EMC JOUR 3000 Fall 2011 Lecture 3 Within the Shot

EMC / JOUR 3000 INTRO TO MOTION

PICTURES

Edward Bowen

Lecture Three – Inside the Shot

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Location - A real place chosen to shoot one or more

shots for a film. “Jaws” (1975)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cRpoMpUgC0

shots for a film. “Black Swan” (2010)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMOzjoC1n7Y

shots for a film. “Ana’s Playground” (2009)

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Set - A place built to specifications as an environment

for one of more shots in a film. “Phantom of the Opera” (2004)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAR54mNVh48

for one of more shots in a film. “Silent Hill” (2006)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzu1JR1-RFs

for one of more shots in a film. “Sweeney Todd” (2007)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzKu_mSVXlU

for one of more shots in a film. “The Garbage Pail Kids” (1987)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lXmuXVGidY

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Set Extension - Extending or replacing various

elements within through various special effects.• Foreground (hanging) miniatures. “Ben-Hur” (1925)

elements within through various special effects.• Mattes. “Ben-Hur” (1959)

elements within through various special effects.• Virtual extension.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=clnozSXyF4k

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Set - An environment created through digital

effects. “Tron: Legacy” (2010)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhyScbAZrFs

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors. “Sky Captain and the World of

Tomorrow” (2004)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AqGBt0124bY

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors. “Terminator Salvation” (2009)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7YYfgx_cHo

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors - The Uncanny Valley

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNdAIPoh8a4

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication

• Virtual Actors. “Sim0ne” (2002)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=salcZxwspxg

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Blocking - Placement of the actors and determination

of their movements within the location or set and shot, in relation to the camera.

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/11517/Citizen-Kane-Movie-Clip-The-Sacred-Cause.html

“Citizen Kane” (1941)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yuR_HjCLcw

“Citizen Kane” (1941)

http://www.facebook.com/video/video.php?v=10150301284860612

“The Sound of Music” Robert Wise (1965)

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - The perceived distance relationship of the

camera (viewer) to the subject

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up: A shot framed to emphasize the

human head or face, or something of the same approximate size of the human head. Abbreviated CU.

• Variations: Extreme Close-up, Shoulder shot.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up. “La Passion de Jeanne D’Arc”

(1928) Carl Theodor Dreyer

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nAqnUPqj3JY

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up. “A Place in the Sun” (1951)

George Stevens

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nAqnUPqj3JY

FramingClose-ups - Extreme Close-ups

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Extreme Close-up. “Citizen Kane” (1941)

Orson Welles

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jipboWI9uiE

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Extreme Close-up. “Blue Velvet” (1986)

David Lynch

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/index/?o_cid=mediaroomlink&cid=282728

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDEzzFtrCTs

FramingClose-ups - Shoulder Shot

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Close-up: A shot framed to emphasize the human

head or face, or something of the same approximate size of the human head. Abbreviated CU. Variations: Extreme Close-up, Shoulder shot.

• Medium Shot (MS): Shows a person’s face and a significant portion of the person’s body. Variations: Waist shot, cowboy, knee shot.

FramingMedium Shots - Waist Shots

FramingMedium Shots - Cowboys

• Medium Shot (MS): Shows a person’s face and a significant portion of the person’s body.m Variations: Waist shot, cowboy, knee shot.

• Full Shot (FS): Shows one or more full human forms from just below the feet to just above the head.

FramingFull Shots

“Top Hat (1935) ”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2poNEiVZNXQ

• Medium Shot (MS): Shows a person’s face and a significant portion of the person’s body.m Variations: Waist shot, cowboy, knee shot.

• Full Shot (FS): Shows one or more full human forms from just below the feet to just above the head.

• Long Shot (LS): Includes more of the environment, establishing more fully details of the surrounding mise en scene. Variations: Extreme long shot.

FramingLong Shots

FramingLong Shots - Extreme Long Shots

FramingLong Shots - Extreme Long Shots“Lawrence of Arabia” (1962) David Lean

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvBcl40QOhQ

FramingLong Shots - Extreme Long Shots

“Troy” (2004) Wolfgang Petersen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCg8Ku7C5eI

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Camera Angle - The position/perspective of the

camera (viewer) to the subject.

camera (viewer) to the subject.• Eye Level - Camera is placed face on to the subject

camera (viewer) to the subject.• Eye Level - Camera is placed face on to the subject• Low Angle - Camera is below the subject looking up

on it. Since this is the child perspective of an adult, the low angle is thought to strengthen the subject. Anyone above your view is a superior, threatening or dominant.

PerspectiveLow Angle

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Camera Angle - The position/perspective of the camera

(viewer) to the subject.• Eye Level - Camera is placed face on to the subject• Low Angle - Camera is below the subject looking up on

it. Since this is the child perspective of an adult, the low angle is thought to strengthen the subject. Anyone above your view is a superior, threatening or dominant.

• High Angle - Camera is above the subject looking down on it. Since this is the adult perspective of a child, the high angle is thought to weaken the subject. Anyone below your view is subordinate.

PerspectiveHigh Angle

“Golddiggers of 1935” (1935) Busby Berkeley

PerspectiveHigh Angle

“Psycho” (1960) Alfred Hitchcock

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--v0-I0waqs

PerspectiveCanted / Dutch / Oblique Angle

“The Third Man” (1949) Carol Reed

PerspectiveCanted / Dutch / Oblique Angle

“Batman” (1966) Leslie H. Martinson

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3016507337716192329#

PerspectivePoint of View (POV)

Kuleshov Experiment (1910s)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gLBXikghE0

“Rear Window” (1954) Alfred Hitchcock

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLL8HY8MSPs

“Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” (1932) Rouben Mamoulian

“The Lady in the Lake” (1946) Robert Montgomery

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpb13mDBP1I

“Doom” (2005) Andrzej Bartkowiak

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Normal lens – A lens that creates an image similar to

way we normally see the world.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Wide Angle Lenses – Provide a wider field of view,

deeper focus, and exaggerated depth.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Wide Angle Lenses – Provide a wider field of view,

deeper focus, and exaggerated depth.• Fish eye lens – Extreme wide angle.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Telephoto Lenses – Provide a narrower, magnified

field of view, shallow focus, and compressed depth.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Telephoto Lenses – Provide a narrower, magnified

field of view, shallow focus, and compressed depth.• “The Graduate” (1967) Mike Nichols

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9eIXN6Sp40

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Focus - An image that is sharp with details precisely

defined.

defined. • Deep Focus -When everything, or almost everything,

in a shot is clearly in focus, deep focus is achieved.

FocusDeep Focus

“Citizen Kane” (1941) Orson Welles

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UeqAXas-oA

defined. • Deep Focus -When everything, or almost everything, in

a shot is clearly in focus, deep focus is achieved.• Soft Focus - Certain creative situations call for images

that are not harsh and sharp but muted. Soft focus is usually achieved by placing something in front of the lens (gauze), something on the lens (Vaseline), or slightly defocusing the lens. Older actors used to insist on gauze shots in closeups in order to hide the signs of their age.

FocusSoft Focus

“Casablanca” (1942) Michael Curtiz

FocusSoft Focus

“Vampyr” (1931) Carl Theodor Dreyer

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Focus - An image that is sharp with details precisely defined. • Deep Focus -When everything, or almost everything, in a shot

is clearly in focus, deep focus is achieved.• Soft Focus - Certain creative situations call for images that

are not harsh and sharp but muted. Soft focus is usually achieved by placing something in front of the lens (gauze), something on the lens (Vaseline), or slightly defocusing the lens. Older actors used to insist on gauze shots in closeups in order to hide the signs of their age.

• Selective Focus - Deciding which elements in a shot will be in and out of focus.

• Rack Focus - Shifting focus during a shot.

FocusSelective Focus / Rack Focus

“Apricot” (2009) Ben Briand

FocusSelective Focus / Rack Focus

“The Young Victoria” (2010) Jean-Marc Vallee

EMC JOUR 3000 Fall 2011 Lecture 3 Within the Shot

various elements

various special effects

virtual extension

uncanny valley http

george stevens http

real place

carl theodor dreyer

digital effects

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