JCR Humanities Search options Sorting and processing

number of items Multi country and language Many document types available for free

+

Web of Science Google Scholar

limited coverage paid access

Search funct. limited Sort limited Non scientific sources labor-intensive contents unclear Ranking unclear

-

Known item search:auteur

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objective color classification xtc tablets

3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine

objective color classification xtc tablets

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Subject search in Web of Science: objective color classification xtc tablets

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INSPEC thesaurus

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Refworks and Scientific misconduct

Make life easier: use reference software Different forms of scientific misconduct What is plagiarism ? Plagiarism game, win the chocolate bar!

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Save your data in the cloud

URL: http://www.refworks.com/refworks Online reference manager Registration:

Within UvA domain: automatic recognition

Outside ip-range: Groep Code Import references Cite while you write Create bibliography Export references (i.e. BibTex)

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Different forms of scientific misconduct

Fabrication Falsification Plagiarism Self-plagiarism Violation of ethical standards Ghostwriting

There are three basic forms of plagiarism: 1 Quoting(Quoting someone else word for word but not crediting them as the source.)

2 Paraphrasing(if you do not quote the person verbatim but instead just change a few words and do not give credit, you have committed plagiarism. )

3 stealing ideas(Using the ideas of another without acknowledging their source)

Source: http://www.usm.maine.edu/~kuzma/Ideologies/Plagerism.html

Letterdieverij

From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Plagiarism_vs_Copyright_Infringement.png

A Forensic Science student uses in his thesis a section in which he changes all sentences a little, without sources. Is this allowed?

A student uses in his essay a paragraph from Google which says just what he was trying to say. He provides no references and submits it as his own work. Is this allowed?

A student tries to include as many scholarly books and journals as he can find. He puts them in quotation marks but forgot where they came from. He decides not to include a reference list. Allowed?

A PhD student copies from a conference poster a method to calculate the statistics of his experiments. In his thesis he describes the method completely in his own words without acknowledging the source, because the method has not been published yet. Allowed?

Is it allowed to republish the work of Jan Slauerhoff without permission? (Slauerhoff is a Dutch poet and novelist and lived from 1898 - 1936)

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A student uses a picture from a site of a large crime laboratory for here report on fingerprinting, with acknowledgment of sources, but without permission. Is this allowed?

A student uses for his third year bachelor thesis 5 lines of text from a book, literally, with acknowledgment of sources and without permission. Is this allowed?

A group of students works on a very difficult programming assignment. They agree on an algorithm to accomplish the programming task, and each submits this algorithm as his/her own work. Is this allowed?

A first-year student finds essay-writing difficult and has developed a style in which she quotes from a text (using proper referencing) and then rewrites the quotation in her own words in the next paragraph as a kind of summary. Is this allowed?

A student turns in an old report from a friend (with his permission) under her own name, without mentioning the source. Is this allowed?

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Literature Search Strategy

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The literature review process

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Source: Saunders, et al. (2009)

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Understand the question

Organise your thoughts

Identify perspective

Identify suitable databases

Search

Refine & review your Search

Limit and combine keywords

Access full text

Keep records

Produce bibliography

Write up findings

Present findings

Source: Literature search tipsUniversity of Central Lancashire

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Organise your thoughts

Identify keywords and search terms from your essay question or assignment topic. Use books or articles and other reference sources in the subject area to refine and increase your keywords. Identify key areas or phrases.

Mindmap Facet table

Example Question - How may complementary therapies be used to combat pain?

Source: Literature search tipsUniversity of Central Lancashire

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Mind Map

Source: Literature search tipsUniversity of Central Lancashire

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Facet table

Source: Literature search tipsUniversity of Central Lancashire

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Best Practice

Record for each article a few words about: Problem hypothesis Theory and assumptions research methods Collection of data, tools / procedures Interpretation of the data Conclusions / suggestions for further research

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Thank You

Kasper Abcouwerk.m.abcouwer@uva.nl