Evolution Vocab Practice Quiz

Evolution Vocab Practice Quiz

1. Analogous Structure

A. Similar function, but different structureB. Similar structure, but different functionC. Structures that are not relatedD. All of the above

1. Analogous Structure

A. Similar function, but different structure

i.e. function of wings: used to fly

2. Homologous Structure

A. Similar function, but different structureB. Similar structure, but different function C. Structures that are not relatedD. All of the above

2. Homologous Structure

B. Similar structure, but different function

i.e. Arms: Humans, whales, cat, bat, bird, alligators

3. Vestigial Structure

a. Structures in ancient organismsb. sturctures that serve a purpose in moden organismsc. structures that no longer serves a purpose d. All of the above

3. Vestigial Structure

c. structures that no longer serves a purpose

i.e. Human tail bones, appendex

4. Artificial Selection

A. Breeding organisms with specific traitsB. Breeding organisms ar randomC. Survival of the fittestD. None of the above

4. Artificial Selection

A. Breeding organisms with specific traits

i.e. race horses (Specifically bred to be fast)

5. Camoflage

A. Adaptation that allows organisms to be easily seenB. Helps organisms find foodC. Allows organisms to reproduce betterD. Adaptation that allows organisms to blend into their environment

5. Camoflage

D. Adaptation that allows organisms to blend into their environment

6. Mimicry

A. Adaptation that enables one species to resemble anotherB. Allows organisms to camoflageC. Prevents organisms from reproducingD. The art of miming.

6. Mimicry

A. Adaptation that enables one specis to resemble another

7. Natural Selection

A. Organisms that are the strongest surviveB. Changes in a population that occurs when organisms with favorable characteristics survive and pass on their genesC. Survival of the FittestD. Both B and C

7. Natural Selection

B. Changes in a population that occurs when organisms with favorable characteristics survive and pass on their genesC. Survival of the FittestD. Both B and C

8. Adaptive Radiation

A. Species evolve into different species based on habitatsB. Species become more commonC. inability of organisms to adaptD. Radioactive organisms that adapt to the environement

8. Adaptive Radiation

A. Species evolve into different species based on habitat

i.e. Darwin’s Finches- Species evolved with different beak sizes on each island.

9. Convergent Evolution

A. Evolution in which a group from a population becomes a new speciesB. describes a process that creates a variety of species to fit different habitats.C. Occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits due to living in a similar environmentD. All of the above

9. Convergent Evolution

C. Occurs when unrelated species evolve similar adaptations due to living in a similar environment

i.e. Bats, birds, butterflies all share a similar adaptations that allow them to fly.

10.Divergent Evolution

A. Evolution in which a group from a population becomes a new speciesB. describes a process that creates a variety of species to fit different habitats.C. Occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits due to living in a similar environmentD. All of the above

10.Divergent Evolution

A. Evolution in which a group from a population becomes a new species

* A group “diverges” from the norm to become new species

i.e.: humans- Modern Humans evolved into our own species when we diverged from neanderthals.

11. Directional Selection

a. Favors average individuals in a populationb. Favors one extreme of trait in a populationC. Favors both extremes of a trait in a populationD. None of the above

11. Directional Selection

b. Favors one extreme of trait in a population

12. Disruptive Selection

a. Favors average individuals in a populationb. Favors one extreme of trait in a populationC. Favors both extremes of a trait in a populationD. None of the above

12. Disruptive Selection (aka diversifying selection)

C. Favors both extremes of a trait in a population

13. Stabilizing Selection

a. Favors average individuals in a populationb. Favors one extreme of trait in a populationc. Favors both extremes of a trait in a populationd. None of the above

13. Stabilizing Selection

a. Favors average individuals in a population

14. Gene Pool

a. Random assortment of allelesb. Alleles of individualsc. all alleles of a populationd. a place where genes can relax and get a tan

14. Gene Pool

c. all alleles of a population

15. Allelic Frequency

a. Radio wave frequency of allelesb. percentage of a certain allele in a populationc. the change in alleles over timed. alien frequency used for communication

15. Allelic Frequency

b. percentage of a certain allele in a population

Hint- Frequency: how often something occurs. - So basically allelic frequency helps determine how often an allele occurs in a population

16. Genetic Drift

a. What happens if you let alleles into a race carb. known as genetic equilibriumc. total amount of alleles in a populationD. change of allelic frequencies due to chance events

16. Genetic Drift

D. change of allelic frequencies due to chance events

Hint- Genetic Drift disrupts genetic equilibrium

17. Genetic Equilibrium

A. Frequency of alleles remains the sameB. Frequency of alleles rapidly changesC. Frequency of alleles due to chance eventsD. None of the above

17. Genetic Equilibrium

A. Frequency of alleles remains the same

Hint- Equilibrium- balanced, does not change- Therefore genetic equilibrium is where the allele frequencies are balanced and do not change over time

18. Gradualism

A. Idea that species evolve really fastB. Idea that species evolve quickly with long periods of genetic equilibrium in betweenC. idea that species evolve slowly through gradual change of adaptationsD. theory used by high school students when homework is assigned.

18. Gradualism

C. idea that species evolve through gradual change of adaptations

Hint- Gradual: means slowly i.e. I pour the water gradually into the cup.

Gradualism- species evolve slowly

(Although I think answer D works as well!)

19. Punctuated Equilibrium

A. Idea that species evolve really fastB. Idea that species evolve quickly with long periods of genetic equilibrium in betweenC. idea that species evolve slowly through gradual change of adaptationsD. theory used by high school students when homework is assigned.

19. Punctuated Equilibrium

B. Idea that species evolve quickly with long periods of genetic equilibrium in between

Analogy- Imagine that genetic equilibrium is a balloon, just minding its own business, nothing changing. And then all of a sudden you puncture it with a needle, suddenly everything changes.

20. Polyploid

A. Any species with multiple sets of chromosomesB. Any species with a normal set of chromosomesC. Species with heterozygous allelesD. I have no idea

20. Polyploid

A. Any species with multiple sets of chromosomes

- resulting from errors in mitosis and meisis

21. Reproductive Isolation

A. Interbreeding populationsB. interbreeding populations that no longer produce offspring due to differences in their geneticsC. interbreeding populations that no longer produce offspring due to an environmental barrierD. None of the above

21. Reproductive Isolation

B. interbreeding populations that no longer produce offspring due to differences in their genetics

i.e. horse and mules

22. Speciation

A. Process in which alleles are separatedB. time it takes for species to evolveC. the formation of new species from an original populationD. I have no clue

22. Speciation

C. the formation of new species from an original population

23. Geographic Isolation

A. Interbreeding populationsB. interbreeding populations that no longer produce offspring due to differences in their geneticsC. interbreeding populations that no longer produce offspring due to an environmental barrierD. None of the above

23. Geographic Isolation

C. interbreeding populations that no longer produce offspring due to an environmental barrier

i.e. Rivers, mountains, islands can physically separate species that causes them to evolve differently.