Energy Types

Quickwrite #2

• What is the definition of energy?

• What are at least three types of energy that are used all around you?

Energy Types

What is Energy? Energy makes matter change (solids, liquids, gases) or move. Energy moves cars along the road or boats over the water

Energy Types

Energy bakes a cake in the oven and keeps ice frozen in the freezer. It runs radios and I-Pods that play our favorite songs and lights our homes in the dark.

Energy Types

Energy makes our bodies grow and allows our minds to think.

Energy, What is it?

• Definition: Capacity of a system to do work.

• What does capacity mean?Amount of something contained• What is a system?A system consists of parts which worktogether.• What is work? Work is done when a force moves an

object (force x distance)

Energy Transformations

People have learned how to change energy from one form to another so that work can be made easier, and people can live more comfortably.

Energy Types

Forms of Energy:Energy is found in different forms such as light, heat, sound, chemical, electrical, and gravitational.

Quickwrite #2 (QW 2)

• Why does lightning make thunder?

thunder

Potential Energy

Potential energy is in storage just waiting to be used. Many things start out having potential energy, and then once they begin to move, the energy becomes kinetic.

Kinetic EnergyEnergy of motion

Kinetic energy is being used as an object is in motion. Air heated from lightning to 54,000 degrees has kinetic energy.Molecules of water moving in a wave have kinetic energy.

Chemical Energy• Chemical energy is that part of the

energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction.

• This is actually the most common kind of energy and people use it all the time, even if they don't realize it.

Chemical Energy

• Chemical energy is stored in the particles that make up food, fuel and other matter. The food you eat gives chemical energy which allows you to walk, run and move.

Electrical Energy

Electrical energy is the movement of charged particles, negative (-) and positive (+). It can come from batteries or power plants and it can also be found in nature. Power plants burn fuel to make electricity which is then sent to homes and businesses through wires.

Electrical Energy is delivered by tiny charged particles called electrons, typically moving through a wire. Lightning is an example of electrical energy in nature, so powerful that it is not confined to a wire.

How does lightning form?

How does lightning form?

Stepped leaders

Light EnergyElectromagnetic energy that travels in waves. Light energy includes visible light. Light from any source including the sun are examples of light energy. The sun is the largest source of light energy in our solar system.

what is light?

Electromagnetic spectrum

Electromagnetic SpectrumEmag spectrum

ROYGBIV

visibleultraviolet

visiblexrays

Heat (Thermal) EnergyThe internal energy in substances that comes from vibration and movement of particles. Temperature measures the kinetic energy of the particles of a substance.Heat is infrared radiation.

Heat• Heat(infrared energy) makes air rise

Solar Energy

Energy from the sun. This energy drives the climate and weather and supports virtually all life on Earth. Solar energy can be “stored” in solar panels.Solar power is used synonymously with solar energy or more specifically to refer to the conversion of sunlight into electricity.

Solar energy

Gravitational EnergyA form of potential energy of position or place. Examples: A rock on top of a hill.Hydropower, such as water in a reservoir behind a dam is also an example of gravitational potential energy.

QW # 3• What is special about today? Use the picture

as a hint.

Sound Energy The movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate. Energy is transferred through the substance in a wave. A person’s voice is an example of sound energy.

Can you see sound?

How sound waves travel

What makes thunder?

QW #5

• Use the following terms to describe what is needed to get a 747 jet off a runway.

• Lift, thrust, gravity, drag, and wing shape.

Transfer and TransformedTransfer: To move something to a different

place.

Energy is transferred from one form to another or to different places…

Law of Conservation of Energy: Energy is not created nor destroyed… it is simply transferred or transformed to a different type or place.

schlieren photography

Types of energy transfer

• Conduction: Energy is transferred by touching.

Radiation

• Energy is transferred by electromagnetic waves.

Energy is transformed from one form to another.

ConvectionConvection: energy is transferred by faster moving particles(hot) moving up andIs replaced by slower moving particles.

Quickwrite #6

• Explain using convection currents how air moves over the Earth.

transformation

• Transformed : changed or altered

Energy is transformed from one form to another.

For Example

• A bow in an arrow gains potential when you pull back on the string and deform the bow. When you release the arrow the potential converts to kinetic energy.

• When the arrow hits the target, the energy you used to pull the string drives the arrow into the target.

QW # 7• Describe the energy transformations to toast a

piece of bread.

MatterMatter is anything that has mass and takes up

space.

There are 4 types of matter: solid, liquid, gas and plasma.

Law of conservation of Matter: Matter is neither created nor destroyed… matter

simply changes it’s state (phase).

Striking a match

• Describe the energy transformations that occur when a match is struck.

System• A system is : anything that has inputs-

outputs- and/or transfers of matter, energy, or information.

A system consists of parts which work together.

If one part of the system is altered or missing, the system will not work as well or may not function at all.

Power plant energy transformation

Plasma Grapes

grape plasma