Ergogenic aids
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Ergogenic aidsErgogenic aids
IntroductionIntroduction Performance enhancement aids, commonly Performance enhancement aids, commonly
referred to as ergogenic aids, this is a referred to as ergogenic aids, this is a generic term to describe anything that generic term to describe anything that enhances performance.enhances performance.
Ergogenic aidsErgogenic aids If a performer wears specific footwear for If a performer wears specific footwear for
your activity to improve your grip or wear a your activity to improve your grip or wear a Speedo LZR swimsuit you are making use Speedo LZR swimsuit you are making use of performance enhancement aids/ of performance enhancement aids/ ergogenic aids. ergogenic aids.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvMdqvOhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvMdqvO3R9g&feature=related3R9g&feature=related
Remember thatRemember that The VAST Majority of ergogenic aids are in The VAST Majority of ergogenic aids are in
fact legal. Not all are negative or ;drug fact legal. Not all are negative or ;drug cheats’ when hearing the term. cheats’ when hearing the term.
Ergogenic aids are not a new thing in the Ergogenic aids are not a new thing in the early years of the tour de france cyclists early years of the tour de france cyclists consumed a cocktail of substances, consumed a cocktail of substances, containing alcohol and speed containing alcohol and speed (amphetamine). (amphetamine).
Because of the increase in Because of the increase in technology, the practice of technology, the practice of
ergogenic aids has increasedergogenic aids has increased
So much so that the IOC (International, So much so that the IOC (International, Olympic Committee) and the WADA Olympic Committee) and the WADA (World anti doping agency) Has now (World anti doping agency) Has now produced a list of ergogenic aids that are produced a list of ergogenic aids that are banned and those that have restrictions. banned and those that have restrictions.
Despite banned lists, use of ergogenic Despite banned lists, use of ergogenic aids has not stopped and in many aids has not stopped and in many
cases cheats are creating ‘masking’ cases cheats are creating ‘masking’ drugs, which hide the use of the drugs, which hide the use of the
banned substances. banned substances.
Types of aids to performanceTypes of aids to performance
Dietary manipulation Dietary manipulation
CHO Carbohydrate loading p488 CHO Carbohydrate loading p488
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7RhE_Tuhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7RhE_TuPRoPRo
Fluid intakeFluid intake
P490P490 Water intake during prolonged exercise Water intake during prolonged exercise
reduces the risk of dehydration and reduces the risk of dehydration and optimises performance. optimises performance.
Copy Figure 19.3 p490Copy Figure 19.3 p490
Types of sports drinksTypes of sports drinksread page 490 for detailsread page 490 for details
Hypotonic drinks = 4% glucoseHypotonic drinks = 4% glucose
Isotonic drinks = 5-7 % = same amount of Isotonic drinks = 5-7 % = same amount of glucose as bloodglucose as blood
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1Yth0Tzhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1Yth0TzABMABM
Hypertonic drinks = 19% glucoseHypertonic drinks = 19% glucose
Creatine supplementsCreatine supplements
Creatine is made up of amino acids and in found Creatine is made up of amino acids and in found in some animal foods and naturally in the in some animal foods and naturally in the liver/kidneys. It is stored in small amounts in the liver/kidneys. It is stored in small amounts in the mucles known as PC and is used to resynthesise mucles known as PC and is used to resynthesise ATP. ATP.
Athletes take creatine to increase PC levels they Athletes take creatine to increase PC levels they therefore aid the ATP/PC system efficiency. therefore aid the ATP/PC system efficiency.
Legal or illegal????? Legal or illegal?????
Creatine supplementsCreatine supplements
Human Growth Hormone (HGH)Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xND8BDJe-g
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKeUDE-eYKc
HGHHGH Stimulating bone, Stimulating bone,
cartilage and muscle cartilage and muscle growthgrowth
Increase blood glucose Increase blood glucose levelslevels
Increases lipases for Increases lipases for breakdown of FFA’S Free breakdown of FFA’S Free fatty acidsfatty acids
Decreases overall body Decreases overall body fatfat
Simulation of protein Simulation of protein synthesis in skeletal synthesis in skeletal muscle to enhance muscle to enhance healing after injuries. healing after injuries.
Gene DopingGene Doping
http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qTJ_9l7h3bs v=qTJ_9l7h3bs
Hard to detectHard to detect Legal or illegal?????Legal or illegal?????
Blood Doping Blood Doping
Bllod doping key term definition: Bllod doping key term definition:
‘‘Any means by which a persons total volume Any means by which a persons total volume of red blood cells is increased’ of red blood cells is increased’
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8D-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8D-TNgNizUQ TNgNizUQ
Recombinant Erythropoietin Recombinant Erythropoietin (RH EP0)(RH EP0)
Key term definitionKey term definition
‘‘Erythropoietin (EPO)Erythropoietin (EPO) is naturally occuring is naturally occuring hormone which increses the bodys ability to hormone which increses the bodys ability to manufacture red bllod cells’manufacture red bllod cells’
‘‘Rh EPORh EPO An artificial synthetic copy of An artificial synthetic copy of erythropoietin’erythropoietin’
Rh EPORh EPO
By ingesting By ingesting Rh EPORh EPO you are producing the you are producing the same results as same results as blood dopingblood doping in that it in that it increasesincreases the production of the production of red blood red blood cells/haemoglobin levels.cells/haemoglobin levels.
Advantages disadvantagesAdvantages disadvantages??????
Legal or illegalLegal or illegal??????
Cooling aidsCooling aids
Used primarily prior to the activity to reduce Used primarily prior to the activity to reduce core body temperature in a bid to improve core body temperature in a bid to improve performance, or after the activity in a bid to performance, or after the activity in a bid to improve performance, or after the activity in improve performance, or after the activity in a bid to improve the recovery process. a bid to improve the recovery process.
Cooling aids usedCooling aids used
Cold air exposureCold air exposure Water immersion/ice bathsWater immersion/ice baths Fan cooling Fan cooling Cold water sprayingCold water spraying Body/head cooling jacket/vestBody/head cooling jacket/vest Cold therapy packs/ wraps/ ice packing in Cold therapy packs/ wraps/ ice packing in
damp towels. damp towels.
Pre coolingPre cooling
PrePre Usung ice jacket- aims to reduce skin temperature Usung ice jacket- aims to reduce skin temperature
and consequently core body temperature. Should and consequently core body temperature. Should last between 8-30 mins. last between 8-30 mins.
Resaerch indicates that cooling is advisable Resaerch indicates that cooling is advisable before prolonged exercise in hot temperatures, before prolonged exercise in hot temperatures, can help sustain intensity and speed– extend on can help sustain intensity and speed– extend on advantages p495advantages p495
Post CoolingPost Cooling
Used to treat injuries as part of recovery.Used to treat injuries as part of recovery.
RICE METHOD????RICE METHOD????
IceIce CompressionCompression ElevationElevation Rest Rest
All performance enhancementAll performance enhancement p487-497p487-497
Ice wraps/packetsIce wraps/packets
Ice Baths Ice Baths
Resistance aids Resistance aids Pulleys-- Pulleys-- Provide resistance trainingProvide resistance training Parachutes –Parachutes – The use of parachutesThe use of parachutes By sprinters can provide funBy sprinters can provide fun And variety from routine trainingAnd variety from routine training
Other performance enhancement Other performance enhancement aids to consider P497-498 make aids to consider P497-498 make
notesnotes
ALCOHOLALCOHOL CAFFEINECAFFEINE ANABOLIC STEROIDSANABOLIC STEROIDS ANALGESICS/ ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ANALGESICS/ ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
AGENTS – any medicine that relieves AGENTS – any medicine that relieves pain.pain.
MASKING AGENTSMASKING AGENTS
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