Transcript
Class 10EWRT 2
AGENDAEssay #1: Due Friday before noon.
Send it by email to palmorekim@fhda.edu by the due date. Make sure it is in MLA format and saved as a Microsoft Word Document.
Teams
Discussion: Lao-Tzu "Thoughts from the Tao-te Ching” (19-31). BioRhetorical Strategies Questions for Critical Reading
Introduce Essay #2: GOVERNMENT
Suggestions for Writing: Group discussion
Vocabulary
Teams: If you are not sitting with your new team, please move. If you are not on a new team, please stand.
1. You must change at least half of your team after each essay.
2. You may never have a new team composed of more than 50% of any prior team.
3. Please join a table; remember, no more than four people per team.
The second essay consists of three class discussions: Lao-Tzu; Machiavelli, and the application of the two philosophers’ ideas to A Game of Thrones.
Lao-Tzu"Thoughts from the Tao-te Ching”
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Who was Lao-Tzu?
Three Lao Tzus?
The first Lao Tzu was a man named Li Erh or Li Tan, who came from the village of Ch'üjen in the southern Chinese state of Ch'u. Li Erh served as historian in charge of the official records in the Chinese imperial capital of Loyang. He was a peer of the famous Chinese philosopher Confucius (551–479 B.C.E. ), and he is reported to have given an interview to Confucius when he came to Loyang seeking information on the Chou ritual.
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According to a third account, the original Lao Tzu lived 129 years after the death of Confucius. This man went by the name of Tan, the historian of Chou.
Another man identified as the founder of Taoism was Lao Lai Tzu, who also came from Ch'u. He is said to be a person of the same age as Confucius and is credited with a fifteen-chapter book explaining the teachings of the Taoist school. Nothing more is known about the second Lao Tzu
Actually, it is impossible to prove the historical accuracy of any of these accounts. Lao Tzu is not really a person's name and is only a complimentary name meaning "old man." It was common in this period to refer to respected philosophers and teachers with words meaning "old" or "mature." It is possible that a man who assumed the pseudonym Lao Tzu was a historical person, but the term Lao Tzu also was used as a substitute title to the supreme Taoist classic, Tao te ching (Classic of the Way and the Power).
What are the rhetorical strategies of Lao-Tzu?
Format: resembles poetry, which suggests that the reader must read metaphorically as well as literally.
Aphorism (A compressed statement weighty with meaning).
Paradox (a self-contradictory statement): forces the reader to consider several sides of an issue. The resulting confusion yields a wider range of possibilities than would arise from a self-evident statement. (It encourages critical analysis).
Look for examples of these rhetorical strategies as you read
Meet with your teams for 5-7 minutes to discuss “Questions for Critical Reading” before we answer them together.
1. To what extent does Lao-tzu concern himself with individual happiness?
2. How would you describe Lao-tzu’s attitude toward the people?
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The QHQWhat do
you think?My QHQ
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Q: What does Lao-Tzu imply in verse 3 when he states that “The Master leads by emptying people’s mind and filling their cores”?
Q: Why does Lao say “Practice not-doing, and everything will fall into place” ?
Q: If everybody did nothing, how does the society develop at all?
Q: What does Lao-tzu mean when he uses the word ‘world’ in Verse 29?
Q: What does Lao Tzu mean when he says a master resides at the center of the circle at verse 29?
Q: What did Lao-tzu mean when he writes: When there’s no desire, all things are at peace?”
Q: What does it mean to “center” oneself?
Q: What does Lao-tzu mean when he says “All streams flow to the sea because it is lower than they are”?
Q: Why don’t our world leaders accept the Tao ways?
Q. In verse 80 is Lao-tzu trying to say traveling is not good?
Q: Does Lao-tzu oppose innovation?
QHQ:, Lau-Tzu suggests that leaving people alone is the answer. Are Lau-Tzu’s thoughts specifically? reflecting advice upon himself rather than a whole nation?
Essay 2Due Next Friday at noon.
Essay #2: GOVERNMENT
Essay #2 will be in response to either the excerpt from Lao-Tzu, Machiavelli, or both.
Choose your topic from "Suggestions for Writing" on pages 32-33, prompts 1-6, or on pages 50-51 prompts 1-5.
It should be a least two pages long but not longer than three pages (excluding a works cited page).
It should be formatted MLA style.
It is due next Friday before noon.
Essay #2
Suggestions for WritingPages 32-33
• Meet in your teams to discuss prompt questions 1-6.
• If we don’t finish this in class, please do so on your own at home.
VocabularyExam 4: Class 12
Vocabulary
Ad hominem: "against the man"; attacking the arguer rather than the argument or issue.
Appeal to tradition: a proposal that something should continue because it has traditionally existed or been done that way.
Argument: a process of reasoning and advancing proof about issues on which conflicting views may be held; also, a statement or statements providing support for a claim.
Authority: a respectable, reliable source of evidence.
Begging the question: the arguer proves his conclusion while assuming it to already be true. The premise for his argument is based on the truth of his conclusion. In other words, the argument assumes to be true what it is supposed to be proving.
Claim: the conclusion of an argument; what the arguer is trying to prove.
Credibility: the audience's belief in the arguer's trustworthiness
Deduction: reasoning by which we establish that a conclusion must be true because the statements on which it is based are true
Ethos: the qualities of character, intelligence, and goodwill in an argument that contribute to an audience's acceptance of the claim.
Euphemism: a pleasant or flattering expression used in place of one that is less agreeable but possibly more accurate.
Evidence: facts or opinions that support an issue or claim; may consist of statistics, reports of personal experience, or views of experts.
Fallacy: an error of reasoning based on faulty use of evidence or incorrect inference.
False analogy: assuming without sufficient proof that if objects or processes are similar in some ways, then they are similar in other ways as well;
Homework
Read A World of Ideas: Government: Machiavelli "The Qualities of the Prince” pages 35-50
Post #19 Questions (TBD based on teams) for Critical Reading : (page 50)
Post #20 QHQ Machiavelli
Study Vocabulary (Test class 12)
Consider Essay #2: Which of the prompts about Lao-Tzu would you choose?
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