Transcript
Eskom's renewable strategy,Eskom's renewable strategy, innovation and green energyinnovation and green energy
Presented by:
Dave Lucas
Corporate Specialist (Environmental Management)
Climate Change and Sustainability Department
US MEDIA TOUR OF SOUTH AFRICAUS MEDIA TOUR OF SOUTH AFRICA
World electricity picture
Eskom’s Climate Change Strategy
History of renewable energy in Eskom
Options to meet the future
Demand side management
Energy opportunities and constraints
Eskom’s renewable projects
Agenda
Heading The world picture
Africa Challenge: Access to Affordable Energy Services
12% of the global population
but consumes only 3% of all electricity produced
Electricity generation - World (Source: International Energy Agency – Key World Energy Statistics 2008)
Electricity generation per region (Source: International Energy Agency – Key World Energy Statistics 2008)
3.1%
Coal OCGT Nuclear Renewable Energy Imports Pumped Storage
Eskom (Source: Eskom 2008 Annual Report)
HeadingEskom’s climate change strategy
Eskom’s climate change strategy
Eskom’s climate change strategy:
commitment to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions
outlines our view on the impacts of climate change on our business and people and therefore what strategies we require to pro-actively manage these impacts
Although the amount of CO2 that we emit will increase in the short- to medium-term, we are committed to assessing options to retard that rate of increase
Our intent is to decrease our relative CO2 (Mt CO2/MWh) footprint - until 2025
Beyond 2025, we will continually reduce absolute emissions in support of national and global targets
This will be done by investing in aggressive energy efficiency programmes and lower carbon-emitting technologies, as these technologies become available and meet the feasibility requirements
Eskom’s six point plan on climate change
Diversification of the generation-mix to lower carbon emitting technologies
Energy efficiency measures to reduce demand, greenhouse gas and other emissions
Innovation through research, demonstration and development
Investment through carbon market mechanisms
Adaptation to the negative impacts of climate change
Progress through advocacy, partnerships and collaboration
GeneratorTurbine
Gea
rbox
Compressor
Intercooler
CBCS
CCS
Recuperator
Rea
ctor
HeadingHistory of renewable energy in Eskom
History of Eskom – renewable energy (1)
The Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, records that "an electric device" was used in South Africa in about 1809
Gold was found in 1873 at Pilgrim's Rest - two small [6 kW] hydroelectric generators were in use at the Pilgrim's Rest gold mines in 1892 and another one [45 kW] in 1894 - used to power the first electric railway
Street Light
Vereeniging power station
Vereeniging power station
Vereeniging power station
Table Bay Harbour illuminated from April 1882.(Photo: State Archives Ref E 8661)
The first electrified railway in South Africa at Pilgrim's Rest. (Photo: D Vermeulen, In "An Electric Railway at Pilgrim's Rest in 1897", Elektron, Aug 2000:9)
History of Eskom – renewable energy (2)
Kimberley switched on electric street lights in 1882 making it the first city in Africa to be illuminated in this manner - London still relied on gas lamps for street lighting
The notion of a central electricity undertaking gained the support - establishment of the Victoria Falls Power Company Limited (VFP) on 17 October 1906 - intended harnessing the power of the Victoria Falls to generate the electricity (but was coal-based)
History of Eskom – renewable energy (3) The Government Gazette of 6 March 1923 announced
the establishment of The Electricity Supply Commission (Escom), effective from 1 March 1923
The hydro station in the Sabie River came into commercial operation in mid-1927. The Sabie River Gorge hydro station was the first station designed by Escom engineers
1965-1967: Cahora Bassa hydro-electric power station on the Zambezi River, in Mozambique (between South African and Portuguese governments) It was intended to supply electrical power along a 1 400 km route to South Africa - first power transmitted from Cahora Bassa in May 1975
History of Eskom – renewable energy (4)
Hendrik Verwoerd (re-named Gariep) hydro power station started feeding into Escom’s transmission system in 1971
Vanderkloof, a similar hydro power station, was commissioned in 1977 as another feature of the Orange River Project
In 1987 - Escom was renamed Eskom
The Eskom Conversion Act was signed into law in 2002 - public enterprise into a public company
History of Eskom – renewable energy (5)
Research and demonstration wind energy facility at Klipheuwel in the Western Cape from 2002 (3MW)
2007 – completed an environmental impact assessment and received environmental authorisation for a 100MW concentrating solar power plant
2007 - completed an environmental impact assessment and received environmental authorisation for a 100MW wind facility along the west coast
Heading Options to meet the future
Long term forecasts - national + foreign
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
MW
PositionModerate 77960 MW
56710 MW
Additional 40 000MW added to current capacity
Driven by long term demand forecast
Eskom position based on 4% growth electricity growth supporting 6% GDP growth
Eskom moderate position 2.3% electricity growth based GDP growth of 4%
56 710MW
77 960MW
Understand where the need for electricity is coming from
Increase in Loadfrom 2009 - 2018
East LondonEast London
Port ElizabethPort Elizabeth
DurbanDurban
BloemfonteinBloemfonteinUpingtonUpington
JohannesburgJohannesburg
PretoriaPretoria
PolokwanePolokwane
Cape TownCape Town
Match demand against supply
Heading Demand side management
South Africa energy efficiency strategy
A final energy demand reduction of 12% by 2015Power Generation - An interim target of 15% reduction in parasitic electrical usage is required by 2015Industry and Mining Sector – 15% by 2015Commercial and Public Building Sector - 15% by 2015Residential Sector – 10% by 2015Transport Sector – 9% by 2015
Eskom signed the National Business Initiative (NBI) Energy Efficiency Accord
Energy efficiency
Internal energy efficiency programme at Eskom operations
working together with our consumers to reduce their demand and thus reduce all emissions, including carbon emissions
Target over next six years –
3 000MW; and
Long-term (2026) - 8 000 MW
Demand side management targets
3 000MW by 2011
Additional 5 000MW by 2026
8 000MW in total by 2026
…basically a saving of over two of these…
HeadingEnergy opportunities and constraints
Wind - opportunities
Solar- opportunities
Areas of importance for biodiversity protection
So, with these available resources …Imported hydro Imported
hydroCoal
Solar
Wind
Wave & Current
Biomass
Uranium
Imported Gas
How choices are made regarding alternatives
BuildProvenconcepts
Research process (RD&D)
Portfolio strategy
Opportunity identification and screening
Pre-feasibility Feasibility and business case
Eskom’s decision-making criteria:
Technical (including lead time)Safety & healthEnvironmental (greenhouse gases, particulates, SOx, NOx, water, land)Economic (gross domestic product, fiscus)Other risks (delay, cost overruns, underperformance, liabilities)Cost and financial riskStrategic fit (market, partners, skills)Social (employment, households)Transmission impacts
South African Policy, Plans and Legislation
Environmental Screening
Environmental Impact
Assessment
Environmental Management
SystemStrategic Environmental
Assessment
… Eskom is looking at these projects
Projects: Renewables (1)
100 MW wind facility
Projects: Renewables (2)
100 MW concentrating solar
Projects: Research and demonstration Concentrating solar thermal,
100MW, Upington
Underground coal gasification - CCGT, Volksrust (Majuba Power Station) – first for Africa
PBMR, 165MW, Cape Town (Koeberg Power Station)
Sea current and wave
GeneratorTurbine
Gea
rbox
Compressor
Intercooler
CBCS
CCS
Recuperator
Rea
ctor
Heading The future
Currently activities to further accelerate renewable energy
South African target = 10 000GWh cumulative energy delivered by 2013 (60% electricity)
Department of Minerals and Energy indicate that producers could generate more than 5 000 MW from renewable energy sources in South Africa
Department of Minerals and Energy had received more than 100 applications (based on call for an expression of interest) to supply renewable energy in South Africa
45% wind energy
34% biomass
8% small-scale hydro energy
Eskom’s would undertake the procurement process
Thank youDave LucasCorporate Specialist (Environmental Management)Eskom Holdings LimitedTel +27-11-800-4514Fax +27- 11-507-6398Cell +27-82-940-4517Email dave.lucas@eskom.co.za
Megawatt Park, Maxwell Drive, Sunninghill, SandtonP .O. Box 1091, Johannesburg, 2000 South Africa
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