Euratom monitoring and Article 35 verifications
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Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Euratom monitoring and Article 35 verifications
Vesa Tanner
European CommissionDG Energy
Radiation Protection Unit
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
DG Energy (ENER) Directorates
A. General PolicyB. Security of supply, Energy markets and NetworksC. New and renewable sources of energy, Energy efficiency
and InnovationD. Nuclear energyE. Nuclear safeguards
As of 14 April 2010
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Directorate D (Nuclear Energy)
D.1: EURATOM co-ordination, international relations D.2: Nuclear Energy, waste management D.3: Nuclear accountancy D.4: Radiation protection
Sector D.4.001: „Implementation of EURATOM Articles 35 and 36 “ (includes Article 35 verifications)
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Legal background (1)
Art. 35 Euratom Treaty: “Each Member State shall establish the facilities necessary to
carry out continuous monitoring of the level of radioactivity in the air, water and soil and to ensure compliance with the basic standards.”
“The Commission shall have the right of access to such facilities; it may verify their operation and efficiency.”
DG ENER – Radiation Protection unit has the responsibility of undertaking these verifications.
Historically, the intensity of the verification activity has been a matter of Commission current policy.
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Commission Communication* and Bilateral Protocols deal with the practical arrangements of verification visits:ApplicabilityScopeGuiding PrinciplesPlanning of VisitsRealisation of VisitsProcedure of Reporting
* ES: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2006:155:0002:0005:ES:PDF
Legal background (2)
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
General scope and purpose (1)
Verification visits can cover:
(1) environmental radiation monitoring of Air Dose and dose rate Water (drinking, ground, marine, inland, precipitation, …) Soil Fallout Biological samples (marine/terrestrial) Foodstuffs (individual samples, mixed diet, milk, wild food
products) Feed
(2) monitoring of radioactive discharges to the environment (liquid, gaseous)
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
General scope and purpose (2)
Verification visits can cover: National monitoring systems (on-line and off-line) Nuclear power plants Nuclear fuel cycle installations Radioactive isotope production plants Hospitals using radioactive isotopes Current and past mining activities NORM activities Research facilities Decommissioning projects
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
General scope and purpose (3)
The main purpose is to provide an independent assessment on the adequacy of the monitoring facilities
Verification visits should allow a correct evaluation and a judgement of the:
Operation of monitoring facilities (their set-up and use)Suitability of sampling and sample preparation methodsSuitability of analytical methods, effectiveness of equipmentManagement of records, results, archivesData handling and reporting proceduresQuality control measures
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Targets
Verification visits of installations are split into: discharge monitoring with regard to aerial and liquid
effluents, and site-specific environmental monitoring, as performed by the
operator and by or on behalf of the regulator
Verification visits of national monitoring systems give an overview of
country-wide automatic and laboratory based networks emergency monitoring arrangements
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Reporting by the Commission
1. Draft technical report (in one of the working languages of the European Commission)
2. Checking of factual accuracy by the Member State (groups involved in verification)
3. Finalisation of technical report by the Commission, sent to MS via Permanent Representation
4. Main findings report by the Commission, sent to MS5. Translation into the MS language if needed, sent to MS for
checking language6. Publication of main findings, technical report and any MS
comments on the Europa web site
A general report on the whole programme is prepared for the European Parliament on a regular basis.
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Planning of visits – Considerations
Visit ‘new’ EU Member States in a timely manner Provide follow-up to past visits; in particular if actions were
recommended Continue to cover major nuclear activities in all Member
States Act in case of (public) concerns Seek a balance between large nuclear facilities and
national networks
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Usual feedback items (1)
Frequency of foodstuffs sampling Density of automatic monitoring networks Rain and grass sampling Laboratory hardware and software Laboratory accreditations and quality systems Availability of expertise for online monitoring and database
management Long term continuity of the monitoring programmes of past
activities
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Usual feedback items (2) Lack of discharge monitoring in medical facilities Public availability of results Sample and results archiving Sample management in laboratories Inadequate number of personnel (especially for
emergency situations) Lack of in-house expertise in radiation measurements
(measurements outsourced to another country)
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Recent verification visits (1)
Reports of the recent verification visits can be downloaded from the Radiation Protection web site on the EUROPA server:
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/nuclear/radiation_protection/article_35_en.htm
This includes the Technical Report, the Main Findings and any Comments by the Member State in which the verification visit took place. Generally these reports are in the language of the Member State as well as in English.
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Denmark 2008
Recent verification visits (2)
Tricastin site (FR) 2008
Romania Uraniumproduction 2008
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Recent verification visits (3)
Forsmark (Sweden) 2009
IRE-Fleurus (Belgium) 2009
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Isar-2 (Germany) 2009
Jaslovske Bohunice (Slovakia) 2009
Recent verification visits (4)
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Świerk (Poland) 2009
Bulgaria (former uranium mining issues)
2009
Recent verification visits (5)
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
Huelva (Spain) 2009
Recent verification visits (6)
Topical Day on monitoring of radioactivity in the environment
Oslo 12-13 April 2011
The Article 35 Team
Eberhardt Henrich
Remigiusz Baranczyk Vesa Tanner
Alan RyanConstant Gitzinger
Cecile HanotStefan Mundigl
•Three full-time EC officials
•Four part-time EC officials
•Detached national experts needed, hard to find
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