Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in ...Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG-JRC 415 JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings",
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EUR 23548 EN - 2009
Effective Policies for ImprovingEnergy Efficiency in Buildings
Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Proceedings of the JRC Workshop on Scientific TechnicalReference System on Renewable Energy & Use Efficiency
Editors: Paolo Bertoldi and Bogdan Atanasiu
The mission of the JRC-IES is to provide scientific-technical support to the European Union’s policies for the protection and sustainable development of the European and global environment. Cover photo: Millennium Tower I. – Budapest, developed by TriGranit Development Corporation. By courtesy of TriGranit Corporation. European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Contact information Address: Via E. Fermi, 2749, I-21027 Ispra (VA), ITALY E-mail: paolo.bertoldi@ec.europa.eu Tel.: +39 (0)332 78 9299 Fax: +39 (0)332 78 9992 http://ies.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ Legal Notice Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication.
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A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server http://europa.eu/ JRC 41111 EUR 23548 EN ISBN 978-92-79-10329-2 ISSN 1018-5593 DOI 10.2788/1990 Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities © European Communities, 2009 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Italy
Contents:
Workshop summary 1
Session 1: Financing Energy Efficiency Projects 3
Welcome speech and Introduction. Latest developments of EU energy efficiency policies Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG-JRC
5
The EBRD financing mechanisms for energy efficiency projects in building sector Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
23
Truly European solutions in financing of energy efficiency projects – Unicredit Bulbank Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
37
Thermomodernisation Fund Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
49
Financial instruments to promote sustainable energy and energy efficiency in the new EU Member States Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
57
IFC CEEF Program – Commercializing energy efficiency finance for the building sector Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF Hungary
65
Financing Energy Efficiency Investments in Block House Apartment Buildings in Central and Eastern Europe Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
75
The UNECE EE 21 Project as opportunity for energy efficiency investments in buildings Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
83
Green Investment Scheme in Hungary Mónika RÁBAI - Ministry for Environment and Water, Hungary
95
Session 2: National Action Plans for Energy Efficiency 103
The Polish Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and financial instruments to promote efficiency building refurbishments Tadeusz SKOCZKOWSKI - The Polish Energy Conservation Agency (KAPE), Poland
105
The Czech Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and financial instruments to promote efficiency building refurbishments Michal BUBENIK - Czech Energy Agency, Czech Republic
123
The Latvian Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and financial instruments to promote efficiency building refurbishments Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
135
The Romanian Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and financial instruments to promote efficiency building refurbishments Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation (ARCE), Romania
145
The Hungarian Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and financial instruments to promote efficiency building refurbishments Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary
155
The Slovak Action Plan for Energy Efficiency, Promotion Programmes and Instruments Jan ROUSEK - Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, Slovak Republic
169
The Slovenian Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and financial instruments to promote efficiency building refurbishments Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
185
Implementation of EU Policies and Measures for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings Randall BOWIE - Rockwool International
195
Results of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive Implementation Silvia REZESSY - REEEP, Hungary
203
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Session 3: ESCOS projects 215
Latest Development of Energy Service Companies across Europe - A European ESCO Update – JRC Status Report Benigna BOZA-KISS - Central European University, Hungary
217
Responsibility and Risk in Performance Contracting Projects Merek TOBIACELLI - Siemens BT
225
ESCO projects and developments in Poland Janusz MAZUR - POE-'ESCO'-Krakow, POLAND
231
Premises of Energy Performance Contracting Development in Poland - Viewpoints Teresa ZATORSKA - Honeywell Building Solutions, Poland
241
From energy audit to real savings Aare VABAMÄGI - Regional Energy Centre, Estonia
253
An example of a Successful Project for Reducing Energy Consumption in Buildings Blaženka Pospiš PERPAR - EL-TEC Mulej, Slovenia
265
Financing and guaranteeing EE projects in buildings – Public, private sector and residential buildings Ivan GERGINOV - Bulgarian Energy Efficiency Fund, Bulgaria
279
Good practices in energy efficiency measures in buildings different types (multi-family, public, enterpreneurs) Andrzej RAJKIEWICZ - National Energy Conservation Agency (NAPE), Poland
291
Improving Energy Efficiency In Buildings: Evaluation of a Pilot Project in Residential Buildings applying PPU solutions” (paper not presented) Enrique Grosser Lagos - Hunesco, Hungary
315
Session 4: Policies and Programmes for Appliances, Equipments and Lighting in the Building Sector 329
Electricity Consumption and Efficiency Trends in the Enlarged European Union –JRC Status report 2006 Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
331
Overview of sales and trends for main appliances in year 2006 Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
353
U-values for better Energy Performance of Buildings Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
375
GreenLight projects in New Member States Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish Energy Conservation Agency (KAPE), Poland
395
Motor Challenge Program in New Member States Michal PYKA - FEWE, Katowice, Poland
407
GreenBuilding Program implementation in New Member States Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG-JRC
415
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Workshop summary After Ispra-2003, Brussels-2004, Tallin-2005, Budapest-2006, the fifth edition of the JRC Enlargement workshop on electricity end-use efficiency and energy services was organised in Krakow, Poland between 12 and 14 of September 2007. The overall aim of the workshop was to contribute through data gathering and expert discussions to the implementation of the new energy efficiency measures and policies in New Member States, Candidate and neighbouring countries in the building sector and to foster a real market for energy efficiency, with a particular focus on the implementation of EPBD and EE&ES Directives and the European Commission Action Plan for Energy Efficiency for achieving a 20% reduction in energy consumption by 2020. According with this aim, through the three days of the workshop the main topic of the presentations and discussing were: financing end-use efficiency, national energy efficiency Action Plans, energy services companies and developed projects, policies and programmes. The 32 presentations from the Agenda were structured in 4 sessions: 1. Financing Energy Efficiency Projects 2. National Action Plans for Energy Efficiency 3. ESCOS projects 4. Policies and Programmes for Appliances, Equipments and Lighting in the Building Sector Mr. Bertoldi from DG-JRC opened the workshop introducing the recent developments of EU energy efficiency policies related to buildings and highlighted the EU targets for 2020, presenting the Action Plan for energy efficiency, the labelling Directives, the Eco-design framework Directive, the Energy performance of buildings Directive, the Energy Services Directive, and subsequently financial aspects and instruments (white certificates). The first session of the workshop, focused on financing instruments and projects for energy efficiency, concentrated together the achievements of international financial institutions and local commercial banks, funds, ministries and investing consultants. Over the session were presented financial instruments, mechanisms and case studies of implemented projects for energy efficiency in buildings, both by International (EBRD, IFC-CEEF) and National (Unicredit, Bulgaria, Dexia, Slovak Republic, Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland) institutions and banks. Greenmax Capital Advisors (Consultancy Company) presented an innovative mechanism and shared the experience in financing energy efficiency in buildings from NMS and CC. An interesting presentation about the Green Investment Scheme in Hungary was done by the representative of Hungarian Ministry for Environment and Water and the UNECE speaker shown the potential for financing energy efficiency in buildings through the UNECE EE 21 Project The second session, comprising speeches held by representatives of National States Ministries or Energy Agencies, offered a panorama of the new National Action Plans for Energy Efficiency (EENAP) in several NMS (KAPE-Poland, CEA-Czech Republic, RTU-Latvia, ARCE-Romania, JSI-Slovenia, ECH-Hungary, SIEA-Slovak Republic), showing the status, the main priorities foreseen but also indicating the main barriers in future implementation. An evaluation of the Energy performance of Buildings Directive (EPB) implementation results in NMSs was done by the REEEP representative. The reports covers: the main findings on the impact of the 2004 Enlargement in the field of energy efficiency, the current energy efficiency policies and measures, the status of transposition of the EPBD in, challenges for the transposition and effective implementation of the EPBD and recommendations for the buildings sector. The Rockwool International speaker presented after a very comprehensive analysis of the EENAP but also the level of harmonisation and the status of implementation for the EPB Directive in European Union, summarising in this way the second session of the workshop. The third session of the workshop was focused on energy services companies and included presentations of the experience in five countries in developing projects on energy efficiency in buildings. After the first presentation of the Central European University representative who presented the major findings of the last ESCO market report prepared by DG_JRC, the representatives of Siemens BT-Poland, Honeywell-Poland, POE-'ESCO'-Krakow-POLAND, REC-Estonia, EL-TEC Mulej-Slovenia, Bulgarian Energy Efficiency Fund-Bulgaria and National Energy Conservation Agency-
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Poland showed the main results, the market barriers and the lessons learned concerning ESCOs activities in their own country. The fourth session of the workshop was devoted to policies and programmes for appliances, equipments and lighting in the building sector. Mr. Atanasiu of DG-JRC opened the session presented the last 2006 JRC report on Electricity Consumption and Efficiency Trends with particular attention to the NMSs, report who was also distributed through the participants during the three days of the event. GfK presentation highlight the last market trends for appliances sales on EU market in terms of energy efficiency, it is interesting to note that the appliance market in terms of energy performance is almost identical between EU-15 and EU-12 MS The EURIMA (European Insulation Manufacturers Association) presentation about ways to improve the energy performance of buildings ended the first part of the day offering, together with the previous presentations, a complete overview of the consumption status and the energy savings potential in European Union. The second part of this session was dedicated to the presentations of the three initiatives of European Commission, managed by DG-JRC and supported by IEE additional projects: GreenLight (presented by KAPE-Poland representative), MotorChallenge (presented by KAPE-Poland representative) and GreenBuilding (presented by Mr. Bertoldi, EC DG-JRC). A lot of fruitful and interesting debates started after each presentation and were continued during the general discussions organised after each session. All the presentations can be also found and downloaded on-line on the EC DG-JRC energy efficiency site at: http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/ To the success of the workshop contributed around 60 participants from 18 European Countries, representing national ministries and local administrations, energy agencies, universities, local energy companies, International and European financing groups, commercial companies and industry associations.
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Session 1: Financing Energy Efficiency Projects
Chair: Paolo BERTOLDI, European Commission DG JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 1
European Policies for End-use Efficiency
Paolo BertoldiEuropean Commission DG JRC
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EU Targets for Renewable Energy and Energy Savings
• Double the share of renewable energy in national gross energy consumption from 6% to 12% by 2010 and the new target adopted by the Heads of State in March 2007 of 20% by 2020
• Increase the share of green electricity in total electricity consumption from 14% to 22% by 2010 (the RES-E Directive). This target will be met!
• Raise the share of biofuels in the transport fuel market to 5,75% by 2010. The Commission therefore proposes reinforcing the legislative framework, with a 10% minimum for the market share of biofuels in 2020.
• Reduce energy consumption by 20% by 2020.
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 5
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Action Plan for Energy EfficiencyRealising the potential
October 2006
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Realising the over 20 % estimated savings potential
in EU annual primary energy consumption by 2020
Improving energy efficiency
Action Plan: the objective
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 6
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Action Plan: the Strategy
• to transform the internal energy market to provide EU citizens with the globally most energy-efficient infrastructure, buildings, appliances, processes, transport means and energy systems available
• mobilising the general public, policy-makers at all levels of governments and market actors
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Action Plan: the saving potential
Target Energy Saving Potential: 20% by 2020
Energy efficiency potential in different sectors:• Manufacturing industry: up to 27%
• Transportation: up to 30%
• Commercial buildings: up to 26%
• Households: up to 25%¹
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 7
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I. Dynamic energy performance requirements for energy-using products, buildings and energy services
II. Improving energy transformation
III. Moving on transport
IV. Financing energy efficiency, economic incentives and energy pricing
V. Changing energy behaviour
VI. International partnerships
Action Plan: policies and measures
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 8
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1. Appliance and equipment labelling and minimum energy performance standards
2. Building performance requirements and very low energy buildings (« passive houses »)
Improving energy efficiency in energy-using products, buildings and services
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The EU passed a Framework Appliance Energy Labelling Directive in 1992 (92/75/EEC) followed by implementing Directives for the following appliances:
Cold appliances (Directive 94/2/EC of 21.1.94)Clothes washers (Directive 95/12/EC of 23.5.95)Clothes dryers (Directive 95/13/EC of 23.5.95)Washer-dryers (Directive 96/60/EC of 23.5.95)Dishwashers (Directive 97/17/EC of 7.5.97)Household lamps (Directive 98/11/EC of 27.1.98)Air-conditioners (Directive 2002/31/EC of 22.3.2002) Electric ovens (Directive 2002/40/EC of 8.5.2002).Recently adopted (2nd generation): implementing directive 2003/66/EC on refrigerators and freezers (A+/A++)
EU Energy Labelling of Domestic Appliances
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 9
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Eco-Design of Energy Using Products Directive• Framework Directive
• Focus on energy-using products over life-cycle
• Complementary with Buildings and Energy services directive
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Scope
• Energy using products covered by implementing measures (no immediate requirements on products)
• EuP parts (if placed separately on the market and can be assessed environmentally)
• Means of transport excluded
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 10
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EuP features :Structure• EuP framework does not create immediate obligations for manufacturers
but allows the Commission to do so through implementing Directives;
• Proposed draft implementing measures or voluntary agreements are first discussed with stakeholders in the Consultation Forum; Impact assessment precedes the submission of Commission draft measures;
• Implementing measures are adopted by the Commission assisted by a regulatory Committee;
• Stakeholders participate throughout the whole process (studies, impact assessments, preparatory discussions within the Consultation Forum);
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Principles for setting eco-design requirements
• assure proper and timely consultation of stakeholders;• look for an adequate balance between the requirements envisaged, its
technical/economic feasibility and appropriate adaptation deadlines and time schedules for application;
• give due consideration to self-regulation by industry;• use mature methods, when available (e.g. least life cycle cost for energy
consumption in use);• use evidence available through other Community activities;• Member state legislation is taken into account when preparing
implementing measures;
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 11
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Implementing measures
Implementing measures are proposed for products which:• represent a significant volume of sales and trade in the internal market
(indicative threshold: 200 000 units/year) • involve a significant environmental impact and• present a significant potential for improvement The entire life cycle of the product will be consideredOther aspects (product performance, health&safety, impact on
consumers, manufacturers’ competitiveness) are taken into account
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Significant Environmental
Impacts/life cycle(Including energy)
SpecificEco-DesignRequirements
Maximum levels tolerated for “CE” marking
Best Available Technology
(Worldwide)
Improvement Potential Least Life Cycle cost Measurement requirements leading to mandates etc)
Eco-Label
top of the class
Energy Label Voluntary Agreements
when ambitious compared with Business as usual and significant share of the market
Preparatory Study
Revision5-10 years depending on product group and progress of technology but staged requirements possibleDynamic but predictable to encourage improvement products while providing clarity on investments for IndustryConsistent - Thresholds to be maintained (A becomes D etc.)
- Reward Development of ‘good’ products, compatibility of incentives
EN Measurement Standards
Possible implementing measures
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 12
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Structure of the Methodology1. PRODUCT DEFINITION, STANDARDS & LEGISLATION
2. ECONOMICS & MARKET 3. CONSUMER ANALYSIS & LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
4. TECHNICAL ANA-LYSIS EXISTING PRODUCTS
5. DEFINITION OF BASECASE EuP EcoReport
6. TECHNICAL ANALYSIS BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY (BAT)
7. IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL
8. POLICY, IMPACT AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSES
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 13
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 14
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Financing energy efficiency
• Facilitating appropriate financing of energy efficiency investments for SMEs & Energy Service Companies; private-public partnerships; clearing houses;
• performance contracting; energy audits;
• Spurring energy efficiency in new Member States -Structural & Cohesion Funds;
• A coherent use of taxation
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The Energy Services Directive: the national energy saving target• Measured from 1.1.2008 until end of 2016. • 9-year 9 % target (1% cum annual savings). • Indicative but carefully monitored & reported.• Fixed amount of energy (TWh) calculated as 1%
of 5-year average of unadjusted final cons.• Credit for some “early actions” >1995.• All measures must be verifiable and measurable or estimable.
(Details Annexes I, II, III & IV.).• Member States have to submit National Action Plans, to show
how they intend to meet the target• Commission to consider White Certificates
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 15
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Calculating the Target
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Other provisions
• Member States and suppliers to promote energy services & energy efficiency measures.
• Obligation for energy distribution and/or retail energy sales companies to provide energy services, energy audits, energy efficiency measures
• Energy companies to help remove market barriers, and not hinder EE market development
• Energy suppliers to provide to net-bound & domestic hot water customers: competitively priced, accurate individual meters + information on time of use.
• Billing based on actual & relative consumption & presented in understandable terms.
• Appropriate information on energy costs & previous consumption. • Billing frequently enough to enable customer to regulate consumption
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 16
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Policies for the industrial sectorEnergy management systemto be adopted at EU level
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European Experience onTradable Certificates for Energy Savings (White
Certificates)
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 17
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Energy Saving Quotas/Obligations
• A possible market-based policy portfolio oriented towards end-use energy efficiency could comprise energy-savings quota for some category of operators (distributors, suppliers, consumers, etc.).
• The quota is achieved by saving associated to projects.
• The savings would be verified by the regulator and certified by means of the so-called “white” certificates (tradable certificates for energy savings).
• The savings or the certificates or the quota could be traded;
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Savings obligations and tradable certificates for energy savings
Four key elements of a White Certificates Scheme:
– the creation and framing of the demand (government set the overall target and its apportioning).
– the tradable instrument (certificate) and the rules for trading, – Institutional infrastructure and processes (such as measurement and
verification) to support the scheme..– A system of sanctions in the case of non compliance
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 18
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Tradable certificates for energy savings (TCES) in Europe• In Europe variations of this policy mix have been introduced in
Italy, Great Britain, and since July 2006, also in France.
• The Netherlands and Poland currently considering the implementation of a white certificate system.
• In Flanders (Belgium) and in Ireland there are savings obligations imposed on electricity distributors without certificate trading option; saving obligations on electricity and heat distributors in Denmark.
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General features of the Italian white certificate systems
• Targets in primary energy consumption on electricity and gas grid distribution companies with more than 100,000 customers; by the end of 2007 the Government is expected to set rules for distributors under this threshold;
• Targets set on an annual basis for the period 2005-2009. The mechanism is planned to deliver energy savings equivalent to 5,8 millions Tonnes of Oil Equivalent (Toe) in the five year target period.
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Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 19
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General features of the British EEC• EEC runs in 3-year cycles 2002-2011,
• In EEC-1 (2002-2004) all gas and electricity suppliers with 15,000 or more domestic customers had to deliver a certain quantity of ‘fuel standardized energy benefits’. Target in EEC-1: 62 fuel standardized TWh, total delivered savings: 86.8 TWh.
• In EEC-2 (2005-2007) the threshold for obligation increased to 50,000 domestic customers. The target increased to 130 TWh.
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General features of the French white certificate system
• Targets (for the period 2006-2008) for energy suppliers delivering electricity, gas, domestic fuel (not for transport), cooling and heating for stationary applications;
• A threshold for the imposition of a savings target is set at 0.4 TWh/year (5,000 liters in case of domestic fuel);
• Total target of 54 TWh final energy (cumulated), individual targets in proportion to market sales in the residential and tertiary sectors;
• Excluded: EU ETS plants, fuel substitution between fossil fuels, savings resulting only from measures implemented to comply with current legislation.
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 20
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Conclusions• The EU is very committed to reduce CO2 emission beyond the
Kyoto obligation, 20% reduction by 2020.• Policy makers recognise energy efficiency as a key component
of the CO2 reduction strategy together with the ETS.• Energy Efficiency is also key for the security of supply.• EU Directives for buildings, equipment and imposing 9% over 9
years saving target to Member States are important elements.• It is also recognised the importance of creating a market for
energy efficiency, through white certificates and ESCOs.
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
If you have questions contact me at
paolo.bertoldi@ec.europa.eu
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 21
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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EBRD
Sustainable Energy Financing Facilities
JRC WorkshopJRC WorkshopKrakow, 12/09/2007
"Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings""
STEFANIA RACOLTA
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CLMATE CHANGE TEAM
The EBRD and Energy EfficiencyThe EBRD and Energy Efficiency
Background:energy intensity of EBRD region; centrality of energy efficiency to transition;specialised energy efficiency team with ten years experience;
G8, EU policy developments; EBRD Sustainable Energy Initiative launched in 2006: scaling up; mainstreaming; stronger partnerships.
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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What does the EBRD bring to energy What does the EBRD bring to energy efficiency projects?efficiency projects?
Strategic focus – SEI is at the top of the Bank’s agenda;
Investment and risk taking capacity;
Specialised expertise – engineers, policy experts, carbon finance;
Bankers with mainstreamed energy efficiency know-how and business objectives;
Local presence and knowledge;
Proven capacity to manage complex technical assistance;
Proven capacity to manage donor funds;
Proven capacity to combine all of the above in a single package / product.
Sustainable Energy InitiativeSustainable Energy Initiative
The SEI covers 6 components
stand alone industrial energy efficiency; sustainable energy financing facilities (sustainable energy financing facilities (SEFFsSEFFs); ); cleaner supply; renewables; municipal infrastructure;
carbon finance.
SEFFs: Energy Efficiency Facility in Bulgaria, Romania and Slovakia and Ukraine. Pipeline projects in Russia, Western Balkans, the Caucasus and New Member States.
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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The SEFF model: what and whyThe SEFF model: what and why
EE investments make financial sense but often don’t happen due to:
low awareness; low prioritisation;
poor interface between technical and financial planning;
weak supplier/installer capacity;
lack of FI appetite for smaller projects;
The SEFF model: what and whyThe SEFF model: what and why
The SEFF approach has four elements:
Market Demand Study
Targeted EBRD credit lines to PBs
TC for marketing and awareness raising, project preparation, training and capacity building;
Performance fees to PBs and sub-borrowers
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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SEFF DesignSEFF Design
Grant Fund
Advantages of ModelAdvantages of Model
Relies on local private banks competing against each other;
Strong incentives for both banks and end-borrowers;
Built-in project preparation facility
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Bulgarian Residential Bulgarian Residential Energy Efficiency Credit LineEnergy Efficiency Credit Line‘One-Stop-Shop’ integrated package of loans, grants and technical assistance
Designed by the EBRD and the Bulgarian Government with support from Kozloduy IDSF
Innitiative launched in 2005, aiming to stimulate and accelerate EE investments in residential sector
Overview REECLOverview REECL
EBRD Credit Line EUR 50 million– Financially intermediated by 6 local Bulgarian banks
KIDSF Grant Support – Technical Assistance
– Incentives to Sub-Borrowers and Banks
(upon completion and performance-based)
Sub-Borrowers = Individual Households– Grant support @ 20% of related loan amount (capped)
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Results UpResults Up--toto--datedate
Number of sub-loans: 8,360
Average size of sub-loans: EUR 1,500
Total disbursements: EUR 12 million
Electricity equiv. saved: 54,826 MWh/y
CO2 emmission reduction: 82,097 Ton/y
Types of InvestmentsTypes of Investments
•Energy efficient windows 52%
•Heat pump systems 16%
•Wall, roof, floor insulations 14%
•Efficient gas boilers 10%
•Solar water heaters 4%
•Efficient biomass stoves/ boilers 4%
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Technical AssistanceTechnical Assistance
List of eligible equipment – Technical specifications and
– Minimum energy efficiency characteristics
List of eligible suppliers
Marketing, screening of applications, verification (desk-based and spot checks)
Outstanding IssuesOutstanding IssuesCurrent approach is sub-optimal as up to now loans extended only to individuals
Households not organized in Associations (legal entities) under the Bulgarian Condominium Law
Level of incentive @20% similar with VAT (underground economy)
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Accelerating UptakeAccelerating Uptake
Incentivising EE in comunal spaces (building envelope thermal insulation) with increased grant support
i.e 30% of the loan amount if at least 50% of the households in a block of flats apply collectively;
Slovakia SEFFSlovakia SEFF
Designed by the EBRD and the Slovak Gov. with support from Bohunice IDSF (main donor EU)
Industrial EE, RE and residential EE
EBRD credit line = EUR 60 million– Rolled-out by several local banks
– Anticipated utilisation for residential EUR 30 million
Grant support from BIDSF- Technical Assistance to Sub-Borrowers and Banks
- Performance-Based Incentives to Sub-Borrowers and Banks
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Eligibility for Residential EEEligibility for Residential EE
Eligible Borrowers:
– housing associations
– building management companies
Level of incentives for sub-borrowers
– 20% of the loan amount, payable upon completion and verification
Minimum Energy Savings = 15%.
Project DescriptionProject Description
Complex thermal rehabilitation projects of the blocks of flats consisting in the insulation of the building envelope +
– efficient boilers, micro-cogeneration– Metering and controls– individual heat consumption measurement systems– new double-glazed windows new radiators– urban renewable energy systems
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Simple Energy Audit (SEA) + Energy Performance Certificate (EPC)
Assistance the sub-borrowers in making financing applications to banks
Monitoring progress of projects financed
Verifying implementation of sub-projects
Technical AssistanceTechnical Assistance
The SEA will review and analyse the existing situation:
– annual energy consumption per month and energy carrier and establishment of specific consumptions per m2 and per person
– technical condition of the:
building envelope and existing insulation
heating systems, incl. boiler and network
electricity supply and internal distribution network
technical condition of the air conditioning and ventilation systems
technical condition of the lighting systems
Technical AssistanceTechnical Assistance
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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The SEA will propose necessary measures and investment projects that will reduce significantly energy consumption including for each project:– an estimation of the investment costs
– an estimation of the expected savings in terms of physical energy (kWh, Gcal, Nm3 of gas etc.)
– estimated annual savings with current prices
Technical AssistanceTechnical Assistance
EE Market in RomaniaEE Market in Romania
Final energy intensity (PPP) is 1.4 times > av. EU-25
Target to decrease the final energy consumption by 1.5% per annum untill 2010;
Technical EE investment potential – EUR 3 billion
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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EE Market in RomaniaEE Market in Romania
EBRD Market Demand Study estimated economic potential for EE*
Savings Market Size
– Industry 10-17% EUR 150 mil.– District heating 10-20% EUR 160 mil.– Residential 35-50% EUR 580 mil.– Transport 30-35% EUR 225 mil.– Tertiary 13-20% EUR 50 mil.
* on a 3-year horizon
Residential buildings 4.8 mil. out of which 85,000 B/F
Very high heat demand 2 or 3 x higher than EU
Heating & warm water supply 37-48% of the residential energy consumption
78% of residential buildings aged > 25 years
Blocks built before 1985 60% require extensive rehabilitation
Estimated energy savings min. 30%
OverviewOverview
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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RomaniaRomaniaNational Thermal Rehabilitation National Thermal Rehabilitation ProgrammeProgrammeGovernment’s commitment to finance 67% of energy efficiency investments in Blocks- 34% central government financing
- 33% municipal financing
- 33% Block Associations (BA) (cash or loans)
BAs often do not have a repairing and maintenance fund
Mix of ownership – high income and low income families living in the same apartment block
Grants are not income-sensitive
Concerns over adequacy and long run sustainability
Policy DialoguePolicy Dialogue
EBRD explores options of designing a residential SEFF where commercial financing will be complemented by grant funding sourced either from the
– State budget or through
– Green Investment Scheme.
Advisory support to the Government on a possible re-design of the Thermal Rehabilitation Programme ->long term sustainable instrument
Stefania RACOLTA - EBRD
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Truly European Solutions in financing of energy efficiency projects
UniCredit Bulbank
12 September 2007
2
Agenda
UniCredit Group at a glance
Energy efficiency
Energy efficiency – truly European solutions
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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3
MAIN STRUCTURAL FIGURES1
(1) Data as at 30 June 2006(2) “Full time equivalent”. Koç Group (including Yapi) is consolidated proportionally
UniCredit is a Truly European Bank …
(3) Koç Group considered at 100%
Employees2 over 134,000
Customers: over 35 mn
Branches3: over 7,000
Deposits and debt securities in issue: € 475 bn
Loans: € 430 bn
Banking operations in 20 countries
Global player in Asset Management: € 236 bn AuM(with coverage in 5 continents)
14th bank world-wide in terms of Market Capitalization4
(4) Source: The Banker – July 2006
4
Bulgaria
The UniCredit Group banks
In Bulgaria, UniCredit Bulbank is the local bank of UniCreditGroup. It is the clear Number 1 in the country, servicing morethan 1.2 million customers. The bank is the top provider of loans and is rapidly expanding on the Bulgarian mortgagemarket, small business and leasing.
Figures (as at 30 June 2006)
position1: number 1market share1: 21%total assets: EUR 3.5 billionbranches: 317customers: 1.2 million
Bulgaria
Further information
Country figures
Area: 110,912 sq. kmPopulation: 7.8 millionCapital: Sofia Currency: Bulgarian levGDP1: EUR 21.4 bnper capita GDP1: EUR 2,779
www.unicreditbulbank.bg
1 figures as of 2005
Sofia
Ruse
V.TurnovoVidin
Blagoevgrad Bourgas
Varna
Dulovo
Karnobat
Plovdiv
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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5
Agenda
UniCredit Group at a glance
Energy efficiency
Energy efficiency – truly European solutions
6
European Energy policy and Energy efficiency
Goals of the European energy policy:Support to growth and employment; Climate change;Combating the energy dependency of the EU
Bulgarian national policy implementing the EU policy – Long-term programme of the Bulgarian Government – 2005-2015, National programme for the usage of the Renewable energy sources, etc.;
European and national measures to reach the energy efficiency effect;
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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7
Current status of the energy sector in Bulgaria
Energy consumption* by sectors
Industry38%
Transport28%
Household23%
Services8%
Agriculture3%
Industry
Transport
Household
Services
Agriculture
*Data for 2005, Ministry of economy and energy
8
How to achieve energy efficiency measures
Support municipal actions to encourage energy efficiency measures in buildings, landfills, etc.
Restructuring of the economy and the production means;
Support companies in innovations;
Support households to introduce energy efficiency measures;
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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9
Agenda
UniCredit Group at a glance
Energy efficiency
Energy efficiency – truly European solutions
10
The means: from policy to projects
UniCredit Bulbank – special expertise and products in the energy efficiency field, part of the UniCredit group experience:
Partnership between public and private sector: Public finance unit – a specialized bank unit to support municipal actions in energy efficiency projects
Special bank initiatives and products:European competence centre to support the initiatives of companies and individuals; support to clients in preliminary orientation of EU or national supported energy efficiency projects
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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11
Public finance - leading role in Public Sector in Bulgaria
Experience of UniCredit Group Bulbank in financing energy projects in Public sector and PPP;Supporting the Municipal initiative for creation good practices in Public sector projectsMarket share of UniCredit Bulbank in Public sector financing as of June 2007 – 40% as per Bulgarian National Bank reporting.
60%
40%
12
Partnership between Public Sector entities in Bulgaria and banks – Energy Efficiency Facilities with grant elements
Access to financing recourses and administrative capacity for utilization of direct financing from credit lines with grant elements for EEF projects
Pros&Cons:+ Control on quality of the project and energy saving effect+ Grant for the Borrower, motivating execution of such projects+Energy savings as result+Cheep funds- Time spend for approval of the project by selected consultancy company to
prove eligibility of the project
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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13
Partnership between Public Sector entities in Bulgaria and banks - Purchase of receivables
Purchase of receivables from ESCO companies, performing ESCO projects – indirect financing;
Pros&Cons:
+ No Procurement procedures for selection of financing institution –time saving
+ Low prices within the public sector financing market
+ Possibility Public entities to deferred payments for ESCO projects
+ Financing of ESCO companies – they do not close money in large projects and have the possibility to enter in other projects
14
European Competence Centre – 1/2
ECC: Part of the European family of the UniCredit Group and the network of ECCs:
preliminary consultations to companies and municipalities on EU / national project funding possibilities;
support to existing and potential clients of the bank for a better and timely orientation on how to obtain financial support.
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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15
overall solutions for their investment projects by cooperating closely with the relevant business units;
identifying programs suitable for the customer, their combination with other bank products;
information about external consultation companies, which can develop and/or manage the implementation of a grant aid project if the customer has expressed such interest;
a unique integrated approach to grant access to financing, reduces investment costs, and allows a combination with other bank products.
European Competence Centre – 2/2
16
Energy efficiency – best practices
Industrial energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy sources (RES) line1;
EUR 17 million in 21 projects provided
Investment projects for energy efficiency in the sphere of industry and projects for renewable energy sources;
Potential candidates - Local legal entities, corporations (holdings, consortiums) and sole-proprietor companies;
Loan amount - up to EUR 1,5 million;
Types of projects – EE and RES projects
Grant paid to the final beneficiary – up to 7.5% of the loan amount for EE and up to 20% of the loan for RES projects
1 Line utilized
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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17
Energy efficiency – best practices
EBRD Energy efficiency line for individuals;
Total amount of the line EUR 5 million;
Loan EuroGrant to cover refurbishment under the Energy Efficiency programme;
Loan up to BGN 10 thousand with tenor up to 7 years;
Up to 20% grant for the final beneficiary
18
Bank as the link to EU structural funds
Energy efficiency measures under Operating programme competitiveness: total amount of the priority 2 of the programme “Increasing efficiency of enterprises and promoting supportive business environment” - EUR 593.8 million;
Bridge financing of the projects – implementation of the project, then the grant shall be provided to the final beneficiary when financial documents are approved by the managing authority of the programme;
Evaluation of the financial viability of the project
Cooperation with consulting companies
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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19
GREENHOUSE GASES TRADING SCHEME
CO2 TRADING SCHEME - Multilateral Carbon Credit Fund (MCCF), a joint initiative by EBRD and EIB
Investment in enterprises to produce carbon credits: projects leading to reduction of the greenhouse gases emissions (CO2, CH4);
Joint Implementation and European Trading Scheme;
The income generated from carbon credits traded provides additional support for the project cash-flow
20
Contacts
Mrs. Milena Trifonova
Head of Institutions and European Competence CentreUniCredit Bulbank ADBulgariaE-mail: Milena.Trifonova@UniCreditBulbank.bgt. +359 2 9269 552f.: +359 2 9269 425
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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21
Thank you for your attention!
Milena TRIFONOVA - UniCredit Bulbank JSC, Bulgaria
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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1
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Thermorenovation FundWarsaw, September 2007 r.
BGK was established in 1924
BGK is the only state-owned bank in Poland
BGK plays a special role in the Polish banking system - social and economic targets of the State are to a large extent achieved via the Bank. Currently the Bank administers 10 state-funded programmes and a number of governmental programs
Apart from servicing governmental projects BGK runs commercial activity, using its own Branches and Offices
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego
Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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The Thermorenovation Fund was established pursuant to the Law of the 18 of December 1998 (Journal of Laws - Dz.U. no. 162, item 1121, with subsequent amendments)
The Thermorenovation Fund does not have a legal personality and it is placed in BGK
As the Fund has been designed as a help for investors not to finance the thermorenovation from their own resources, premium is only available as a partial pay-off of the credit. 21 commercial banks entered into the cooperation agreement with BGK.
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Thermorenovation Fund
On the 31st of May 2006 the Thermorenovation Fund spent 100 mln zł assigned for that year. In December 2006 BGK received additional 24,9 mln zł budgetary funding.
According to the Budgetary Act for 2007 the Fund received 250 mln. zł.
In the first half of 2007 BGK received assets in the amount of 250 mln zł as expected
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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What is a thermorenovation project?
It is an improvement resulting in reduction of an annual energy consumption used for heating of a building and water in residential buildings and houses (all the types), buildings used by municipal entities for purposes of public service,
Connection to the centralized heat source when closing down local heat source resulting in lowering of the costs of the heat supplied for the buildings,
Total or partial replacement of conventional energy sources with nonconventional ones, including renewable energy.
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
What is a thermorenovation premium ?
Thermorenovation premium is a form of state help for the investor. It is granted by Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego in the amount of 25 % of credit used for completion of the thermorenovation investment.
Thermorenovation premium is a partial repayment of the credit taken by the investor. It means that the investor will repay only 75% of the credit himself.
Premium could be granted only in form of the credit repayment. Investors using their own funds can not apply for it.
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Who can apply for the premium?
Owners and administrators can apply for the premium excluding budgetary entities.
Premium can be granted to any type of investor without distinction of their legal status eg :corporate bodies (eg. housing cooperatives and commercial companies), local self-governments, private entities, including house owners, housing communities.
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Preparing energy audit by Investor (list of auditors on web site: www.mi.gov.pl)
Preparing credit application to the commercial bank (one of 21 cooperating banks)
Investor signs credit agreement with the commercial bank
Verifying energy audit by special institution hired by BGK
Decision for approval or decline bonus made by BGK
Investment implementation
Investment finished
Bonus paid by BGK (25% of total used credit amount) to the bank
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Code of practice when applying for Thermorenovation premium
Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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9
Thermorenovation Fund performance from start to 30.06.2007
90817Other
1265371Students` hostels
14467625836Public service buildings
0055Other heat sources
732030Heat distribution networks
14205488Local heat sources
246425262158931Multi-family houses
4491447582Single-family houses
2694439742710560Applications, including:
5 =2-(3+4)4321
Aplicationsunverified or
returned by BGK
Rejectrdapplications
Applications verified positivelyRegistered aplications
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
10
30.06.0701.01.07 -30.06.0701.01.99 -Premiums granted and paid
82849,76004 308,0Amount and number of paid out premiums
109962,67427399,3Amount and number of granted premiums
X12,8X1.597,3Amount of credits resulting from registered and positively verified applications
X17,0X2.253,7Investments resulting from registered and positively verified applications
NumberValuein mln złNumberValue
in mln zł
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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11
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Crediting banks by the granted premiums on 30th of July 2007 r.
100%399,37427SUM
14,6760,91090OTHER6.
3,7714,8280BANK ZACHODNI WBK SA5.
4,2714,1317BANK POCZTOWY SA4.
16,3171,11211PKO BP S.A.3.
29,41109,82184BOŚ S.A. 2.
31,57128,62345BISE S.A1.
Share of applications
(%)
Value of granted premiums(in mln zł)
Applications verified
positively(no.)
Crediting BankL.p.
12
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Crediting banks by amounts of granted premiums (01.01.2006 - 30.06. 2007)
100%168,02823SUM
8,0716,5228OTHER6.
2,024,357ING BANK ŚLĄSKI S.A. 5.
4,687,1132BANK POCZTOWY SA4.
15,7326,6444BOŚ S.A3.
32,8053,0926PKO BP S.A. 2.
36,7060,51036BISE S.A.1.
Share of applications
(%)
Value of granted premiums(in mln zł)
Applications verified
positively(no.)
Crediting BankL.p.
Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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General information
Thermorenovation Fund
Regional Development Department
Tel. (0 22) 52 29 430, 52 29 410,
fax (0 22) 52 29 194
e-mail: bgk@bgk.com.pl, tomasz.przeslawski@bgk.com.pl
www.bgk.com.pl
List of energy auditors:
www.bgk.com.pl
BGK – PEWNY PARTNER
Tomasz PRZESLAWSKI - Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Financial Instruments to PromoteSustainable Energy and Energy Efficiency in
the New EU Member States
Peter ChovanecDexia banka Slovensko
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,Krakow, September 2007
2Dexia Banka Slovensko
Profile of Dexia banka Slovensko
Member of Dexia Group, founded in 1993
Assets 55 billion SKK (1,64 billion €), profit 309 million SKK (9,2 million €)
#1 in financing municipal sector in Slovakia (72% market share)
Dexia Group is world leader in public finance and project finance of infrastructure, environment and renewables, rated AA+
Dexia Group is active in new EU Member States via local subsidiaries of Dexia Kommunalkredit Bank Vienna
Project Finance focused on Energy, Waste, Water Infrastructure, Transport
Principle of „Sustainable Development“
Special emphasis on Energy Efficiency and Renewable projects
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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3Dexia Banka Slovensko
2007 Sustainable Development Award
Dexia banka Slovensko became Eastern Europe Sustainable Bank of theYear
The FT Sustainable Banking Awards, are created by the Financial Times and IFC and recognise banks that have shown leadership and innovation in integrating social, environmental and corporate governance objectives intotheir operations
The 2007 Awards received 151 entries from more than 100 banks in 51 countries.
4Dexia Banka Slovensko
Sustainable energy financing structures
Project Finance
Structured Finance
Grant co-financing facilities (EU, government, UN...)
Multilateral Financial Institution facilities
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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5Dexia Banka Slovensko
Track record of Dexia banka Slovensko Energy Efficiency Projects closed in 2002 - 2007
Number of realized projects: > 100Total investment costs: > 4,5 billion SKK (134 million €)Total volume of released loans: > 3,5 billion SKK (104 million €)Focus of the projects:
municipal district heating systemindustrial energy facilitiesusage of renewable energy sources:
- biomass, small hydro - wind, geothermal, biogas – under preparation
public lightingoperation of energy facilities in public buildings
Partners: IFC (World Bank), EBRD, EIB, SZRB (Slovak guarantee bank), UNDP, commercial banks, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Economy, Slovak Energy Agency
6Dexia Banka Slovensko
Track recordWhere does our experience come from?
Biomass switch from natural gas to wooden chips
Example:District heating in town of 20 000 inhabitantsProject of construction of biomass boiler in existing boiler houseMinimalisation of gas consumption, use of biomass from surroundingforestsDecrease and stabilisation of heat price for end consumers
construction & operation of pellets production unit, related logistics system & combustion units
Example:Project of association of municipalities (which is sponsor and borrower ofthe loan)Construction of pellet production unit, logistic system and pool of smalland medium scale boilers in public houses of association members(schools, hospitals, culture centres)
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
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7Dexia Banka Slovensko
Track recordWhere does our experience come from?
Small hydro power plantssuccessful preparation & implementation of three hydro power plants
Energy efficiency projectsmunicipal public lighting - number of running projects with different rangemunicipal energy facilities reconstruction & operation (schools, hospitals…)industrial energy facilities reconstruction & operation
Geothermalpreparation of large projects used for district heating
Windlong-term preparation of wind parks – scenarios analyzes, identification of potential projects in Slovakia
8Dexia Banka Slovensko
Project finance in power and renewables fieldParticularities
Renewable energy projects in Slovakia have been launched only in limited extent – (lack of professional experience)
From technical aspects, considered technologies are known and well-proven abroad
International know-how cannot be applied to Slovak environment
State support is more declared than sufficiently used, (purchase prices, disconnection from the heat network, licensing, tax allowances)
Realized projects represent only demonstration or pilot projects. Used financial structures are exceptional (100% grants…)
Massive application requires commercial financing (bankable conditions)
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
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9Dexia Banka Slovensko
Remarks on the future developmentof renewable projects
future development of purchase price – relation with electricity price
distribution companies can purchase green electricity for higher price than
regulated, provided that it is cost-neutral or profitable
positive image while selling green electricity to customers
all purchase costs are economically justified – they should be included in the price
paid by customers
the venture capital is absent in Slovak market
expected IRR (25-30%) of venture capital cannot be reached in regulated industry
Renewables have to be implemented dramatically, to reach EU directive without large
hydro power plants
10Dexia Banka Slovensko
Financing the municipal energy efficiency projectsExperience emerging from the projects
Conclusions from this field:
Potential for use grants (European Union, national government)
Easier bankability by using schemes involving multilateral financial institutions. Dexia uses the following ones:
EBRD (Municipal Finance Facility)EIB (Municipal Infrastructure Facility)
IFC (Guarantee Facility)
Growing importancy of different forms of public-private partnershipsOff balance solutions for municipalities
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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11Dexia Banka Slovensko
Co-operation with multilateral financial institutions
Dexia close cooperates with European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, European Investment Bank and International FinanceCorporation
12Dexia Banka Slovensko
Co-operation with multilateral financial institutionsMunicipal Finance Facility (EBRD)
Municipal Finance Facility (MFF) is an initiative of the EBRD and the European Commission to develop and stimulate commercial bank lending to small and medium-sized municipalities and their utility companies in the new EU Member States
MFF works through partner banks (eg Dexia Banka Slovensko)
EBRD finances in the form of risk sharing by EBRD on up to 35% of the Dexia’s risk on a portfolio of loans
Approved loans must fulfill rules and covenants set by EBRD
Eligible purpose:Water Infrastructure
Waste management, recyclation
Road transport infrastructure
Rolling stock
Healthcare
Education
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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13Dexia Banka Slovensko
Co-operation with multilateral financial institutionsSustainable Energy Financing Facility (EBRD)
Purpose of the facility is encouraging energy investments in private sector companies and the residential sector in Slovakia
Facility is done in cooperation of EBRD and Slovak government and it issupported from Bohunice Nuclear Power Plant Decomissioning Fund
Facility works as funding of the pool of loans, where risks are borne by Dexia
There is grant scheme for borrowers
Eligible purpose:Industrial energy efficiency
Renewable energy
Housing energy efficiency
Facility is in negotiation process
14Dexia Banka Slovensko
Co-operation with multilateral financial institutionsGlobal Loan, Municipal Infrastucture Facility (EIB)
Financing of small and medium scale projects carried-out by public or private promoters, which are either a small and medium sized company
Facility works as funding of the pool of loans, where risks are borne by Dexia
Eligible purpose:Environment
Infrastructure
Development of a Knowledge-Based Economy
Rational use of energy
Health
Education
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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15Dexia Banka Slovensko
Co-operation with multilateral financial institutionsGuarantee Facility Agreement (IFC)
Guarantee program to support the financing of energy efficiency projects in six Central European countries
The program works in partnership with local financial institutions (eg Dexia)and provides partial guarantees to share in the credit risk of energy efficiency transactions
Guaranteed is not more than 50% of the particular loan
16Dexia Banka Slovensko
Contact
Thank you for attention!Peter ChovanecDirector of Department of Project FinanceDexia banka SlovenskoObchodná 1811 06 Bratislavatel.: +421 2 593 009 11pchovanec@dexia.skwww.dexia.sk
Peter CHOVANEC - Dexia Banka Slovensko, Slovak Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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IFC CEEF ProgramIFC CEEF ProgramCommercializing Energy
Efficiency Financefor the building sector
Tibor Tibor KludovKludovááczczIFC/CEEF Program Officer
JRC Workshop, KrakowSeptember 12, 2007
TopicsTopics
1) Introduction to the CEEF program• Program history• Objectives• Tools of the program• Results
2) CEEF supported project examples• Common area finance for block houses• Szemünk Fénye program
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Program HistoryProgram History
((19971997)) HEECP1HEECP1– Pilot phase: Hungary Energy Efficiency Co-Financing Program– Partial credit guarantee fund financed by GEF ($5 million)
(20012001)) HEECP2HEECP2– IFC contributes $12 million from its own funds +supported by $4 million from
GEF ((20032003)) Launching of CEEFLaunching of CEEF
– Commercializing Energy Efficiency Finance Program– Replication of HEECP in five countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Lithuania,
Latvia, Estonia)– Guarantee funding: IFC $75 million + GEF $15 million
((20052005)) Merger of Merger of HEECP HEECP & & CEEFCEEF– One unified regional Energy Efficiency Program (CEEF)
CEEF ProgramCEEF Program
Program Objectives:– Mobilization of commercial funding for energy efficiency
investments by way of specialized banking instruments (Guarantee Program)
– Capacity building, market development and targeted technical assistance to FIs, ESCOs and End-Users (Technical AssistanceProgram)
– Awareness raising and other EE marketing activities– Up-scaling business: development of financing structures that can
be replicated and offered to developing countries for large scale lending (mainstreaming)
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Program Program instrumentsinstruments
Guarantee ProgramGuarantee Program– Up to 50% IFC partial credit guarantees for energy efficiency
investments through selected partner FIs– Variety of guarantee products (individual guarantees, portfolio
guarantees, other specialized guarantees)
TechnicalTechnical AssistanceAssistance (TA) Program(TA) Program– Direct financial support for project development– Sharing of international best-practice– Awareness raising, FI trainings, marketing activities
CEEF ProgramCEEF Program
Projects in the CEEF portfolioProjects in the CEEF portfolio– Municipal Streetlighting– Block House Renovations– Vendor Finance programs for EE equipment sellers– Heating and lighting upgrades for municipal institutions– District heating retrofits– Combined Heat- and Power Production– Energy Efficiency loans for SMEs and industrial companies– Renewable projects: wind power, biomass, hydro power
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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CEEF ProgramCEEF Program ResultsResults
CEEF Program Results:CEEF Program Results:
– 14 banks joined the program since 1997;– More than 500 guaranteed transactions have been completed in 5
countries;– More than US$ 200 million of investment in energy efficiency was
triggered by IFC guarantees;– $250 million investment under the scope of the Szemünk Fénye
Program was completed in 2006 in Hungary;
CEEF ProjectsCEEF Projects
Energy Efficiency in buildingsEnergy Efficiency in buildings
1. Block House portfolio with Raiffeisen Bank Hungary
2. Szemünk Fénye Program with OTP Bank
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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CEEF Housing PortfolioCEEF Housing Portfolio
Market conditions enabling lending– Business potential, demand– Technology is relatively easy and cheap, available locally– Favorable legal environment (block houses have legal status,
collection and mortgage laws)– Mature banking sector, liquidity and stiff competition
financial innovation– High political visibility resulting in state support programs– Building Savings Funds
CEEF Housing PortfolioCEEF Housing Portfolio
ContractorContractor
BankBank
HOUSING ASSOCIATIONHOUSING ASSOCIATIONContractor FeeContractor Fee
IFC guaranteeIFC guarantee
Guarantee FeeGuarantee Fee
Collateral
Collateral
ReconstructionReconstruction
TENANTSTENANTS
Increased Increased Common CostsCommon Costs
InterestInterest
Housing Loan
Housing Loan
Building Savings Building Savings FundFundSTATESTATE
BSF BSF SavingsSavings
Balance Balance of BSF of BSF
AccountAccount
Interest SubsidyInterest Subsidy
State GrantState Grant
BSF SubsidyBSF Subsidy
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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CEEF Housing PortfolioCEEF Housing Portfolio
$36,682,261
$448,863
$54,604,535
$967,507$5,357,553
$0
$10,000,000
$20,000,000
$30,000,000
$40,000,000
$50,000,000
$60,000,000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007-YTD
Individual Guarantees Portfolio Guarantees
Inve
stm
ent V
olum
e
CEEF Housing PortfolioCEEF Housing Portfolio
Key elements of successKey elements of success– Strong cooperation with reputable FI partner– Market experience, understanding of market dynamics– Heavy marketing activity by the bank– Standardized portfolio product– Streamlined project origination
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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CEEF Housing PortfolioCEEF Housing Portfolio
Challenges to address in housing financeChallenges to address in housing finance(the next phase)(the next phase)
– Up-scaling lending– Maximizing energy efficiency with complex
reconstructions– Making generated energy savings part of the revenues
available for debt service (ESCO Scheme)– Development of fully commercial financing structures
SzemSzemüünk Fnk Féénye Programnye Program
ProgramProgram SummarySummary– Heating and indoor lighting renovation for municipal
institutions through an ESCO;– $250 million energy efficiency investment in the next 5
years;– Executing Consortium selected through centralized
procurement procedure of MoE;– IFC provides a 50% risk sharing facility to OTP Bank;– Centralized project origination and monitoring.
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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SzemSzemüünknk FFéénye nye ProgramProgram
OTP OTP BANKBANK
ESCO ESCO CaminusCaminus
RiskRisk SharingSharingFacilityFacility
SubSub--SovereignSovereign Project Project PackagesPackages
Credit Credit LineLineSubSub--
contractorscontractors
EquipmentEquipmentSuppliersSuppliers
Project Project ImplementationImplementation
ServicesServicesfeesfees
SzSzememüünknk FFéénye Programnye Program
Key elements of successKey elements of success– Governamental innitiative– Strong and experienced Consortium composing of FI,
ESCO, equipment suppliers and contractors– Streamlined portfolio approach– Innovative financial engineering for the risk sharing
facility
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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CEEF Hungary ContactsCEEF Hungary Contacts
IFC Program OfficeIFC Program OfficeRegus Office Building
Kálmán Imre u. 1.H-1054 Budapest, Hungary
Tel: (06-1) 475-1100Fax: (06-1) 475-1525
Web: www.ifc.orgE-mail: tkludovacz@ifc.org
Tibor KLUDOVACZ - IFC-CEEF, Hungary
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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1
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
JRC Workshop: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
FinancingEnergy Efficiency
for Low Income Blockhouses in Central Europe
Clifford J. AronGreenMax Capital Advisors
September 2007 Krakow, Poland
2
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
Financing energy and environmental infrastructure NYC, Minnesota, Warsaw, Prague, Belgrade, Budapest, Kiev, Barcelona Experience in 19 countries of CEE and CIS region since 1994Services:
Design of financial productsProject preparation and due diligenceArranging financing
Structured finance for over $600 million in projectsClients:
IFC, World Bank, EBRD, EU, US TDA, DIGHHVB, Erste, OTP, Raifeissen, SEBSiemens, Honeywell
Company Description
Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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3
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• Difficult to secure BH renovation loans with mortgages
• Underlying property cannot be attached
• Mortgaging individual owner’s units unrealistic + unwieldy
• In some markets still unclear legal framework
• Residents cannot afford increases to common costs
• Difficult for building to raise down payment on a loan
• May be low payment morale on common costs
• Building envelope renovation needs lead to long paybacks
Barriers to EE Finance in Blockhouses
4
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• Legal Framework
must be some BH legal entity which can assume loangovernance of that legal entity must be clearmajority rule decision-making w/o challengesBH legal entity must be able to enforce claims against residents for non-payment of common costs
• Financialcommon cost payments level which supports investmentstrong payment morale of residents
Preconditions to Commercial Financing
Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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5
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• ESTONIAintervention with commercial banks altered approachintermediary to aggregate BH loansTA for project preparation
• HUNGARYinnovative structure for credit supportfinancial engineering to maximize impact of subsidies
• POLAND financial engineering to overcome equity requirements
• LITHUANIAprogram to demonstrate commercial financinglayered credit support address high riskperspective
First Generation ProgramsSummary
6
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• Populations on Fixed Incomes are good payers; almost no defaults in all country portfolios
• Some subsidies usually needed to keep increase in common costs affordable for residents
• Some form of credit support necessary; Loan Guarantees oftenhave limited impact on bank credit analysis BUT huge impact on
reducing perceptions of “market entry risk”
• “First Loss” coverage critical in providing meaningful credit support
• Structure of “guarantee call”, order of recovery + simplicity of ofcredit support product all important
• Lowest income blockhouses, large high rise panel buildings remain largely un-served – cannot provide down-payments + banks not ready to take credit risk
First Generation ProgramsLessons
Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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7
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• GreenMax formed partnership with Dutch International Guarantees for Housing (DIGH)
• Goal is to serve lowest income properties
• Banks need deeper credit support to serve this population
• Cash Deposit mechanism chosen
• Rated as 100% protection in bank credit analysis
• Launched in Hungary with ERSTE Bank, expanding to Bulgaria, Poland and Ukraine, other countries desirable
GreenMax-DIGH ProgramConcept
8
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• Dutch foundation mediates financing of affordable (private and public) housing development + reconstruction projects in transitional and developing countries
• Dutch housing associations and municipalities are willing to stand surety. Historically have AAA ratings
• DIGH borrows funds from Dutch Banks on attractive terms based on these guarantees
• DIGH on-lends these funds to finance activities in target countries
GreenMax-DIGH ProgramWho is DIGH
Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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9
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• Housing Energy Efficiency Development Agency (HEEDA)
- established by GreenMax + local partner- organize and prepare the blockhouse energy efficiency projects by
providing technical and project management services
• Housing Energy Efficiency Financing Facility (HEEFF)
- provide loans to Condominium Associations for investments in energy efficiency originated by a commercial bank. - not a separate legal entity -- a financing facility operated under agreement between the Bank, DIGH, HEEDA, and any participating IFI
GreenMax-DIGH ProgramActivities
10
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• Marketing the concept of the EE project to the CA management
• Organizing the energy audit and interpret its results for the CA
• Assisting to convince the residents to approve the investment
• Preparing the approval documents for the CA General Assembly
• Prepare the state subsidy (if applicable) and bank loan applications
• Assist the CA management to organize and contract for the construction work
GreenMax-DIGH ProgramHEEDA Functions
Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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11
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
GreenMax- DIGH ProgramHEEDA Structure
HEEDA
GreenMaxLocal Partner
Jointly establish + manage new enterprise
Prepare business plan
Train staff
Identify geographic areas
Legal support
Organize energy auditing
Condominium Associations
Municipalities
Ministry Commercial Bank
Market energy efficiency investments
Organize + interpret energy audits
Prepare approval at General Meeting
Applications for grants + loans
Manage relations with Ministry and Municipalities Establish HEEFF with bank, DIGH, IFI
Manage HEEFF relations
Deliver grants (if funding available)
Originate + administer loans
12
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
• DIGH provides a Cash Deposit Fund (“CDF”) to the Bank as a financialsecurity, blocking the amount in a security deposit account residing atERSTE.
• CDF used solely to back energy efficiency renovation loans to CAs in a loan portfolio developed jointly by HEEDA and the Bank.
• For each individual loan a “Project Cash Deposit - PCD” is allocated from the CDF.
• PCD is used:1) to replace the 20% owners equity normally required 2) to cover the first 20% of losses of principal on each portfolio loan
• The CDF is funded initially at Euro 2 million by DIGH to facilitate a Euro 10 million portfolio to start
GreenMax-DIGH ProgramHEEFF Functions
Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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13
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
GreenMax- DIGH ProgramHEEFF Structure
HEEDA
DIGHIFI
DIGH provides:
20% Cash Deposit
Replaces CA equity
Covers first 20% of loss on each loan
BANK collects + pays interest on Cash Deposit
IFI provides:
Additional Credit Support
(50% pari passu guarantee
Or
Credit line with subordination features)
Covers only 80% of loans not backed by DIGH
BANK collects + pays guarantee fees
Condominium Associations
Municipalities
Ministry
Commercial Bank
100% financing for non grant funded portion of investments
Originates + services loans
Loans backed by DIGH Cash Deposit and IFI
Deliver grants
(if funding available)
GreenMax
HEEFF
Project promotion + preparation
Coordinate establishment of HEEFF between all parties
Negotiate eligibility + credit underwriting requirements
Prepare Operating Agreement + CDA
HEEDA provides loan pipeline
Bank pays fees
Local Partner
Legal + admin support
14
CJ ARON ASSOCIATES Inc.
Contact
GREENMAX ul. Dobra 54 suite 4100-312 Warsaw, Polandphone: +48 22 892-0050fax: +48 22 892-0060Mobile: +48 602 53 86 53email: cja@greenmaxcap.comwww.greenmaxcap.comskype name: clifford.aron123
DIGHwww.digh.nl
Cliff ARON - GreenMax Capital Advisors
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Economic Commission for Europe
Programme EE21Energy Efficiency 21
Gianluca SambuciniProject Manager
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Krakow, 12 September 2007
Energy Efficiency 21 Programme
World Energy Demand and CO2 emissionsEnergy Intensity in 12 EE21 countriesEnergy efficiency market potentialThe Energy Efficiency 21 Programme (EE21)EE21 Recent Developments
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Reference Scenario: World Primary Energy Demand (IEA 2007)
Oil
Coal
Gas
BiomassNuclear
Other renewables
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
Mto
e
World Energy-Related CO2 Emissions(IEA 2007)(IEA 2007)
0
3
6
9
12
15
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
Gtof
CO2
United States China India Rest of non-OECD Rest of OECD
United States
China
Rest of non-OECD
Rest of OECD
India
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Energy Intensity – Energy/ GDP 1995-2004
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Albania BelarusBosnia and Herzegovina BulgariaCroatia KazakhstanRepublic of Moldova RomaniaRussian Federation Serbia and MontenegroThe Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Ukraine
Source:http://eia.doe.gov
Energy Intensity – Energy/ GDP (PPP), 2004
Energy Intensity in 2004
18,443
9,672
15,420
11,45010,205
12,726
8,2857,4478,743
12,862
15,763
8,050
02,0004,0006,0008,000
10,00012,00014,00016,00018,00020,000
Albania
Belarus
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Kazakhstan
Republic ofM
oldova
Romania
Russian
Federation
Serbia andM
ontenegro
The Former
Yugoslav
Ukraine
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Energy Efficiency market potential Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Reducing the energy efficiency gap by half would save 600 million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe)
The saving potential of the Russian Federation is 360-400 million tonnes of oil equivalent
Energy Efficiency: Lighting, An Example of Cost-Effective Savings (IEA, 2007)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Ligh
ting
elec
tric
ity c
onsu
mpt
ion
(TW
h)
No Policies
Current Policies
LLCC from 2008
1635 TWh= 38.4%
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Energy Efficiency 21
Launched in 1991 - 5 three-year phasesEnhance East-West Trade and Co-operationImprove Capacities and NetworkingPolicy ReformsFinancing Energy Efficiency Investments
Energy Efficiency 21
Energy Efficiency Investments1999-2005US$ 2 million UN Foundation & PartnersBelarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation and UkraineEnergy Efficiency Market Formation
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Energy Efficiency Investments
US$ 60 million in 30 Business PlansPotential 530,000 tonnes / year CO2
US$ 14.9 million financing approved in Belarus, Bulgaria, Russia, UkraineFinanced Projects 136,000 tonnes / year CO2
Training, Publications, CD-Rom
PROJECT PLAN 2006-2009
To enhance regional cooperation on energy efficiency market formation and investment project development to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in economies in transition
General Objective
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Objectives
Accelerate regional networking
Promote and finance municipal level projects
Enhance economic, institutional and regulatory reforms
Sub-regional Projects of EE21
Financing Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Investments for Climate Change Mitigation
The Regional Network for Efficient Use of Energy and Water Resources in Southeast Europe (RENEUER)
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Sub-regional Projects of EE21
Removing Barriers to Energy Efficiency Improvements in the State Sector in BelarusBiomass Energy for Heating and Hot Water Supply in BelarusGreen Labels PurchaseDevelopment of Coal Mine Methane Projects in Central and Eastern Europe and CIS
Project on Financing Investments
Financing Energy Efficiency Investments for Climate Change Mitigation
Long-Term Objective
Promote an investment environment for self sustaining energy efficiency and renewable energy projects to be developed and financed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Donor Institutions for an operations budget of USD 7.5 million
United Nations FoundationUS$ 2 millionFonds Français pour l’Environnement MondialUS$ 2.5 millionUNEP - Global Environment FacilityUS$ 3 million
Energy efficiency for buildings with the projecton Financing Investments
Source of financing with dedicated investment fundsTraining to help establish bankable project proposalsInstitutional and policy reforms
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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European Clean Energy Fund – Swiss Re
Officially launched in April 2007 under the EE21 Programme mandateinvestment capital of € 329 millionMezzanine and Equity Capital (target IRR of 15-20 % per annum)25 European Union member states
ECEF targets clean energy projects directly related to the building sectorDistrict heatingElectricity supply (power plants modernisation, use of cogeneration and combined-cycle)Solar energy
Structure of the new Investment Fund
Making “business as usual” through market formation in the ECE region
Terms of transaction:Targeted capital: € 250 million
Public (30 %) – Private partnership (70 %)Equity and mezzanine financing
Targeted countries: EU: Bulgaria, RomaniaSouth-Eastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, FYR of Macedonia, SerbiaCIS: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine
Targeted projects related to the building sector:District heating and power plants modernisationUse of renewable energies
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Financing modalities of the new Investment Fund
Financing in the private sectorESCOs or other SPVs (Special Purpose Vehicles)Big scale projects: ex. Fuel switching in a power plant
Financing in the public sectorWork with municipalities on energy saving measures for public buildings (schools, hospitals, household,..)
– Building envelope– Heating systems – Hot water supply system– Lighting system
Training and institutional reforms promotion
Training courses organised to help establish bankable project proposals
Regional study on:– the energy efficiency situation– investment climate in participating countries
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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The project will achieve:
Reduction of GHG emissions of 10 million tonnes a year
Considerable energy savings
Creation of necessary standards and reforms to make energy efficiency a usual and privately financed business
Gianluca SAMBUCINI - UNECE
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Green Investment Scheme (GIS) in Hungary
Workshop on „Effective Policies for Improving EnergyEfficiency in Buildings”
12-14 September 2007, Krakow
Dr. Mónika Rábai
Content:
1. Kyoto Protocol commitments2. EU ETS and Kyoto3. International Emission Trading4. Cope of GIS5. Legal issues in Hungary6. Aims of Hungary7. Financing GIS projects8. Areas for investment9. Enhancing energy efficiency in buildings10. Conclusions
Mónika RÁBAI - Ministry for Environment and Water, Hungary
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1. Kyoto Protocol Commitments
• 5,2 % GHG reduction until 2008-2012 (base year: 1990 & 1985-87)
• EU-15 8 % reduction compared to 1990• Hungary 6% reduction compared to 1985-87
• Flexible mechanisms:
Joint Implementation – JI – ERUClean Development Mechanisms – CDM – CERInternational Emission Trading – IET – AAU„Sinks” – RMU
2. EU ETS and Kyoto
EU-ETSEU-15, reduction of CO2NAPscredit: EUA
Parties 6 GHGsCommon but diff. resp.AAU, ERU, CER
Kyoto
Linkage
Linking Directive: ERUs & CERs can be used by operators from 2008 in theEU ETS to comply with their commitmentsProhibition of double countingEUAs can be converted into AAUs, trading with EUAswill be the part of the IET
Mónika RÁBAI - Ministry for Environment and Water, Hungary
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International Emission Trading
• Annex 1 countries can trade with their assigned amountof unit (AAU)
• Commitment period reserve• Central-eastern-european countries have surplus AAU
(„Hot air”)• Complexity of the international & european carbon market• Political uncertainties• Price of coal & gas (determines the fuel-change)• Banking of AAUs
AAU supply 2008-2012
Russia
Ukraine
Poland
Czech Republic
Lithuania
Estonia
Slovakia
Bulgaria
Romania
Hungary
Slovenia
Latvia
0,0 500,0 1000,0 1500,0 2000,0 2500,0 3000,0 3500,0thousand tCO2 eq.
AAU demand 2008-2012
Luxembourg
Portugal
Belgium
Netherlands
Finnland
Austria
Italy
Eastern Europe(without EU 15l) and
New-Zeland
Spain
Canada
Japan
-1800 -1600 -1400 -1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0thousand tCO2 eq.
Mónika RÁBAI - Ministry for Environment and Water, Hungary
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Green Investment Scheme
• Bilateral negotiations (scarcity of information)• Preferences of buyers & sellers• Buyers (countries, authorized companies)• Intermediaries (brokers, banks)• MoU, ERPA • Technology transfer
Legal background in Hungary
Act on implementation of Kyoto ProtocolManagement of Kyoto units by the MoEW - treasury assetsRevenues from the sale of Kyoto units should be used:
• for GHG emission reductions• Carbon capture by sinks (LULUCF) • Adaptation
In accordance with the National Climate Change StrategyGovernment reports yearly to the Parliament on the useof revenues
Details will be regulated in Gov. Decree (under preparation)Enter into force on January of 2008
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Aims of Hungary
• Verified GHG emission reduction, selling greenAAUs
• Cost-efficiency• Long-term emission reductions• Incremental benefits• Additionality• Looking for a niche - financing not available or
successfully not available for an area of investment
• Max. 5% overhead
Buyer Hungarian Government
contract
Transfer of purchase price & AAUsMinistry of Environment & Water invite tendersProgram and project type of utilisation of revenuesExamination of tenders by Project Management Unit (outer experts)VerificationNational contact person informs regularly the buyer
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Financing GIS projects
Grants through tenders
Applicants: • natural persons, • Companies (subsidy can not be more than 30% -
EU competition law)• Public institutions
Prefinancing
Areas for investment - priorities
• Energy efficiency in domestic sector• Energy efficiency in public sector• Renewables• Transport sector - public transport• R+D? - wish to finance, but feasibility might be
problematic• LULUCF? - climate proofing, no for energy
plantations
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Enhancing energy efficieny in buildings
• High potential (important CO2 savings)• Insulation, photovoltaic cells, change of windows,
green roof, solar shading• „Passive” concepts that minimize energy
demands• Renewable-based heating systems,
(transformation of district-heating, residentialrenewable heating – biogas, heat-pumps, geothermal energy)
Conclusions
• Hungary aims to use GIS in emission reductions(gearing up energy efficiency of buildings is a good tool)
• New legal modifications will promote energyefficiency in buildings (energetic certificate – newhouses)
• Growing gas prices can induce this process• Sustainable solutions will spread in the market…
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Thank you for your attention!
rabaimo@mail.kvvm.hu
Mónika RÁBAI - Ministry for Environment and Water, Hungary
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Session 2: National Action Plans for Energy
Efficiency
Chair: Gianluca SAMBUCINI, UNECE
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18/10/2007 1The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency
The Polish Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and financialinstruments to promote efficiency in building refurbishments
Marta Mazurkiewicz, MSc.The Polish Energy Conservation Agency (KAPE)
Prof. Tadeusz Skoczkowski, Ph.D., El. Eng.
The Polish Energy Conservation Agency (KAPE)Warsaw University of Technology (WUT)
Joint Research Centre WorkshopEffective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Kraków, 13 September 2007
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 2
Polish Energy Policy till 2025 – new energystrategyPrimary energy demand in Poland in 2025. Differentscenarions
Source: Polish Energy Policy till 2025 & „European Energy and Transport, Trends to 2030” (EETT)
138,3 137 136,7130
112,9
020406080
100120140160
PEP2025 W
PEP2025 G
PEP2025 T
PEP2025 EF
EETT2030
Mto
e
Energy EfficiencyScenario
Coalscenario
Gasscenario
Accession Treaty
UE outlook
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2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 3
Total primary consumption by fuels in Poland 2004
oil24%
coal and lignite59%
biomass and wastes
4%natural gas
13%
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
[kto
e]
industry transport households agriculture services
Total in Poland: 60 Mtoe
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 4
Total final consumption and VA by sector in Poland 2004 and EU
industry30%
transport20%
agriculture8%
households31%
services11%
Agriculture, fisheries and other sectors
4%
Industry28%
Transport31%
Households26%
Services11%
Poland EU31% VA
31% VA5% VA
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Fuel structure of electricity generation in Poland (2004)
97% coal
MS electricity production in 2004
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 6
Energy in Poland
Energy dependence
Energy intensity
0,186 0,201
0,106
0,1840,157 0,152
0,221
0,529
0,2210,190
0,167
0,221
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
0,50
0,55
Poland UE-15 OECDtotal
USA Japan Germany
toe/
1000
US$
200
0
TPES/GDP TPES/GDP using PPP
Energy intensity
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2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 7
Energy intensity GDP- forecast for Poland until 2030
462,5
397,5
339,7296,1
262,7228,9
200,8
050
100150200250300350400450500
toe/
MEu
ro'0
0
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Source: prepared by KAPE S.A. on the ground of European Energy and Transport, Trends to 2030
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 8
New and old MSs sins
Energy intensity in CEE-10 countries relative to the EU-15 (2003)
Green house gas emissions of countries receiving the most EU funding (% change 1990-2004)
Source; EUROSTAT
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2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 9
EU RUE policy as seen from new MS
suffers from lack of strong political support,has been long soft and weak for long, not very demanding,not yet covering all vital sectors e.g. electrical machines,badly incorporated into other policies, e.g. environmentallack of hard legislation and fiscal incentives,regarded as being against energy sector interests,lacking financing, especially for EE investments,of peripheral importance (SS dominates over DS.) “Intelligent Energy-Europe” 2003-2007, extension 2007-2013 in the framework of competition and innovation directive (CIP)clear cut priorities in 6. and 7. Framework Program RTD
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 10
The Polish way. State of art
We know we consume to much energy on GDP. Something shall urgently be done!We are well behind the nations which started to battle energy losses after the first oil crisis RUE is crucial for competitiveness of the national energy security and economy?Energy efficiency has not been political priority for long Driving force in RUE is EU legislation and pressureWe shall be cautious not to re-invent the wheel and not to fall into the same pitfalls. We want take much from experience of others
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2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 11
Polish way to higher energy efficiency. Actions
Strict and timely implementation of EU directives on RUE/RES on least cost principle arising from national conditionsRUE/RES promotion instruments shall be based as much as possibleon market incentives (green&red certificates in place, white certificates?)Great attention shall be paid to raising public awareness. Education at all levelsPublic authorities shall enable by different programmes to save energy to all those who want to be active in the gamePromotion, research and demonstration activities shall be closely coupled with EU initiatives (IE-E, 7. FP RTD)RUE/RES investments shall be co-financed with in the EU Structural Funds
Latest initiations in RUE– Mastering the Thermomodrenisation Law (1998-….)– Phare Sustainable Energy Poland (2003-2005)– Polish-Japan Energy Efficiency Center (2004-2008)– Polish Energy Efficient Motor Programme (2004-2008). GEF funds
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 12
Potential of energy efficiency in Poland
Potential of final energy reduction
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
National goal for MS according to 2006/32/EC
Fina
l ene
rgy
cons
umpt
ion
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Energy Efficiency Action Plan
9% energy savings in 20162% energy savings in 2010 (intermediate aim)
Energy efficiency in buildings program main points:– Thermomodernization fund (ongoing),– Energy efficiency certificates for buildings (2008)– Information campaign –energy efficiency in households
(2008),– White certificates (2009).
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 14
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
31.12.2007 31.12.2008 31.12.2009 31.12.2010 31.12.2011 31.12.2012 31.12.2013 31.12.2014 31.12.2015 31.12.2016
Aim
, [kt
oe]
thermom odernization expenditure:2008 - 356 m ln zł2009 - 356 m ln zł2010 - 356 m ln zł
(2007 - 250 m ln zł)
0,59% - Start: (31.12.2007) 1.01.2008
annual increase of energy savings: 0,47%
2%
7%linear scenario
Extensive scenario
Intensive scenario
annual increase of energy savings: 1,166%
Scenarios and targets
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•moderate involvement of government,•Energy efficiency Act since 01.07.2009•Delay in energy agency appointment,•Insufficient Energy Efficiency Fund.
•aim 9% realised because of great effort in last 2-3 years,• aim 2% not realised.
Extensive
•Intensive involvement of government,•Energy efficiency Act since 01.07.2008•Not sufficient Energy Efficiency Fund,•Effective energy agency,•Effective implementation of market mechanisms, i.e. white certificates,
•aim 9% realised,•aim 2% realised with effort or nearly realised,•Accelerated realisation after 2010,
Linear
•Intensive involvement of government, •Energy Efficiency Act from 01.07.2008,•Strong Energy Efficiency Fund,•Effective energy agency,•Effective nationwide information campaign,•Effective implementation of market mechanisms, i.e. white certificates
•aim 9% not threatened during all period•aim 2% realised or slightly exceeded,
Intensive
RealisationAimsScenarios
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 16
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Thermomodernisation Fund
Energy auditors trainings
Implementation of EEAP
Energy Agency functioning
NCS 2007-2013 funds
Participation in IEE 2007-2013 and RTD
Energy Efficiency Project GEF
Information campaign
Energy Efficiency Act
Intensifying of RTD Energy efficiency priorities in National RTD Programm
White certificates
Voluntary agreements
National Energy Efficiency Fund
Energy Efficiency Experts educatiion
Action Plan Schedule
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2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 17
* *Energy efficient cogenerationEnergy production
*Obligation of green procurement for public sectorEnergy using products
*ESCO promotingEnergy services
* *Energy efficient street lightingEnergy services
*Energy efficient lightingBuildings
* *ThermomodernizationBuildings
* *Implementation of building directiveBuildings
* *Biofuels market risingTransport
*Transport and infrastructure managing systemsTransport
*Trainings for drivers on eco-drivingTransport
* *Plans of sustainable public transportTransport
* *Energy management systemIndustry
* *Energy audit Industry
* *Voluntary agreements Industry
Priority** Highest * HighActionsSector
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Ecology Policy
Energy Efficiency&RES Strategies
Energy Policy
Climate Policy
STRATEGIES
Environment Directive
European Programs
CIP • IE-E
7 Frame Program RTD • Energy • Environment
Energy Directive
LAW
ECCP
Action Plan EE
Green Book Energy Safety
Green Book EE
Kyoto Protocol
Energy Law
Local Sustainable Energy
Environment Law
ISO 14000
Clean fossile fuels
Energy use reduction
Dust reduction
SO2 reduction
GOALS
CO2 reduction
EMAS
MEASURES
Action Plan EE&RES
BAT
EU ETS
FINANCING
National Support Framework
Cohesion Fund
Structural Funds
Norwegian Financial Mechanism
Commercial sources
PPP
I N T E R N A T I ON A L
N A T I ON A L
European Initiatives
Lizbon Strategy
Technical Standards
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2007-10-18 19
Funding flow
EU level MS’s
national level
Regional level
Local levelEnd-users
Sub-national level
Structural Funds (SF)Cohesion Fund (CF)
INTERREGNorwegian Financial Mechanism
7. FP RTDIEECIP
National co-financing to SF and CFBank loans
Operational ProgrammesRegional Programmes
World Bank Energy Efficiency FundEIB/EU Risk Sharing Finance Facility
Eco-fundThermo-modernization ActPrivate & PPP White Certificates (2008?)Energy Efficiency Fund (2008?)
World BankEBRDEIB
Individual activities
Policy, legislation flow
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Energy efficiency projects financing sources in Poland
International sources
REEEP
National sources
Energy Efficiency Project financing sources
EBRD
EIB
EU ETS
IEE
7 PR RTD
EcoFund
RFEP&WM
NFEP&WM
National Energy Efficiency Fund
Energy Efficiency Project GEF
PEMP
Cohesion Fund in frame of OP
Structural Funds in frame of OP
EU Funds
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National Cohesion Strategy 2007-2013
Operational Programme Infrastructure and Environment
One of the goals:
Investments that will ensure a long-term energy safety in Poland through diversification of supplies, decrease of energy consumption and energy losses, and the development of renewable energy sources
Funds: CF, EFRR, state budget, private means
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 22
NCS organizational and management structure
National Cohesion Strategy
Community Support Framework
Operational ProgramOperational Program
Priority1 Priority 2 Priority 3
Activity 1.1
Activity 1.2
Activity 1.3
Ministry of Regional Development – Managing Authority
Ministry of Economy – Intermediate Body of the I level
Intermediate Body of the II level
Final Beneficiaries
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National Cohesion Strategy 2007-2013Operational Programme Infrastructure and Environment
Priority line X: Environment-friendly energy infrastructure Within this priority the support will be given to the measures which increase the amount of primary energy in energy sector, decreaseenergy intensity of public sector and increase the production of energy from renewable energy sources (including biofuels).
Types of beneficiaries:– enterprises – units of local self-government and their associations,– units of government administration,– churches and confessional groups,– non-governmental organisations, associations and other public institutions.
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 24
Funds sources OP I&E
1 920,826 616,22
36 385,32
21 511,06
6 337,21
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
30 000
35 000
40 000
Total UE State bugdet Private means
mln
Eur
o EFRR
FS
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Activities of Priority line X
10.1 Highly efficient energy generation,
10.2 Efficient energy distribution,
10.3 Thermomodernisation of public utility buildings,
10.4 RES generation,
10.5 Biofuel energy generation,
10.6 RES industry development,
10.7 Power grid for RES.
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 26
National Cohesion Strategy 2007-2013Operational Programme Infrastructure and Environment
Priority line IV: Initiatives aimed at adjusting the enterprises to the requirements of environment protection
Types of beneficiaries:– enterprises
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Funds Infrastructure and Environment Operational Programme
Health1%
Higher Education2%Culture
2%Energy6%
Environment18%
Transport71%Priority line X - 732 mln Euro from UE
Priority line XI - 974 mln Euro from UEPriority line IV - 200 mln Euro from UE
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 28
Share of EE/RE allocations in total EU funding in CEE countries for 2007-2013
Source: CEE Bankwatch Network and Friends of the Earth Europe
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Comparison of EE/RE measures and allocations in the draft Operational Programmes of CEE countries
Source: CEE Bankwatch Network and Friends of the Earth Europe
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 30
EU funds allocation in OPs
At least 5% of all EU funds in each member state should be allocated for EE/RE priorities inclusion of the following measures should be considered in the OPs of each member state:
– promoting energy efficiency and renewable energies in industry and the use of waste heat in enterprises
– energy-efficient refurbishment of the housing sector – renovation of high-rise residential buildings and social housing with energy saving measures and systematic integration of RE technologies.
– energy-efficient refurbishment of public buildings (hospitals, schools, state and municipal buildings)
– renovation of municipal district heating systems, replacing fossil fuels with biomass, cogeneration and integration of solar and geothermal sources
– renovation of public lighting systems
– savings in the energy sector (distribution of heat and electricity)
– support for renewable energy investments: renovation of existing energy sources and installation of new RE systems; including biomass, wind, solar, geothermal and small hydro
– support for cogeneration of heat and electricity
– energy audits for households, training for businesses and craftsmen, networking between municipalities, awareness campaigns
Energy-saving measures and RE technologies should be systematically integrated into other priorities and measures in the OPs – for example any investments in buildings and housing
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Intelligent Energy for Europe (2003-2006)
The community’s support programme for actions in the field of energy efficiency and renewable energy sources:
– provides financial support to local, regional and national initiatives in the fields of renewable energies, energy efficiency and energy aspects of transport;
– reinforces the “renewable energies” (ALTENER) and “efficient energy “(SAVE) fields; updates the existing international action (COOPENER) and introduces a new field of action: “energy in transport” (STEER).
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 32
LIFE III - Environment
LIFE III, the Financial Instrument for the Environment, is one of the main tools of the European Union's environmental policy:– The specific objective of LIFE-Environment is to contribute
to the development of innovative, integrated techniques and methods, as well as to the future development of Community environment policy.
– Project proposals may be presented by all legal entities established in Member States; the participation of SMEs is particularly encouraged.
– Proposals must be presented by a single applicant but the collaboration of other participants within a partnership may be foreseen
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Other Programmes
The 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (2007-2013)The three key priorities for energy are:– Energy efficiency and renewable energies– Clean coal technologies– Nuclear waste management
INTERREG III – promotes cross-border, trans-national and inter-regional co-
operation; – financed by the ERDF:
URBAN II – sustainable development of urban areas: support
innovative strategies to regenerate cities and declining urban areas;
– financed by the ERDF
2007-10-18 The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency 34
Conclusions
Energy security, environment and economic competitiveness await substantial improvements of energy efficiencyEnergy efficiency law and action plan are envisaged by government in the near future?Small end users are not supported by any programs or mechanism of energy efficiency improvementsStructural funds are for the first to finance energy efficiency in Poland; insufficientientfunds allocated
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Building sector and financing ofbuilding refurbishment
List of suggested procuration
34Open2010Saving electrical energy in the sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
HOUSEHOLDS
263Open2009Energy labeling of domesticelectric appliances
HOUSEHOLDS
63Open2001Education and awareness– state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in householders
HOUSEHOLDS
8Open2001Loans from Cities andmunicipalities for modernization of housingfund
HOUSEHOLDS
260Open2000Subsidy from State fund for Housing Development -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings
HOUSEHOLDS
517Open2001Refurbishment of panel building -„Programme PANEL“
HOUSEHOLDS
1311Open1995Support of modernizationhousing fund
HOUSEHOLDS
2008 – 2010Contribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion of ValidityStart of Validity
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Graph of households (2008-2010)
0%11%
21%
3% 11% 1%
53%
Support of modernizationhousing fund
Refurbishment of panelbuilding -„Programme PANEL“
Subsidy from state fund fordevelopment of living -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings)
Loans from Cities andmunicipalities formodernization of housingfund
Education and awareness–state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in households
Energy labeling of domesticelectrical appliances
Saving electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
HOUSEHOLDS (2011 – 2013)
102Open2010Saving electrical energy in the sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
HOUSEHOLDS
789Open2009Energy labeling of domesticelectrical appliances
HOUSEHOLDS
101Open2001Education and awareness –state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in households
HOUSEHOLDS
11Open2001Loans from Cities andmunicipalities for modernization of housingfund
HOUSEHOLDS
332Open1998Subsidy from state fund for development of living -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings)
HOUSEHOLDS
700Open2001Refurbishment of panel building -„Programme PANEL“
HOUSEHOLDS
1480Open1995Support of modernizationhousing fund
HOUSEHOLDS
2011 – 2013Contribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion of ValidityStart of Validity
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Graph of households (2011-2013)
43%3%
22%
3%20%
9%
0%
Support of modernizationhousing fund
Refurbishment of panelbuilding -„Programme PANEL“
Subsidy from state fund fordevelopment of living -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings)
Loans from Cities andmunicipalities formodernization of housingfund
Education and awareness –state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in households
Energy labeling of domesticelectric appliances
Saving electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
102Open2010Saving electrical energy in the sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
HOUSEHOLDS
789Open2009Energy labeling of domesticelectric appliances
HOUSEHOLDS
128Open2001Education and awareness –state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in households
HOUSEHOLDS
12Open2001Loans from Cities andmunicipalities for modernization of housingfund
HOUSEHOLDS
348Open1998Subsidy from state fund for development of living -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings)
HOUSEHOLDS
740Open2001Refurbishment of panel building -„Programme PANEL“
HOUSEHOLDS
1456Open1995Support of modernizationhousing fund
HOUSEHOLDS
2014 – 2016Contribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion of ValidityStart of Validity
HOUSEHOLDS (2014 – 2016)
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Graph of households (2014-2016)
40%3%
22%
4%21%
10%0%
Support of modernizationhousing fund
Refurbishment of panelbuilding -„Programme PANEL“
Subsidy from state fund fordevelopment of living -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings)
Loans from Cities andmunicipalities formodernization of housingfund
Education and awareness –state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in households
Energy labeling of domesticelectrical appliances
Saving electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
238Open2010Saving electrical energy in the sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
HOUSEHOLDS
1841Open2009Energy labeling of domesticelectrical appliances
HOUSEHOLDS
292Open2001Education and awareness–state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in households
HOUSEHOLDS
31Open2001Loans from Cities andmunicipalities for modernization of housingfund
HOUSEHOLDS
940Open1998Subsidy from state fund for development of living -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings)
HOUSEHOLDS
1957Open2001Refurbishment of panel building -„Programme PANEL“
HOUSEHOLDS
4246Open1995Support of modernizationhousing fund
HOUSEHOLDS
TotalContribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion of ValidityStart of Validity
HOUSEHOLDS (summary)
Michal BUBENIK - Czech Energy Agency, Czech Republic
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Graph of households (Total contribution)
0%
10%21%
3% 19% 2%45%
Support of modernizationhousing fund
Refurbishment of panelbuilding -„Programme PANEL“
Subsidy from state fund fordevelopment of living -(Renovation of appartmentbuildings)
Loans from Cities andmunicipalities formodernization of housingfund
Education and awareness–state support for activitiesfocused on reducing of heatconsumption in households
Energy labeling of domesticelectrical appliances
Saving electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting ofhouseholds
MUNICIPALITIES (2008 – 2010)
338Open2009Implementation ofagreement of„ENERGY STAR“ for office devices
TERTIARY (Municipal) SECTOR
257Open2010Saving of electricalenergy in the sphereof lighting in municipalsector and public lighting
TERTIARY (Municipal) SECTOR
63Open1995Supply and support ofenergy services by thehelp of EPC method in municipal sector
TERTIARY (Municipal) SECTOR
2008 - 2010 Contribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion ofValidity
Start of Validity
Michal BUBENIK - Czech Energy Agency, Czech Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Graph of tertiary (2008 - 2010)(municipalities)
51% 39%10%
Supply and support of energyservicies by the help of EPCmethod in municipal sector
Saving of electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting inmunicipal sector and publiclighting
Implementation of agreementof „ENERGY STAR“ for officedevices
MUNICIPALITIES (2011 – 2013)
453Open2009Implementation ofagreement of „ENERGY STAR“ for office devices
TERTIARY(Municipal) SECTOR
771Open2010Saving of electricalenergy in the sphere oflighting in municipalsector and public lighting
TERTIARY(Municipal) SECTOR
73Open1995Supply and support ofenergy servicies by thehelp of EPC method in municipal sector
TERTIARY(Municipal) SECTOR
2011 - 2013 Contribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion ofValidity
Start of Validity
Michal BUBENIK - Czech Energy Agency, Czech Republic
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Graph of tertiary (2011 - 2013)(municipalities)
35%59%
6%
Supply and support of energyservicies by the help of EPCmethod in municipal sector
Saving of electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting inmunicipal sector and publiclighting
Implementation andagreement of „ENERGYSTAR“ for office devices
MUNICIPALITIES (2014 – 2016)
410Open2009Implementation ofagreement of „ENERGY STAR“ for office devices
TERTIARY(Municipal) SECTOR
771Open2010Saving of electricalenergy in the sphere oflighting in municipalsector and public lighting
TERTIARY(Municipal) SECTOR
84Open1995Supply and support ofenergy servicies by thehelp of EPC method in municipal sector
TERTIARY(Municipal) SECTOR
2014 - 2016 Contribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion ofValidity
Start of Validity
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Graph of tertiary (2014 - 2016)(municipalities)
32%61%
7%
Supply and support of energyservicies by the help of EPCmethod in municipal sector
Saving of electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting inmunicipal sector and publiclighting
Implementation andagreement of „ENERGYSTAR“ for office devices
MUNICIPALITIES (summary)
1201Open2009Implementation andagreement of„ENERGY STAR“ for office devices
TERTIARY
1799Open2010Saving of electricalenergy in the sphereof lighting in municipalsector and public lighting
TERTIARY
220Open1995Supply and support ofenergy servicies by the help of EPC method in municipalsector
TERTIARY
TotalContribution [ TJ ]
Conclusion ofValidity
Start of Validity
Michal BUBENIK - Czech Energy Agency, Czech Republic
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Graph of tertiary (Total contribution)(municipalities)
37%56%
7%
Supply and support of energyservicies by the help of EPCmethod in municipal sector
Saving of electrical energy inthe sphere of lighting inmunicipal sector and publiclighting
Implementation andagreement of „ENERGYSTAR“ for office devices
Survey of promotedEnergyPerformanceContracting
projects•• SchoolSchool sectorsector :: 35 35 projectsprojects
•• PrivatePrivate sectorsector :: 3 3 projectsprojects
•• HealthHealth serviceservice :: 6 6 projectsprojects
•• MunicipalitiesMunicipalities :: 3 3 projectsprojects
•• CulturalCultural :: 1 1 projectproject
73%
2%6%
13%
6%
School sector
Private sector
Health service
Municipalities
Cultural
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SurveySurvey ofof promotedpromoted EEnergynergy CContractingontractingprojectsprojects
•• MunicipalitiesMunicipalities :: 1 1 projectproject
•• PrivatePrivate sectorsector :: 1 1 projectproject
EEnergynergy SServiceervice COCOmpaniesmpaniesin in CzechCzech RepublicRepublic
•• EnergyEnergy servicesservices CompaniesCompanies MethodMethod ((numbernumber ofof projectsprojects))
• MVV Energie CZ, s. r. o. Praha EPC (11)• MARTIA a.s., Ústí nad Labem EPC (10)• SIEMENS, s. r. o., Praha EPC (9)• Středisko pro úspory energie, s. r. o., Most EPC (8) • ENESA, a. s., Praha EPC (4)• EVČ, s. r. o., Pardubice EPC (4)• TestProg, s. r. o., Trutnov EPC (3)• Honeywell, spol. s r. o., Praha EPC (1)• ACTHERM, spol. s r. o., Praha EC (1)• KOMTERM, a. s., Praha EC (1)
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FutureFuture plansplans•• ProgrammeProgramme : PROGRES
•• NatureNature : Programme for support of enterprisein energy services
•• LaunchLaunch : 1. 12. 20071. 12. 2007
•• ReceiptReceipt ofof requestsrequests : from 15. 12. 200715. 12. 2007 until 30. 9. 200830. 9. 2008
•• GuarantorGuarantor : Ministry of Industry and Trade
•• Type Type ofof projectproject : EPC form (ESCO companies)
•• CreditCredit interestinterest : 2,5 % pa (per annum)
•• TemporarilyTemporarily unun--limitedlimited
•• BudgetBudget : approx. € 350 000 000 = 1 000 000 000 CZK
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ThankThank youyou for for youryour attentionattention !!!!!!
Michal Bubeník michal.bubenik@ceacr.cz
Michal BUBENIK - Czech Energy Agency, Czech Republic
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Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
The Latvian Action Plan for EnergyEfficiency, programmes and
financial instruments to promoteefficiency building refurbishments
Dr. Dagnija Blumberga, Institute of Energy Systems and Environment,
Riga Technical University, Dr. Marika Rochas,
Ekodoma, Ltd
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
ContentActors in Energy Building Energy EfficiencyfieldAnalysis of Latvian Action Plan for EnergyEfficiency. Period 2008 – 2010 (LAP)Programmes and Financial Instruments forenergy efficiency in buildings
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Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Actors in Energy BuildingEnergy Efficiency field
Ministry of EconomyBuilding DepartmentEnergy Department
Ministry of EnvironmentDepartment of Climate Changes and Renewable Sources
AgenciesHousing AgencyLatvian Investment and Development Agency
Ministry of Regional Development and Local GovernmentsMinistry of Finances
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Development of ActionPlan
Worked out by Ministry of Economyof LatviaApproved by Cabinet of Ministry ofLatvia in June, 2007First discussion in Latvia will beSeptember 20 – 21, 2007
Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
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Consumption of Energy ofEnd Users (source LAP)
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
PJ
Lauksaimniecība
Pakalpojumi
Rūpniecība
Transports
Mājsaimniecības
Agriculture
Service
Industry
Transport
Households
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Indicative Target (source LAP)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Vidējai
2000
-2004
Mērķi
s (9%)
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2001-2005
Atsauces enerģijas patēriņš
Enerģijas ietaupījuma indikatīvais mērķis - 9%
Enerģijas ietaupījuma indikatīvais mērķis - 9%
Ietaupījuma starpposma mērķis - (~1.5%)reference 9% ~ 1,5% 9%
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Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Indicative Target
Indicative target for 2016 3483 GWh
Indicative target for 2010 581 GWh
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Measures for EE improvementHousing sector
Energy audits in buildingsEnergy efficiency improvement in blockhousesEnergy efficiency improvement in publicbuildingsInformation of energy end usersLegislation for energy efficiencyimprovement in buldings
Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
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Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Measures for EE improvement. Services
Information campaign about lightingefficiency in officesInformation campaign about efficiency ofcomputers in officesInformation campaign about labeling ofelectrical devices
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Measures for EE improvement. Industry
Information flow about efficiency oftechnological procesesImprovement of energy efficiency oflightingEnergy audits in industrial enterprises
Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
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Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Measures for EE improvement. Transport
Technical control of carsImprovement of efficiency of transport flow inmain street in RigaIntegration of railway in transport flow in RigaChanges in taxation of cars (volume and age)Dissimination of information about approachesand technologies to reduce energy consumption
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Measures for EE improvement. Agriculture
SAPARD programme for structural reformsand support of countryside developmentCountryside development programme 2007 - 2013
Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
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Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
State roleCorrection of Public Procurement Lawaccording to Directive 2006/32/ECNew public buildings – will be builtaccording to BAT principles andrequirements of Energy PerformanceDirective
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Programmes for Energy Efficiency inBuildings
Rising AwarenessIn framework of Inteligent Energy Europe projects(Green Light; Green Label Purchase; ElTertiary, CFSEP, InoFin, e4coh etc.)Training courses organised by Riga Housing Agency, Ekodoma, Ltd etc
Financial supportMunicipal programmesEU programmesstate programmes
Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
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Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Financial Instruments for EnergyEfficiency in Buildings
Loans from Commercial banksMunicipal loans (without interest) or smallgrantsEU Cohesion fundsState grantsGreen Investment SchemeThird Party Financing
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Third Party FinancingIn Framework of IEE project InoFin
DH enterprise acts as ESCOAdvantages
no changes in O&M of buildingrepayment of loan from savingscomfort increasesreal estate value increases
Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
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Green Investment SchemeLegislation is ready - Law is accepted by Cabinetof MinistersOperator of targeted fund - GIS agency (underdiscussions) Fields investigated:
Energy efficiency in buildingsRenewable energy sources (wind, biogas, biomas, Solar)TransportStreet lighting
Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings,
Krakow,September 12-14, 2007
Thank you for attentionMore infowww.ekodoma.lv
Dagnija BLUMBERGA - Riga Technical University, Latvia
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
"The Romanian Action Plan for energy efficiency, programmes and
financial instruments to promote efficiency building refurbishments“
(The Romanian EEAP)20082008--20102010
Authors: Irina NICOLAU
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
DIRECTIVE 2006/32/ECon energy end-use efficiency and energy services
Energy efficiency- General targetssecurity of energy supplycompetitivetyenvironment protection
Improved energy end-use efficiencyto exploit potential cost-effective energy savings in an economically efficient wayto reduce dependence on energy importsto mitigate the CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions and thereby to prevent dangerous climate change
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Enhance the cost-effective improvement of energy end-use efficiency::
providing the necessary indicative targets as well as mechanisms, incentives and institutional, financial and legal frameworks to remove existing market barriers and imperfections that impede the efficient end use of energy;
creating the conditions for the development and promotion of a market for energy services and for the delivery of other energy efficiency improvement measures to final consumers.
The purpose of DIRECTIVE 2006/32/EC
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Overall national indicative energy savings target of 9 % for the ninth year of application of this Directive, to be reached by way of energy services and other energy efficiency improvement measures. Member States shall take cost-effective, practicable and reasonable measures designed to contribute towards achieving this target.
Article 4 – Energy savings targets
DIRECTIVE 2006/32/ECon energy end-use efficiency and energy services
Article 14 – Delivery terms
The National Energy Efficiency Action Plan ( NEEAP)- deadline:a first EEAP not later than 30 June 2007;a second EEAP not later than 30 June 2011;a third EEAP not later than 30 June 2014.
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
ImmediateTarget - describing a framework of policies and measures regarding the intensify of process for realising some energy savings considering the present energy saving potential.
NEEAP sets energy efficiency measures that have to be launched the next years for implementing assumed energy savings.
NEEAP Strategy - is intended to mobilise the general public and policy-makers at all levels of government, together with market actors, and to transform the internal energy market in a way that provides EU citizens with the globally most energy-efficient infrastructure, buildings, appliances, processes, transport means and energy systems
- encourages citizens to use energy in the most rational manner possible
The National Energy Efficiency Action Plan ( NEEAP)
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
NEEAP comprehend targeted sectoral and horizontal measures, as follow:
the setting of dynamic energy performance requirements for a wide range of products, buildings and services instruments for the energy transformation sector to improve the efficiency of both new and existing generating capacity and to reduce transmission and distribution losses. financing tools and economic incentives targeting all sectors, implemented in full compliance with the appliable State aid rulesincreased awareness and behavioural changeinnovation and technology
The National Energy Efficiency Action Plan ( NEEAP)
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Measures of energy efficiency improvement included in the first NEEAP as fallow :
Settlement Information and legislative measuresVoluntary Agreement and Cooperation tools ( Industrial Campaign, Long Term Agreement )Energy Services for energy savings (Third Party Financing, Energy Performance Contract )Financial tools (Incentives, Taxe exception for building authorisation for thermal refurbishment works, Cofinance of works) Energy efficiency mechanism (Energy efficiency Found)
The National Energy Efficiency Action Plan ( NEEAP)
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Priority Actions
Appliance and equipment labelling and minimum energy performance standardsBuilding performance requirements and very low energy buildings ("passive houses")Making power generation and distribution more efficientAchieving fuel efficiency of carsFacilitating appropriate financing of energy efficiency investments for small and medium enterprises and Energy Service CompaniesSpurring energy efficiency in the new Member StatesA coherent use of taxationRaising energy efficiency awarenessEnergy efficiency in built-up areasFoster energy efficiency worldwide
The National Energy Efficiency Action Plan ( EEAP) (NEEAP)
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
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12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
PROPOSED MEASURES
11.. Dynamic energy performance requirements for products, buildings and services2.2. Improving energy transformation3.3. Moving on transport4.4. Financing energy efficiency, economic incentives and energy pricing5.5. Changing energy behaviour6.6. International partnerships
The National Energy Efficiency Action Plan ( NEEAP)
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Energy saving target for Romania
[thousand toe]940***940***
Intermediate target for 2010
[thousand toe]2800**2800**
Energy saving target adopted by Romania till 2016
[thousand toe]1.876*1.876*
9% energy saving till 2016
[thousand toe]20.84020.840
Average on 2001-2005
* * Minimum value in accordance with Directive 2006/32/EC**** 13,5 % from the medium consumption during 2001 – 2005 respectively 1,5 % annual****** 4,5 % from the medium consumption during 2001 – 2005 respectively 1,5 % annual
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Energy efficiency improvement measures in residential and tertiary sector
Thermal insulation and ventilation for multilevel buildings raised during 1950-1990
Energy efficiency improvement for heating / cooling systems in individual dwellings
Promoting high efficiency cogeneration
Improvement of public lighting system
Promoting energetic efficiency household appliances and lamp use
Promoting ESCO development
RES use
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
thermal insulation of outside walls;thermal insulation of roofs;insulation of pipes fromthermic basement ;windows replacement.
Thermal insulation and ventilation for multi-storeyed buildings raised during 1950-1990
Actions for supporting energy efficiency measures
Ordinance 174/2002, and the related Law 211/2003 relating to the establishment of special measures for the thermal rehabilitation of multi-storeyed buildings :- 34 % state budget- 33 % local budget- 33 % budget of owners associations
In 2005,23 buildings 23 buildings were included and was made energetic audit and were realisedprojects for thermal refurbishments actions .In 2006, 614 buildings614 buildings were included and was made energetic audit . In 2007 will be realised projects for thermal refurbishments actions .
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Ongoing actions for measure’s implementing
For new buildingsnew buildings, starting 20072007, Energy Performance Certificate will be emited
For present buildingspresent buildings that will be sold or rented, starting 20102010, Energy Performance Certificate will be emited
Managing AuthorityManaging Authority: MDLPL: MDLPL, , INCERC.INCERC.
Thermal insulation and ventilation for multi-storeyed buildings raised during 1950-1990(continuation)
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Control actions at introduction on the market for air-conditioning and boilers for heating and hot waterConsumption establishment for individual dewellings.Promoting campaigns for RES and energy efficiency household appliances use.
Ongoing actions for measure’s implementing
Continuation of ARCE control actions at introduction on the market for air-conditioning and ISCIR for new boilers for hot water that functioning with liquid or gas fuel (G.D no. 574/2005, GD no. 1871/2005).International cooperation - Energy Intelligent Europe- REMODECE- ( measurement electricity consumption in 100 individual dewellings) - deadline: 2008.
Managing AuthorityManaging Authority : ARCE, ISCIR.: ARCE, ISCIR.
Actions for supporting energy efficiency measures
Energy efficiency improvement for heating\ cooling systemsin individual dwellings
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Through G.D no. 219/2007 were transposed in Romanian legislation the previsions of Directive 2004/8/CE regarding promotion of cogeneration based on thermal energy demand on energy intern market Bonus supporting scheme adopting and implementing for promoting high efficiency cogeneration
Promoting high efficiency cogeneration
Adopting harmonised reference value applicable at national level - deadline: 2007 Realising and implementing through G.D. „bonus” supporting scheme for promoting high
efficiency cogeneration - deadline: 2008
Managing AuthorityManaging Authority : MEF, MIRA, ANRE: MEF, MIRA, ANRE
Actions for supporting energy efficiency measures
Ongoing actions for measure’s implementing
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
National legislation that takes over acquisARCE and ANPC Control actions at introduction on the market for householder appliances.Information Campagnes for householder.
In 2006 -Regional Project: UNDP-GEF regarding implementation of energy efficient standards and labeling in the candidate countries UE ".
International cooperation - Energy Intelligent Europe- : CEECAP – Implementation of EU policyconcerning householder appliances, in Central and East Europe" ( ongoing 2007-2008).
Promoting energetic efficiency household appliances and lamp use
Promoting and supporting incandescent lamps replacement by energetic efficient lamps and appliances for obtaining consumption reduction During 2008-2010:
Promoting G.D. for supporting refrigeration appliances, washing machines and air-conditioning replacement, through state budget (50 Euro bonus for acquireing A/A+ appliances ) - deadline: 2009
Managing AuthorityManaging Authority : MEF, ARCE: MEF, ARCE
Actions for supporting energy efficiency measures
Ongoing actions for measure’s implementing
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
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12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
to apply Energy Performance Contract for implementing energy efficiency measures and for guaranteeing energy savings by ESCO
ARCE campaigns of promoting ESCO development in Romania (seminaries for applying energy efficiency legislation in municipalities, companies from industrial sector during 2003-2006)
in 2007: Realising one MEF study from research-developement Programm regarding introduction ways in Romania of Directive 32/2006/CE measures that states as:
• analysing supporting ways for energy efficiency raise Programmes (white certificates, ESCO, Energy Performance Contract)
• Performance Contract realising as supporting mechanism for ESCO-s• identifying and removing barriers existing in Romania regarding ESCO -s.
PHARE study on the point of starting regarding financial incentives mechanisms development for energy efficiency - deadline: 2008
during 2008-2010: Legislative framework elaboration for ESCO-s developement
Managing AuthorityManaging Authority : MEF, ARCE: MEF, ARCE
Actions for supporting energy efficiency measures
Ongoing actions for measure’s implementing
Promoting ESCO development
ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Informational Champagnes during 2003-2006 (ARCE)Renewable Expo Tehnology in 2006 and 2007The National program for the reduction of energy costs for the population, by increasing energy efficiency and using renewable sources of energy- in 2006 and 2007
RES useRES use
during 2008 2008 -- 2010:2010:• a G.D will be initiated for promoting investments Programmes designed to RES use for electricity and thermal energy production, aiming energy efficiency raise –deadline 2008• Structural founds use for RES projects.
Managing AuthorityManaging Authority : MEF, ARCE: MEF, ARCE
Actions for supporting energy efficiency measures
Ongoing actions for measure’s implementing
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ROMANIAN AGENCY FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
12 –14 September 2007 "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
Contact us:ARCE HEADQUARTERSARCE HEADQUARTERS
Tel.: +40213145929Tel.: +40213145929
Fax: +40213123197Fax: +40213123197
16 Boulevard 16 Boulevard NicolaeNicolae BalcescuBalcescu, 1st district, 1st districtRO 010052 Bucharest 37RO 010052 Bucharest 37ee--mail:nicolau@arceonline.romail:nicolau@arceonline.ro
www.arceonline.rowww.arceonline.ro
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !
Irina NICOLAU - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation, Romania
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Requirements of ESD Directive and the Hungarian Energy Efficiency
Action Plandr. László ElekEnergy Centre
Lecture at JRC-IES-meetingKrakow, 13. September 2007.
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
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The Energy Service Directive 2006/32/EC
• To promote cost-effective EE in EU Member States through obligations and the removal of institutional , financial and legal barriers
• To promote the development of a sustainable market for EE and energy services
• To introduce an exemplary role of public sector in the EEAP• To organise the market for Energy services
– Stakeholders should provide aggregate statistics to the final consumers– To remove obstacles of energy services– Requirements for the promotion of competitively priced energy services,
energy audits or contribution funds– Voluntary agreements or market oriented schemes such as white
certificates are suggested
The Scope of ESD Directive
• Covers all energy end-use suppliers (distributors and retailers of electricity, natural gas, district heating, transport fuels etc.)
• Covers all end-use sectors– Household– Tertiary– Non-energy intensive industries– Transport– Agriculture
• Emissions trading sector excluded
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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The target of ESD Directive
• 9-year 9% indicative target (1% cumulative annual savings ) measured from 1.1.2008 until 31.12.2016.
• Fixed amount of energy (PJ) as 1% of 5-year average of unadjusted final consumption
• Credit for some „early actions” >1995. But effects must be measurable after 2008.
• All measures must be verifiable and measurable or estimable (See Annexes I, II, III, IV.)
Cumulative savings for Hungary for ESD Directive
Cumulative savings for ESD
729,8728,6715,4708,3701,3694,4687,5680,7674,0667,3665,7660,7620,5634,7 597,4
53,77
30 36 42 48 542418126
0
100
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300
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900
2003
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2007
refe
renc
e
targ
et s
avin
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2014
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2016
PJ
savings
consumption
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Public Sector Obligations
• The Public Sector in Member States will be obliged to:• Fulfil an exemplary role• Publish energy efficiency guidelines as assessment criteria in tendering for
public contracts • Select two mandatory measures from list in Annex VI, requiring energy
efficient public procurement, energy audits and energy performance contracting
Obligation on Energy Suppliers
• Member States and suppliers to promote energy services & energy efficiency measures
• Obligation for energy distribution and/or retail energy sales companies to choose between :– Energy services, energy audits, energy efficiency measures or contribute to an
energy efficiency fund– Voluntary agreements and/or market oriented schemes
• Energy companies to help remove market barriers and not hinder EE market development
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Availability of Information
• Member States to make sure that information about ESD Directive is widely distributed to relevant market actors
• Member States to establish appropriate conditions for providing information to final customers
• The Commission to facilitate best practice exchange and dissemination
Distribution tariffs
• Schemes and tariffs with a social aim may be permitted
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Energy audits
• Member States to ensure the wide availability of high quality independent energy audit schemes
• To be carried out is an independent manner
Metering
• Energy suppliers to provide to electricity, natural gas, DH and domestic hot water customers, when technically possible and cost-effective: competitively priced individual meters that accurately reflects consumption
• With meter replacement, such meters shall always be provided, unless technically impossible or not cost-effective
• When a new connection is made as a result of a new building or a major renovation, such meters shall always be provided
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Major pillars of Hungarian EEAP I.
• Running EE-actions– Modernisation of pre-fabricated panels– Modernisation of dwellings with traditional technologies– Energy Efficiency Revolving Fund for the investments of business sector
(soft loan)– Environmental friendly energy management (EIOP) (financial assistance)– Billing based on metering in DH– „Apple of our eyes” modernisation program for EE of public education– EE advisory network for household sector– Weight tax on cars
Major pillars of Hungarian EEAP II.
• EE-actions with legal measures– Obligatory employment of energy experts for large consumers– Obligatory energy reporting for large consumers– To set up EE-guidelines for public procurements– To set up minimum efficiency standards for office equipment– Energy labelling for electric water-heaters and gas water-heaters– Voluntary agreement with energy intensive sub sectors for reduction of
energy consumption
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Major pillars of Hungarian EEAP III.
• EE-measures with subsidies (financial assistance)– Energy certificate for buildings– Periodic mandatory inspection of household boilers– Subsidies for buying energy efficient refrigerators and freezers– Subsidies for buying energy efficient CFL-lamps– Better financial conditions for ESCO-s with tax reduction– State subsidies for energy audits in industry– Elaboration of EE-training materials for primary schools
Stressed measures of EEAP I.
• Environment and Energy Operative Programme (2007-2013)– Public institutions– Municipality institutions– Small and medium enterprises of industry
• General Subsidy Rate 10-50% (12-17% for modernisation of heating, 8-12% for modernisation of lighting)
• Subsidised activities– Reduction of energy consumption in public and municipality
buildings– Modernisation of lighting systems in public and municipality
buildings– Additional thermal insulation, replacement of windows and doors
for public and municipality buildings– Change of boilers for public and municipality buildings– To build regulation for heating systems
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Stressed measures of EEAP II.
• Third party financing within EEOP (successor of „Apple of our Eyes”for public education institutions)– For public and municipality institutions– An ESCO-company will be involved for financing
• Additional thermal insulation• Replacement of windows and doors• To build regulation for heating• To change of boilers• To regulate of boilers
• Modernisation of lighting
Stressed measures of EEAP III.
• Modernisation of pre-fabricated panels– The Hungarian insulation standards have not been reached the EU-requirements– A lot of dwelling is needed heating reconstruction, window or door replacement and
additional thermal insulation– Objective of this grant: additional thermal insulation of building envelope,
replacement of windows and doors, modernisation of heating systems for pre-fabricated panels
– Max.share of grant 33% of total costs• Billing based on metering in District Heating
– Based on the DH Law (18/1998) the DH-companies must have established the conditions for metering at each heat centre
– The flat rate bill settlement were excluded from the law– The new objective is set up: establishing of metering per heat receiving stations
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Stressed measures of EEAP IV.
• Energy certificate for buildings– It will be introduced an energy data sheet for buildings, which contains the major
EE-characteristics of the building– The owner of the building gets energy information about EE-characteristics of the
building based on this certificate– The Energy Certificate influences the price of the building– The most efficient buildings can be sold easier
• Periodic inspection of household boilers– To filter the boilers under minimum EE-standards with controlling of boilers over 5
years– The filtered boilers should be changed with a credit from the Boiler Fund
Stressed measures of EEAP V.
• Voluntary agreements– the government makes an agreement with major energy consuming
groups for following energy efficient practice– Agreements can be made
• With energy intensive branches• With producers of energy using appliances
– The objective of the agreement can be• The reduction of energy consumption• To develop more efficient appliances with better EE-indicators
– The voluntary agreements are able to influence the energy consumption of important energy consuming groups
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Selected graphs on Hungarian HH-sector
•
Stock of family houses and stock of dwellings in building with more than 4 dwellings (permanently occupied)
family house
dwelling
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
k
Stock of family houses and stock of dwellings in buildings with more than 4 dwellings (perm.
occupied)
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Average area of dwellings
Average area of dwellings
6667686970717273747576
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
m2
Unit consumption of households per dwelling (without clim. corr.)
Unit consumption of households per dwelling(withont climatic correction)
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,6
1,7
1,8
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
toe / dwelling
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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The share of natural gas within household final consumption (1990-2004)
1990
electricity12.5%
natural gas25.0%
other62.5%
2004
other24.7%
electricity15.8%
natural gas59.5%
Unit consumption of electricity of households per dwelling
Unit consumption of electricity of households per dwelling
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
kWh / dw elling
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
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ODEX-index of households
Households
80
90
100
110
120
130
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Thank You for Your Attention!
laszlo.elek@energycentre.hu
Laszlo ELEK - Energy Centre Hungary, Hungary
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Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Dipl. Ing Jan Rousek, PhD, Dr. Ing. Kvetoslava Šoltésová, CSc.
The Slovak Action Plan for Energy Efficiency, Promotion Programmes
and Instruments
JRC Workshop on Scientific Technical Reference System on Renewable Energy & Use Efficiency
Krakow 12th to 14th September 2007
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
CONTENTS
Introduction
I Analysis of the current state of energy intensity
II Conception of energy efficiency
III Existing support mechanisms – selection
IV Energy efficiency in buildings
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Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
INTRODUCTION________________________________________
In January 2006 Slovak Government approved
Energy Policy for Slovakia,
on July 4th 2007
Conception of Energy Efficiency of the Slovak Republic
resulting from the energy policy document was presented by the Ministry of Economy of the Slovak Republic and approved by the Government.
Main implementation tool of the Energy Efficiency Conception will be Action Plans for Energy Efficiency
Action Plan 1 will cover the years 2008 – 2010 and should be approved by the Government in October 2007, Action Plan 2 and Action Plan 3 will cover the years 2011 – 1013 and 2014 – 2017 respectively.
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Analysis of the current state of energy intensityEU 27 comparison
Energy intensity in EU
0,0
500,0
1000,0
1500,0
2000,0
2500,0
EU-27EU-25
EU-15EU-10
EU-12
Sloven
ia
Hunga
ry
Poland
Latvi
a
Czech
Rep
ublic
Slovak
ia
Lithu
ania
Estonia
Bulgari
a
Roman
ia
toe/
1000
EUR
200020022004
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Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Analysis of the current state of energy intensity Development of energy intensity indicators
-1,4 %+6,2 %-8,1 %-%Year on year development
413 506410 103400 383435 192TJ p.a.Final consumption
+0,3 %+2,3 %+0,6 %100 %%Year on year development
792 899802 156795 584791 707TJ p.a.Gross inland consumption
5,3 %6,0 %4,2 %100 %%Year on year development
1 065 1701 177 8921 053 762971 681106 SKKGDP (f.p. 2000)
Average 2001 -2005
200520032001
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Analysis of the current state of energy intensityFinal energy consumption
Final Consumption Structure by Sectors (2005)
34%
18%26%
4%
18% Industry &ConstructionTransport
Households
Agriculture
Commercial &Service
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Analysis of the current state of energy intensityFinal energy consumption
16%
25%
56%
2%1%
0%
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Electricity
Heat delivered
RES
Final consumption structure in households (2005)
______________________________________________________
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy efficiency conceptionThe aim and significance of the conception
o Energy efficiency = basic priority of the Energy Policy of the Slovak Republic, approved by the Slovak Government in January 2006
o Main goals of the conception:• Gradual reduction of energy intensity down to the EU level, • Providing motivation environment for energy efficient
behaviour of population and energy market partners,• Promotion of sustainable energy solutions and introduction of
new innovations and energy efficient technologies in all economy sectors.
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Energy efficiency conceptionThe aim and significance of the conception
o Conception task: the help to solve such problems that are not solved by the internal energy market• Inventory of the current knowledge of energy conservation
potentials in individual sectors of the Slovak economy• Identification of barriers• Suggested strategic aims and priorities,• Definition of energy conservation measures,• Timing of gradual steps to achieve defined aims• Provision of the implementation of suggested measures and
their monitoring.
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy efficiency conceptionThe scope and starting point of the conception
o One of the obligations as EU member country is the approximation of legislation
o Obligations in the sphere of energy efficiency arise also from our membership in other international institutions, such as Energy Charter, OECD, IEA
o Further obligations result from various international treaties and agreements for instance in the environmental field (Kyoto Protocol).
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Energy efficiency conceptionThe scope and starting point of the conception
o Conception promotes the implementation of the EU Directives and other documents related with energy efficiency into practical life:• Green Paper, 22 June 2005, "Energy Efficiency: Doing
More With Less" COM(2005)265 final of 22nd June 2005,• Communication from the Commission to the Council and to
the European Parliament: Action Plan for Energy Efficiency: Realising the Potential (COM(2006)545 final) of 19th October 2006,
• Green Paper: A European Strategy for Sustainable , Competitive and Secure Energy (COM(2006)105 final) of 8th March 2006,
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy efficiency conceptionThe scope and starting point of the conception
• Communication from the Commission to the European Council and the European Parliament: An Energy Policy for Europe (COM (2007)1) of 10th Jan. 2007,
• Commission staff working document “Limiting global climate change to 2° Celsius – the way ahead for 2020 andbeyond“ (COM(2007)2 of 10th Jan. 2007,
• Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament – “Keep Europe moving –Sustainable mobility for our continent” – EC’s Transport White Paper of 22nd June 2006,
• Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament “Renewable Energy Road Map”COM(2006)848 final of 10th January 2007
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Energy efficiency conceptionThe scope and starting point of the conception
• Directive 2004/8/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11th February 2004 On the promotion of cogeneration based on useful heat demand in the internal energy market and amending Directive 92/42/EC,
• Directive 2005/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6th July 2005 Establishing a framework for the setting of eco-design requirements for energy using products…, concerning mainly energy labeling and minimum technical efficiency of energy consuming appliances
• Directive 2006/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5th April 2006 On energy end-use efficiency and energy services,
• Regulation (EC) No 2422/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6th November 2001 On a Community energy efficiency labeling programme for office equipment (Energy Star).
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy efficiency conceptionThe scope and starting point of the conception
• Directive 2002/91/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16th December 2002 On the energy performance of buildings
In compliance with this Directive Slovak Parliament passed the Act No 555/2005 “On Energy Efficiency of Buildings” and the Decree No 625/2006 implementing this Act followed – both documents valid as of 1st January 2006
Decree 625/2006 sets details of the building performance calculation, defines the contents of energy certificate of the building and energy label. Energy certificates & energy labels obligatory as os 1st January 2008
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Energy efficiency conceptionConception aims and priorities
o Basic goals for Slovakia in the sphere of GHG emissions resulting from international contracts and agreements :• Reducing GHG emissions in the period 2008 ÷ 2012 by 8 %
comparing to the year 1990 (Kyoto Protocol) • Ensuring further 5 % reduction of GHG emissions (starting
point for the second target period) • Achieving the control over the GHG emission development
so that the increase trend could be gradually mitigated and stabilising towards 2015 could be achieved
• Providing new strategy for GHG emission reduction well in advance.
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy efficiency conceptionConception aims and priorities
o Basic goal defined by the Energy efficiency conception:to achieve annual savings in final energy
consumption of 4 135 TJ p.a. on average
This value is identical with the indicative aim resulting from the Directive 2006/32/EC on energy end-use efficiency and energy services for the period 2008 ÷ 2017, i. e. to achieve within 9 years 9 % savings in final energy consumption, taking into account the time period of the last 5 years /data for the years 2001 ÷ 2005/.
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Energy efficiency conceptionConception aims and priorities
General measures aiming at the increase of energy efficiency in Slovakia:• Preparing the set of legislative and institutional steps
providing the environment suitable for the implementation of energy efficiency measures in various sectors of the national economy,
• Providing necessary co-ordination of activities aiming at the improvement of energy efficiency within the framework of central, regional and local administration,
• Design of promotional programmes defining priorities and measures supporting energy efficiency,
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy efficiency conceptionConception aims and priorities
• Preparing energy conceptions for the regions oriented at the energy efficiency and monitoring their implementation,
• Information campaign oriented at the increase of energy awareness of consumers (energy efficiency, energy consumption & costs, availability and reliability of energy efficient technologies and resulting savings, financing possibilities etc.,
• Support for the introduction of efficient energy consumption standards.
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Existing support mechanisms Structural funds 2007-2013__________________
ERDFM. of Construction & Regional DevelopmentBratislava region11.
ERDF M. of Construction & Regional DevelopmentTechnical support10.
ESFM. of EducationEducation9.
ESFMPSVR SREmployment & social inclusion8.
ERDFM. Of Health CareHealth care7.
ERDFMinistry of Economy (Slovak Innovation & Energy Agency)
Competitiveness & economic growth 6.
ERDFM. of EducationR & D5.
ERDFSR Gov. OfficeInformation 4.
ERDF, KFM.of Transport, Posts & TelecommunicationTransport3.
ERDF, KF M. Of Environment Environment 2.
ERDFM. of Construction & Regional DevelopmentRegional operationalprogramme1.
FundResponsibleOperation programme
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Existing support mechanisms Structural funds 2007-2013__________________
Operational programmes 1 and 6 are closely linked with the energy efficiency promotion:
1. Regional operational programme – support accessible and high-quality civic and public infrastructure and improvement of transport infrastructure, infrastructure of settlements and tourism infrastructure. In compliance with Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006 On the European Regional Development Fund and its Article 7 expenditure on housing belongs to the eligible expenditure in new Member States (acceded to the EU on ar after 1st May 2004). Under priority line 4 of this programme – Communities’ Refurbishment energy efficiency improvement of buildings is covered. (sent for approval to the EC in July 2007)
6. Competitiveness & economic growth – increasing energy efficiency both at energy production and energy consumption as well, introduction of advanced technologies and wider utilisation of renewable energy sources (measure 1.4 of Operational Programme 6) .
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o Intelligent Energy – Europeo Financial Mechanism of European Economic Area
and Financial Mechanism of the Kingdom of Norway,o Swiss Financial Mechanismo Promotion of Environmental Protection Abroad
(Austria),o United Nations Development Programme,o European Investment Bank,o European Bank for Reconstruction &Development
Existing support mechanismsInternational programmes/mechanisms/funds
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy Efficiency in BuildingsHousing situation in Slovakia_______________
In one family houses 863 525
In residential buildings 851 457
Number of flats in Slovakia in 2005
Standard
ČSN 73 0540 STN 73 0540
Valid from 1964 * 1984 1992 1997 2002
GJ/dw.year 43,2 33,5 26,3 22,0 16,6
Heat consumption estimate for dwellings (related to building standards)
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Energy Efficiency in BuildingsHousing situation in Slovakia_______________
Residential buildings by years of construction
21%
55%
10% 5%5% 0%
4%
unidentified before 1900 1990-19501951-1965 1966-1985 1986-19901991-2001
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy Efficiency in BuildingsHousing situation in Slovakia_______________
55 %Heat regulating valves57 %Hydraulic balancing of heat delivery 88 %Measuring of heat input
Residential sector in Slovakia
• second largest in energy consumption
• DH in 92 % of residential (multi family) houses
• presents the biggest opportunity for energy efficiency measures
Some measures already implemented (thanks to legislation)
Jan ROUSEK - Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, Slovak Republic
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Energy Efficiency in BuildingsHousing situation in Slovakia_______________
29%
5%
19%4%20%
8%6%
9%
BBBAKENRPOTRTNZA
Additional thermal isolation of residential buildings by regions (2004)
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy Efficiency in BuildingsFinancial support of building refurbishments
History:Programme of energy conservation in residential buildings and
flats: a) additional thermal insulation - throughout 1992 – 1997 540 million SKK (56 % of costs) covered by the state budget (after 1997 until now support is granted by the State Fund for the Promotion of Housing)
b) installation of measurements & control plus refurbishment of heating installations – throughout 1993 – 1999 234 million SKK (26 % of costs) covered by the state budget
RecentState Fund for the Promotion of Housing granted in 2006 693,5
million SKK, for 2007 is planned 950 million SKK,(soft credit granted by the Fund)
Jan ROUSEK - Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, Slovak Republic
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Energy Efficiency in BuildingsDemand for financial support of building refurbishments
Analysis of financial intensity of the housing stock refurbishment:
429 343Total
33 328Costs for additional thermal insulation
23 599Repair costs for identified faults
24 652Repair costs for expected faults
66 58441 – 60
102 54331 – 40
148 78821 – 30
29 81811- 20
310 – 10
Repair and mainetenancecosts for flats
Mill. SKKBuilding ageRefurbishment activity
Source: Report on the state and demandd financial resources for housing stock refurbishment in the years 2007 - 2013 [M. of Construction & Regional Devel., 2005]
Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, www.siea.gov.sk
Energy Efficiency in BuildingsExpected financing resources
Revitalising housing stock within the period of 2007 – 2013 at the cost of over 400 billion SKK is unreal, still it provides some idea on how demanding this task will be.
Currently, following resources are available for the next years till 2013:
a) Public funds in the form of subsidies to remove system faults (800 mill.SKK) and credits from the State Fund for the Promotion of Housing (3 billion SKK)
b) Means from the individual funds for repairs & maintenance (some 40 billion SKK)
c) Credits granted by mortgage banks, building & loans associations and banks in general (some 24 billion SKK)
d) Support from the Regional Operational Programme of Structural Funds 2007 – 2013 (?)
Jan ROUSEK - Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, Slovak Republic
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Dipl. Ing. Jan Rousek, PhDjan.rousek@siea.gov.sk,
Dr. Ing. Kvetoslava Šoltésová, CSc., kvetoslava.soltesova@seabb.sk
Jan ROUSEK - Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, Slovak Republic
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
THE SLOVENIAN ACTION PLAN FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS TO PROMOTE EFFICIENCY
BUILDING REFURBISHMENTJRC Workshop: Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Krakow, September 12-14, 2007
Tomaž Fatur M.Sc.Jožef Stefan Institute – Energy Efficiency Centre, Jamova 39, Ljubljana
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
OutlineNational Energy Efficiency Action Plan
Presentation of draft Slovene NEEAPStructure of NEEAP according to the Directive 2006/32/ESStructure also according to the Template for a National Energy Efficiency Action Plan 2007NEEAP final document expected in September 2007NEEAP to be approved by the Government of Slovenia
BuildingsTransposition of Building Directive to Slovene legislationFinancial instruments for building refurbishment
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Structure of NEEAPStrategic FrameworkBaseline (reference) calculationTarget savings for period 2008 do 2016Intermediate target savings for period 2008 do 2010Sectoral instruments for energy efficiency improvements (target savings based on calculation sheets):
HouseholdsCommercialIndustryTransport
Horizontal and intersectoral instrumentsEarly actions (from 1995)Public sector instrumentsAvailability of dataFinancial structure and resources
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Strategic Framework (1/2)National energy programme (adopted in 2004) with targets for 2010 compared to 2004:
Industry and commercial 10%Buildings 10 %Public sector 15 %Transport 10 %
Common EU energy and climate policy20% RES in PE10% biofuels20% energy 202020% reduction of GHG emissionsDevelopment of energy technologies
Strategy of development for Slovenia to improve competiteveness, knowledge, efficient state, sustainable development (Lisbon strategy)National development projects 2007-2023 (incl. Sustainable Energy Programmeand Hydrogen Economy)
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Strategic Framework (2/2)National development programme 2007-2013 (part of Sustainable Energy)
Sustainable energy focuses to 3 main issues: energy efficient building refurbishment and low energy houses in public sector, electricity savings in all sectors, modern local energy supply systems (RES and CHP)basis for investments using EU fundsAction plan on environmental and transport infrastructureEU cohesion fund selected for financing, but only part of the programme can be financed through EU cohesion funds due to its naturePotential use of funds only for projects in public interest
National Climate PolicyNational environmental protection programmeAction plan on reduction of GHG emissionsBiomass action planNEC (SO2, NOx, NH3, particles?)
Slovenia’s commitments to Kyoto and RESEnergy Efficiency Programmes are unfortunately still on paper only
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Energy Intensity
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Estonija
Litva
Slovašk
a
Latvija
Poljska
Madža
rska
Slovenij
aMalt
a
Finska
Ciper
Portugals
ka
Španija
Švedsk
a
Belgija
Velika
Brita
nijaEU -2
5
Nizoze
mska
Luksem
burgIta
lijaEU-15
Francij
aIrs
ka
Avstri
ja
Dansk
a
Prim
ary
Ener
gyIn
tens
itye
[toe/
mio
EU
R95
]
199520002004
Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
CO2 Emissions
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
1986
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1986
2000
2004
TREND SHARE
Emis
sion
tren
d[1
986=
100%
]
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Industry
Energy
Transport
Services and HH
Total
Shar
e[%
]
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Strategic Framework (2/2)
Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Slovenian RES Target
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Sh
are
[%]
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
Inde
x
HPP > 10 MW Small HPP < 10 MWBiomass Sewage gasSLO Target according to Directive 2001/77/ES Growth index of RES electricityGrowth index gross energy consumption
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
National energy efficiency target for 2010 & 2016Statistic period 2001 – 2005Average final energy consumption 47.039 GWh (without ETS, incl. Army facilities)Public Costs – cca 500 M€ in period 2008-2016
2 %GWh941Intemediate energy savings 2010
9 %GWh4.233Target energy savings 2016 (9% or more)
savingsGWh47.0395-years average – final energy consumption for ETS only (w/o ETS)
Households – 25%
Other sectors (services,agriculture, forestry)
13%
Manufacturing industry(ESD) – 16%
Transport – 31%
Energy Consumption ETS15%
EnergyConsumption
ESD – 85%
Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Slovenia NEEAP measures and expected resultsNr. Name Savings 2016 Savings 2010 Public funding
2008-2016
CO2 emission reduction
2016 GWh GWh mio EUR kt CO2
HOUSEHOLDS
1 Financing EE building refurbishment and sustainable houses 297,5 66,1 35,1 78,5
2 Financing EE heating systems 89,2 19,8 39,4 77,8 3 Financing electricity savings 529,4 117,6 34,8 136,5 4 Low income households EE scheme 29,0 6,4 21,0 9,5 TOTAL (1-4) 945,1 210,0 130,3 302,4 SERVICES
5 Financing EE building refurbishment and sustainable houses 81,8 18,2 43,1 20,4
6 Financing EE heating systems 61,9 13,8 18,3 23,8 7 Financing electricity EE 566,5 125,9 16,9 126,0 8 Green public procurement (*) TOTAL (5-8) 710,3 157,8 78,2 170,2 INDUSTRY 9 Financing electricity EE (EU) 627,0 139,3 8,8 150,5 10 Financing electricity EE (SLO) 295,4 65,6 4,1 70,9 11 Financing Energy Auditing TOTAL (9-11) 922,4 205,0 12,9 221,4 TRANSPORT
12 Promotion and competitiveness of public transport 191,4 42,5 10,0 51,7
13 Promotion of sustainable transit transport 309,0 68,7 10,0 83,4 14 Private car efficiency improvement 214,2 47,6 10,0 57,8 15 Bicycle paths and cycling promotion 38,0 8,4 5,5 10,3 TOTAL (12-15) 752,6 167,2 35,5 203,2
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
National energy efficiency target for 2010 & 2016Nr. Name Savings 2016 Savings 2010 Public funding
2008-2016
CO2 emission reduction
2016 GWh GWh mio EUR kt CO2
HORIZONTAL MEASURES 16 Building Energy Performance legislation 319,0 70,9 96 17 Energy labelling and minimum standards 262,5 58,3 63
18 Energy billing based on real energy consumption (*)
19 Information, educatio, promotion and demonstration projects (*)
20 Building energy certificate (*) 21 Energy consultancy for households (*)
27,0
22 CO2 emission tax (*) 23 Energy excise tax (*) 24 Feed-in tariffs 25 CO2 emission tax reduvtion 32,4 7,2 1,0 9 26 New financial instruments (*)
27 Demand side programmes of energy distributors 289,0 64,2 15,9 87
27a DSM households 189,7 42,2 10,4 57 27b DSM services and SMEs 99,3 22,1 5,5 30
28 Consumers information on energy ocsts, billing, EE technologies etc.
Total (16-28) 902,9 200,6 43,9 254,1 AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION 29 Availability of data and information (*)
(*) N.A.
Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Households – Financing EE building refurbishment and sustainable housesTarget building stock : built before 1980 without thermal insulationTarget group: building owners, building managers, investorsEnergy efficiency measures:
Building envelope – thermal insulation 20% over national standardAttick insulation – thermal insulation 20% over national standardWindows – thermal characteristics 10% over national standardLow energy houses – new houses with energy consumption 40% lower than national standard (50.000 m2 pa)Passive houses – 15 kWh/m2 (10.000 m2 pa)
Effectiveness:650.000 m2 of building stock renovation per year (envelope, attic, windows)60.000 m2 low energy and passive houses15% subsidy planned (average costs per m2)Savings cca 8% of target savings
Instrument already in place, but substantial increase plannedFinancial construction in preparation, planned sources: CO2 tax, EU Cohesion funds (public), EU structural funds (?), electricity network chargesResponsibility: Ministry of Environment, Ecofund, Regional Government (not established yet)Horizontal measures too: building regulation, energy certificate, billing, information, excise tax, CO2 tax, energy consulting, EE promotion
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Households – Financing EE heating systemsTarget building stock : improvements in heating systemsTarget group: building owners, building managers, investorsEnergy efficiency measures:
High efficiency boilers High efficiency biomass boilersHeating system optimization – thermostatic valves, regulation, hydraulic optimization, billing according to real heat consumption, thermal substation in DH systemsWarm water solar heating Heat pumps
Effectiveness:3.500 boilers in single- and 90 in multi-dwelling buildings per year (20-40% subsidy)Heating optimization in 3.000/300 buildings (10-20% subsidy)10.000m2 thermal solar per year (20% subsidy)500 heat pumps per year (30% subsidy)Savings cca 150 GWh
Instrument already in place, but substantial increase plannedFinancial construction in preparation, planned sources: CO2 tax, EU Cohesion funds (public), EU structural funds (?), electricity network chargesResponsibility: Ministry of Environment, Ecofund, Regional Government (not established yet)Horizontal measures too: building regulation, energy certificate, billing, information, excise tax, CO2 tax, energy consulting, EE promotion
Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Early Actions and Public Sector Specific MeasuresEarly actions include activities from 1995 onwardsOverview of energy efficiency results was minor disapointementOnly some 0,5% can be claimed on early actionsEarly action will not be included within planned 9% energy saving targetActivities include:
Financial instruments (revolving fund, Ecofund, subventions)Promotional activitiesDemonstration projectsLegislation
Public sector measuresFinancial instrumentsGreen public procurementBuilding Energy PerformanceBilling based on actual consumptionTaxes, Feed-in tariffs Energy Services / ESCO DSMInformation
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Information and consultancy
Leaflets, brochures, bulletin, web pagesSeminars for landlords, engineering andinstallation personellFree advice for householdsEnergy auditing of multi-dwellingbuildings
Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Existing subsidy for building renovation investments
Billing based on actual demand: up to 30 % of investmentHeating system regulation ( thermostatic valves and hydraulic optimizationogrevanja): up to 30 % of investmentThermal insulation, windows etc.: up to 30 % of investmentYearly tenders, financial source: budget
EcoFund subsidies for energy efficiency, DH, RES (and also hybrid cars), bothprivate, commercial and public investors
Planned sources: electricity network charges (for energy efficiency), CO2 tax(transfer to regional governments – not established yet), EU Cohesion funds (public), EU structural funds (?)
Jozef Stefan Institute
Energy Efficiency CentreC E
EU
C
Building regulation (according to Building Directive)Building directive not yet transposed into Slovene legislationTransposed into Environmental Law (building energy certiciface, boilerinspection, HVAC inspection)Existing legislation on thermal insulation, inspection of boilers, HVAC equipmentComplicated legislation on energy consumption calculationEnergy Law - changes:
Feasibility study on alternative energy supply for buildingsEnergy certificates of buildings (mandatory public buildings!)HVAC inspectionCertified experts for building energy certificate
Law on Building Construction - changes:Regulation on building energy efficiency (draft)
Methodology for energy efficiency calculationMinimum standards for energy efficiency
All necessary changes expected in 2007!
Tomaz FATUR - Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Randall Bowie and Susanne DyrbølRockwool International A/S
Implementation of EU Policies and Measures for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Outline of presentation
Background – Energy Efficiency of buildingsEU legislation – highlights of implementation
EPBD ESD NEEAP’sEU Action plan on Energy Efficiency
Conclusions
Randall BOWIE - Rockwool International
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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33%of all energy in Europe is
used for transport
26%of all energy in Europe is
used by industry
41%of all energy in Europe is
used by buildings
2/3 of energy consumption in buildings is used for heating and
cooling.
Energy efficiency of buildings - status
80% of energy consumption is used in small buildings
< 1000 m2
Only approx. 1-2 % new buildings constructed per year
In order to achieve significant savings within the building sector, focus has to be on improving existing buildings
Why focus on energy efficiency of buildings?
Randall BOWIE - Rockwool International
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Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
Energy Services Directive Action Plan onEnergy Efficiency
-Calculation Methodology - Improved requirements for
new Buildings- Renovation Requirements- Performance Certification- Regular Inspection
- 9% improvement in EE- Requirements within Public
Procurement- New role for Energy Suppliers- Co-financing of EE in Buildings- Metering & Billing
- Minus 20% in 2020- Passive Houses from 2015- Improvements in EPBD- Improved financing &
and incentives
Market effect: 2007 onwards
Energy Efficiency in Buildings - 3 EU waves
NEW BUILDINGS EXISTING BUILDINGS BOTH TYPES
Market effect: 2009 onwards
Market effect: 2010 onwards
EPBD – Strengthening of building codes
18%Belgium*Only Flanders
20% residential27% non-residential
United Kingdom
30%(only when direct electric heating is used)
Sweden20% Spain
20-25% (from August 2009)Norway
20% (residential, requirement epc = 0.8) Non-residential will follow
Netherlands
15-20%Italyapprox 30%Hungary
15%France
25-30%Denmark
Strengthening in energy consumption
new buildings – introduced with EPBD implementationMember State
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√Austria
Unspecified delayIreland
Draft plan deliveredHungary
√Greece
Delayed until AutumnGermany
Draft plan delivered. The plan will be revised after the French “Grenelle de l’environnement” has been agreed during Autumn 2007France
√Finland
√Estonia
√Denmark
Unspecified delayCzech Republic
√Cyprus
Unspecified delayBulgaria
Delayed until 7th September Belgium
Status of NEEAP and/or related communications
(as of 11092007)Member State
NEEAP’s status of deliverables /1
√United Kingdom
Delayed until OctoberSweden
√Spain
Unspecified delaySlovenia
Unspecified delaySlovakia
√Romania
Delayed until SeptemberPortugal
√Poland
A draft plan has been delivered and a final plan will be submitted before October 2007.
Netherlands
Unspecified delayMalta
Unspecified delayLuxembourg
√Lithuania
Unspecified delayLatvia
√Italy
Status of NEEAP and/or related communications
(as of 11092007)Member State
NEEAP’s status of deliverables /2
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Announced savings target in NEEAPs /1
1/3 of the plan is about buildings but it doesn’t give much impression of a plan. Contains a long list of measures without prioritising
1%, but the goal for 2020 is to be in line withthe March 2007 Merkel target (-20%)
Austria
Based on existing measures – up till 2016 the plan only specifies savings corresponding to 6.4% meaning that savings equal to 2.6% still needs to be decided
1% Finland
The 1.15% is based on existing legislation. From 2010 the yearly target will be 1.4% (transmission losses will be included in new target!). The new agreement will be finalised Autumn 2007
1.15% - 1.4%Denmark
1.1 % target(expect to save 2%)
Cyprus
Plan not submitted1% expectedThe Czech Republic
Comments Yearly savings target announcedMember State
Draft plan delivered. 1.2% corresponds to existing decree. The plan will be revised after the French Climate plan has been agreed during Autumn 2007. The “Grenelle de l’environnement” will go out for public consultation mid October and will likely be ambitious for existing buildings
much more than 1.2% is expectedFrance
Announced publicly but plan not delivered 3%Germany
Draft plan submitted (the plan was out for public debate until 10th August)
1%Hungary
Appears to be a draft plan. A list of measures mentioned but no specific action decided
1%Italy
A draft plan has been delivered and a final plan will be submitted before October 2007
2% as intermediate target (2010) and 1% as 2016 target
Netherlands
Vague plan without any concrete measures mentioned
1%Lithuania
Comments Yearly savings target announcedMember State
Announced savings target in NEEAPs /2
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Vague plan even if detailed – initiatives are mostly statements of intent rather than actual plans
1%Poland
1.5%Romania
Letter of intend to submit the NEEAP later1% expected)Slovakia
A detailed and ambitious plan but covers only the period up to 2012. The plan covers mainly transport and buildings with a remarkably high focus on reducing energy for indoor lightingThere is a special scheme for public buildings where the aim is to save 9% energy in public buildings by 2012 and 20% by 2016. Both new and existing buildings will be targeted
2%Spain
A very ambitious and detailed plan which build on both new and existing measures
Target set out in the plan is 1% per year but the plan aims to deliver 2% per year
United Kingdom
Comments Yearly savings target announcedMember State
Announced savings target in NEEAPs /3
Energy Efficiency in Buildings – the goals
At least -20% in consumption by 2020
All new Buildings from 2015 should be passive houses without the need for heating or cooling equipment
Significantly lower threshold for performance requirements for renovation
Member States to ensure financing for recommended highly cost-effective investments from building certification
Public sector requirements to demonstrate new, energy-efficient technologies
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MS strategy towards Passive Houses
Additional 25% in 2010 and by 44% in 2013 (equal to passive house requirements) from 2016 all new homes must be zero carbon buildings
In 2008 consult on the next set of changes to part LPassive house requirement from 2013 and zero-carbon houses from
2016
United Kingdom
Only residential:Epc = 0.6 in 2011 and
Epc = 0.4 in 2015Non-residential will follow
Netherlands
30% strengthening scheduled for 2008 and additional 30% for 2012Passive house requirement from 2015
Germany
Additional 15% in 2010 and 2015(in discussion now Passive House requirement for non-residential from 2011
and Houses to be energy-producing from 2020)
France
Additional 25-30% in 2010 and 2015Passive house requirement from 2015/2020
Denmark
Passive house requirement from 2020Austria
Further political announced strengtheningMember State
Conclusions
On 11th September 15 MS had submitted their Energy Efficiency Action Plans – 5 MS had notified a delay and from 7 MS no official information has been received
Many Member States have submitted preliminary Plans which will be revised later in the year – varying quality
Inspiring development - we see a “competition” amongst old MS to deliver the most ambitious Plan (e.g. DE, F and UK) ☺
Yearly savings target stated from 1% and up to 3%!
Many MS have built Plans on existing policies and measures (acceptable)
Many new MS appear to be having more difficulty preparing their Plans than old MS
It is likely that a dialogue will be necessary between some MS and Commission to develop acceptable Plans
Important now to secure that Plans are transferred to real savings
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The impact of 2004 Enlargement of the EU in the field of energy efficiency
EPBD in New Member States: status and challenges
Silvia Rezessy, Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP)
JRC Workshop on Scientific Technical Reference System on Renewable Energy & Use Efficiency: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings"
REEEP– Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership
• REEEP is a global Type II partnership launched by the UK government at the WSSD and backed by more than 200 national governments (36 as partners) businesses, development banks and NGOs.
• In the Gleneagles Communiqué, the G8 countries pledged to promote energy efficient buildings by encouraging the work of existing partnerships such as REEEP in outreach to developing countries.
• REEEP has established a performance indicatorperformance indicator which requires that at least oneone--thirdthird of EE projects funded by REEEP should address EE in buildingsbuildings.
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Background and source of information for the presentation
• Study on the impact of the 2004 Enlargement of the European Union in the area of energy;
• Prepared for the European Commission, Directorate General Energy and Transport;
• Prepared by Mercados Energy Markets International, The Regional Centre For Energy Policy Research (REKK, to whom the presenter was affiliated in the EE part of the study) and E-Bridge Consulting;
Structure of the presentation
• Main findings of the report on the impact of the 2004 Enlargement of the EU in the field of energy efficiency;
• EE policies and measures in NMSs;
• Status of transposition of the EPBD in NMSs;
• Challenges for the transposition and effective implementation of the EPBD.
• Recommendations for the buildings sector;
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Main findings (1)• The period between mid-90s and Accession was characterised by a rapid decrease
in energy intensities in NMSs. Final energy intensity cleared from the impact of structural changes declined by approximately 30 % between 1996 and 2004 on the average in the post-communist NMSs (faster in NMSs than the EU-15 average).
• However adjusted energy intensities in NMSs still remain above EU-15 average for many NMSs and in general higher than can be expected for their level of economic development, however since mid-90s energy intensities have been falling.
• This indicates that there is still a considerable need for further efficiency improvements and for scaling up the ambitions and commitment of NMSs in the energy efficiency field.
Final energy intensity at constant structure (climate corrected) in NMSs, 1996-2004 (1996=100) source: Enerdata
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
%, 1996=100
Cyprus Estonia HungaryLatvia Lithuania PolandCzech Republic Slovak Republic SloveniaEuropean Union (15)
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Main findings (2)• General economic drivers and indirect policy impacts associated with the Accession
process have had a greater effect on the improvement in energy intensities than the impact of the transposition of the energy efficiency acquis.
• These drivers include rising energy prices, growing economic output and economic cooperation with EU-15 countries bringing higher added-value branches, the shutdown and/or modernisation of inefficient Soviet-era technologies and processes, and competitive pressures in an ever-globalising world.
• Given the looseness of many national efforts in the field of energy efficiency, the existing loopholes in implementing the energy efficiency acquis also due to institutional weaknesses and the ‘mechanical’ transposition, the energy efficiency acquishad some effect on energy intensity decrease in NMSs, but they are not likely to have been a major direct driver in the indicated significant improvement in energy intensities.
Main findings (3)• NMSs have focused policy efforts on transposing European directives, but shown less
commitment to actual implementation, proper enforcement, and pro-active energy efficiency related policy-making beyond the acquis largely due to very limited institutional capacity and still low priority on national policy agendas of energy efficiency measures;
• In 2007-2013 NMSs plan to channel to sustainable energy only a very minor fraction of EU funds, amounting to 2-3 % on average which falls short of scale of the action needed to realise the EU's strategic energy objectives (best performers LT, CZ and SK);
• Energy efficiency institutions are a weak point in NMSs, marked by inadequate coverage of efficiency related tasks by institutional structures and insufficient staffing. Limited or no background policy research on economic saving potentials, limited stakeholder consultation for working with the private sector
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Good practices of policies and measures for EE…
• Separate EE laws: CZ (proposal in LV, planned for PL);• EE targets (relative, rarely in absolute terms) in secondary legislation (before
ESD) in almost all NMS;• Preferential loan schemes and subsidy programs for EE;• Mandatory environmental provisions in public procurement in CZ, voluntary in
HU, LV, PL, SK, SI;• Provisons for energy audits – mandatory for large users in CZ, pre-condition
for state-subsidy in PL;• Carbon or GHG tax in EE and SI, from 2008 in CZ;
…not without difficulties• Progress on targets rarely monitored, targets not taken seriously,
numerous and confusing targets; • Financing schemes rarely based on results achieved (savings) or
integrated with other policy tools; • No or very limited R and D funds for EE, even less for policy research;• No or only ‘soft’ involvement of energy suppliers in energy service
provision, no past of DSM;• No practice of VAs;• Information campaigns and public awareness raising sporadic, lack of
continuity (‘start-and-stop’) and integration with other policy tools;• Numerous transitional agreements under the Energy Tax Directive, GHG
taxation very rare.
Silvia REZESSY - REEEP
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Legal transposition of the EPBD in NMSs
• Legal context and implementing bodies (next slide);
• As of end of June 2007 reasoned opinions sent to 8 of the 10 NMS(2004);
CY Energy Performance Building Regulation (EPBR) is under preparation Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism
CZ An executive decree to the Energy Management Act Ministry of Industry and Trade
EE Act transposing the EPBD and amending 5 different legal acts promulgated in September 2006.
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications
HU Articles 3,4,5 and 6 – Ministerial Order TNM 7/2006 in force since September 2006. Article 8 – text prepared since 2005, no order yet (uncertain whether certification should be a pre-condition for real estate ownership)
State Office of Housing and Building (art. 3,4,5,6 and 7: now Housing Affairs department of the Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development) and the Ministry of Economy and Transport (art. 8 and 9).
LV Draft Building Energy Efficiency Law (intentions to promulgate in 2007) Ministry of Economy
LT Additional article in the Law on Construction (art. 2,4,5,6,7). Law amending the Law on Energy (art. 8 and 9). Acts of “Technical provisions of construction”
Ministry of Environment (art. 3,4,5,6,7 and partially 10) and Ministry of Economy (art. 8,9, and partially 10). Certification Centre of Construction Products (MoE).
MT Legal Notice 238/2006 "Minimum Requirements on the Energy Performance of Building Regulations, 2006" under the Malta Resources Authority Act – art. 4, 5 and 6.
Building Construction Industry Department
PL In Dec. 2006 a new version of the draft Act on buildings and apartments energy assessment system and inspection of installations within a scope of energy efficiency. Amendments to the Thermomodernisation Act, Act about Real-Estate Economy, and Building Code were developed in 2006.
Ministry of Construction
SK Act 555/2005 on Energy Performance of Buildings in force since Jan 2006, execution Order 625/2006 of the Ministry of Construction and Regional Development, Act 17/2007 on regular inspections of boilers, heating systems and air-cond systems
Ministry of Construction and Regional Development (art. 3,4,5,6,7) and Ministry of Economy (art. 8 and 9)
SI Building Construction Act (art. 3,4, 5.1. and 6), Amendments to the Energy Act (art. 5.2, 7, 9, 10), Environmental Protection Act (art. 8 and 10). Rules on efficient use of energy in buildings (art. 3,4, 5/1 and 6) will be adopted in or after the second quarter of 2007
Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning
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Implementation of the EPBD in NMSsCalc. proced. Requir. new buildings Requir. existing buildings
Building certification Independent experts boilers and air conditioning
CY under preparation;
Under preparation No definition
CZ amendment of the EMA
Set in the draft implementing regulation to the EMA
set in the draft implementing regulation to the EMA
Jan. 2009 to be trained boilers from January 2007, air-conditioning systems from January 2009
EE Planned for January 2008
Planned for January 2008. Planned for January 2008
Jan. 2009 Jan.y 2008 Boiler procedures mandatory from January 2008. AC procedures under discussion
HU
Adopted. in force for building permits requested after Sept. 2006.
Requirements in force since Sept. 2006
No regulation yet. No regulation on training
No regulation yet, on boilers not before the end of 2008.
LV Planned for 2009
Not adopted yet for all new buildings.
adoption planned for 2009
Planned for 2009, No training yet Not adopted yet
LT Adopted In place in force from January 2007 Two training institutions.
Inspection of boilers above 10 kW effective rated capacity from 2007; inspection of boilers 20-100 and AC systems above 12 kW – from 2008
MT
Not adopted yet
In place In place Not adopted yet Expected by the end of 2008.
Under discussion
PL In the draft law and secondary legislation
planned for Autumn 2006 planned for Autumn 2006 Existing buildings: from January 2008, New buildings: from January 2009
mandatory from January 2009
SK Adopted In place In place January 2008 (introduced for small residential buildings from January 2007)
under preparation January 2008
SI under development
under development under development Certification of new buildings to start in early 2008, for other buildings in early 2009.
regulation planned in last three months of 2007.
Boiler inspection already in place since 2004, additions to Env. Protection Act on inspection of boilers and air-conditioning expected i S t b 2007
Implementation of the main themes of the EPBD• Calculation procedures: some NMSs have already adopted the calculation procedures and
have the software in place (HU and LT), while other have the procedure in pending legislation (PL and SK), or have it under development with a specified date of implementation (EE, LV and SI).
• Certification of buildings: LT introduced certification for new buildings from 2007 and SK introduced certification for small residential buildings. Certification first in new buildings and then (or at the same time in some cases) in existing buildings. Most countries plan introducing certification for new buildings from 2008 and for existing buildings from 2009: thus certification for all buildings from 2009.
• Inspection of boilers and esp. of air conditioning systems is the area where a lot of complexities occur. Some countries plan to introduce inspections from 2008 (SK, LT, EE), most envisage boiler and air conditioning inspections from 2009.
• In most countries requirements for independent experts have been defined and training materials are under preparation (with training institutions already appointed in LT, for example).
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Major challenges with the EPBD
• Split and unclear implementation responsibilities;
• lack of public awareness of the positive effects of building certification;
• No integrated and comprehensive programs that would facilitate the implementation of the provisions of the EPBD;.
• Administrative hurdles, such as lack of staff and contrary interests among implementing institutions,
• the variety of approaches among MSshinders the exchange of experiences
Recommendations for effective implementation of the EPBD (1)
• Communicating the PRIVATE economic benefits of building refurbishment and of building certification among developers, architects, construction businesses, homeowners and tenants;
• Introducing financial incentives in the scope of the EPBD implementation regime for both low-energy construction (e.g. preferential loan and/or mortgage schemes, tax incentives) and for building refurbishment;
• Introducing schemes for the provision of tailored advice to building ownersabout measures to take in their property and streamlining practical assistance in implementing these.
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Recommendations for effective implementation of the EPBD (2)
• Education and training, including professional development trainings to disseminate recent developments. Basic educational curricula of all professionals and trades related to the construction sector should include mandatory coverage of major energy-efficiency options such as passive solar construction.
• Free access to professional development in the field to provide training in cutting-edge energy efficiency construction know-how and technologies should be facilitated in all related trades and professions;
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Silvia Rezessy, energy efficiency advisor
REEEP International Secretariat
silvia.rezessy@reeep.org
+43 1 26026 3678+ 39 3473624484
www.reeep.org
Silvia REZESSY - REEEP
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Back-up slides
Source of data: Enerdata database, calculations of the author (unless
indicated otherwise)
Final energy intensity adjusted for industry, economic structure and climate (PPP, 2000): years 1996-2004
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
koe /EC00p
Cyprus Estonia HungaryLatvia Lithuania PolandCzech Republic Slovak Republic SloveniaEuropean Union (15)
EE
S K
LV
CYHUS I
LTCZ
PL
EU-15
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Average annual changes in final energy intensity (actual and at
constant structure), the impact of structural change, 1995-2004
-8.00
-7.00
-6.00
-5.00
-4.00
-3.00
-2.00
-1.00
0.00
1.00
Cy prus Estonia Hungary Latv ia Lithuania Poland CzechRepublic
Slov akRepublic
Slov enia
% average annual change
final energy intensity final energy intensity at constant structure structural impact
Efficiency of electricity and of electricity and heat production from conventional thermal plants, source: EEA 2006
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Policies and measures in NMSs (2004)
CY CZ EE HU LV LT MT PL SK SI
Separate Energy Efficiency Law
No Yes No No No, but proposal pending
No No Yes (Thermo-Modernisation Law); a new EE law in preparation
No No
Energy saving targets in secondary legislation
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes
Preferential loan schemes for EE R: residential sector, P: public sector, I: industrial sector
No Yes (R,P)
Yes (R) Yes (R, I, P) Yes (R,P) No No Yes (R,P) No No
EE subsidy programs R: residential sector, P: public sector, I: industrial sector
Yes (R,I,P)
Yes (R, I, P)
No Yes (R, I, P) Yes (R,P) Yes (R) Yes (R)
Yes (R,P) Yes (R, I) Yes(R, I, P)
Research and development funds for EE
No No No Yes No yes No No No No
Utility demand-side management programs
No No No No No No No No No No[1]
Environmental or EE provisions in public procurement
No Mandatory
No Voluntary Voluntary No No Voluntary Voluntary Voluntary
CY CZ EE HU LV LT MT PL SK SI
Provisions for energy audits
No Mandatory for large energy users
Yes Yes Yes Yes No Mandatory for state subsidy
No Yes[1]
Energy taxation (transitional arrangements under the Energy Tax Directive)
No transitional provisions besides the ones in the Treaty of Accession.
Total or partial exemptions on electricity, natural gas, solid fuels
Green tax reform planned
Transitional arrangements: electricity, exemptions for oil shale
Transitional arrangements: electricity, gas and solid fuels for district heating
Transitional arrangement: heavy fuel for heating, electricity, natural gas, solid fuels
Full exemption till 2010L electricity, gas, solid fuels
Transitional arrangements: electricity, natural gas, solid fuels
Transitional arrangements: heavy oil for heating, electricity, natural gas, solid fuels
Transitional arrangements: electricity, natural gas, solid fuels
Transitional arrangements: natural gas
Information campaigns, awareness raising for EE
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Planned Yes Yes Yes
Voluntary agreements
No No Yes No No No No No No No
VAT rates on energy, preferential/reduced rates
15%VAT 19%VAT5% for heat
18%VAT5% for DH
20%VAT 18%VAT 18%VAT, 9%VAT heating
18% VAT, 5%VAT for electricity supply
22%VAT 19%VAT 20% VAT
Carbon taxation No carbon tax. Carbon tax to be introduced in 2008
GHG tax No carbon tax
No carbon tax.
No carbon tax
No carbon tax
No carbon tax No carbon tax Carbon tax.
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Session 3: ESCOs projects
Chair: Randall Bowie, Rockwool International
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Krakow 13/09/2007 1
Latest Developments of Energy Service Companies across Europe:
A European ESCO Update
Experiences from New Member States and other Eastern European countries
Benigna Boza-KissCentral European University
dr. Paolo BertoldiEuropean Commission, Joint Research Center
Silvia RezessyCEU; REEEP
Krakow 13/09/2007 2
ESCO market research and development activities at the Joint Research Center
• Monitoring of the market development• Update reports• ESCO database• ESCO projects database
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Krakow 13/09/2007 3
DG JRC is monitoring the ESCO market.
ESCO status report 2005Our first report gave all the basic info about ESCOs, reviewed EU markets.
The report is available on the web:re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/index.htm
ESCO Update Report 2007
The report will be available shortly at the same site
Krakow 13/09/2007 4
• In the last few years Europe has seen a continued and increasing interest in the provision of energy services driven by electricity and gas market restructuring, the push for sustainability, the threat of climate change, new policy tools, legislation and other factors.
• In general, ESCOs are on the rise in the Eastern and Southern part of Europe, but mostly still lagging behind Western Europe. Additional driving factors typical of the region have been recently: energy price restructuring, price increase, international and governmental funds, energy efficiency programmes, changes in legislation and the remaining and only slowly diminishing high energy intensity, bad state of establishments.
• However, there is still a huge gap between potential and realized projects in this region. There is a very different level of development of the ESCO industry (in terms of e.g. types of services, size and turnover of ESCOs, number of ESCOs) in the various European countries.
Introduction
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Regional frontrunnersHungary• ESCO industry dates back to the early 90s;
• Approx. 30 ESCOs, 5-6 cover 80 % of market;• Market size estimated at least €150-200 Mln;
• Early start with public lighting, more recently heating and hot water projects in the spot, with trends towards AC, water and steam supply, RES;
• Public sector has been the main client, industrial clients are getting more and more attention (on-site co- and tri-generation), and some upheaval and following evaporation of residential sector;
• Commercial financing is NOT a problem, banks eager to lend to ESCOs;
• “Cherry picking” possibilities drying up, stagnation and redirection at the market.
Czech Republic• Market development slow till 2001 (Law on
Energy Management); rapid boom currently• Around 15 ESCOs, number growing;• Market potential of about €100-150 Mln;
• Most interest in projects related to heat delivery, piping, pipes insulation, boilers replacement, fuel switching
• Healthcare sector has been the market starter; DH; educational buildings, stateproperty; high interest in military property;
• Banks are interested in lending; multinational ESCOs use corporate financing; recently chauffage (energy delivery contracting) getting more common;
• Project bundling is common, medium-sized towns are very active in this.
Krakow 13/09/2007 6
Other CEE countriesSlovakia• First ESCO-type company: 1992, limited success at the beginning, real starting point: 2003;• 32 ESCOs providing energy services;• Most ESCOs are PPP (joint ventures with municipalities);• Clients: municipal buildings, schools, banks, hospitals; outsourcing (industry, tertiary) more and
more popular;• Building renovation, DH and public lighting;• Governmental commitment: 2005 National Energy Policy targeting EE increase.Poland• Limited success of the market, < 5 companies, foreign subsidiaries;• Volume of contracts is estimated at €10Mln in recent years;• Focus on DH in public buildings (schools, military buildings, prisons) and housing
cooperatives; some street lighting, insulation and complex retrofitting;• Failures during the last 15 years hindered development, investors and clients still search for
common interest: off-balance solutions to be implemented partially by clients.Slovenia• First ESCO contract in 2001 (pool of 14 buildings) – procedure and standard doc’s developed;• Public and industrial sector.
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The Baltic statesLithuania• As of 2006 there are 6 ESCO-type companies, mainly subsidiaries of foreign large companies;• Market size estimate: €125 Mln for residential and public segment, and further €50Mln in industry; • Typical clients: municipalities;• Typical projects: heat production and supply side energy management in the DH sector, incl.
modernization of boilers and fuel switch;
Latvia• 2 ESCOs, around 40 companies provide energy delivery contracting;• Typical clients: municipalities;• Typical projects: public lighting, boiler refurbishment;
Estonia• Around 20 companies offering energy services, only 2 ESCOs offering EPC;• Some ESCO-type projects realized in the public sector: public lighting, control and automation
systems. Investments to start up in the residential sector was reported in 2006.
Krakow 13/09/2007 8
Cyprus and MaltaCyprus• no ESCO;• RES is priority; potential of RES (solar) is huge; • EE improvements could result 20-25% demand decrease; CHP opportunities;• Gov’tal commitment: Grant Scheme For Energy Conservation; Promotion of the
Utilization of RES; Action Plan for Energy Conservation in Buildings.
Malta• no ESCO, some companies selling building management systems;• no coordination, but EE has been getting more and more attention;• best technological opportunities: water heating, HVAC of buildings, resistance
heating to substitute heat pumps .
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New EU Members 2007Romania • 2 companies, stable for the last years; but projects are very scarce;• ESCOs estimate market potential at €1-1.5 Bln.;• Most interested client-sphere is the public sector; some projects in industry: combustion
systems/improvements, CHP;• Commercial banks are very much interested in ESCO projects, international financing
institutions are present; local FIs’ offerings are more competitive;• Financing is a problem not due to lack of interest or capital, but as a result of accounting
and legal barriers. Until off-balance sheet solutions are found ESCO projects seem to be strictly limited;
• ESCO concept is misunderstood by clients.Bulgaria• 2 ESCOs;• Large number of companies (~100) offering energy auditing and certification;• Primary area: municipal sector (schools, public buildings), small heating plants; • A municipal network for energy efficiency (EcoEnergia);• Various funding opportunities available: Bulgarian Energy Efficiency Fund (revolving fund,
GEF/IBRD, government), USAID partial guarantee scheme, etc.
Krakow 13/09/2007 10
Croatia• 1 state-owned ESCO (with enabling features), some other interest;• Estimated market potential: €400Mln;• Investments and interest on a rise;• So far ~10 projects completed: public lighting, and lighting and heating system improvements
in educational buildings; 40 projects in preparatory or implementation phase;• Financing is non-problematic: international aid and loans (GEF funds, World Bank loan), local
banks, ESCO own equity;• Activity until now for the development of the ESCO concept: capacity building, searching
financial opportunities, consumer demand building;• Raising consciousness and awareness of the concept is most important.
Macedonia• Macedonia Sustainable Energy Project, planned from spring 2007 • ESCOs will focus on public buildings (schools, hospitals);• Financing support from IBRD, GEF, SE Financing Facility in the form of debt finance and
guarantee.
Other European countries (1)
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Ukraine• First ESCO (public) established in 1998 by EBRD and TACIS; first private company in 2004;• Today 3 significant companies, others are consultancies, engineering companies;• Market interest is increasing;• 1999-2005: 19 projects, ~ € 16Mln investment;• Local financial sector is not yet open for EE, but IFIs are active (Other 20M USD EBRD loan is scheduled for
2006-2012);• CHP, refrigeration, heating, steam, hot-water boiler modernization;• General payback time 2-5 yrs;• But ESCOs have very limited access to capital, not enough own capital, banks have high interest rates and are
not readily involved in projects; lack of liberalized market; price structure; scarce information and awareness;• Potential to extend in scope, in geographical area (neighboring countries).Russia• ESCOs have a relatively long history: start in 1996, today few dozen companies,; • Targets: boiler automation, bio-fuel pre-furnace installation, economizers, DH, automation of centralized
compressed air production facilities;• Payback time is normally max. 6-7 years;• Financial and technical assistance from IFIs;• Financing is problematic: ESCOs dont have the own funding, while high interest rates hinder profitability, lack of
appropriate guarantees;• Administrative burden, changing circumstances, varying political support, „low energy price”, wasting attitude;• While the potential is huge – one of the highest energy intensity in the world (3-5 times of Western countries);
This has hardly improved in spite of the pronounced efforts for energy savings in the legislation since 1990s.
Other European countries (2)
Krakow 13/09/2007 12
Belorussia• Similar situation to Russia and Ukraine: high energy intensity, strong control of energy
system and prices;• One ESCO (2005), so far only one project (€10 Mln investment);• CHP in an industrial site;• In the future: boilers, controls, HVAC, steam distribution, electric load management
(industry);
Turkey• No ESCOs by 2006;• New Energy Efficiency Law: February 2007• Barrier 1: lack of support on the political level (EE law in Parliament for 2 years);• Barrier 2: long term purchase agreement for gas and oil;• Need for ESCOs is not evident to potential customers.
Other European countries (3)
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Summary of NMSs and other European developments• Very different level of development of the ESCO industry
– in Hungary and the Czech Republic ESCOs are well established and active;– in Latvia, Croatia, Slovenia and Ukraine the concept is still getting off the ground;– Slovakia and Lithuania are in-between;– no ESCOs in Cyprus, Malta and Turkey;– in Estonia, Poland the universal ESCO does not work, need for adjustment.
• Focus on supply-side projects (heating systems) – economies of scale;• Most common clients are municipalities, public buildings do kick-start the
market;• In many immature markets predominant energy delivery contracting;• Financing is not a problem, but access to financing.
Krakow 13/09/2007 14
Barriers, obstacles
Typical barriers include:- Low awareness, lack of information and skepticism – mentioned in ALL
countries as one of the most important impediments;- Misunderstanding the concept;- Balance-sheet problems, accounting rules;- Rules for public procurement non-supportive;- Competing support schemes;- Legal and regulatory frameworks (esp. in public sector), - Lack of motivation and commitment, election-cycle based thinking;- Lack of data to construct baselines;- In-house knowledge discredits ESCO guarantees.
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Success factors until now:- Bad state of buildings;- ”low hanging fruits”, such as public lighting;- Early privatization of banking and/or energy sector;- Building on local institutional framework, involving local banks;- Capacity building, dissemination (in banks, among clients etc.).
Success factors expected for future development:- Openness of banking sector;- International support schemes;- Obligatory audits;- Model documents, procedures;- Legal and regulatory background (e.g. public procurement is supportive in Czech
Republic);- Non-competing, but complementing support schemes (Hungary: Panel Program).
Major past and future drivers
Krakow 13/09/2007 16
We welcome comments, corrections, more information!
We would like to thank the almost 100 expertsproviding information.
More information about the new 2007 update and the European ESCO database can be obtained from
Paolo Bertoldi: Paolo.Bertoldi@ec.europa.eu
http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/
or contact Benigna Boza-Kiss at kissb@ceu.hu
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
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Responsibility & Risk in
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2 Building Technologies
Energy & Environmental Solutions
Business pressures
Business pressures around Energy Resources and Buildings Why high performance buildings
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3 Building Technologies
Energy & Environmental SolutionsBusiness pressures
Improved Business Results
Reliableenergy
supplies
Laws, directives, initiatives
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reduction
Corporate Responsibility
Moderni-zation
High performance
building
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Energy & Environm ental SolutionsM odernization
Modernization and Optimization of:Building Management SystemHeatingWaterVentilationAir-Conditioning LightingCoolingOperation
Modernization
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Customized Energy Solutions Projects Performance Contracting – Financial Model
Cost optimization measures are financed by the guaranteed savings
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Customized Energy Solutions Projects Performance Contracting – Process
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Performance Contracting vs standard processes
InfrastructureRenewal Needs
Funding
Architect
MechanicalEngineer
ElectricalEngineer
Plans &Specifications
Procurement
GeneralContractor
Sub-Contractors Sub-Contractors
Construction
Warranty
InfrastructureRenewal Needs
Funding
Plans &Specifications
Procurement
Sub-Contractors Sub-Contractors
Construction
Warranty
Architect
MechanicalEngineer
ElectricalEngineer
InfrastructureRenewal Needs
Sub-Contractors Sub-Contractors
Construction
FundingProjectDevelopmentMechanicalEngineer
ElectricalEngineer
Plans &Specifications Procurement
Warranty PerformanceGuarantee
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Performance Assurance Phase – Energy Saving Guarantee
Energy savings in PLN in 2004, Bochnia Project
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Responsibilities and Risk Table
RiskResponsibilityPFC phase
Changes in buildings, systems and user’s behaviour
Systems operation and energy consumption control in long term
Performance Assurance/Energy Saving Guarantee
Time and cost slippageTop quality realization which enables energy savings promised
Implementation
Refurbishment, retrofit. service, maintenance, finance in long term
Detailed formal description, Energy Saving Guarantee
Contract Pattern
Energy Analysis of buildings and system correctness
Technical solution Financial arrangementDetailed Analysis
PFC project decision based on general information
Technical conceptFinancial projectionPreliminary Analysis
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How to ensure responsible attitude and limit the risk?
1. Strong company with solid financial base2. PFC Department with dedicated team3. Reliable and experienced project team with:-Salesmen-Engineers-Finance Dept. support-Legal Dept. support-Project Managers-Servicemen-Performance Assurance Engineer4. „Four-eyes” rule and „go/no go” company procedures5. „Technical Review” executive document for every project
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Energy & Environmental SolutionsMission
We help our customers improve their buildings' energy costs, reliability and performance and have a positive effect on the environment.
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ISO 9001:2000
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ESCO INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT OF THE ESCO INDUSTRY AND PROJECTS IN POLANDAND PROJECTS IN POLAND
ACTIVITY OF POE ESCO SP. Z O.O. VS. BARRIERS AND ACTIVITY OF POE ESCO SP. Z O.O. VS. BARRIERS AND OPPORTUNITIES WITH RESPECT TO THE OPPORTUNITIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ““ESCOESCO””
MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN POLANDMARKET DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND
Janusz MazurPresident of the Management BoardPOE ESCO sp. z.o.o. /Ltd/in Krakow
ISO 9001:2000
– Milestones
POE ESCO SP. Z O.O. PRESENTATION
Signing of a grant contract with the GEF (Global Environmental Facility)08.08.2005 08.08.2005
The first thermal modernisation that was implemented was from Oct.-Dec. 2004: 7th Secondary Comprehensive School on Skarbinskiego Street.
16.09.200416.09.2004
Signing of a loan contract between the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank) and MPEC S.A. Part of the credit is to be allocated for the execution of the ESCO projects by POE ESCO Sp. z o.o
16.04.2002 16.04.2002
Initiation of operations by POE ESCO Sp. z o.o. 1.04.2000 1.04.2000
Signing of the Deed of Incorporation of the limited liability corporation under the name “Energy Saving Company ESCO”
8.03.20008.03.2000
Resolution No. 155/30/MPEC/99 approval by the General Meeting of the Shareholders of MPEC S.A. to establish an independent business entity in order to run ESCO operations.
10.11.1999 10.11.1999
The Pilot Project Dr Judym Primary School No. 97 July 1999July 1999
Resolution No. 24 by the Management Board of MPEC S.A. – approval of the Business Plan by ESCO. 15.07.1999 15.07.1999
Resolution No. 78/17/MPEC/98 by the General Meeting of Shareholders of MPEC S.A.: approval for the launching of operations by ESCO based on the credit granted by the World Bank.
29.06.1998 29.06.1998
Signing of a credit contract with the World Bank for the implementation of the “Modernisation and restructuring of the Heating System in Krakow”
16.09.1991 16.09.1991
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ISO 9001:2000
•Esco and TPF projects
SCOPE OF ACTIVITIESSCOPE OF ACTIVITIES
•Execution of the technical documentation of sanitary installations (HVAC)
•Consulting activity and performance of energy audits
•Selling energy saving devices
ISO 9001:2000
LOCATION AND CAPABILITYLOCATION AND CAPABILITY
Krakow (Cracow), address: os. Handlowe 9
Own premises, nearly 340 m2
14 employees (hired as per contracts of employment)
• 6 designers (HVAC)• 2 energy auditors• 8 AutoCAD designing posts • Measuring and research instrumentation
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ISO 9001:2000
Credit line from the World Bank – amount outstanding ca. USD 2 million
FINANCING
Credit line from Deutsche Bank PBC Polska S.A. – amount outstanding ca. PLN 3 million
Credit line from Nordea Bank Polska S.A. – amount outstanding ca. PLN 1.5 million
Energy Saving Project GEF Grant (TF-054104) – USD 2 spent
Credits are guaranteed by MPEC S.A. in Krakow (owner of 100% of all POE ESCO shares)
ISO 9001:2000
•Esco and TPF projects
TYPES OF PROJECTS, AS EXECUTEDTYPES OF PROJECTS, AS EXECUTED
•Execution of the technical documentation of sanitary installations (HVAC)
•Consulting activity and performance of energy audits
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ISO 9001:2000
ESCO PROJECTSESCO PROJECTSThe Company executed 5 ESCO (Energy Performance Contacts) projects in public buildings in Krakow and the Town of Brzesko. The scope of the project included 26 school buildings. The Aggregate value of the work ca. 5 million Euro. Discharge and energy management – 10 years.
ESCO saving guarantee works executed in the years 2004-2006
19,85113,8355,41330,43014,431TOTAL8,7117,9972,12512,7586,5832006
10,4175,7933,10215,9227,1292005
723 45 186 1,750 719 2004
(executed or planned)GJ/year
Square metreSquare metre
Square metre
Energy savingsThermal insulation
Heating outlets
RoofsWindowsYear
ISO 9001:2000
PROJECTS IN PREPARATION OR CURRENTLY UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Thermal modernisation of 6 school buildings in the Commune of Krakow
Thermal modernisation of the Tram Service Station of the Municipal Public Transport Company in Krakow
Thermal modernisation of the Health Care Centre in Wieliczka
Aggregate value of the projects: over 2.5 million Euro
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THIRD PARTY FINANCE PROJECTS SCOPE OF THE TPF PROJECTS
Heating networks and heat exchanger stations
Environmentally-friendly boiler rooms
Residential buildings
Investment outlay discharge period 3-6 years
ISO 9001:2000
TPFTPFHEATING NETWORKS AND HEATING NETWORKS AND
HEAT EXCHANGER STATIONSHEAT EXCHANGER STATIONS
The Heating Energy Company in Chrzanow –construction of 11pcs. of modern heat exchanger stations with an aggregate power over 3,000 kW
ESOX S.A. (a heating company in Radlin) – construction of 6 pcs. of modern heat exchanger stations with an aggregate power of 11,000 kW
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ISO 9001:2000
TPFTPFENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY
BOILER ROOMS
Steam boiler for TI Safri (meat processing company), power 3,200 kW
Steam boiler for Vistula S.A. (garment manufacturer) in Krakow, power 1,100 kW
High temperature water boiler for Porcelana Slaska, power 1,470 kW
ISO 9001:2000
TPFTPFRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Insulation of walls
Modernization of internal district heating installation
New installation of hot domestic water and liquidation of gas heaters
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ISO 9001:2000
MAIN BARRIERS FOR MAIN BARRIERS FOR ””ESCOESCO””PROJECTS IN POLANDPROJECTS IN POLAND
Market barriers
Formal and legal barriers
ISO 9001:2000
MARKET BARRIERSMARKET BARRIERS
Limited publicity of ESCO undertakings
Expectations by decision-makers (mayors, district authorities, presidents of companies) with respect to appealing (50-80%) the contribution of co-financing of projected investment undertakings with European Union funds.
Accessibility of thermal modernisation bonus
Rather disadvantageous ratio of energy carrier price to building materials and services price
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ISO 9001:2000
FORMAL AND LEGAL BARRIERSBARRIERS
Complicated decision-making and financial system within public enterprises
Lack of possibilities, or limitations, thereof, of ”retaining” the savings attained by esco customers
Lack of direct legislation with respect to the esco scope of activity.
MAIN SUCCESS FACTORS CONCERNING MAIN SUCCESS FACTORS CONCERNING ””ESCOESCO”” UNDERTAKINGS IN POLANDUNDERTAKINGS IN POLAND
ESCO should be the subject of much publicity by the authorities. A few ESCO companies have been unable to create an effective market in this respect
ESCO programmes should be included in acts and ordinances concerning the financing of public enterprises
ESCO is a peculiar form of leasing, and as such, should be clearly defined in the law.
It is necessary to launch a comprehensive grant programme that will create the market, just as is seen in other countries
It is necessary to persuade regional environmental funds to lead them to co-finance under the ESCO programmes.
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ISO 9001:2000
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTHANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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Energy Performance Contracting in Poland - Viewpoints
Teresa ZatorskaSeptember, 2007
Honeywell.com
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Agenda
• Honeywell Overview
• Energy Performance Contracting Overview
• Challenges for Energy Performance Contracting in Poland
• Examples of executed projects in health, education, municipalities, army sectors
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Sale 2006 – 31.4 B $
$11B$11B
$4.7B$4.7B$11B
$4.7BAerospaceSpecialty
Materials
Automation & Control Solutions
Transportation Systems
Honeywell Worldwide
Honeywell.com
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Honeywell’s Experience in Performance Contracting• Over 30 years experience • The first Performance Contract Agreement in 1982• In North America over $3B in savings over 4.300+
projects• Strong experience in Commercial, Education,
Government, Healthcare and Industrial sectors• Major projects in EMEA in automotive, commercial,
education, government, healthcare, manufacturing & tobacco sectors
• Over $100M projects completed in EMEA• Some projects in EMEA:
– Ford Valencia (ESP)– Harry Wintermanns (Be)– The Atrium Hospital, Heerlen (NL) – Sint Vincentius Hospital, Antwerpen (Be)– Gwent Hospital (UK)– Samsonite (Be)– US Army (Ge)
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Decreasing Building Efficiencies
Decreasing Building Efficiencies
Physical Asset DeteriorationCapital investment required
Increasing Environmental Req.Company ‘green’ image
Increasing Energy CostsOngoing pressure on energy savings
Aging HVACDeteriorating mechanical equipment
Environmental Quality Issues Non compliance with regulation
Degrading Building EnvelopeOccupant discomfort
You are faced with many issues today…
Why Energy Performance Contracting
Increasing Pressure on Facility ManagementIncreasing Pressure on Facility Management
Honeywell.com
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Typical EPC MeasuresCogeneration HVAC control
retrofit
Lightingsystems
Ventilation and air quality improvements
Infrastructure improvements
Free cooling on chilled water
system
Heat recovery system Energy
ManagementSystem
Complex boiler plant optimization
Longer term projects can result in additional opportunity to enhance
results
Security
Demand sidemanagement
Design technical solutions based on energy & operational savings opportunities
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A WAY OF USING YOUR BUDGET MORE EFFICIENTLY!
Current During ESPC After ESPC
Energy / UtilityCost
Energy / UtilityCost
Energy /UtilityCost
EPC Funding
SavingsContinue
TimeCurrent
Energyand O&MCosts
Energyand
O&MCosts
Energyand O&MCosts
Savings Fund EPC
SavingsContinue
Time
€
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Challenges
• Technical Dimension– Technology is available/ challenge is financial not technical– Urgent need for comprehensive metering, data collecting and analyzing/
technology available– Standardization of requirements needed to be set– Accountability/Meaningful Consequences have to be achieved
Technology is Readily Available
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Challenges• Financial
– From the financial point of view budget neutral – Projects paid through savings– Financial means available on the market (yesterday presentations)– Creates jobs & local economic opportunities– Flexible contract terms (3-25 years)– Guaranteed performance
• measurement and verification
– EPC financing treated as long term financing in municipalities budgets, limits municipalities’ long term credit worthiness – not clear situation is a barrier for EPC
Clear interpretation of EPC budgeting is needed
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Challenges• Administrative
– Performance responsibility of EPC’s– Legislative
• EPC Procurement Process perceived by decision makers as very sophisticated - a barrier for EPC• EPC Contracts perceived by decision makers and their lawyers as very sophisticated as well
(detailed analyses, design, construction works, guaranteed savings, energy & maintenance services in one contract) - a barrier for EPC
• Long term nature of EPC perceived as highly risky for decision makers (from political point of view) –a barrier for EPC
Complexity of Legal Solutions is needed
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Challenges
• Cultural– Public Awareness
• Public relations– No Governmental Support for EPC projects so far/ high political risks for decision makers – is a barrier
for EPC– Long term nature of EPC perceived as highly risky for decision makers (from political point of view) –a
barrier for EPC
• Incentives– No incentives to confirm real energy savings achieved by traditional construction works contracts, no
responsibility for results is a barrier for EPC
Information Campaign is needed
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Barriers vs. Solutions - Viewpoints
• Financial – Clear Interpretation of EPC budgeting for public entities
• Administrative– Complexity of legal solutions is needed
• Streamlined Procurement Process• Standardization of Terms of Reference available for all public entities• Standardization of EPC contracts available for all public entities
EPC - efficient tool for Energy Efficiency Projects
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Barriers vs. Solutions – Viewpoints cont.
• Cultural – Information Campaign is needed on
• Positive perception of EPC contracts by State Administration (NEEAP)• Streamlined Procurement Process• Standardization of Procurement Process• Standardization of Terms of Reference and their general accessibility (e.g. on websites)
– No Governmental Support for EPC projects so far/ high political risks for decision makers – is a barrier for EPC
– Long term nature of EPC perceived as highly risky for decision makers (from political point of view) –a barrier for EPC
• Incentives– No incentives to confirm real energy savings achieved by traditional construction works contracts, no
responsibility for results is a barrier for EPC
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Benefits
• Improved Productivity/Quality of Life• Reduce Energy Dependency • Create Jobs/ Economic Opportunities• Save Money
EPC – a tool to achieve economic scale of energy consumption decrease
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EPC Examples
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• The Customer– Part of Gwent Healthcare NHS Trust– Covers 800 beds
• The Challenge– Aged infrastructure– CO2 reduction
• Honeywell’s Solution– 15 year PFI scheme– CHP, 3 new steam boilers, lighting retrofit, and
water conservation measures
• The Benefits– € 1.1M annual savings– NHS’s Best Practice Award for Energy Efficiency
2004– CO2 and particulate emissions significantly reduced
Royal Gwent Hospital – UK
“The award recognises the facility management changes we have made at our Royal Gwent and Neville Hall hospitals and marks another milestone in our partnership with Honeywell. Itconfirms that we are making innovative progress towardsenvironmental improvement.”Wayne Churches, Energy Manager at Gwent Healthcare Trust
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• The Customer– Part of GOZL organization– Covers 880 beds and 10 operating rooms
• The Challenge– Save energy costs
• Honeywell’s Solution (2001-2006)– Optimizing the operation of the boiler plant– “Free cooling” – implementation– Heat recovery from a steam installation– Installation of CHP– Investment value – € 2,9 M
• The Benefits– € 350.000 savings yearly
Atrium Heerlen Hospital, Netherlands
Mr. Dumont says: “The Honeywell solution enablesme to ‘see’ the different facets of my utilityproduction. It gives me a complete picture – the information I need to make better decisions, and tomake them more quickly. This ability to respond tochanging external conditions takes internal FM productivity to a higher level”
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• The Customer– A prestigious High School in Brussels
• The Challenge– Reduce energy consumption / bills – Improve comfort
• Honeywell’s Solution– Renovation: new controllers, new electrical
panels and hydraulic modifications– Honeywell Enterprise Buildings Integrator
(EBI)
• The Benefits– 58 Ton CO2 reduction a year (= 2.941 trees)– € 23,000 yearly savings
EHSAL, Belgium
Says Dumont: “The Honeywell solution enables me to ‘see’ the different facetsof my utility production. It gives me a complete picture – the information I need to make better decisions, and to make themmore quickly. This ability to respond to changing externalconditions takes internal FM productivity to a higher level”
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• The Situation– 5,400 buildings comprising 2.8 million climate controlled sq.m. – Energy spend of $36 million USD annually
• The Challenge– Uncontrolled consumption of resources– Antiquated infrastructure, lack of controls & declining budgets
• Honeywell’s Solution– Comprehensive Integrated Energy Management Solution
• Reduce demand through energy efficiency measures• Optimize supply side by minimizing tariffs, reducing peaks & co gen• Implement an ‘energy cockpit’ to monitor, manage and control all facilities in real time
• The Benefits– 25% annual energy savings– $70 million USD in improvements– Significant emission reductions & improved quality of life for inhabitants
Fort Bragg, USA
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• The Opportunity– Optimize 225 buildings in five locations throughout Germany
• The Challenge– Antiquated facilities & lack of resources– Achieve U.S. Federal energy reduction mandates & reduce CO2 emission’s
• Honeywell’s Solution– Implement/upgrade Energy Management Control System– HVAC: cooling towers, VFD’s, heat recovery & balance air distribution– Boiler optimization & connection to district heating– Chiller optimization & free cooling– Replace inoperable pumps, sensors, fans, valves, actuators etc– Install meters– Lighting: retrofit, controls & occupancy sensors– Water Conservation
• The Benefits– Investment value € 8,3 million– Savings to date >€10M with a reduction in CO2 to date of 40,000 tons
U.S. Army - Germany
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• The Customer– Municipality of 76 000 inhabitants
• The Challenge– Investment financed by savings– Electricity and heat consumption decrease
• Honeywell’s Solution– Implementation of installation controlling system – Energy optimizing services
• The Benefits– Investment value € 215 000 financed by– Savings (February 2005 - January 2006)
• Electricity– 30%, • Heat – 32%
Botkyrka Municipality, Sweden
Energy Management ServicesHoneywell Building Solutions
phone no. (22) 60 60 904mobile 0 502 196 678
e-mail: teresa.zatorska@honeywell.com
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Krakow 12 - 14 Sept.
From Energy audit to real savings.
Aare Vabamägi, REC Estonia, partner for Union of Estonian Flat owners
Associations.
RESHAPE
Retrofitting Social Housing and Active Preparing for EPBD
EC-contract: EIE/05/045/SI2.419851
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Topics
• Theoretical possible savings (TTU model)• Examples
– Data from Energy audits– Saving measures implemented
• Economy
Possible savings on 5 store 60 flats dwelling(Kredex)
Tallinn Technical University Heat and Ventilation department hasbeen modelling the typical 5 store 60 flats dwelling and resultsare:
• External walls insulation (U-value 1,03 to 0,26 W/(m2°×C))heat losses reduction 24%.
• Roof insulation (U-value 0,9 to 0,25 W/(m2°×C)) heat lossesreduction 10%.
• Windows replacing (U-value 2,7 to 1,4-ni W/(m2°×C), lossesreduction 12%.
• Total possible saving 44% of heat.Ventilation at the samelevel.
Precondition – ideally regulated heating system.
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Heating system
Walls insulation
• Without possibility toregulate heating system – mostly fordestroying thermalbridges.
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Regulation on end users level.
Examples
Explanation of living area and specificheat measures.
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Explanation
• Living areadefinition has beenused for consumedheat datacomparision.
kWh/m2 year
Space heating
Explanation
• Specific heat – space heat only, correctedwith weather data – space heat data havebeen corrected with long term averagedegree days, internal temperature has beenused on + 18 C level.
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Examples from energy audits (1).
Specific heat consmption.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2003 2004 Future
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m²a
nnua
lly.
• 81% - not real saving potencial, external wallsinsulation, windowsreplacement, regulation.
Examples from energy audits (2).
Specific heat consumpton.
0
50
100
150
200
250
2003 2004 Future
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m² a
nnua
lly.
• 86% - not real savingpotencial, external wallsinsulation, windowsreplacement, regulation.
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Examples from energy audits (3).
• All recommended works in audit would give 96% savings, resulted with “Passive house”, heat balance shows that house should be frozen.
Specific heat consumption.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2004 Future
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m² a
nnua
lly.
Examples from implemented energy saving measures (1).
9. floors, 72 flats.
• Roof and end walls insulated on 2004,windows partly replaced, heating system balanced and regulated from thermal sub-station from 2005.
• Savings 9%• Regulation on end
users level still missing.
Specific heat consumption
100,0
120,0
140,0
160,0
180,0
200,0
220,0
2004 2005 2006
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m² a
nnua
lly.
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Examples from implemented energy saving measures (2).
17. floors 64. flats.
• 4 side walls insulated 2005, heating system balanced.
• Savings 18%• Can be realistic that
regulation on end users level can lead to the heat consumption 140 kWh/living area annually.
Specific heat consumption
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
2003 2004 2005 2006 Future
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m² a
nnua
lly
Examples from implemented energy saving measures (3).
5 floors 80 flats.
• External walls insulation and windows replacementuntil 2004, pipes insulation in basement, heating system balancing and sub-station automatisation afterwords.
• Savings 29%
Specific heat consumption.
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
kWh
/ lvi
ng a
rea
m² a
nnua
lly.
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Examples from implemented energy saving measures (4).
5 floors 75 flats.
• All external walls insulated, basement and staircases windows replaced until 2005.
• Afterwords heating system regulated from sub-station.
• Savings 14 %
Specific heat consumption
100105110115120125130135140145150
2003 2004 2005 2006
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m² a
nnua
lly.
Examples from implemented energy saving measures (5).
4 floors 56 flats.
• Total external walls insulation on 2004, after windows replacement on 2005 consumption rised (luck of ventilation or indoor temperature regulation with windows?)
Specific heat consumption.
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m² a
nnua
lly
After windows replacing
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Examples from implemented energy saving measures (6).
9 floors 72 flats.• All external walls insulated and windows with ventilation system replaced on 2001,
• heating system renovated until the end users level (thermoregulator) on2002,
• 2003 heat allocation system was installed (saving motivation!).
• Savings 45%
Specific heat consumption.
80,0
100,0
120,0
140,0
160,0
180,0
200,0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
kWh
/ liv
ing
area
m² a
nnua
lly
Conclusions based on examplesEnergy audits quality demand to be controlled.True heating system regulation and automatization is possible to realize major part of potential savings.The work princip and how to use Thermoregulator should be clear for every end user.
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Economical view.• SPBP on saved energy cost by external walls
insulation based on examples are between 12 – 25 year.
• Heat regulation equipment (sub-stations, regulators etc) pays back on shorter time.
• To save 1 MWh heat in previous examples has been invested about 1280 EUR. On the level of heat price 38 EUR/MWh this pays back about 30 years.
Thank you for attencion!
Energy auditor:Aare Vabamägi
aareva@estpak.ee
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October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 1
An example of a Successful Project for Reducing Energy Consumption in
Buildings
Blaženka Pospiš Perpar
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Content
1. Presentation of the El-tec Mulej company2. Energy management and our activities3. Project of performance contracting4. Conclusions
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October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 3
We contribute to lowering energy consumption and help to preserve the environment.
Mission and slogan
energy of the green future
October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 4
To become the leading provider of integrated solutions in the South-East Europe in the fields of:
district heating systems; water supply systems; efficient lighting;energy management.
Directed towards development and future, we are constantly improving the existing systems, developing high-quality products and services, incorporating the latest scientific achievements to meet the needs of the customers and to ensure mutual satisfaction and benefits.
Our vision
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October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 5
Business information: Revenues: € 5.35 millionEmployees: 34Two daughter companies: in Serbia El-tec Mulej Nišin Croatia: Energoglobal
Places of operation
Places of business operation
Slovenia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,
October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 6
District heating systems
We offer integrated solutions in the field of economic construction planning, renovation and management of production sources, distribution and consumption of heating and cooling.
ELTEC Danfoss Aqua MultiELTEC Danfoss HKYELTEC TP-05 and Danfoss ELC 300 SELTEC SCADAELTEC TERMIS
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Water supply systems
We offer integrated solutions in the field of economic planning of construction, renovation and management of production sources, distribution and consumption of drinking water.
ELTEC Danfoss Water SystemsELTEC AQUIS
October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 8
Efficient lighting
We offer integrated solutions in the field of economic planning of construction, renovation and management of lighting systems for:
Production plantsSports facilitiesPublic lighting Other types of buildings and facilities
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Energy management
We offer integrated solutions in the field of energymanagement:
The goal of the building owner is to ensure optimal consumption of energy: Achieve the biggest comfort with the lowest costs
Modern energy management: Continuous optimization of energyand water consumption
October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 10
Energy management objectives
EM stands for a continuous optimization of energy and water consumption, which can be achieved by:
Optimal planning and choice of energy equipmentProfessional installation of energy equipmentMaintenance of energy equipmentControl and supervision of results
EM objectives: Reducing costs / reducing energy (water) consumption Reducing the harmful effects to the environment
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Energy management
Not knowing the energy problematic;Implementing individual phases (maintenance, control of invoices);Decentralized, everyone is responsible only for his share; No possibility for analysis, every improvement seems too expensive.
Building owners as energy managers:
October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 12
El-tec Mulej Bled services are multi-faceted :Energy audit;Findig solutions for savings;Evaluation of the investment needed to implement measures required to save energy and water, professional and optimal choice of equipment;Calculation of the repayment period, IRR,…;Maintenance and supervision;Constant monitoring of consumption.
Energy management
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October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 13
EMPHASIS:
Integrated solutions, projects for determining energy efficiency; Implementation of “turn-key basis” projects;Taking over the risk (payment dependant on the effects).
Energy management
October 18, 2007 EL-TEC Mulej, d.o.o. 14
Presentation of a successful project
PROJECT OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE CONTRACTING
Municipality of Kranj, 53,000 inhabitants;Public tender in 2001 for a group of 14 buildings;Help of state institutions (tender, agreement…);
The contract was signed in October 2001
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BASIC AGREEMENT
MAIN SERVICE OF THE CONTRACTOR –guaranteed savings Reference period: 1 Januar 1999 to 31 December 1999Date of implementing the main service: 1 September 2002Termination of agreement: 31 August 2017Financing from the contractor: repayments dependant on the achieved savingsThe measures in the first year only on nine objects
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BASIC AGREEMENT
Energy consumption cost basis: Heating: € 319,745Electricity: € 187,032TOTAL € 506,777Ensured savings:Heating: € 48,393Electricity: € 9,120TOTAL: € 57,513
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BASIC MEASURES
Replacing worn-out heating equipment (boilers, pumps,…);
Isolation on installations;
Modernization or implementation of regulation for internal central heating installations;
Hydraulic balancing;
Implementing remote control;
Modernizing lighting.
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Mutual responsibilities
CONTRACTOR’S OBLIGATIONS
To ensure energy savings ⇒ maintenance of all measures;To provide access to system database;To issue an adjustment (settlement) three months after the end of the financial period.
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OBLIGATIONS OF THE CLIENT – cooperation The client must:
Ensure that settings and installations, which were implemented on the energy saving devices by the contractor, are not changed in any way Inform the contractor in writing of any changes in the use of buildings at least two months prior to such change(s) taking place
BASIC AGREEMENT – mutual responsibilities
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FEATURES OF PAST FINANCIAL PERIODS
Changes of use in several buildings:increasing usable building space, cooperation in the planning and implementation of heating systems;Heating and air-ventilation issuenon-functioning of air-conditioning systems, improvements of standards;
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Savings achieved in every building, except one where we put in the operation air-conditioning system and thus achieved the previously prescribed, but non-attained standard;
Two buildings required special attention, otherwise no savings could be achieved;
Other buildings provided greater savings than expected;
FEATURES OF PAST FINANCIAL PERIODS
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Savings from 15% to 50%;
The biggest savings were achieved in the 2006/2007period, when the value of the DD achieved only 72%of reference value;
FEATURES OF PAST FINANCIAL PERIODS
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RESULTSSavings in five financial periods
-40,00
-30,00
-20,00
-10,00
0,00
10,00
20,00
30,00
40,00
50,00
60,00
1 2 3 6 7 8 10 12 13
%
2002/20032003/20042004/20052005/20062006/2007guar.savings
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CONCLUSIONS
Good practice examples are a good encouragement for others and also for us (otherprojects); There are many such projects in industry, few in municipalities, none in building sector;
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CONCLUSIONS
Energy management is still developing in Slovenia, there are many opportunities, but alsomany barriers:Lack of knowledge about this kind of projects;Public procurement procedure is complicated forperformance contracting;Financing.
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www.el-tec-mulej.com
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BULGARIAN BULGARIAN ENERGY EFFICIENCY FUNDENERGY EFFICIENCY FUND
FINANCING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN FINANCING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGSBUILDINGS
Market snapshotMarket snapshotPublic and private buildings with gross living area larger than 1000sq.m. are subject to an obligatory energy audit by a certified auditing company (Energy Efficiency Act 2003, amended 2006).Municipalities have restrictions on the amount debt can raise (20% of revenues).Limited government support for EE in Buildings (A & B certificates).
Certificate A – property tax exemption for 10 yearsCertificate B – property tax exemption for 5 years
Public procurement act has to be complied with, when selecting both project developer and financing institution“Real savings” vs. “Normalized savings”
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Market snapshot Market snapshot –– householdshouseholdsUrgent need for investments, but reluctance of households to act together;No tradition in forming apartment blocks associations or condominiums;Lack of adequate legislation to regulate the matter;Huge potential for energy savings;Many people = many problems;“Real savings” vs. “Normalized savings”
Market snapshot Market snapshot –– supply sidesupply sideMainstream commercial bank lendingEnergy efficiency dedicated lending
EBRD BEERECL – through commercial banks; spiced up with a grant component from Kozloduy International Decommissioning Support Fund (KIDSF);EBRD credit line for households; spiced up with 20% grant component,(capped);EIB – municipal lending via commercial banks + up to 5% grant component;EIB – upcoming energy efficiency credit line with grant component similar to the EBRD line;
Bulgarian Energy Efficiency FundDirect lending or co-financingPartial credit guarantees or portfolio guarantees
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Market snapshot Market snapshot –– intermediariesintermediariesMany equipment providersEngineering companiesMany certified energy auditing companies
Energy audits of buildings –110 certified companiesEnergy audits of industry – about 38 certified companies
Very few ESCOsTypical and “quasi” ESCO (total about 25-30).
Bulgarian Energy Efficiency Fund
What is BEEF?What is BEEF?BEEF is a revolving mechanism for development and financing of commercially viable projects and for the necessary capacity building. Established with the provisions of the Energy Efficiency Act;Initial capitalization – approx. EUR 12 million;Donations from the Bulgarian Government, the World Bank (Global Environment Facility), the Government of Austria, Enemona AD, DZI Bank, “Lukoil” AD and other donors;Objective: Financing or guaranteeing projects targeting Energy Efficiency improvements.
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PrinciplesPrinciplesPublic-Private Partnership;Independently managed, autonomous legal entity ;Ability to Self-finance its operations ;Transparency in administration of financial resources ;Providing equal opportunities for all applicants for project financing ;Significant GHG reduction.
Partnerships with commercial banks and Partnerships with commercial banks and other institutionsother institutionsCommercial banks
framework agreements for co-financingAdvanced negotiations for engineering a designated credit line for EE projects in multifamily apartment blocks.
UNDP and the government of BulgariaTrilateral agreement with UNDP and the Ministry of Regional Development
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EE in buildings EE in buildings –– barriers/solutionsbarriers/solutions
EE potential Bankableproject Banks
Technical assistance
BgEEF
Institutional barriershigh financial riskpovertylack of collateralmany people = many problems
ESCOs Operating risks – real vs. normaizedsavingsFinancial risk – receivables are of poor qualityMany counterpartiesBulgarian Energy Efficiency Fund
Portfolio PCGsTarget – ESCOs, retail banking for
EE projects in residential buildingsup to 5% first loss cover on a portfolio basisVery high risk tolerancelow guarantee fees Technical assistance
BgEEF direct financingTarget – housing associations
+public buildingsCheaperHigh risk toleranceSmaller projectsTechnical assistanceFast processing
Project PCGsTarget – ESCOs, public
buildings, housing ass.Up to 80% cover0.5% to 1.5% paTechnical assistance
Eligibility criteria Eligibility criteria
Energy efficiency investment projects of companies, municipalities and physical persons;
Volume of investment BGN 30 000 – BGN 3 000 000;
Equity contribution of project developer – at least 10%;
Duration – up to 5 years;
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Eligibility criteria Eligibility criteria
At least 50% of the project’s economic benefits must come from measurable energy savings; The project must introduce proven energy saving technology; The contribution of the project developer have to be:
at least 10% in case of co-financing schedule /BgEEF + Commercial bank/25% in case of one-source financing /BgEEF only/;According to the rules of the commercial bank in case of PCGs
The project has to have a payback time of up to 5 years;
Types of projects: Types of projects:
Investments in improved EE in industrial processes, including Purchase of equipment, machines and tools; Training; Technical assistance, etc .Rehabilitation of buildingsImprovements to the heat source and distribution systemFuel Switch projectsHeating insulationReconstruction of the heat source and the distribution system;Improvements to mechanical heating ventilation and air conditioning Rehabilitation of municipal facilities (e.g. street lighting)Small cogeneration systems
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Track record of BgEEF: Track record of BgEEF:
Nearly two years of operations (since January 2006).58 registered projects. Total amount of the pipeline EUR 13mln.Approved number of projects – 33 (another 23 being evaluated)Approved projects for EUR 7 mln.Expected number of projects by the end of 2007 – 45.Expected amount of approved projects by the end of 2007 –EUR 7 to 8 mln.The vast majority of projects is in buildings – hospitals, schools, universities, kindergartens
Multi-flatapartment building
Portfolio guaranteePortfolio guarantee
BANK
apt 1
BEEF
apt. 2 apt. 3
The state provides up to 50-55% subsidy (with UNDP programme) for the pilot and it is expected to provide 30% subsidy thereafter.BEEF guarantees the first 5% losses of the portfolio
CONSTRUCTIONCOMPANY
Financing each household separately with EUR 2500
Each household repays separately to the bank
BEEF approves the projects technical parameters
Project implementation
Portfolio: EUR10 000 000Guarantee: EUR 500 000 (5% of portfolio)Maturity: 5 years
UNDP
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ProjectsProjectsMUNICIPAL HOSPITAL LUKOVIT
Project Cost – EUR 40 000
Pay-back Period– 1,6 yearsApplied Energy Saving Measures:
New natural gas-fueled automated heating system;Fuel switching from naphta to natural gas;New circulating pumps for the heating system; Elimination of 32 electrical hot water boilers and the transition to centralized hot water supply.
Estimated Savings of Electricity – 975 000 kWh (65 000 kWh/p.a.)
Estimated Savings of Heat Energy – 4 275 000 kWh (285 000 kWh/p.a.)
Estimated Savings of Emissions in CO2 Equivalent –5 072,9 t (338,2 t/p.a.)
ProjectsProjectsMUNICIPAL HOUSING FUND - DOBRICH
Project Cost – EUR 300 000
Pay-back Period – 4,7 years
Applied Energy Saving Measures:Replacement of windows with a new 3-chamber PVC frame and glass package;Insulation of external walls.
Estimated Savings of Electricity – 4 734 450 kWh (315 630 kWh/p.a.)
Estimated Savings of Emissions in CO2 Equivalent –10 940,0 t (729,3 t/p.a.)
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ProjectsProjectsMUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION AND COMMUNITY CENTER “N. VAPTSAROV”
Project Cost – EUR 130 000
Pay-back Period – 4,3 years
Applied Energy Saving Measures:Replacement of the existing wood and metal window frames with PVC double glazed glass package;Thermal insulation of outside walls;Insulation of floor above unheated basement floor;Fuel switching: new boilers burning wood briquettes;Reconstruction of the heating installation.
Estimated Savings of Energy – 3 153 990 kWh (315 399 kWh/p.a.)
Estimated Savings of Emissions in CO2 Equivalent –14 271,1 t (1 427,1 t/p.a.)
ProjectsProjectsMUNICIPALITY OF DVE MOGILI
Project Cost – EUR 50 000
Pay-back Period – 4,6 years
Applied Energy Saving Measures:Replacement of window frames with PVC profile and glass package;Thermal insulation of external walls.
Estimated Savings of Heat Energy –1 911 830 kWh (191 183 kWh/p.a.)Estimated Savings of Emissions in CO2 Equivalent –
687,1 t (68,7 t/p.a.)
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ProjectsProjectsMEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV
Project Cost – EUR 75 000
Pay-back Period – 5,0 years
Applied Energy Saving Measures:Thermal insulationReplacement of windosReconstruction and upgrade of the heating system;Reconstruction of the hot water supply system.
Estimated Savings of Heat Energy – 3 681 270 kWh (245 418 kWh/p.a.)
Estimated Savings of Emissions in CO2 Equivalent –1 300,9 t (86,7 t/p.a.)
ProjectsProjectsFIVE KINDERGARDENS IN KARLOVO (ESCO)
Borrower – “Enemona” AA (ESCO)
Project Cost – EUR 400 000
Pay-back Period – 4,0 years
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Contacts: Contacts: Ivan Gerginov – Executive director
“Kuzman Shapkarev” str. № 4Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
tel: +359 (2) 81 000 80fax: +359 (2) 81 000 05
e-mail: info@bgeef.comWeb: www.bgeef.com
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1
Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
JRC Workshopon Scientific Technical Reference
on Renewable Energy & Use EfficiencyCracow, 13-14 September 2007
Andrzej Rajkiewicz, Aleksander PanekNarodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A. (NAPE)Ul. Filtrowa 100-611 Warszawa, PolandTel. (+48 22 825 19 77), 825 52 85 arajkiewicz@nape.pl
„Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings”
Good practices in energy efficiency measures in Good practices in energy efficiency measures in buildings different typesbuildings different types
(multi(multi--family, public, entrepreneurs)family, public, entrepreneurs)
2
NAPENAPE –– NationalNational EnergyEnergy ConservationConservation AgencyAgency
Founded 10/1994Founded 10/1994Owned: 7Owned: 72,62,6% to Energy Conservation % to Energy Conservation FoundationFoundation, , 27,427,4% to % to employees and private personsemployees and private personsPresident: President: AleksanderAleksander PanekPanek, , ViceVice--PresidentsPresidents Andrzej Andrzej Rajkiewicz, Andrzej WiszniewskiRajkiewicz, Andrzej Wiszniewski1144 fullfull--timetime employedemployed, 40 , 40 temporarytemporary staffstaffRevenue 200Revenue 20066: : appapp. 9. 900 T00 T€€Main activities: energy auditing of all types of buildings and Main activities: energy auditing of all types of buildings and energy sources, training, publications, software, political energy sources, training, publications, software, political papers, legal issues concerning implementation of EU papers, legal issues concerning implementation of EU directives related to energy efficiencydirectives related to energy efficiency and performance in and performance in buildingsbuildings, , energyenergy savingsaving consulting for consulting for differentdifferent typestypes ofofclientsclients
Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
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NAPENAPE –– relation relation toto housinghousing sectorsector
is backed by the Technical University of is backed by the Technical University of WarsawWarsawprovides expertise on energy efficient provides expertise on energy efficient refurbishment of buildings for central and local refurbishment of buildings for central and local government, housing associationgovernment, housing associationss and other and other owners of building stock owners of building stock develops refurbishment schemes that integrate develops refurbishment schemes that integrate building envelope, heating and ventilating building envelope, heating and ventilating technology and energy supplytechnology and energy supplydevelops scheme of EPBD implementationdevelops scheme of EPBD implementation(which was ready in mid 2005)(which was ready in mid 2005)
Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
4
NAPENAPE –– performanceperformanceOver Over 202000 energy audits of buildings different types (15% 00 energy audits of buildings different types (15% of the market)of the market)Over 2000 trained energy auditorsOver 2000 trained energy auditorsOver 50 projects performed in international cooperation Over 50 projects performed in international cooperation on EE refurbishment of buildings, promotion of on EE refurbishment of buildings, promotion of cogeneration, RES, financing energy efficiencycogeneration, RES, financing energy efficiencyCoCo--aauthoruthor of countryof country--wide system to support energy wide system to support energy efficient retrofitting of buildings adopted by Polish efficient retrofitting of buildings adopted by Polish Parliament 1998Parliament 1998Initiator and leader of preparation introduction ofInitiator and leader of preparation introduction ofEU EPBD in PolandEU EPBD in Poland
Initiator and supporting member of Energy Auditors Initiator and supporting member of Energy Auditors Association Association –– ZAEZAE (600 (600 membersmembers -- auditorsauditors))Initiator and supporting member of Association Initiator and supporting member of Association ‘‘Energy Energy and Environment Protectionand Environment Protection’’ –– SAPESAPE (8 (8 membersmembers ––regionalregional energyenergy efficiencyefficiency agenciesagencies))
Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
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Number of inhabitants 38,2 millionNumber of inhabitants 38,2 millionNumber of dwellings 12,596 million in totalNumber of dwellings 12,596 million in totalAverage number of inhabitantsAverage number of inhabitantststs per dwelling 3,03per dwelling 3,03Number of social dwellings in narrow terms (for vulnerable Number of social dwellings in narrow terms (for vulnerable families) 30 000families) 30 000Number of social dwellings in wider terms app. 7 million in Number of social dwellings in wider terms app. 7 million in 0,6 million buildings (40% co0,6 million buildings (40% co--operatives, operatives, 40% 40% HOAsHOAs, , remaining part municipalities, private owners, enterprises, remaining part municipalities, private owners, enterprises, state)state)Disposable income Disposable income appapp.. 1800 1800 euro/householdeuro/householdTotal housing expenditures Total housing expenditures inin averageaverage 18,6%, where for heat 18,6%, where for heat 6%6%Non payable bills 5Non payable bills 5--10% of tenants10% of tenants
Facts about the (social) residential housing stock
Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Existing residential building stock in Poland (2002)
58 944352 146464 811439 920942 343497 126236 8442 992 134rural area
46 513266 202298 650236 578425 199331 041176 4111 780 594urban area
105 457618 348763 461676 4981 367 542828 167413 2554 772 728total
200219881978197019441918
after 20021988 -1979 -1971 -1944 -1918 -before
Buildings constructed in:
total
85%
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OwnershipOwnership structurestructure ofof dwellingsdwellings inin PolandPoland
47%
27%
11%
10% 3% 1%1%PrivateCo-operativesPrivate in HOAsMunicipalEneterprisesOthersTBS
Source: (2005) Central Statistical Office
Total: 12 776 100
8
240-380
160-200
50-10030-60
120-160
do 1985
1986-1992
wg aktualnych wymagań
P O L S K A Niemcy Szwecja
1993-1997
od 1998
90-120
Average heat consumption for heating in kWh/m2 usable areadepending on period of construction of buildings
85%
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
To overcome the deficits, the bonus systemwas 1998 introduced (Thermofund)
the minimum calculated energy savings after refurbishment should exceed for complex measures 25%/a ( in average in Poland for housing stock it is app. 40%/y)the monthly rate of repayment of the loan should not exceed the monthly calculated energy savings over 10 years (calculation period)the loan can be obtained up to 80% of total refurbishment costthe bonus from the state budget is given to the bank, which finances the refurbishment in given building, in amount 25% of the loan (bonus for reduction of the capital) just after accomplishment of the measures identified in energy audit of the buildingthe fundamental document necessary for obtaining the state support is the energy audit, which scope and form are regulated by the Ordinance of Ministry of Infrastructure from 15.01.2002; the energy audit gives the technical assumptions for the refurbishment and estimates the cost of measures and their effectiveness, as well as calculates the monthly rate of repayment of the loan, required own sources and the amount of the loanthe energy audits are subject of verification their compliance with Law by the national Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
State policy towards reduction of energy consumption of buildings
Thermomodernisation Act from 18 December 1998
--conversion of conventional energy sources into renewable (unconventional) ones
at least 20%reduction of annual heat costs
connection to district heating network due to liquidation of local sources
at least 20%reduction of annual energy losses
modernization of local heat source and district heating networks
at least 25%or at least 15% when the heating system was modernized during 1985-2001
reduction of annual energy demand
comprehensive modernization
at least 10%reduction of annual energy demand
modernization of heating system in building, exclusively
Savings achievedType of savingsThermomodernisation project
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Utilisation of Polish Thermofund
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Number of applictions for grant – total 8346
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Utilisation of the Fund by categoriesof buildings (by the end of 2006)
40%
40%
7%
13%
HOACooperativesSingle-familyOthers
HOA buildings 3300
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Perception of the systemIntermediary results of assessment:
the Polish scheme was constructed as instrument dedicated especially to residential multifamily buildings. It was assumed that during the10 years of activity of the system (starting 1999) app. 50,000 buildings with 2,500,000 apartments will be retrofitted with utilization of the scheme. Until now app. 10% of this goals was achieved. The reasons for delay are:
in initial period till 2001 the calculation period for repayment of loans from savings (in energy audits) was 7 years. Starting 2002, this period equals to 10 years. This modification of law made the meeting of criteria of obtaining the bonus more attractive.the scheme was not assisted until 2002 by active awareness campaign -implementation of “Friendly Home” campaign is one of reasons the increased the number of applicantslow social acceptance for financing own investments by loans due to high interest rates (from 30% in 1999 to 8% in 2006); now over 10,000,000 loans have been given to individual households for consumer goodstemporary lack of sources in the Thermorenovation Fund (2005-2007)
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Recommendations
Since the state system is proven, affordable by Since the state system is proven, affordable by tenants and transparent it is necessary to extend the tenants and transparent it is necessary to extend the budget of the Thermobudget of the Thermofundfund and to combine it with the and to combine it with the environmental funds and/or with EU structural funds environmental funds and/or with EU structural funds 20072007--20132013To introduce innovative financing, which can To introduce innovative financing, which can support creation of support creation of own equityown equity (20% (20% ofof investmentinvestmentsum) sum) for for thethe loanloan, which lack is most important , which lack is most important barrier in achievingbarrier in achieving creditworthiness of creditworthiness of HOAsHOAs
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Conclusions
Estimation of needed Estimation of needed subsidysubsidy underunder existingexisting systemsystemsays about 630,000,000 EURO when the goals of the says about 630,000,000 EURO when the goals of the system system (set (set upup 1998) 1998) have to be achieved. It means have to be achieved. It means 157,000,500 euro/yearly during next 4 years. The plan 157,000,500 euro/yearly during next 4 years. The plan for next year is 64,102,000 eurofor next year is 64,102,000 euroThere is still opened question, how to finance the There is still opened question, how to finance the retrofitting of remaining part of housing stock retrofitting of remaining part of housing stock constructed 1945constructed 1945--1988 e.g. app 567 931 buildings with 1988 e.g. app 567 931 buildings with 77 046 746 dwellings046 746 dwellings..The estimated value of retrofitting measures is app. The estimated value of retrofitting measures is app.
50 billion euro, while with existing system it is 50 billion euro, while with existing system it is possible to cover 1 billion europossible to cover 1 billion euro//yearyear
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Current state policy – changes in Law
Changes in criteria for Changes in criteria for subsidisingsubsidising the EE measures the EE measures in buildings:in buildings:
Reduction of the bonus from 25% to 20% of the loanReduction of the bonus from 25% to 20% of the loanCanceling the requirement of 20% own sourcesCanceling the requirement of 20% own sourcesNo matching with EU cost refundingNo matching with EU cost refunding
Introduction of additional bonus in amount of up to Introduction of additional bonus in amount of up to 20% of investment sum and up to 30 % of the loan for 20% of investment sum and up to 30 % of the loan for buildings constructed before 1961buildings constructed before 1961Introduction of special bonus (related to the value of Introduction of special bonus (related to the value of building) for buildings, which were building) for buildings, which were privatlyprivatly owned, but owned, but there was minimum one municipal dwellingthere was minimum one municipal dwelling
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Good practice in multi-family building
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Example of performed project (2003)
Building constructed 1963, construction material - panels,number of apartments 48, 2400 sqm space
List of implemented measures:
•Insulation of walls 13 cm
•Refurbishment of skylights
•Insulation of roof 12 cm
•Modernization of heating installation
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Example of performed project
•Cost of measures 95 000 euro
40 euro/m2 = 1980 euro/dwelling•Yearly heat cost savings 9 500 euro
•Yearly heat consumption savings 41,7%
•Own sources collected 20 000 euro
•Loan 75 000 euro
•Bonus from the state 25%=18 750 euro
•Installment 56 250 euro + interest
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Conditions and results
•Renovation charge raised to 1 euro/sqm/month e.g. 2000 euro/month during 1 year before project
•Monthly rate of installment and interest to be repaid 775 euro/month (during 10 years)
•Tenants have reduced the private income tax through renovation tax regulation
•The heat comfort is better
•The market value of the flat raised by 10%
•The heat cost reduced by 0,45 euro/sqm/month e.g. 25 euro/month/apartment
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Good practice in public building
TULIPAN Office Building
To be constructed in Warsaw
22
Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Scope of pre-designed EE measuresPrePre--heating and preheating and pre--cooling of ventilation air by an underground cooling of ventilation air by an underground tunneltunnelTTriri--generation gas turbine for producing electricity, heat and generation gas turbine for producing electricity, heat and cold cold –– in combination with traditional gas heating boilersin combination with traditional gas heating boilersCCold storage system old storage system -- CristopiaCristopiaHHeat recovery elementseat recovery elementsPV systemPV systemArchitectural solutions for maximizing daylights accessArchitectural solutions for maximizing daylights accessSensor steered light systemSensor steered light systemThermal insulationThermal insulationRain water managementRain water managementEnergy balance of proposed energy conservation measures Energy balance of proposed energy conservation measures
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
ECONOMY OF MEASURES
Base line
Heat recovery
unit
Plus underground
tunnel Plus
trigeneration
Additional investments cost th. € 0,0 0,0 27,7 192,1 Additional maitenance costs [th. €/year] 0,0 0,0 0,0 10,5 Total energy costs [th. €/year] 137,0 122,1 117,3 81,4 Total maintenance and energy [th. €/year] 137,0 122,1 117,3 91,9 Savings [th. €/year] 5,0 14,9 4,8 30,2 SPTB x x 5,7 6,4 IRR 15,4% 13,3%
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Status
The investor resigned on The investor resigned on implementation despite of available implementation despite of available subsidy from EC (35% of cost of subsidy from EC (35% of cost of additional measuresadditional measuresReason: currently the rent of office Reason: currently the rent of office spaces in Poland does not depend spaces in Poland does not depend on the energy performance of on the energy performance of buildingsbuildings
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Financing issues
ThereThere isis wellwell workingworking financingfinancingschemescheme for for refurbishmentrefurbishment ofofresidentialresidential andand publicpublic nonnon--profit profit buildingsbuildingsThereThere areare somesome opportunitiesopportunities to to supportsupport thethe EE EE measuresmeasures ininbuildingsbuildings fromfrom EU EU StructuralStructural fundsfundsduringduring 20072007--20132013
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Financing issues
ThereThere isis wellwell workingworking financingfinancing schemeschemefor for refurbishmentrefurbishment ofof residentialresidential andandpublicpublic nonnon--profit profit buildingsbuildings (215% (215% paybackpayback to to thethe statestate budgetbudget))ThereThere areare somesome opportunitiesopportunities to to supportsupportthethe EE EE measuresmeasures inin buildingsbuildings fromfrom EU EU StructuralStructural fundsfunds duringduring 20072007--20132013
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in residential buildings
UseUse of EFRE Funds of EFRE Funds forfor HousingHousing isis regulatedregulated in in ArticleArticle 7 7 (REGULATION (EC) No 1080/2006 of 5 (REGULATION (EC) No 1080/2006 of 5 JulyJuly 2006 on 2006 on thethe ERDF) ERDF)
2. 2. ExpenditureExpenditure on on housinghousing shallshall bebe eligibleeligible onlyonly forfor thosethose MemberMember StatesStatesthatthat accededacceded to to thethe European Union on European Union on oror afterafter 1 May 2004 and in 1 May 2004 and in thethefollowingfollowing circumstancescircumstances: :
(a)(a) expenditureexpenditure shallshall bebe programmedprogrammed withinwithin thethe frameworkframework of an of an integratedintegratedurban urban developmentdevelopment operationoperation oror prioritypriority axisaxis forfor areasareas experiencingexperiencing ororthreatenedthreatened byby physicalphysical deteriorationdeterioration and and socialsocial exclusionexclusion;;
(b)(b) thethe allocationallocation to to housinghousing expenditureexpenditure shallshall bebe eithereither a a maximummaximum of 3 % of 3 % of of thethe ERDF ERDF allocationallocation to to thethe operational operational programmesprogrammes concernedconcerned oror 2 % 2 % of of thethe total ERDF total ERDF allocationallocation;;
(c)(c) expenditureexpenditure shallshall bebe limitedlimited to:to:—— multimulti--familyfamily housinghousing, , oror—— buildingsbuildings ownedowned byby publicpublic authoritiesauthorities oror nonnon--profitoperatorsprofitoperators forfor useuseas as housinghousing designateddesignated forfor lowlow--incomeincome householdshouseholds oror peoplepeople withwithspecialspecial needsneeds..
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in residential buildings
Rules for the implementation Rules for the implementation (REGULATION (EC) No 1828/2006 of 8 December 2006)(REGULATION (EC) No 1828/2006 of 8 December 2006)
Eligibility of expenditure on housing Eligibility of expenditure on housing ((Article 47, Interventions in the field of housing)Article 47, Interventions in the field of housing)
1. 1. The areas selected for housing operations referred to in The areas selected for housing operations referred to in point (a) of Article 7(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006 point (a) of Article 7(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006 shall comply with at least three of the following criteria, shall comply with at least three of the following criteria, two of which must fall within those listed under points (a) two of which must fall within those listed under points (a) to (h):to (h):
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in residential buildings
Rules of implementation:Rules of implementation:(a) a high level of poverty and exclusion;(a) a high level of poverty and exclusion;(b) a high level of long(b) a high level of long--term unemployment;term unemployment;(c) precarious demographic trends;(c) precarious demographic trends;(d) a low level of education, significant skills deficiencies an(d) a low level of education, significant skills deficiencies and d
high dropout rates from school;high dropout rates from school;(e) a high level of criminality and delinquency;(e) a high level of criminality and delinquency;(f) a particularly rundown environment;(f) a particularly rundown environment;(g) a low level of economic activity;(g) a low level of economic activity;(h) a high number of immigrants, ethnic and minority groups, (h) a high number of immigrants, ethnic and minority groups,
or refugees;or refugees;
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in residential buildings
Rules of implementation:Rules of implementation:(i) a comparatively low level of housing value;(i) a comparatively low level of housing value;(j) (j) a low level of energy performance in buildings.a low level of energy performance in buildings.
The values for the criteria set out in the first subparagraph The values for the criteria set out in the first subparagraph shall be collected by each Member State concerned at shall be collected by each Member State concerned at national level.national level.
The benchmarking values for each criterion shall be The benchmarking values for each criterion shall be determined in partnership between the Commission and determined in partnership between the Commission and each Member State.each Member State.
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in residential buildings
2. Only the following interventions shall be eligible under poin2. Only the following interventions shall be eligible under point (c) of t (c) of Article 7 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006:Article 7 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006:
(a) (a) renovationrenovation of the common partsof the common parts of multiof multi--family residential family residential buildingsbuildings, as, as
follows:follows:(i) refurbishment of the following main structural parts of the (i) refurbishment of the following main structural parts of the building: building: roof,roof,fafaççade, windows and doors on the faade, windows and doors on the faççade, staircase, inside and ade, staircase, inside and outside corridors, entrances and their exteriors, elevator;outside corridors, entrances and their exteriors, elevator;ii) technical installations of the building;ii) technical installations of the building;iii) energyiii) energy--efficiency actions.efficiency actions.
(b) (b) delivery ofdelivery of modern social housingmodern social housing of good quality through of good quality through renovation and change of use of existing buildings owned by publrenovation and change of use of existing buildings owned by public ic authorities or nonauthorities or non--profit operators.profit operators.
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in residential buildings
2. Only the following interventions shall be eligible under poin2. Only the following interventions shall be eligible under point (c) of t (c) of Article 7 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006:Article 7 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006:
(a) (a) renovationrenovation of the common partsof the common parts of multiof multi--family residential family residential buildingsbuildings, as, as
follows:follows:(i) refurbishment of the following main structural parts of the (i) refurbishment of the following main structural parts of the building: building: roof,roof,fafaççade, windows and doors on the faade, windows and doors on the faççade, staircase, inside and ade, staircase, inside and outside corridors, entrances and their exteriors, elevator;outside corridors, entrances and their exteriors, elevator;ii) technical installations of the building;ii) technical installations of the building;iii) energyiii) energy--efficiency actions.efficiency actions.
(b) (b) delivery ofdelivery of modern social housingmodern social housing of good quality through of good quality through renovation and change of use of existing buildings owned by publrenovation and change of use of existing buildings owned by public ic authorities or nonauthorities or non--profit operators.profit operators.
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in residential buildings
New financial instrument available: New financial instrument available: JESSICA JESSICA –– Joint European Support for Sustainable Investment in Joint European Support for Sustainable Investment in City Areas City Areas ThisThis isis a a Joint initiative of the EU Commission, the EIB Joint initiative of the EU Commission, the EIB and the Council of Europe. and the Council of Europe. The aim is promoting sustainable investment in urban The aim is promoting sustainable investment in urban areas. areas. The instrument provides a possibility to allocate part of The instrument provides a possibility to allocate part of structural funds to create structural funds to create urban development fundsurban development funds, , whichwhich cancan financefinance thethe measuresmeasures inin buildingsbuildings by soft by soft loansloans, , equityequity oror guaranteesguarantees
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for EE refurbishmentmeasures in urban areas
E U R O P E A N C O M M I S S IO NS t r u c t u r a l F u n d s
E U R O P E A N C O M M IS S I O NS t r u c t u r a l F u n d s
M E M B E R S T A T EV ia a d e s ig n a t e d M a n a g i n g A u t h o r i t y
M E M B E R S T A T EV i a a d e s i g n a t e d M a n a g in g A u t h o r i t y
EU
Leve
lNa
tiona
l /or
regio
nalL
evel
H o ld i n g F u n dH o l d in g F u n d
U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T F U N DU R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T F U N D
Natio
nal/re
giona
l/Lo
cal L
evel
Regio
nal/L
ocal
Leve
l
P r o je c ts f o r m in g p a r t o f a n In t e g r a t e d P l a n fo r S u s ta in a b le U r b a n D e v e lo p m e n t
G r a n t ( n o t r e p a y a b le a s lo n g a s E C R e g u la t io n s a d h e r e d to )
o p t i o n a l
In v e s t m e n t (e q u it y , lo a n o r g u a r a n t e e )
O T H E R I N V E S T O R S( P u b l i c & P r i v a t e )
O T H E R IN V E S T O R S( P u b l ic & P r iv a t e )
C I T I E SC IT IE S
I F Is / P u b l ic A g e n c i e s /
B a n k s
IF I s /P u b l ic A g e n c ie s /
B a n k s
Source: EIB
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
Interest in implementation of JESSICA
2 2 PolishPolish regionsregions –– Wielkopolska, MazowszeWielkopolska, MazowszeLatviaLatviaSlovakiaSlovakia??????
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for financing EE refurbishment measures in public buildings
(non-profit)
ProjectsProjects valuevalue > 5 000 > 5 000 000000 euro: euro: underunder thethe OP OP InfrastructureInfrastructureandand EnvironmentEnvironment
EnergyEnergy audit audit requiredrequiredReadinessReadiness for for implementationimplementation 30%30%HeatHeat demanddemand reductionreduction 30%30%CostCost ofof unit unit heatheat savingssavings 30%30%UtilisationUtilisation ofof RES RES 5%5%UtilisationUtilisation ofof CHP CHP 5%5%
ProjectProject’’ss valuevalue <5 000 <5 000 000000 euro euro inin RegionalRegional OperationalOperationalProgrammsProgramms (i(in n PolandPoland 16 16 regionsregions))
EnergyEnergy audit audit cancan be be requiredrequired
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Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii S.A.
EU Structural Funds for financing EE refurbishment measures in eneterpreneurs
buildings (manufacturing, commerce, service)
Project's value 2 000 000Project's value 2 000 000--28 000 28 000 000000 euro: under the OP euro: under the OP Innovative economyInnovative economyProjectProject’’s value <2 000 s value <2 000 000000 euro in Regional Operational euro in Regional Operational Programs (in Poland 16 regions)Programs (in Poland 16 regions)
Only as part of modernization plan of the company, which is aimeOnly as part of modernization plan of the company, which is aimed to d to raise competitiveness and to introduce the innovationsraise competitiveness and to introduce the innovationsEnergy audit can be requiredEnergy audit can be required
38
Nationwide educational program “Friendly Home”
Promotion of energy savings in buildingsin Poland
Nationwide educational program “Friendly Home”
Promotion of energy savings in buildingsin Poland
National Energy Coservation Agency
Association of Energy Auditors
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•Designing buildings
•Modernization
•Exploitation
•Certification
Scope of the program
Voluntary industry driven with government patronage
40
Target groupsTarget groups
•Private investors•Corporate investors (housing coops. , owners associations, housing managers, etc.)•Local authorities officers•Professionals•Media
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ActivitiesActivities
Publications:BrochuresPostersLeaflets
SeminarsTaking part in professional fairsCommunication platform www.domprzyjazny.pl
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• Patronage and supervision – Ministry of Construction• Professional backup – National Energy Conservation Agency,
Building Research Institute, Association of Energy Auditors, Technical Universities
• Organizational maters – external PR enterprise• Financing:
• Distribution framework agreement with Poczta Polska –National Post Company,
• Project by project:• Banks• Associations of construction materials and equipment
producers,
Organization and PartnersOrganization and Partners
dr inż. Andrzej Wiszniewski
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Projects completedProjects completed
dr inż. Andrzej Wiszniewski
• Brochures:• Low energy house – 100,000• Thermomodernisation of buildings – 400,000• One – layer wall houses – 100,000• Multi - layer wall houses – 100,000• Building superstructures and modernization of multifamily houses –100,000• Building superstructures and modernization of detached houses – 100,000• Thermomodernisation and upgrading of public houses – 50,000• Modernisation of heat supply systems in buildings – 60,000
Each brochure is accompanied by poster 5 -10 thousand
44
Andrzej RAJKIEWICZ - National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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Projects completed (cont.)Projects completed (cont.)
dr inż. Andrzej Wiszniewski
• Leaflets:•Energy-saving apartment usage – 2.5 million
•New system of buildings energy certification –60,000
•Seminars for the representatives of local authorities, building owners and administrators held in 5 cities, each attended by approximately 120 people.
•The program’s presence on several fairs.
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Projects ongoingProjects ongoing
dr inż. Andrzej Wiszniewski
• Brochure:•Co-financing retrofitting of buildings by EU Structural Funds
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Internet communication
platform
Internet communication
platform
dr inż. Andrzej Wiszniewski
owane
gotowaniu
ji
ne matria ły
ę
Termomodernizacja budynku.
Idea: Dotarcie do zarządców, użytkowników budynków i lokali w celu podniesienia świadomości korzyści płynących z termomodernizacji.
Autorzy: dr inż. Maciej Robakiewicz, dr inż. Aleksander Panek - Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii.
Jedynym sposobem ograniczenia kosztów ogrzewania ponoszonych dziś i w przyszłości jest zmniejszenie ilości zużywanej energii cieplnej. Można to osiągnąć, wykonując termomodernizację budynku.
Patronat: Departament Architektury i Budownictwa Ministerstwa Infrastruktury Narodowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii. Związek Rewizyjny Spółdzielni Mieszkaniowych RP.
Instytucje współpracujące: Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, Bank Ochrony Środowiska SA, Stowarzyszenie Producentów Styropianu, Stowarzyszenie Producentów Wełny Mineralnej: Szklanej i Skalnej, Polskie Towarzystwo Energetyki Słonecznej, Zrzeszenie Audytorów Energetycznych, European Green Cities Network.
Dystrybucja: Skierowana do administratorów budynków komunalnych i spółdzielczych, właścicieli prywatnych, również poprzez 2885 urzędów na terenie całej Polski.
Nakład: broszura - 115 000 egz. - plakatów - 10 000 egz.
Forma: Pakiet składający się z 44-stronicowej broszury A5 z plakatem B1.
Pobierz plakat (jpg) Pobierz list (.pdf)
Patronat medialny: Partner wspierający:
czegółowych informacji udziela koordynator programu: Cezary Jasiczak, tel. kom. 502 604 237, e-mail: zary.jasiczak@ardo.pl az wydawca: ARDO Publishing: ul. S łoneczna 15a, 60-286 Poznań. tel./fax (0-61) 861 00 05.
www.domprzyjazny.org
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Workshop
Effective Polices for Improving Energy Efficiency inBuildingsKrakow, Poland
Improving Energy Efficiency In Buildings: Evaluation of a Pilot Project in Residential Buildings applying PPU solutions”
Enrique Grosser Lagos
Budapest, 12. September, 2007
Overview on the Present
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Main restraints of Energy Efficiency Policies in Buildings at present
From 2000, there have been several government programmes to encourage improving energy efficiency in residential buildings, in the framework of which over 75,000 flats in prefabricated residential buildings were modernised with public support (state and/or municipal) between 2000 and 2006.
Control tests in prefabricated buildings modernised between 2000–2006 found that though there were some energy savings and improvement in the technical conditions of the buildings, a number of negative circumstances made the effectiveness and expediency of the programmes questionable.
Main restraints of Energy Efficiency Policies in Buildings at present
A lack of complexity: the planned technical interventions usually offered only partial solutions (e.g., thermal insulation of walls, replacement of doors and windows without heat control) and were often ill-considered (heat bridges, mould growth);
A low rate of return: the relatively low unit cost of investment (€1000–2000/flat) results in extremely long periods of return.
Encouraged high costs : Government programmes made the amount of support relative to costs, setting no condition on the efficiency of energy savings.
High level of subvention intensity : till 67 % of the total investment costs
Shortcomings in quality: owner-occupiers' wish to minimise costs was realised to the detriment of the quality of materials and workmanship. Contractors and suppliers assumed little responsibility for the quality of their products, renewal and installation works
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22 Co30 % A separate heating centre by block, of flats heating, heating regulation measurement by flat, completereplacement of doors and windows and thermalinsulation.
24 Co5 %
A common heating centre for several blocks of flats, no regulation of heating neither measurement of consumption by flats, partial replacement of doorsand windows or thermal insulation of walls.
25 Co0 %
A common heating centre for several blocks of flats, no regulation of heating neither measurement of consumption by flat, partial replacement of doorsand/or windows or thermal insulation of walls.
22 Co14 % A separate heating centre by block of flats, regulation of heating and measurement of consumption by flat, complete replacement of doorsand windows.
Average in doorstemperature
Energy Saving %Type of technical interventions(planned in doors temperature: 22 Co)
Realized projects evaluated: 2700 modernised flats in prefabricated buildings with district heating
Looking for a new approach in order to improve effectiviness
Establishment of a partnership of all those interested in energy saving, i.e. a Private-Public User Partnership (PPU).
Management and Operation by an Energy Efficiency Company (EFCO)
Application of complex and high quality technical solutions
Guarantees of quality by manufacturers, contractors and installers
Optimal operation on a risk basis
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Pilot project
The Project
10-story prefabricated buildings built in 1974-76
4 buildings, 768 dwellingsRange of flats size: 37-74m21962 owners/tenantshigh heating-energy loses 45%
an investment of € 4.2 millionRenewal Average costs: €5.500 per flat
Average annual heat consumption: 40,751GJ/year; 53.1 GJ/year/flatSpending on heat energy: €690/year/apartment
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
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Pillars of EFCO based Pilot Project
1. Technological solutions for improving energy efficiency
2. Legal Framework of contracting
3. Structure of financing
4. Optimal Operation
5. Communication
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
OthersHeating centerRadiatorVentilationHeating regulationHot water networkInsulationHigh insulated Windows
Technological Solution and Investment Costs (4.2 millió €)
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Energy Balance
16,00%
15,00%
6,00%3,00%
High insulated windows Insulation Heating system regulation Ventilation
Energy Saving Potential: 16.200 GJ/Year Guaranteed 12.200 GJ/Year(30 %)
System of contracting
Contract on support: concluded by the local government (LG) or the state (CG) with the community of owner-occupiers (U)
Principal contractor's contract: concluded between EFCO and the community of owner-occupiers, a ten years' guarantee of quality
Contract on operation: concluded between EFCO and the community of owner-occupiers for a period of ten years
Credit agreement: concluded between EFCO and the community of owner-occupiers as debtors and a bank (B) or savings bank (SB) as creditor, on the basis of the bank guarantee by the International Finance Corporation (IFC)
District heating contract: concluded on the required amount of heat and services between EFCO and the community of owner-occupiers on the one hand and the provider (DHCO) on the other.
A major problem is that the law on district heating does not allow heating plants to conclude contracts directly with EFCOs, only with owners or occupiers of flats.
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System of contracting
LG
CG
U
EFCO
C C C
S S
DHCO
B IFC
SB
Sources of Financing-szerelőszint födém hőszigetelés 2,5%-lépcsőházi üvegfal javítása 3,5 %-panelfugák tömítése 3,0 %-végfalak hőszigetelése 1,5 %Az elérhető megtakarítás27,5%Gépészeti megoldások:-A fűtési rendszer átkötő szakaszossá alakítása, az egyes felszállók tömegáramának be-A szabályozók korszerűbbre cserélése 1,5 %-A mellékhelyiségek légforgalmának szabályozása 2,5 %Az elérhető megtakarítás 9,0 %
High insula 16,00%Insulation 15,00%Heating sy 6,00%Ventilation 3,00%
40,00%
23%
27%27%
23%
User Local Government Central Government EFCO
A specific feature: the Local Government will pay the support in 32 equal installements during a period of 8 years.
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Shema of Finance
1. 10 % of the owners pay in cash
2. The rest of the owners take a loan to finance:
• their own part and the one guaranteed by ESCO aswell a
• to pre-finance the support granted by the localgovernment
3. Loan: a combination of (interest granted) loan andHousing Saving Bank System . The most favorable on themarket.
4. Repayment periode: 86 + 5 months
5. The share of joint expenses to be paid by owners will be increased to pay off the loan.
The EFCO grants the condominium a credit equivalent to the value of the guaranteed energy savings, which it will deduct from its account receivable.The local government will pay the support in 32 equal installments during a period of 96 months.The remaining amount will be paid by owners as a part of joint expenses
The Repayment of the loan
Local Governmentpayments
Users bank paid ESCO assignment
Bank paid structure
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
322
Guarantees
Loan collaterals
1. User : IFC bank guarantee
2. EFCO :
+ Security deposit: retention of contractor ‘s fee
+ Pledge on principal
Additional guarantees:
+ Guarantee of quality
+ Liability insurance
+ Property damage insurance
Targeted Operation cash flow
020406080
100120140160
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Years
MFt
service feebank paids
fall in fees
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Preliminary Evualation
Preliminary results
The PPU-EFCO scheme is de facto functioning, and financial institutions and contractors are prepared for its introduction in a general way.The successful pre-financing of municipal support with deferred payment in the framework of the financialmodel has a favorable influence on the local governments’ disposition to grant supports. Developing various forms of direct support for PPU-EFCOs is worth considering. The tendering and public purchase procedures of the “Panel Program” caused a significant delay in the implementation of the project. The increasment of energy prices and the introduction of the energy certificate improve the chances of risk-based implementation and financing of energy-saving .
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Preliminary Evualation: realized Energy Saving
Experimental Project on Energysaving in Housing - BudapestEnergysaving flow for the periode October 2006 - september 2007
4 buildings, 758 flats
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Octobe
r
nove
mbe
r
dece
mbe
r
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
March
April
May
June Ju
ly
Augus
t
Sept
embe
r
Ener
gy s
avin
g G
J
PlannedRealized
Between October 2006 and August 2007 the decrease of heat consumption exceeded the originally projected 30%. The total annual energy savings resulting from heating and water heating was 47%. Approximately 7-8% of this is a consequence of the more advantageous climatic conditions as compared to the projections.
Preliminary Evualation
Experimental Project on Energy Saving in Housing - BudapestEnergy Saving Cash-flow
0,00
0,50
1,00
1,50
2,00
2,50
3,00
3,50
4,00
Octob
er
nove
mbe
r
dece
mbe
r
Janu
ary
Februa
ry
March
April
May
June Ju
ly
Augu
st
Septem
ber
Fixed priceCurrent price
The realized cash-flow from energy savings was higher than expected because the energy pricesduring the period in question increased significantly. The annual income from energy savings is twice of the planned amount.
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
325
PERSPECTIVES
(Targets of Energy Efficiency in Buildings could becamerealistics)
Energy-Saving Potential by improving the Energy Efficiency of buildings in Hungary = 5 % of Energy Final Use in 10 years
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
30 000
35 000
40 000
1. év 2. év 3. év 4. év 5. év 6. év 7. év 8. év 9. év 10. év
1.szcenárió: támogatással 2.szcenárió: támogatással 3.szcenárió: támogatással
1.szcenárió: összes 2.szcenárió: összes 3.szcenárió: összes
TJ/év
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Expected Improving of the Quality of Air
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
1.szcenárió 2.szcenárió 3.szcenárió
CH4 N2O NOx NMVOC
tonna
0
2 000 000
4 000 000
6 000 000
8 000 000
10 000 000
12 000 000
1.szcenárió 2.szcenárió 3.szcenárió
CO2
tonna
0
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
60 000
70 000
80 000
90 000
100 000
1.szcenárió 2.szcenárió 3.szcenárió
CO SO2
tonna
Basic Variant - low subvention level1.1 million units renovated + 0.4 million "conform" units built
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Years
Mill
ion
Euro
Investment CostsSubvention
Decisive participation of the market forces
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
327
Thank You for Your Attention!
Enrique Grosser Lagos
Hunesco Ltd.
Enrique GROSSER LAGOS - Hunesco, Hungary
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
328
Session 4: Policies and Programmes for Appliances, Equipments and
Lighting in the Building Sector
Chair: Dagnija BLUMBERGA, Riga Technical University, Latvia
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 1
Electricity Consumption and Efficiency Trends in the
Enlarged European Union–JRC Status report 2006–
Bogdan Atanasiu and Paolo BertoldiEuropean Commission DG JRC
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 2
Summary• Residential electricity consumption
– Overview– Appliances– Electronics (TVs)– Lighting
• Tertiary electricity consumption– Lighting– Other end-use equipments
• Conclusions: Potential savings till yr. 2015
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 3
Residential Energy Consumption• The gas consumption of the residential sector has
continued to grow in the period 1999 to 2004 in the EU-25 from 4721 PJ to 5399 PJ with an increase of 14%, whilethe yearly growth rate in the period 2003-2004 has been2.2%.
• Total electricity consumption for the residential sector for the EU-25 has grown by 10.8% in the period 1999-2004, from 690 TWh in year 1999 to 765 TWh in year 2004 and by 1.8% in the period 2003-2004
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 4
Increasing electricity demand in households• Higher penetration of “traditional” appliances (e.g. dishwashers, tumble
driers, air-conditioners, personal computers, which are all still far away from saturation levels); introduction of new appliances and devices, mainly consumer electronics and information and communication technology (ICT) equipment (Set Top boxes, DVD players, broadband equipment, cordless telephones, etc.) many with standby losses.
• Increased use of “traditional” equipment: more hours of TV watching, more hours of use of personal computer (driven by some tele-working, and increased used of internet), more washing and use of hot water.
• Increased number of double or triple appliances, mainly TVs and refrigerators-freezers.
• More single family houses, each with some basic appliances, and larger houses and apartments. This results in more lighting, more heating and cooling, and last but not least, older population demanding higher indoor temperatures and all-day heating in winter and cooling in summer, and spending more time at home.
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 5
EU-15
Agriculture1,6% Transport
2,6%
Residential29,2%
Services25,3%
Industry41,3%
NMS-10+2
Industry43,3%
Services25,1%
Residential25,7%Transport
3,4%
Agriculture2,5%
EU-25 + 2
Agriculture1,7% Transport
2,7%
Residential28,8%
Services25,3%
Industry41,6%
EU-27
EU NMS-12EU-15
Electricity consumption by sector
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 6
EU25 – Final consumption
Final Energy Consumption - EU25 by sector
Residential Electricity Consumption
EU-25
Agriculture1,7%
Transport2,7%
Residential28,8%
Services25,5%
Industry41,3%
Transport31%
Resident., services
etc.41%
Industry28%
Final Electricity Consumption - EU25 by sector
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 7
Breakdown in EU-15 (2004)EU-1514,5%
3,7%
2,0%1,8%1,0%
9,2%
6,4%10,8%
1,4%
21,3%
4,3%
13,3%
5,3%
2,1%
2,8%
Refrigerators and freezers
Washing machines
Dishwashers
Driers
Room air-conditioners
Electric storage water heater
Electric ovens
Electric hobs
Consumer electronics andother equipment stand-byLighting
TVon mode
ITC
Residential electric heating
Central heating circulationpumpsMiscellaneous
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 8
Breakdown in EU NMS-12 (2004)[NMS12+Hr]
9,9%
20,0%
22,4%
10,5%
10,3%
13,1%
6,7%
7,0%
Ηeating&cooling
Lighting
Refrigerators/freezers
Washing machines
Cooking/dishwasher
Electric storage waterheaterConsumer Electronics and stand-by Miscellaneus
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 9
85Miscellaneous30Central heating circulation pumps
150Residential electric heating10Office equipment20TV-on mode85Lighting45Consumer electronics and other equipment stand-by37Electric hobs15Electric ovens65Electric storage water heater
7Room air-conditioners13Driers14Dishwashers26Washing machines
102Refrigerators and freezers
Breakdown of residential electricity consumption in EU-15 [TWh]
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 10
86,53Total5,84Miscellaneous
11,36Consumer Electronics and stand-by 6,06Hot water8,90Cooking/dishwasher9,08Washing machines
19,36Refrigerators/freezers17,32Lighting8,61Ηeating & cooling
Breakdown of residential electricity consumption in NMS12+Hr [TWh]
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 11
763,551,61784,67772,22EU-2780,330,0680,1080,05NMS-1263,221,2663,2962,50NMS-10
683,221,79704,57692,17EU-15746,441,75767,85754,67EU-2520042004 vs. 2003 [%]20042003
JRC survey Eurostat dataResidential [TWh]
Residential Electricity Consumption
EU Residential Sector Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 12
Cold Appliances• The major European policy measures already in place are the mandatory
energy labelling (Directive 94/2/EC), including the Amended Directive of 2003 (2003/66/EC) to introduce the A+ and A++ classes [EU 2003], The MEPS Directive (coming into force in 1999) and the CECED unilateral agreement.
• The CECED unilateral agreement. Participating manufacturers have stopped producing for, and importing in, the Community Market electric compressor based household refrigerating appliances having an energy efficiency index 75 (corresponding to energy label class C) and above (except for chest freezers), and for electric compressor based chest freezers having an energy efficiency index 90 (corresponding to energy label class D) and above, by 31st December 2004. The agreement also includes a ”fleet target”: Each participant will reduce its own production - weighted average energy efficiency index- to a value of 55 for production and importation into the EU market by the year 2006.
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
336
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 13
Evolution of the EEI (new model sale weighted average) for cold appliances – EEI 55 + A class
102,2
96,193,9
91,888,4
82,379,3
72,470
67,665,6 64,30
60,39
60,60
66,62
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
1992
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
EU-15NMS&CC
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 14
2,2 1,9 3,1 2,2 1,8 0,6 2,3 4,0 4,5 6,10,7 1,5 2,1 2,4 1,2 1,3 1,1 0,6 1,50 0,2 1,7
16,5
6,16,3 5,2 5,8 4,1 2,7
1,0
14,01,4
10,0 10,5
1,49,0 4,8
10,0 10,30 9,05,0 3,0
5,802,6
4,9
6,5
9,3
30,2 36,0 35,8
15,5
32,130,2
30,4
6,8
46,346,5
21,6
24,827,3 19,7
35,70
22,7
13,4
35,823,30
38,8
41,4
36,257,7
55,454,5 50,9
63,8
55,259,3
49,1
67,9
36,836,1
72,5
62,9 62,6 65,8
52,30
60,2
74,0
58,4
63,70
56,048,8
40,0
26,6
5,7 2,4 4,2
14,08,2 8,5
4,1
19,2
2,3 0,6 3,8 1,8 3,2 2,1 0,606,7 6,5
2,2 5,60 2,4 3,1 0,8 0,3
Averag
e EU-15
Averag
e 8 N
MS&CC
Austria
Belgium
France
German
yIta
ly
Netherl
ands
Portug
alSpa
in
Sweden UK
Czech
Rep
Estonia
Hunga
ryLa
tvia
Lithu
ania
Poland
Slovak
ia
Sloven
ia
Roman
ia
Bulgari
a
Croatia
[%]
++A+AABCOthers
Sales of refrigerators in 2004 by energy class
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 15
Sales of refrigerators: 2004 vs. 2005 by energy class
2,2 0,6 1,9 0,5 3,1 1,7 2,2 1,6 1,8 1,7 0,6 0,7 2,3 1,9 4,0 1,3 4,5 3,8 6,1 3,8 0,7 0,6 1,5 0,6 2,1 1,1 1,2 0,7 0,6 0,4
6,33,8
5,22,8
5,83,6 4,1 2,6 2,7 1,0 1,0 0,2
14,08,3 1,4
0,5
10,06,0
10,5
5,3
1,4 0,2
9,06,7 4,8
3,110,30
6,903,0 1,0
30,2
24,6
36,0
19,2
35,8
25,415,5
13,6
32,1
24,430,2
20,4
30,4
25,5
6,87,3
46,3
41,7
46,5
44,8
21,6
10,9
24,8
21,227,3
17,7
35,70
25,7035,8
17,6
55,4
60,7
54,5
68,3
50,9
58,9
63,863,5
55,2
60,459,3
62,9
49,1
55,7
67,971,1
36,8
44,1
36,1
44,1
72,5
78,6
62,968,9
62,6
71,2
52,30
63,2058,4
68,9
5,7 9,12,4
9,24,2
9,914,0
18,6
8,212,4 8,5
14,8
4,18,5
19,219,2
2,3 4,40,6 2,0 3,8
9,61,8 2,6 3,2
6,90,603,50 2,2
12,1
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
AverageEU-15
AverageNMS&CC
Austria Belgium France Germany Italy NetherlandsPortugal Spain Sweden UK CzechRep
Hungary Poland
[%]
++A+AABCOthers
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 16
Washing machines• The major European policy measures in place are the mandatory energy labelling Directive
(95/12/EC amended by Directive 96/89/EC) and the CECED Unilateral commitment. The goal of the 2nd CECED commitment is a reduction of the fleet energy consumption. The commitment calls for achieving a European production weighted average of 0,20 KWh/Kg for the year 2008. In addition at the latest by 31 December 2003 the participant manufacturers have stopped production and import in the Community Market domestic washing machines, which belong to energy efficiency class D.
• The share of A class appliances was already above 50% in 2002, in 2005 in some Member States (Germany, the Netherlands, and Belgium) there is a large penetration of A+ appliances (not defined in the labelling Directive but agreed among CECED manufacturers), and the combination of A and A+ in these markets is approaching the 100% market.
• The most remarkable market change from 2002 for washing machines has happened in the UK due to the Energy Efficiency Commitment (about 800000 washing machines have been subsidised each year under EEC).
• It is also interesting noting that the class B is almost disappeared from the market, but there is an increased share of not labelled appliances. Class A appliances are seen by consumers as a high quality product (most of A class appliances are AAA, associating to the low energy consump-tion, high spin speed and good washing performances).
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
338
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 17
EU-15 and NMS&CC washing machines energy efficiency index (in kWh/kg)
0,1910,205
0,2110,2130,2190,2280,234
0,2420,249
0,2000,214
0,1
0,2
0,3
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
EU-15NMS&CC
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 18
Sales of washing machines by energy class (2004)
2,7 5,7 2,6 0,5 2,5 3,8 6,5 6,70,9 3,5 3,2 4,6 1,70 5,5 2,6 6,3
2,40 1,16,9
11,0 12,66,77,5
3,11,0
7,5
1,1
14,216,1 14,0
2,35,4 2,6
4,74,70
5,52,6
3,62,90 9,3
8,9
24,9
43,1
11,0
18,9
14,7
2,7
11,0
3,1
7,0
17,916,6
9,5
19,3
14,116,1 21,70
21,9
16,011,2
25,00 12,4
30,4
25,9
26,7
71,2
67,1
70,893,6
73,0
82,4
62,6
52,951,8
85,1
66,978,7
74,6 69,6067,1
78,8 78,368,30
75,9
53,7
38,1
17,68,4
0,88,8
2,2 6,013,4 12,4
6,610,9
2,2 4,9 1,5 0,0 2,2 0,0 0,0 0,6 1,30 1,3 0,1 0,0 0,0
Averag
e EU-15
Averag
e 8 N
MS&CC
Austria
Belgium
France
German
yIta
ly
Portug
alSpa
in
Sweden UK
Czech
Rep
Estonia
Hunga
ryLa
tvia
Lithu
ania
Poland
Slovak
ia
Sloven
ia
Roman
ia
Bulgari
a
Croatia
[%]
+AABCOthers
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
339
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 19
Sales of washing machines:2004 vs. 2005 by energy class
2,7
17,7
5,7
22,5
2,611,2
0,5 3,8 2,5
17,3
3,0 3,8
36,7
6,5
38,4
6,7
44,5
0,94,9 3,5
7,63,2
18,2
1,70
27,90
6,3
22,4
6,7
2,2
7,5
0,3
3,1
0,1
1,0
7,5
2,8
1,1
14,2
5,7
16,1
7,2
14,0
6,0
2,30,1 5,4 2,6
0,4
4,70
0,50
3,6
0,4
11,0
5,0 18,9 2,0
14,77,4
2,7 0,7
11,0
4,8
3,1 2,1
7,0
2,3
17,9
6,8
16,6
3,6
9,5 4,6
19,3
10,4 14,1
3,121,70
3,00
11,2
2,0
71,2 64,8
67,1
72,4
70,869,2
93,685,0
73,0 66,8
82,474,5
62,6
52,952,9
43,1
51,8
41,4
85,182,6
66,9
69,1
78,7 73,569,6065,10
78,3 74,0
8,4 10,3
0,8 2,88,8 12,1
2,210,5
6,0 8,313,4
20,412,4
2,46,6 4,5
10,94,5 2,2
7,8 4,912,9
1,5 4,8 2,2 3,5 0,6 1,2
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
2004
2005
AverageEU-15
AverageNMS&CC
Austria Belgium France Germany Italy Portugal Spain Sweden UK CzechRep
Hungary Poland
[%]
+AABCOthers
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 20
Dishwashers• The major European policy measures already in place are the
mandatory energy labelling (Directive 97/17/EC amended by Directive 1999/9/EC) [EU 1999] and also the CECED Unilateral Commitment [CEC 2004], which is now expired.
• Remarkable progress in energy efficiency of new models took between 2002 and 2005 in all EU-15 countries, especially in the UK and Italy. Very impressive also is the high A class market share in some of the New Member States.
• The sales of dishwashers by energy class follow a similar patter to the one of the washing machines, with the class A already above the 50% threshold. The lowest share of sales of A class appliances in 2005 was in Spain 69% (still up from 31 % in 2002), with the highest share 94% in Belgium.
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
340
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 21
EU-15 Dishwasher energy efficiency index progress, in kWh/cycle
1,692 kWh/cycle
1,107 kWh/cycle34,6% saving
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
kWh/
cycl
e
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 22
Sales of dishwashers in 2004 by energy class
10,41,5 4,2 7,4 3,8 3,5
12,0 11,0 8,6 4,8 5,710,8
4,5 6,1 6,3
4,1
0,50,3
3,6
0,2 4,3
3,2 4,62,0
0,8 0,7
0,6
3,3 2,0 2,0
10,7
3,47,7
10,7
8,9 3,0
14,4 15,2
11,513,6
5,2
14,614,2 11,7 10,7
74,8
94,687,8
78,387,1 89,2
70,4 69,277,9 80,8
88,4
74,0 78,0 80,2 81,0
Austria
Belgium
Franc
e
German
yIta
ly
Netherla
nds
Portug
alSpa
in
Sweden UK
Czech
Rep
Hungary
Poland
3 NMS&C
C
10 EU-15
[%]
ABCOthers
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
341
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 23
Sales of dishwashers: 2004 vs. 2005 by energy class
9,6 6,3 5,5 4,2 6,1 7,4
18,4
3,810,2 11,0 12,0
4,8
19,7
2,2
12,8
0,3
22,8
3,6
14,9
0,2
28,1
4,7
27,6
0,8
18,4
10,5
27,5
7,7
10,3
10,7
24,0
8,9
30,5
15,2
18,0
13,6
52,3
81,0
54,2
87,8
60,8
78,3
42,7
87,1
31,2
69,2
42,4
80,8
2002 2005 2002 2005 2002 2005 2002 2005 2002 2005 2002 2005
10 Ctr France Germany Italy Spain UK
ABCOthers
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 24
Cooking Appliances• Electric ovens represent 97% of the ovens sales in the EU-15 in 2005, with
similar trends in the 10 New Member States.
• For free standing cookers the share of electric one is 34,5% and for gas ones is about 44%; interesting to notice also that for hobs the share in sales among electric and gas is 58,4% electric and 37,4% gas models, with almost 100% electric hobs in Germany and Sweden, and almost 100 % gas hobs in Italy.
• Total electricity consumption for electric cooking is estimated to be 52 TWh(around 37 TWh electric hobs and 15 TWh electric ovens).
• There is a mandatory energy label (Directive 2002/40/EC) only for electric ovens, which covers also the electric ovens in free standing cookers. The impact of the energy labelling is starting to be visible on the market.
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
342
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 25
Sales of electric ovens in 2004 by energy class
14,321,9
15,5 17,1 15,7
5,2
34,9 34,5
20,7 22,216,4
1,4
38,3
51,30
11,1
2,8
4,99,7
0,3 1,1
1,9
2,7 0,8
2,2 1,0
0,0
7,8
0,7
1,80
6,8
35,8
35,2
16,221,8
15,8 33,2
23,4
15,045,4
53,5
21,2
67,517,8
20,40
42,9
47,138,0
58,6 60,867,4
59,7
39,0
49,7
31,723,3
62,4
23,3
43,2
26,50
39,2
Averag
e EU-15
Averag
e 3 N
MS&CC
Austria
Belgium
Fran
ce
German
yIta
ly
Netherl
ands
Portug
al
Spain
Sweden UK
Czech
Rep
Hunga
ry
Poland
[%]
ABCOthers
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 26
Televisions (1)
22424 2375320935
15884
715712658
311
8022822
908
1690 2627323361
310
281
2003 2004 2005 2006
CRT-TV LCD-TV Plasma Rear Pro
TV-Display Total
23953
2773830105 31450
1,841,76
1,68 1,64 1,57 1,54 1,541,44
2,38
1,99
1,73 1,751,57
1,69
2,11
1,3
UK It Es Se At Fin Nl De
20012006
Annual sales of TVs (thou. units) Increased penetration of TVs in Households
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
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343
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 27
Televisions (2)
Increased average number of minutes of viewing per day
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 28
Analog CRT TVs: Results of the EICTA Voluntary Agreement
6,18
5,43
4,43,98 3,77
3,2
1,97 1,75 1,872,2
1,0092
0,9151
0,97
1,0226
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
[wat
ts]
stand-byEE Index
Residential Electricity Consumption
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
344
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 29
Energy Consumption of Residential lighting• Lighting in the residential sector has been reported to consume 86
TWh per year in the EU-15 in year 1995 in the DELight Study (Environmental Change Unit, Oxford University). The DELightstudy predicted an increase of residential lighting consumption to 97 TWh by 2010.
• More recently the European Climate Change Programme (EECP) and the 2004 JRC Status Report calculated the following lightingconsumption in the EU-15: 85 TWh growing to 94 TWh by 2010, without additional and new policies and programme introduced.
• Waide (IEA) calculated 79 TWh in 2005 for the OECD Europe. • We calculated for year 2004, 79 TWh for the EU-15 and 96 TWh
for the EU-27
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 30
Residential Electricity Consumption
14139773,7618,111,16,071,42HR
100,240356,7535,182,9118,048,13RO
130,534310100,99,312,9BG
19270480110,333,010,68SI
15150240,058,200,44,901,90SK
200,550534,4286,3822,8011,95PL
15150630130,08060,620,13MT
100,2520479,72300,622,071,29LT
170,4219424,16280,411,470,97LV
18160740,48252,77511,103,75HU
150,2520753,81280,451,620,60EE
16279749180,241,320,32CY
142,970455,37121,7414,533,83CZ
Lighting points/HH
CFL's/HH(including HH without
CFLs)
HH with CFLs[%]
Average cons.
lighting/HH[kWh]
Lighting cons. in total residential electricity cons.
[%]
Lighting cons.[TWh]
residential electricity
cons. [TWh]
no. of hslhlds
[milions]
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
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345
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 31
Residential Electricity Consumption
202507851617,9111,8822,80UK
323,355872163,443,503,90SE
25215639,5181161,1117,20ES
11,41,754404,814,911,711,404,20PT
40460524163,823,756,73NL
20270487,5130,0980,750,20LU
180,86037012866,6722,50IT
181,538920181,327,331,44EI
326,570337,69,4313,2140,0039,10DE
12150761183,0416,873,99GR
18,92,26524096,439,07141,0622,20FR
23,515073913,931,712,202,30FIN
25,404,9065,00589,0014,001,369,712,31DK
26,002,5070,50343,2212,232,2318,203,90BE26470357,147,31,1153,08AT
Lighting points/HH
CFL's/HH(including HH without
CFLs)
HH with CFLs[%]
Average cons.
lighting/HH[kWh]
Lighting cons. in total residential electricity cons.
[%]
Lighting cons.[TWh]
residential electricity
cons. [TWh]
no. of hslhlds
[milions]
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 32
Residential Electricity Consumption
2623,5
18,9
12
32
18 1820
40
11,4
25
32
20
1416 15
18 17
10
15
20
1519
1310
14
26 25,4
AT BE DK FIN FR GR DE EI IT LU NL PT ES SE UK CZ CY EE HU LV LT MT PL SK SI BG RO HR
70 70,565
50 52 50
70
38
60
70
6054
15
5550
7079
20
60
19 20
50 50 50
70
3440 39
AT BE DK FIN FR GR DE EI IT LU NL PT ES SE UK CZ CY EE HU LV LT MT PL SK SI BG RO HR
Lighting points per household
Households with CFLs
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346
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 33
4
2,5
4,9
1
2,26
1
6,5
1,5
0,8
2
4
1,72
3,3
2
2,9
2
0,25
10,42 0,25
10,5
1
2
0,50,2
1
AT BE DK FIN FR GR DE EI IT LU NL PT ES SE UK CZ CY EE HU LV LT MT PL SK SI BG RO HR
CFLs per household
2,7153,32500,0012,6596,14760,20192,29EU-270,2838,42345,5421,973,8117,3511,03EU AC2,8554,23509,4012,4392,33742,85181,26EU-25
1,0151,97528,2021,1613,4263,4225,41NMS103,1554,59506,3311,6178,91679,43155,85EU-15
CFL's/HH[including HH without CFLs]
No. of HH with CFLs
[%]
Average cons lighting/HH
[kWh]
Lighting cons. in total residential
electricity cons. [%]
Lighting cons. [TWh]
residential electricity cons.
[TWh]
No. of hslhlds[milions]
Electricity consumption for lighting - summary
Residential Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 34
Summary of the Lighting Findings• Member States the lighting consumption as share of the total residential
electricity consumption ranges between 8% and 23% (excluding residential electricity consumption due water and space heating are).
• The average consumption per household, which ranges from 337 kWh(Germany) to 920 kWh (Ireland) pa. [in DELight average household lighting electricity use ranges from 240 kWh pa to 920 kWh] . This consumption reflects the size (square meters) of the household, the burning hours, and the penetration of efficient lamps (explaining the very low consumption in Germany and high consumption in Ireland). The data for Greece is still under investigation, as the specific household lighting consumption is very high (but similar to the one of Cyprus and Malta). The lowest in New MS is in Slovakia, 240 kWh.
• The average number of CFLs per household ranges in EU-15 from 1 in Finland and Greece to 6,5 in Germany, where several promotion campaigns took place [in DELight the highest was NL with 2,7 followed by Germany with 2,1]
• In the new Member States the number of CFLs per household is substantially lower than in the EU-15 Member States, with the exception of the Czech Republic.
Residential Electricity Consumption
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347
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 35
Tertiary Sector Building Energy Consumption• Total electricity consumption for the tertiary sector for the EU-25 was 628
TWh in year 1999 and 726 TWh in year 2004. The electricity in the tertiary sector has grown by 15.6% in the period 1999-2004 and by 2.0% in the period 2003-2004.
• The gas consumption in the tertiary sector has continued to grow in the period 1999 to 2004 in the EU-25 from 2070 PJ to 2362 PJ with an increase of 14%, while the yearly growth rate in the period 2003-2004 has been 1.9%.
• For the tertiary sector (in this report it is the public sector, education, healthcare, services and commerce there is much less data available for individual electricity end-uses than for the residential sector, and only a few sources attempted to divide the total electricity consumption among the different end-uses.
• This is also know as the 'commercial sector' and represent non-residential buildings in the service sector. Most of the statistics and researchers do not specify whether the buildings belonging to the industrial sector companies (i.e. car manufacturer headquarters, office buildings etc.) are included
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 36
EU-15 Breakdown of the Tertiary Sector Consumption
Tertiary Electricity Consumption
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 37
Lighting (1)• Lighting is by far the major end-use category in tertiary sector consumption,
responsible for about 175 TWh or 26% of total electricity consumption in the tertiary sector.
• The T8 lamp now dominates the linear fluorescent market. The existing mix of lamps is still two-thirds halo phosphate lamps with the remaining third being three-band phosphor lamps which are currently increasing their market share year by year.
• The new technology, T5 which has a higher efficiency and is designed to be fed only by electronic ballasts has small market penetration, though slightly increasing overtime.
• About 207 millions are new installed lamps in 2004 [CEL2005], which tends to be of higher efficiency compared to already install lamps.
Tertiary Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 38
Lighting (2)• There is a voluntary classification scheme for the combination of lamp
ballasts introduced in the year 1998 by the lighting equipment manufacturers’trade association, CELMA.
• The classifications scheme together with the minimum efficiency requirements for ballasts (Directive 2000/55/EC), which came into effect in 2002, have resulted in a gradual market transformation.
• The Directive foresees two gradual steps for phasing out low and medium efficiency ballasts. The first steps took place in year 2002 and phased out low efficiency magnetic ballasts (class D). The second steps took place in November 2005 and phased out Class C ballast representing the largest shared of the market.
Tertiary Electricity Consumption
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Lighting (3)
Expected trends in Ballast SalesYellow = magnetic, Blue = electronic
Tertiary Electricity Consumption
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 40
Other end-use equipment• Air-conditioners in non residential buildings are estimated to consume about 70 to 80 TWh of electricity.
Eurovent established classification for full load Energy Efficiency Ratio of each type of chillers. The classification follows the A to G approach used in the European Energy Label.
• Another important share of electricity is consumed by fans for ventilation systems (including fans), which results in about 94 TWh. For the time being there are no existing European polices to improve efficiency of ventilation systems.
• A similarly important sector in term of consumption is commercial refrigeration. Estimate for the total European consumption range from 70 to 100 TWh per year. The specific refrigeration products covered by commercial refrigeration equipment, are: process chillers, refrigerated display and service cabinets, cellar cooling, ice making machines (non domestic), walk-in cold stores, refrigerated vending machines, refrigeration compressors, air-cooled condensing units, heat exchangers (process/industrial applications).
• For office equipment there are no much data available on the total energy consumption. According to the Ecodesign study in 2005 there where 44 Million desktop computers installed in non residential applications, and another 36,5 million laptops, and about 44 million monitors, of which 45% were flat panel. In 2003 a rapid penetration of LCD screens occurred, ad was sustained in 2004 and 2005, which should have led to a decrease of the total monitor consumption. It is assumed by the authors that office equipment (ICT equipment) is responsible for about 60 to 80 TWh per year in the tertiary sector. More research is needed to arrive at a more precise evaluation. In the residential sector ICT is responsible for about 10 to 20 TWh.
Tertiary Electricity Consumption
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350
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Potential electricity savings by year 2015 (JRC Est.)
4461891321Total7236185Commercial lighting
20060707Electric motor systems
6044165Main Domestic appliances
441695Residential Lighting302044Standby201060Office Equipment20365DESWH
Ambitious Saving Potential
by 2015 compared to BaU Scenario[TWh/year]
Realistic Saving Potential
by 2015 compared to BaU Scenario
[TWh/year]
Electricity Consumption
2005[TWh/year]
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 42
Thank you!bogdan.atanasiu@ec.europa.eu
paolo.bertoldi@ec.europa.eu
For more information look at:http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/
Bogdan ATANASIU - European Commission DG-JRC
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
351
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
352
18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
“Latest Trends in Major DomesticAppliances in CEE”Focus on energy consumption
Matilde Soregaroli
Krakòw, 14 September 2007
2
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
Data shown in this report refer to sell out at the retailer level.
GfK is auditing continuously the sell out of shops in all western and eastern European countries.
Our information are the tool used by the industry to take strategic and tactic decisions on the market.
GfK methodology and mission
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
353
3
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
East EU
Baltics
Central EU
Russia (RU) Ukraine (UA)
Estonia (EE) Lithuania (LT)
Latvia (LV)
Croatia (HR) Slovenia (SI)
Czech Republic (CZ) Slovakia (SK)
Poland (PL) Hungary (HU)
Romania (RO) Bulgaria (BG)
COUNTRIES
4
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
• Washing Machines
• Tumble Dryers
• Dishwashers
• Refrigerators
• Freezers
• Free Standing Cookers
• Built In Ovens
• Hobs
• Hoods
APPLIANCES object of the report
FOCUS ON
TOTAL
MDA
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
354
5
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
2.737,9
2.534,4
23.998,4
Sales Mio Euro
8.252,1
8.473,6
55.585,6
Sales Th. Units
68.563Russia + Ukraine
36.825CEE (8 countries)
149.097West(10 countries)
Households(000)
Estimation of Total MDA Market in 2006
10 Ctrs West: AT,BE,DE,ES,FR,GB,IT,NL,PT,SE
8 Ctrs CEE: BG, CZ,SK,HU,HR,PL,RO,SI
6
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
3,69,523,9Others
30,8
30,4
29,3
CEE
31,4
22,3
22,4
WEST
26,7Cooking
32,0Cooling
37,7Washing Machines
Russia +Ukraine
Importance of single product categoriesYear 2006
Cooking: FS Cookers, BI Ovens, Hobs, Hoods
Others: Dishwashers, Freezers, Tumble Dryers
Sales Units %
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
355
18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
WASHING MACHINESCENTRAL EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Year 2006- first half 2007
8
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
35,5
18,510,8
5,2
10,1
7,4
3,71,83,4 2,31,5
PL
ROCZ
SK
HU
BG
HRSI
LT LVEE
51,0 MioRussia
17,6 MioUkraina
No. HOUSEHOLDS:
38,0
15,3
12,5
9,8 8,24,2
3,82,92,7
1,51,0
PL
RO
CZ
HU BGSK
HRLTSI
LVEE
2.292,1 ThsRussia
816,1 ThsUkraina
SALES UNITS:
Sales Th. Units in 20062.625,3
Households39,6 Mio
Size oif the market, importance of countries
Washing Machines
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
356
9
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
SI
70,4
MDASales Th. UnitsYear 2006
Size of the marketWashing Machines
PL RO CZ HU BG SK HR LV EE UA RU
998,3
402,8328
258,1214,1
110,6 100,1
LT
77,4 38,6 26,9
816,1
2292,2
Central EU Baltics East EU
10
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
Percentage of families buying a Washing Machine
Total year 2006
4,6
4,5
7,3
6,4
7,7
5,5
7,1
UA
RU
BG
HU
CZ
RO
PL
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
357
11
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
Percentage of families buying a Washing Machine
Total year 2006
11,49.1
7,2
4,6
4,5
7,3
6,4
7,7
5,5
7,1
GBIT
DE
UARU
BGHUCZROPL
12
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDA
2006 vs 2005
WASHING MACHINESTrend of the market over the last 2 years
Central EU Baltics East EU
PL
RO
CZ
HU
BG
SK
HR
SI
11,4
-3,4
16,1
8,2
44,0
-2,7
21,9
3,7
LT
LV
EE
-30,3
-42,4
-57,2
UA
-16,8
-5,8
11,9
-3,5
25,3
-1,5
-5,6
-7,6
-1,5RUwest
13,4
15,1-0,4
-0,9
2,7
2005 vs 2004 2006 vs 2005 2005 vs 2004 06 vs 05 05 vs 04
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
358
13
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDA
Jan-June 07 vs 06 GfK Panelmarket EuropeSales Units %
PL
RO
CZ
HU
BG
SK
HR
SI
20,3
3,9
-3,0
3,0
-20,6
15,8
14,8
-1,4
LT
LV
EE
0,5
50,1
54,9
UA
RU
-1,0
-9,1
Central EU Baltics East EU
14
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
WASHING MACHINES
FRONT LOADING
TOP LOADING
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
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15
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %Year 2006
Importance of the 2 segmentsWASHING MACHINES
PL RO CZ HU BG SK HR SI LT LV EE
998,3 402,8 328 258,1 214,1 110,6 100,1 70,4 77,4 38,6 26,9Sales Ths. Units
69,9
22,8
7,4
78,8
17,93,3
62,7
36,6
42,9
55,4
1,7
92
5,22,8
41,7
57,5
83
10,16,9
85,3
6,87,9
76,8
14,4
8,8
89,7
8,41,9
62,2
32,1
5,8
WM FA FrontWM FA TopOthers*
Central EU Baltics
* OTHERS= Semiautomatic + Washdryers
16
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %JAN06-DEC06
Importance of the 2 segments
UA RU
816,1 2292,2Sales Ths. Units
74,9
15,2
10
80,2
10,2
9,6
WM FA FrontWM FA TopOthers
East EU
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
360
17
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %Year 2006
SPIN SPEED – Round per minutes
Washing Machines Fullauto. Front
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
10 Ctr. West 8 Center EU RU+UA
10140,9 1717,7 2450,3Sales Ths. Units
9,16,5
20,1
26,9
37,4
11,8
27,5
43,2
14,33,2
6,1
40,9
44,8
6,8
< 600 RPM600 < 800 RPM800 < 1000 RPM1000<1200 RPM>1200 RPM
18
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %Year 2006
SPIN SPEED – Round per minute
Washing Machines Fullauto. Front
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
10 Ctr. West 8 Center EU PL RO CZ HU BG
10140,9 1717,7 697,6 317,5 205,6 110,8 196,9Sales Ths. Units
9,16,5
20,1
26,9
37,4
11,8
27,5
43,2
14,33,2
6
33,4
46,1
13,2
10,3
29,8
42,2
14,73
2,6
20,2
54,5
17,4
5,3
3,5
26
52,1
15,8
2,4
40,4
20,9
29,4
7,7
< 600 RPM600 < 800 RPM800 < 1000 RPM1000<1200 RPM>1200 RPM
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
361
19
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
0,00,00,2
54,5
45,3
0,86,66,1
48,3
38,2
0,82,14,8
64,0
28,3
0,20,12,8
72,2
24,7
1,25,43,1
61,3
29,0
DE ES FR GB IT
A+ABCOthers
WM Sales Units %Year 2006
Importance of energy consumption classes
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING
20
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
0,2 0,5 0,4 0,2 0,1 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
54,562,1 57,6 54,3 55,9 51,3 46,6 45,0 44,0 45,9
45,337,4 42,0 45,5 44,0 48,7 53,3 54,9 55,9 54,0
2006 J-F 06 M-A M-J J-A S-O N-D J-F 07 M-A M-J
A+AOthers
WM DESales Units %
year 2006
Latest evolution o energy consumption classes
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING - DE
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
362
21
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
0,31,9
72,2
25,5
0,80,73,0
64,9
29,6
0,80,73,2
64,0
30,9
0,20,51,2
64,8
32,6
1,2
14,2
13,9
47,4
18,2
3,0
89,5
7,1
PL RO HU CZ BG LT
A+ABCOthers
Washing MachinesSales Units %
year 2006
Importance of energy consumption classes
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING
22
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
0,4 0,7 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,21,9 2,8 2,1 1,9 2,0 1,6 1,5 1,5 1,2 1,0
72,276,5 74,1 73,5 73,4 71,8
66,3 65,9 63,0 63,0
25,5 20,0 23,3 24,2 26,3 32,1 32,4 35,7 35,824,3
2006 J-F 06 M-A M-J J-A S-O N-D J-F 07 M-A M-J
A+ABOthers
WM PLSales Units %year 2006
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING – PLLatest evolution of energy class consumption
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
363
23
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
2,5 2,3 2,1 2,2 2,9 3,1 2,4 1,9 2,1 0,83,0 4,1 3,5 3,4 2,7 2,4 2,3 2,6 2,1 1,9
64,970,6 69,0 74,2
64,3 61,855,6 56,4 52,8 53,6
29,623,0 25,4 20,2
32,739,7 39,1 43,0 43,7
30,1
2006 J-F 06 M-A M-J J-A S-O N-D J-F 07 M-A M-J
A+ABOthers
WM ROSales Units %Year 2006 FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING – RO
Latest evolution of energy consumption classes
24
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
1,4 1,3 1,0 1,3 1,8 1,9 1,2 0,8 0,7 0,51,2 1,5 1,7 1,6 0,9 0,8 0,6 0,8 0,7 0,5
64,873,0 68,9 65,6 64,5 60,8 57,1 55,6 51,0 49,4
32,624,2 28,4 31,5 36,5 41,1 42,8 47,6 49,6
32,8
2006 J-F 06 M-A M-J J-A S-O N-D J-F 07 M-A M-J
A+ABOthers
WM CZSales Units %Year 2006 FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING – CZ
Latest evolution of energy consumption classes
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
364
25
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
0,4 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,7 1,1 0,6 0,9 1,6 1,03,0 5,4 4,7 2,5 3,0 2,3 0,8 0,7 0,9 1,0
89,591,5 92,1 92,6 90,6 86,5 85,8 82,5 79,4 77,7
7,1 2,9 3,1 4,7 10,1 12,8 15,9 18,1 20,3
5,7
2006 J-F 06 M-A M-J J-A S-O N-D J-F 07 M-A M-J
A+ABOthers
WM LTSales Units %Year 2006
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING – LT
26
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
Sales Units %Year 2006
Importance of energy consumtion classes
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING
Washing Machines
3,41,48,2
79,7
7,3
0,8
2,00,88,4
81,0
7,8
RU UA
A+ABCOthers
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
365
27
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
3,4 5,5 3,9 3,1 3,6 3,2 2 2,2 1,7 1,91,4 1,2 1,5 1,9 1,5 1,3 1,1 1,1 1 0,7
8,29,2 9,5 10,2 8,2 7 5,7 4,3 3,6 3,8
79,780 81 80,1 81,1
78,577,9 78,8 78,9 78,2
7,3 4,1 4,1 4,7 5,6 10 13,3 13,6 14,8 15,4
2006 J-F 06 M-A M-J J-A S-O N-D J-F 07 M-A M-J
A+ABCOthers
WM RUSales Units %Year 2006
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING – RUEvolution od energy consumption classes
28
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
2,0 2,5 2,3 2,1 1,8 1,9 1,4 1,6 1,7 1,50,8 1,4 1,0 0,9 1,0 0,7 0,5 0,4 0,7 0,78,4 10,7 10,0 10,8 9,4 7,6 5,0 4,5 4,2 3,7
81,080,0 81,5 81,1 81,2 80,3 81,5 80,6 79,9 79,0
7,8 5,4 5,2 5,1 6,6 9,5 11,6 12,9 13,5 15,1
2006 J-F 06 M-A M-J J-A S-O N-D J-F 07 M-A M-J
A+ABCOthers
WM UA Sales Units %January 2006 - December 2006
FULLAUTOMATIC FRONTLOADING – UA
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
366
29
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDAPrice EURYear 2006
Average price per segment
Washing Machines Fullauto. Front
Total
A+
A
B
LTPL RO CZ HU BG
321
241
292
233
374
261
279
189
239
190
348
238
UA RU
298
247
347
345 319 416312 288
515357
488
315 284 354 270 257 338 300 345
277
18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
REFRIGERATORSCENTRAL EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Year 2006 – first half 2007
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
367
31
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
35,5
18,510,8
5,2
10,1
7,4
3,71,83,4 2,31,5
PL
ROCZ
SK
HU
BG
HRSI
LT LVEE
51,0 MioRussia
17,6 MioUkraina
No. HOUSEHOLDS:
1.920,7 ThsRussia
723,1 ThsUkraina
SALES UNITS:
Sales Th. Units in 2006:2.748,3
Households in 2005: 39,6 Mio
GfK Panelmarket EuropeCooling
33,8
16,3
12,8
4,1 10,9 8,94,4
2,63,41,81,2
PL
RO
CZ
SKHU BG
HRSILTLV
EE
32
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Th. UnitsJAN06-DEC06
GfK Panelmarket EuropeCooling
PL RO CZ SK HU BG HR SI LT LV EE UA RU
929,0
448,7351,0
112,1298,2 244,3
119,9 70,4 92,8 49,3 32,5
723,1
1920,7
Central EU Baltics East EU
133,11,07,211,514,60,634,5-10,3-6,2-6,8-19,10,1
25,6-51,4-30,8-31,27,018,077,211,02,17,84,519,0
UA EE LV LT SI HR BG HU SK CZ RO PL
06 vs 05
05 vs 04
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
368
33
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDAPrice EURJAN06-DEC06
GfK Panelmarket EuropeCooling
PL RO CZ SK HU BG HR SI LT LV EE UA RU
338 321 360 345288 255
367 372 353 338 359 355450
Central EU Baltics East EU
34
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
4,1
3,8
8,4
7,5
8,2
6,1
6,6
UA
RU
BG
HU
CZ
RO
PL
Percentage of families buying a Refrigerator
Total year 2006
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
369
35
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
10,7
9,3
8,7
4,1
3,8
8,4
7,5
8,2
6,1
6,6
GBITDE
UARU
BGHUCZROPL
Percentage of families buying a Refrigerator
Total year 2006
36
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
1 DOOR 2 DR FREEZER 2 DR FREEZER BOTTOM TOP
CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIESREFRIGERATORS
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
370
37
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %JAN-DEC 06
GfK Panelmarket Europe
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
10 Ctr. West 8 Ctrs Central PL HU CZ SK RO BG SI HR
19,9
57,9
21,2
12,7
70,8
15,5
33,7
39,7
25,1
26,8
59,8
12,3
26,1
55,8
17,1
9,9
65,7
24
22
35,4
41,2
38
38,9
21,7
36,8
27,5
34,6
1 DOOR2D Frz Btm2D Frz TopOthers
37
35
23,9
4,1
38
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %JAN06-DEC06
GfK Panelmarket Europe
10 Ctr. West 3 Ctr. Baltic UA RU
8,8
70,5
19,4
7,4
50,9
40,1
1,6
11,2
62,1
25,4
1 DOOR
2D Frz Btm
2D Frz Top
Others
37
35
23,9
4,1
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
371
39
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %JAN06-DEC06 NO FROST SYSTEM
FS Cooling 2D Frz Btm
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
9,5
90
9,5
90,5
19,2
80,4
6,8
92,9
7,3
92,6
3,5
96,5
23,4
72,1
4,6
11,4
88,4
14,1
83,5
2,4
FrostfreeNon FrostfreeOthers
10 Ctr. West 8 Ctrs Central PL HU CZ SK RO BG SI HR
46,3
53,5
40
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %JAN06-DEC06
GfK Panelmarket Europe
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
10 Ctr. West 8 Ctrs Central RU+UA
16,2
67,4
14,1
3,5
38,3
45,8
5,36,4
Energy Class A ++Energy Class A +Energy Class AEnergy Class BEnergy Class CEnergy Class D
13,4
65,3
17,7
2,3
Others
0,4
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
372
41
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %2006+May-Jun07
GfK Panelmarket EuropeCooling
PLJAN06-DEC06 MAY07-JUN07
ROJAN06-DEC06 MAY07-JUN07
CZJAN06-DEC06 MAY07-JUN07
HUJAN06-DEC06 MAY07-JUN07
21,3
69,5
8,6
26,4
64,8
8,6
26,2
64
81,7
28,7
62,6
7,1
12,2
78,7
8,4
21,9
72,1
5,8
7,1
73
16,6
2,7
12,5
77
9,6
3 Ctr. BalticJAN06-DEC06 MAY07-JUN07
20,7
61,7
14
2,6
20,9
61,2
13,9
2,8
UAJAN06-DEC06 MAY07-JUN07
RU JAN06-DEC06 MAY07-JUN07
3,8
51
42,1
1,6
5
55,1
35,7
2,9
3,4
33,6
47,2
6,8
8,2
3,3
39,1
41,5
4,7
10,4
Energy Class A +Energy Class AEnergy Class BEnergy Class CEnergy Class DOthers
42
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDASales Units %2006+ Running 2006-2007
GfK Panelmarket Europe RU+UA
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
2006 JAN06-FEB06 MAR06-APR06 MAY06-JUN06 JUL06-AUG06 SEP06-OCT06 NOV06-DEC06 JAN07-FEB07 MAR07-APR07 MAY07-JUN07
3,5
38,3
45,8
5,36,4
2,7
36
48
6,95,9
2,9
36
46,9
76,3
3,4
36,5
45,8
6,6
7,1
3,6
39,1
45,7
4,6
6,2
3,9
39
46
4,3
6,2
4,3
41,5
43,7
3,5
6,4
4,2
40,5
43,6
3,7
7,5
4,1
42,1
41,5
3,7
8
3,7
43,6
39,9
3,6
8,3
Energy Class A +Energy Class AEnergy Class BEnergy Class CEnergy Class D
Others
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
373
43
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
MDAPrice EURJAN06-DEC06
Price for the different segments
Cooling
PL RO CZ HU Baltics UA RU
Energy Class A +
Energy Class A
Energy Class B
Energy Class C
344 327 353 298 351 354
352 333 458311 378 462
806
515
269 258 286 256 323 350 418
222 199 251 178 207 289 330
44
18 October 2007GfK Group 18 October 2007GfK Group Krakow - 14 September 2007Retail and Technology
Latest trends in MDA markets show that the consumer ismore and more taking care about the environmentchoosing better performing appliances when buying a new fridge or washing machine.
This process is faster in the washing machines then in cooling.
Is the price a driver to be considered to speed up the evolution?
Matilde SOREGAROLI - GfK, Italy
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
374
Ecofys VII studyU-Values for Better Energy Performance
of Buildings
Presentation
"Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings”
12-14 September 2007, Krakow, Poland
1. Who is Eurima?
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
375
Eurima
• Eurima is the European Insulation ManufacturersAssociation and represents the interests of all major mineral wool producers throughout Europe, including companies such as Knauf Insulation, Rockwool, Saint Gobain-Isover, Ursa Insulation, Paroc.
• Members of Eurima operate in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
• In manufacturing mineral wool, members of Eurimahelp to achieve important social and environmental goals: saving energy, minimising pollution, combating noise, reducing the risk of fire and creating European jobs.
• Eurima represents 20,000 employees in Europe and the installation of mineral wool keeps many more Europeans at work.
Member companies
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
376
What is the role of Eurima?
© 2006 HIT Entertainment Limited and Keith Chapman
• Eurima does scientific research on energy efficiency in buildings to contribute to the European debate on behalf of the members.
• Eurima is active at EU level to advocate the benefits of energy efficiency in buildings and make it work!
• Eurima also works with national associations in most European countries.
2. The energy efficiency potential
in buildings in Europe
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
377
Trias Energetica
3rd: efficient use of fossil energy sources
2nd: use renewable energy sources
"the most sustainable energy is saved energy"
1st: minimise energy loss1st: minimise energy loss
Supporting the development of a low carbon economy in Europe
z z
z
Improving energy efficiency improves economic
development
Global Warming
Security of Energy Supply
Competitiveness
Buildings alone have the potential to reach Kyoto
objectives
Reducing energy demand in buildings can help limit our exposure to supply issues
No action
No action
No action
Action
Action
Action
EU unlikely to meet Kyoto objectives
Increasing dependence
on foreign energy sources
EU Lisbon objectives not
achieved
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
378
ECOFYS reports – quantifying the potentialin the building sector
Climate Protection
RegulationCost
EffectivenessEnlarged
EUPrice
Scenario
• 40% - Energy consumption by buildings in Europe.
• 460 million tonnes - Potential CO2 savings in the building sector in Europe.
• 3.3 million barrels of oil - Equivalent of what Europe’s buildings consume due to a lack of energy efficiency.
• 270 billion € - Cost due to a lack of basic energy efficiency measures in buildings.
• 560,000 - Job potential from an active strategy to deploy energy efficiency in buildings.
• 10% only - The energy saving potential tapped by the current EPBD
Key figures from Ecofys reports
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
379
3. Ecofys VII
setting up a new landscape
Starting point…
EPBDwhole building energyperformance
National or regional
whole buildingrequirements
U-valueseither as design criteria or
component requirement
Economicoptimum
Environnemental goals
Energy performance requirement per building component
in practice
+
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
380
New recommendations for all buildings in Europe
Ecofys VII
• Recommended U-values based on cost effectiveness and climate protection.
• Integrated approach with the European Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings.
New recommendations to respond to heating and cooling demands
+
Heatingdemand
Coolingdemand
HDD climate map
CDD climate map
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
381
Rationales
Rising challenges
Rising energy prices
Rising climate change effects
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
382
Much more needs to be savedin the building sector
85%Potential in buildings that needs to be tapped by 2050 to achieve
climate change objectives
Time is not on our side
Renovation cycle for a building is 30
years
2007 2020 2050
85%
?
the building stock in 2050, which has to
deliver the 85% CO2reduction, includes the
buildings that we start to renovate now!
There is an urgent need for regulation in the renovation !
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
383
Defining and Positioning
U-values in Ecofys VII
1. Climate conditions:
heating and cooling degree days maps in Europe
2. Insulation for heating and cooling
• Climate zones
• Construction type
• Building components
• Other important factors
Background
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
384
Building component and insulation
U-value optimum for heating and cooling demand
– Criteria: cost effectiveness
• Energy price: WEO 2006 – Peak Price
• Investment costs
• Interest rate
• Energy mix
– Criteria: Post Kyoto target
U-value optimum for heating and cooling demand
• 100 cities
• Investments versus annual running costs– Interest rate Service lifetime 30 years
• Impact factors– Energy prices: WEO 2006 (IEA scenario) & Peak Price (=US$70 fixed);
fuel mix, incremental costs for 1cm insulation/component
• Group starting points for cost analysing1. Scandinavia
2. Moderate zone EU15 + Switzerland
3. Warm zone EU15
4. New EU8+2+Balkan countries
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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Costs +
Costs -
Energy savings
Savings in heating and cooling
cooling
heating+
=
Insulation thickness
Insulation thickness
Costs +
Costs -
investment costs
Energy savings
Total costs
The principle of cost effectiveness
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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Costs +
cost-neutral
BEST PRACTICE
STATE of the ART
minimum
Defining cost optimum U-values
Minimum performancefor all new buildings
Reasonable achievable with good
design and building practice
Maximum level that can be achieved in the current
context
Source:Better Buildings through Energy
Efficiency
A Roadmap for Europe
page 10
Costs +
cost-neutral
BEST PRACTICE
STATE of the ART
minimum
Positioning cost optimum U-values
EXISTING HOUSING STOCK
PresentNEW BUILDING
REQUIREMENTS
U-value
0,50 0,45 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,151,00 0,35
EXAMPLE
?
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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Current recommendations are far below what is necessary
• Comparison with existing U-values requirements in EU 27 confirms how much cash is being wasted.
• National and regional standards are far below what is necessary.
• We invite member states to analyze U-value requirements
WEO 2006 - wall
0,000,050,100,150,200,250,300,350,400,450,500,550,600,650,700,750,800,850,900,951,001,051,101,151,201,251,30
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
HDD
U-v
alue
[W/m
2K]
recommended U-value for wall
exist.required. U-value -low for wall
exist.required. U-value -high for wall
Recommended U-values - Wall
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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Peak price - roof
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
0,50
0,55
0,60
0,65
0,70
0,75
0,80
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
HDD
U-v
alue
[W/m
2K]
recommended U-value for roofexist.required. U-value -low for roof
exist.required. U-value -high for roof
Recommended U-values - Roof
Appraisal of current insulation recommendations
by Ecofys VII
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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Results on cost-effectiveness and climate protection are almost identical
Optimum U-values recommendation
Cost optimum Climate ready recommendations=
Example: U-values roof
Present U-values U-values based on WEO2006 price
U-values based on peak-price
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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U-values: cost effectiveness and climate
• The recommendations are based on cost efficiency and climate targets.
• Results should be understood as the minimum recommendations from EU.
• It is the responsibility of each country to optimize the implementation taking into account other factors:
regional climate conditions, heated floor/wall, condensation risks, etc.
Post-Scriptum…
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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Support measures are also crucial
• Upfront financing is key (e.g. EU Structural Funds).
Audit
Helpdesk Training
Communication
Energy refurbishment of
buildings
€
• Any policy packages have to include a good set of organisational support measures.
THANK YOU!
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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Avenue Louise 375, Box 4
B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
Tel +32 (0)2 626 20 90
www.eurima.org
Henryk KWAPISH - Saint-Gobain Poland / EURIMA
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
TheThe
GGREENREENLLIGHTIGHTProgrammeProgramme
One simple decision...One simple decision...One amazing set of benefitsOne amazing set of benefitsfor your organisationfor your organisation
Ryszard Zwierchanowski 12-14 September 2007 Krakow
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Summary Summary
• Electricity consumption in Europe• Green Light Programme and its principles• New Green Light project – results • Examples
– Shopping Centre– Building stairs – Storehouse lighting system
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Lighting in ELighting in EU 27U 27nonnon--residential sectorresidential sector
• ~ 26% of total electricity consumption in tertiary sector (726 TWh in 2004)
• ~ 175 TWh/yr in office buildings, commercial sector, depots , industry office buildings
• ~ 68 TWh/yr in street and road lighting infrastructure • Electronic ballasts reached 31 % only
of market share in 2004 (52% magnetic ballasts class EE1 C/D )
• Low penetration of control systems
• High energy-saving potential ~ 40%
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
– This is actually on-going voluntary programme in EU 27
– It started in EU15 in Feb 2000,– From Jan 2006 continuation in NMS as a NEW
GREENLIGHT EIE-05-192 project,– Objectives:
• to reduce the energy consumption from indoor or outdoor lighting throughout Europe,
• to increase level of traffic safety for public• to improve the quality of working conditions• to achieve environmental (reducing GHG emissions
and limiting the global warming) and economical benefits ….save money!!!
GGREENREENLLIGHTIGHT programmeprogramme
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Details of the GreenLight commitment Details of the GreenLight commitment ––PARTNERS (407)PARTNERS (407)
• Upgrade at least 50% of the spaces owned or on long term leases where the investment is profitable*.
• Or alternatively reduce the total aggregate lighting electricity consumption of the spaces owned or on long term leases by at least 30%
Existing spaces
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
GreenLightGreenLight
• All new installations shall be chosen so that no alternative installation exists that would:– (1) maintain or improve the lighting quality
provided by the chosen installation and– (2) consume less electricity and– (3) represent a supplementary investment that would
pass the profitability test
New spaces
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
GreenLightGreenLight
• Complete the upgrades within 5 years of joining the programme
• Send progress report every year
• Appoint a Corporate Manager responsible for assuring the Programme execution
In addition
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
GreenLight ENDORSERS (182)GreenLight ENDORSERS (182)
• to promote the GreenLight Programme and its goals;• to supply the Commission up-to-date information on their
products, technologies and services relevant for the GreenLight Programme;
• to educate their clients on the benefits of energy-efficient lighting practices and on the GreenLight Programme;
• to lay out a specific plan for promoting the GreenLight Programme;
• to appoint a responsible person.
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
They are MAIN ENDORSERS (9)They are MAIN ENDORSERS (9)
• create a GreenLight Programme area in their facilities ;• create a display area in at least five large airports or train stations
throughout the European Union;• help to upgrade and to create a visible GreenLight Programme
area at a famous site;• display endorsement of the GreenLight Programme in all the
European advertising for products and services in the lighting area;
• enrol five potential clients in the GreenLight Programme in a year
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Gain recognition as an Gain recognition as an environmental leader environmental leader fighting global warmingfighting global warming
• Recognition by European Commission:
– Plaques on buildings– Exclusive use of the GreenLight logo– Inclusion in the Partnership Catalogue– Participation in the GreenLight Awards– EU 27-wide advertising campaigns
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Strong support from Strong support from 2626 Energy AgenciesEnergy Agencies
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Consortium of the New GreenLight Consortium of the New GreenLight ProjectProject
•9 partners from NBS – Czech Republic - coordinator, Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia (represented by SEVEn – Cz.R.) and France,• 101 planned partners – achieved 42• 53 planned endorsers – achieved 25• Municipal and public organizations• Leaflets, brochures, seminars, conferences, articles etc. • Individual negotiations with potential partner organisations• Energy savings based on reports ~ 7.5 GWh/y
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
At the network of delicatessen shops:Before: After:
Energy savings 30,9 MWh/y –62,08%
Increase customer satisfactionIncrease customer satisfaction
Krakow1. Halogen lamps H111 60W -192 pcs2. Electronic transformer 105VA – 192 pcs.3. Installed power – 11,52 kW4. Electricity consumption– 49 766 kWh/y
1. Discharge metal halide lamps HCI TC 35W – 112 pcs
2. Control gear HF HCI 2x35 W –56 pcs
3. Installed power – 4,37 kW
4. Electricity consumption –18 870 kWh/y
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
At the network of delicatessen shops:Before: After:
Energy savings 103,8 MWh/y –71,42%
Increase customer satisfactionIncrease customer satisfaction
Gdynia1. Halogen lamps H111 60W -561 pcs2. Electronic transformer 105VA – 561 pcs.3. Installed power –33,66 kW4. Electricity consumption–145 411 kWh/y
1. Discharge metal halide lamps HCI TC 35W – 260 pcs
2. Control gear HF HCI 2x35 W –65 pcs
3. Installed power – 9,62 kW
4. Electricity consumption –41 558 kWh/y
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Become more efficientBecome more efficient
1. Lighting points – 33 CFL (3x18W)2. Installed power – 0,6 kW3. Average lighting time – 2h/day (testing)4. El. energy consumption – 428 kWh/y5. El. Energy costs – 171 PLN/y ( € 45 )6. No service costs per year
1. Lighting points – 55 IL (5x40W/ floor),2. Installed power 2,2 kW,3. Average lighting time – 8h/day,4. Energy consumption – 6336 kWh/y,5. Electric energy costs 2 534 PLN/y (€666) 6. Service costs ~ 1000 PLN/y
Before After
11 floor building-356 000 buildings in PL,7 mil HH
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Become more safetyBecome more safety1. 11 floor building - 356 000 buildings in
PL, 7 mil HH 2. 60 – 70% still with old type lighting
system3. 250 000 x 3000 kWh/y = 0,75 TWh/y
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Storehouses and depots lighting systemExample of energy saving possibilities of trade network store-house with installed 108 incandescent lamps430W operating 24h/day.
Energy consumption per day:
108x24x430 = 1114,56kWh
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Storehouses and halls lighting system
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Storehouses and halls lighting system
Energy consumption with the system (as a result of tests only 42 lamps areshining 8 h): 42 x 8 x 430 = 144,48kWh
Energy savings:
100% - (144,48/1114,56) x 100%=100 % - 13%= 87%Economic benefits per year:(1114,56-144,48)x0,2PLNx365 days = 70815PLN = € 18635,-
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Http://www.eu-greenlight.org
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An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
Be Part of aBe Part of aEuropean MovementEuropean Movement
Ask for a complete registration formwith programme details:
An initiative of theEUROPEANCOMMISSION
The Polish National Energy Conservation Agencyul. Mokotowska 3500-560 WarszawaTel. 0-22 626 09 10Fax. 0-22 626 0911rzwierchanowski@kape.gov.pl
WWW.EU-GREENLIGHT.ORG
Ryszard ZWIERCHANOWSKI - Polish National Energy Conservation Agency, Poland
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Core partner:
4EM – MCP is supported by:
4EM – MCPMotor Challenge Programme - Energy Efficient Electric Motor Systems in New Member and Candidate Countries
Szymon Liszka Michal Pyka
FEWE, Katowice, PL
Brief Presentationof the 4EM MCP Program
Motor Challenge Program
in New Member States
Background to MCP and 4EM-MCPThe EU Policies and Programmes
for Energy Efficient Motor Driven Systemscould save in Europe 200 billion kWh of electricity consumption and
reduce by 100 million tonnesthe greenhouse gases emission
(as for EU-15)
According to the ECCP research, motor systems are responsible for:
•69% of the total electricity consumption in industry
•38% of the total electricity consumption in the tertiary sector,
•30% of total EU electricity consumption in the European Union.
The EU Directive points out (among other) the electric motors as productswhich have been identified by the ECCP as offering a high potential for cost-
effective reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
Michal PYKA - FEWE, Poland
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What is the existing position of EE Motors?
30%
44%54%
80%83% 84% 85%
53%43%
16% 12% 10% 8%
2% 3% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7%
68%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
udzi
ał w
spr
zedaży
EFF1 EFF2 EFF3
Total motor sales in the scope of Voluntary Agreement of CEMEP.The diagram columns refer to the EU-15.
Source: Inception Report: Analysis of existing technical and market information, University of Coimbra, 2006
Volume of EE motors sales in the EU New Member Countries is still very small
The goal of substantially improving end-use energy efficiency is a keycomponent of the EU energy and environmental policies, shared by all EU Member States.
Master EU initiatives related to MCP: SAVE Programme and its continuation"Intelligent Energy for Europe".
The Motor Challenge Programme is one of the actions, aimed specifically at industrial use of electricity in Motor Driven Systems.
It is an EC voluntary programme through which industrial companies are aided in improving the energy efficiency of their Motor Driven Systems. Anyenterprise or organisation planning to contribute to the Motor ChallengeProgramme objectives can participate.
Why MCP?
Michal PYKA - FEWE, Poland
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What and where is MCP?
DEXA MCP Programme 4EM MCP Programme In Poland: PEMP Programme
The European Motor Challenge Programme
In P
olan
d(F
EWE
)
4EM-MCP Leaders and Participants
The ‘Old EU’ Partners:•Portugal – ISR-University of Coimbra•Italy – ECD
‘Core’ Participants:•Poland – PCPC, FEWE•Romania - ENERO•Bulgaria – ESDB, BSREC, EEA•Hungary - SC
Newly Invited Participants:•Czech Republic - SEVEN•Slovakia - ECB•Latvia - ECODOMA•Estonia - ESB
The 4EM-MCP Participants
Michal PYKA - FEWE, Poland
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
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How does the MCP work?
Users of EMDS
Producers of motors
Producers of equipment with EMDS
Distributors, suppliers
PartnersCompanies that use Motor Driven Systems
Big producers' management
Consulting companies
Design offices
Research institutions
Co-financing institutions
EndorsersEntities introducing and promoting the MCP objectives
The European Motor Challenge ProgrammeThe European Commission
EMDS – Electric Motor Driven Systems
What is the expected outcome? (1- the EU)The results of the 4EM-MCP initiative will be: greater awareness of energy savings and greater knowledge about the MCP, easier access to energy savings for small and medium enterprises in New Member and Candidate Countries, report with statistical information on the market penetration of energy efficient electric motor systems and pilot industry interventions.
24679
52391
128245
49243
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
GWh
Bulgaria Czech Republic Poland Romania
Electricity consumption by countries
Energy saving by the use of energy saving motors in Europe
Source: Inception Report: Analysis of existing technical and market information, University of Coimbra, 2006
Michal PYKA - FEWE, Poland
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Share of individual motor sizes in the totall installed power of motors, Poland, (estimation by FEWE, based on EU data and own estimations by FEWE)
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
0,55 1,1
2,2 4
7,5 15 22 37 55 90 132
200
400
1000
3000
rating power / size, [kW]
Shar
e in
inst
alle
pow
er
What is the expected outcome? (2 - Poland)Total Electric drives
mining of hard and brown coal 6 118 4 894other mining 1 393 697metallurgy 10 952 7 119chemical 7 446 6 552non-metallic minerals 3 451 2 657paper, pulp and print 3 179 2 066constructions 510 240textiles 957 488furniture and other 699 419water supply and sewage treatment 1 655 1 324waste recovery 129 71other industrial sectors 15 282 7 947power sector 20 092 17 681
Sub-total 71 863 52 156
SECTORUse of electricity, GWh
What is the expected outcome? (3 – Poland, ctd.)
Available improvement in motor efficiencies
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
0,55 1,
1
2,2 4
7,5 15 22 37 55 90 132
200
400
1000
3000
Pres
ent S
tand
ard
Effic
ienc
y an
d Ef
f1
Potential of energy savings to result from efficiency improvement up to the EFF1 level, aggregated for vatious motor size-groups, Poland
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0,55 1,
1
2,2 4
7,5 15 22 37 55 90 132
200
400
1000
3000
Motor rating power, kW
Eneg
ry s
avin
gs, G
Wh/
year
A very conservative approach:Total energy savings potential=
=2,3 TWh/year, of which ~1,5 TWh/year in the industrial sector
In reality – more, because the actual efficiency of motors is lower than
the Standardised
Michal PYKA - FEWE, Poland
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Tools for the MCP and PartnershipTools:–Electrical Distribution Module–Management Policies Module–Fan Systems Module–Compressed Air Systems Module–Pumping systems Module–Refrigeration systems Module–Drives ModuleThe Toolset Modules are available through the MCP, 4EM-MCP, DEXA MCP, PEMP, and other specific websites addressing the MCP
Attending the MCP by an Enterprise:
1. Inventory and assessment of operating electric drives.2. Defining of an Action Plan and Company’s commitments.3. Approval of the Action Plan by the EC. 4. Implementing the Action Plan and yearly Reports to EC.5. Prolongation of the Partner status.
Synergy and Feedback with the PEMP Programme (GEF)The main objective of the PEMP Programme is mitigation
of GHG emission in Poland in relation to power production.The project way to achieve this objective is to improve efficiency of electric drives.
Michal PYKA - FEWE, Poland
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Offered by PEMP:
Demonstration Projects:•Pilot implementations in the industry sectors,•Presentation of technical and economic benefits,•Dissemination of experience, raising awareness.
Activities of the PEMP Centre:•Dissemination of knowledge on EE motor systems,•Providing trainings, seminars, educational activity,•Supporting potential investors in project defining and acquiring finance
Rebate (Financial Incentives) Programme:•Addresses energy efficient low voltage motors up to 160 kW,•Grant to the producer for made and sold EE motor,•Opportunity to the users to buy EE motor at price for standard motor•Transformation of the motor market structure.
The End
The sole responsibility for the content of this presentationlies with the authors. It does not represent the opinion of the European Communities. The European Commission is not responsible for any use
that may be made of the information contained therein.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Michal PYKA - FEWE, Poland
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Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 1
Enlarging the Market for Low Consumption Commercial Buildings
The European GreenBuilding Programme
Paolo BertoldiPaolo BertoldiEuropean Commission DG JRCEuropean Commission DG JRC
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 2
Introduction to Voluntary Programmes
• Energy efficiency is a key components of any organisation to reduce environmental impact, and increase competitiveness through a reduction of energy costs;
• Voluntary programmes based on shared goals between the public administration and organisation have proven to work (e.g. US Energy Star programme);
• Benefits for the programme participants are: access to information, (technical) support for their energy efficiency actions, dissemination of their achievements, awards;
• Benefits for the public administration: achievement of energy saving by deploying market forces and information, without strong intervention as in the case of regulation, shared goals with private sector;
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 415
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 3
Objectives of the GreenBuilding Programme
• GBP is designed and will be operated in order to contribute to the EU objective to reduce energy demand in buildings.
• GBP main goal is to stimulate “additional” cost-effective energy efficiency and renewable energies projects in non-residential buildings to establish a markets for energy efficiency by the realisation of economically viable investments in energy efficiency.
• GBP will help and facilitate the implementation of the new Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings (EPB Directive) by promoting and disseminating its requirements.
• The objective of the GBP is to help overcome most of the barriers to energy efficiency and renewables in buildings - in particular the lack of interest and information, technical capabilities and access to finance.
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 4
Objectives of the GreenBuilding Programme• GBP will also complement the EPB Directive by stimulating
energy efficiency measures in existing buildings, in particular by stimulating energy efficiency in smaller refurbishments(compared to what required by the EPB Directive) and/or by stimulating only energy efficiency projects (without building refurbishment, for example for office equipment, lighting, HVAC)and by introducing mandatory energy management in building (not cover by the EPB Directive).
• GBP will create a set of resources and building examples to facilitate the technical developments associated with the EPB Directive
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 416
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 5
HOW ?
by providing information and technical support, including information about:• energy management and energy audit; • building and system upgrades;• M&V;• ESCOs and financial opportunities;to companies wanting to commit to adopting energy-efficient measures (both equipment/building upgrading and energy management practices) in buildings and by providing public recognition for their efforts and results.
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 6
Which Owner may become GB Partner?
• for existing buildings at least 25 % less consumption• for new buildings at least 25 % below national requirements
Consumption
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
before refurbishment after refurbishment
at least 25 %
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 417
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 7
Areas of Action in GreenBuildingElectricity loads:• Lighting;• Office Equipment;• Electric Appliances (refrigeration, washing, cooking); • Distribution Transformers and UPSs;• Lift and elevators;• Heat pumps;• Air-conditioning and Ventilation;Other fuels:• Heating, water heating and steam (boilers);• co and tri-generation;Building shell (insulation, windows);Passive cooling, heating and natural ventilation;Renewable Energies (solar, biomass, etc.);
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 8
GreenBuilding Modules
HVAC
Lighting
Co-generation
Office equipment
Commercial Appliances
Distribution transformers
Management Policies
Renewables
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 418
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 9
Contents of the Modules
1. Guide on how to do the energy audit for the relevant systems:2. Typical technical information on efficiency improvements for the
equipment/system concerned, including:– System Design (size, topology, etc.);– Equipment Selection (including alternatives system/equipment);
– Equipment and system control;– System Operation and Maintenance;
3. Tips on how to formulate a Action Plan and how to report
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 10
How to become GreenBuilding Partner
• energy audit of the building; collection of the relevant data
• action plan for the modernisation of the building
• Reporting about success of the measures.
• Participation is free of cost.
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 419
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 11
Key principles of the GB Programme
• The "Management Policies" Module is required by all participants and is supposed to aid them in making energy efficiency an element of management priorities at every step of the life cycle of a building.– Results of DoE energy management programmes showed that up to 80%
of the savings could be attributed to the energy efficient practices of staff and the operations and maintenance staff.
– Examples include continuos and preventive maintenance, building commissioning, equipment purchasing policies (e.g. LCC), continuos monitoring of energy consumption.
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 12
Benefits for participants in the GBP
• Direct financial benefits by saving money and in most cases improving working conditions.
• Indirect benefits resulting from the growing attention of consumers and investors.
• Possibility to link the project to national CO2 emission reduction programme or other (Green/White certificates).
• Information resources. • Public recognition/endorserment.
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 420
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 13
Gain recognition as a leader fighting global warming
Improve occupants healthand productivity
Increase customer satisfaction
Become more competitive
Benefits of joining GreenLight
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 14
CREVER
ADENE
ADEME
DENA; Berliner Energie Ag.
CRES
EVAEVA
POLIMI
MOTIVA
SPF
Cenergie.
GreenBuilding National Contact Points in 13 countries
DBRI
Institut Josef Stefan
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 421
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 15
• 2-year pilot phase (2005-2006) of the European GreenBuilding Programme
• supported by the European Commission• trigger investments in energy efficiency of non-
residential buildings• Consortium: 13 organisations from 10 EU member
states plus Croatia
Programme Summary
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 16
52 European GB Partners (selection)
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 422
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 17
European GreenBuilding Projects (selection)
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 18
29 European GreenBuilding Endorsers (selection).
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 423
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 19
Experiences with GreenBuilding
Added value by GreenBuilding as seen by participants• Encouragement to address energy efficiency measures• Additional aspect in decision-making process• Element in PR strategies• Marketing support• Instrument of staff motivation • European context
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 20
Participating Buildings
broad variety of different types of non-residential buildings.
56 %2 5%
8 %6 % 5%
office and administration buildings
education facilities
sport facilities
Commercial facilities, hotels, hospitals
Airport, church, prison, police station
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 424
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 21
Participating Buildings
• The majority of the buildings belong to
– 65 % private institutions– 35 % public bodies
• 73% modernisations of existing buildings
• 27% new buildings
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 22
Measures applied
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
heati
ng
contr
ol sy
stems
lighti
ng
air co
nditio
n/ven
tilatio
n
build
ing en
velop
e
renew
able
energ
ies
heat
pumps
summer
heat
protec
tion
cooli
ng
groun
d exc
hang
e
co-ge
nerat
ion
electr
ic ap
plian
ces
A variety of technical fields were addressed by the GreenBuilding Partners. The following lists the most frequently applied measures
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 425
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 23
Savings achieved
52 GreenBuilding Partners (February 2007) each year• ~ 90.000 MWh primary energy savings • ~ 22.000 tons of CO2 emissions
Assuming a lifetime of 20 years, these savings will accumulate to – ~1.8 TWh primary energy and – ~435.000 tons of CO2.
• Average primary energy savings of 33% through GreenBuilding• Number of GreenBuilding Partners is continuously growing
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 24
GreenBuilding Partner – City of Nuremberg.
• Day-care centre Philipp-Körber-Weg 2 • Refurbishment of a former administration and
cantina building of the Nuremburg• measures (2004):
building envelope, heating and lighting• Primary heating energy consumption - 80%• Primary energy demand after refurbishment:
32% below requirements German energy savings ordinance for new buildings (EnEV)
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 426
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 25
GreenBuilding-Partner KfW: Revitalisierung KfW Haupthaus.
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 26
Theiss Architekten & 45 Future Office Juli 2003
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 427
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 27
GreenBuilding Partner – KfW-Bankengruppe
• Modernisation of the “KfW-Haupthaus”• The office building was constructed in 1968• September 2006 completion of renovation
measures – ventilation – heating and cooling – lighting and – the building envelope
• Primary energy demand after refurbishment 130 kWh/m2a Reduction of 46% 35% better than a new building
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 28
GreenBuilding-Partner KfW:
Lighting
other techniques
Heating
Air conditioning
Final Energy Demand
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 428
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 29
“Aquapark Bohinj ” (Slovenia)
Expected standard design primary energy demand:Overall primary energy demand: 1.415,5 MWhSpecific energy demand: 472 kWh/m2Actual primary energy demand (2005):Electricity: 282,3 MWh/yrLPG gas: 615,5 MWh/yrOverall primary energy demand: 897,8 MWh/yrSpecific energy demand: 299 kWh/m2CO2 emission: 280,9 tEnergy consumption reduction: 517,7 MWh (46%)
523Total
262Switch to main heat supply with ground source heat pump heating system 100 kW of heating power).2007Heating
169Three air-conditionning system with variable speed drive electric motors and waste heat recuperation over 75%.2004Waste air heat
recovery
92Heating of sanitary and fresh water with system of reservoirs, heat exchangers and heat pumps (COP>10).2004Waste water
heat recovery
EnergySavingsMWh/yr
DescriptionYear of constructionMain measures
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 30
Menerga (Slovenia)Low energy intelligent office building with an active concrete construction, air conditioning and exploitation of geothermal energy The energy system of an office business building is presented, where at minimal energy consumption, optimal working conditions are achieved. The investment costs are in the same range as the investment costs for building a traditional building.
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 429
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 31
Menerga (Slovenia)
Thermal activation of the concrete constructionThe basis of an energy saving building is a very efficient insulation. The building is in average insulated with a 16 centimeter layer of insulation and all thermal bridges are eliminated.Basically the temperature of the building in winter and as well in summer is maintained by maintaining a suitable temperature of the buildings concrete construction. At the lowest outside temperatures in winter, room temperatures around 20°C are achieved with water temperature in the concrete construction thermal activation system around 22-23°C. In summer the room temperatures never exceed over 26°C because of the combination of water temperature in concrete construction and cool inlet air temperature (inlet air temperature around 19°C).
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 32
Robert-Murjahn-Institute (RMI) (Turkey)• Conservation of energy: In order to minimize the
heating and cooling demand of the building, 8 cm thick carbon filled expanded polystyrene insulation boards, which is about twice the requirements of the corresponding national standard is installed.
• Use of renewable energy source: A ground source heat pump system (GSHP) is installed in order to provide the energy for heating and cooling of the building. A vertical closed loop system with 22 double-U bore-holes, each 100 m deep, use the earth’s constant temperature as a heat sink in the summer and a heat source in the winter. Twenty-seven heat pump units are used to distribute heated or cooled air throughout the building. The efficiency of the heat pump system will be monitored using sensors and a data acquisition system.
• Increase the input of natural light into the building:the building comprises two skylights with a total area of 190 m2, which is about one forth of the base area.
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 430
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 33
Robert-Murjahn-Institute (RMI) (Turkey)• Existing Design with GSHP’s and 8 cm insulation
41465182480064,78Summer9144114294
499862470100062,47Winter
(€/yr)(kWh)(€/yr)(kWh)(h)(kW)
TotalEnergy Cost
Total Energy Demand
Energy Cost
Energy DemandOperational
Hours
Electricity Power
• Conventional Design with Fuel Oil Heating and A/C Cooling and 4 cm insulation
5722-71520-80089,40Summer20314
14593130211965015191100019,65Winter
(€/yr)(€/yr)(€/yr)(kWh)(kg)(h)(kW)
Total Energy Cost
Energy Cost
Oil CostEnergy Demand
Oil DemandOperational Hours
Electricity Power
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 34
Terme snovik – Kamnik d.o.o. (SI)
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 431
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 35
Terme snovik – Kamnik d.o.o. (SI)
• In January 2002 a covered thermal riviera with the overall area of 2.700 m2 was built
• In July 2003 a new outdoor entertainment pool complex with a total water area of 500 m2 was built. The central building was insulated in accordance with the rules from 1998 and waste air heat recovery of the ventilation system was already included. As the building owner wanted to additionally lower operation costs for the heating of the indoor and outdoor pools, heat pumps, Biomas heating boiler (500 kW) to replace 90% usage of LPG for heating, and a system of solar collectors were installed. Thus 70.000 l LPG (45% ) for the needs of the central unit operation with an indoor and outdoor pool are saved annually.
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 36
TriGranit (Hungary)
The Millennium Tower I building is equipped with a "Forced Interactive Wall". Thanks to this technology we are able to decrease our electric-ity needs by 39-44%, decrease our gas needs by 12-30%, and indirectly decrease carbon pro-duction. With central coolers, with water-cooling chillers,. Specified cooling machine capacity factor: COP min. 4,4. The chillers supply the entire building. Regulated cooling circles are built. The general office coolers will be the so called inductive cooling beams.
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 432
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 37
Conclusions
• The European GreenLight (GL), Motor Challenge (MCP) and GreenBuilding (GBP) programmes requires that participating companies adopt an Energy Management planand an Energy Policy, which reflects the company values. Energy Management is closely linked to Energy audits as often said “you cannot manage what you don’t know you’ve got”. These programmes also support and promote “good”Energy Managers.
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 38
Other important & positive outcomes
• GBP promote performance contracting and the ESCOsindustry.
• Promote the role of the Energy managers as a professional figure.
• Create awareness for important practices such as M&V, energy audit, continuous maintenance, commissioning, “Green” procurements, Life Cycle Costing.
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 433
Workshop on: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", 12-14 September, Krakow, Poland 39
Thank you
For more information look at:
http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/greenbuilding/index.htmor
contactpaolo.bertoldi@ec.europa.eu
JRC Workshop on "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007
Paolo BERTOLDI - European Commission DG JRC, IES 434
European Commission EUR 23548 EN – Joint Research Centre – Institute for Environment and Sustainability Title: Proceedings of the JRC Workshop on Scientific Technical Reference System on Renewable Energy & Use Efficiency: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings" Authors: Paolo Bertoldi and Bogdan Atanasiu Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2009 – 436 pp. – 21 x 29,7 cm EUR – Scientific and Technical Research series – ISSN 1018-5593 ISBN 978-92-79-10329-2 Abstract This book contains the Proceedings of the JRC Workshop on Scientific Technical Reference System on Renewable Energy & Use Efficiency: "Effective Policies for Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings", Krakow, Poland, 12-14 September 2007. The overall aim of the workshop was to contribute to the implementation of the new energy efficiency measures and policies in New Member States, Candidate Countries and Neighbouring countries in the building sector and to foster a real market for energy efficiency, with a particular focus on the implementation of Directives and the European Commission Action Plan for Energy Efficiency for achieving a 20% reduction in energy consumption by 2020. To the success of the workshop contributed around 60 participants from 18 European Countries, representing national ministries and local administrations, energy agencies and energy services companies, universities, local energy companies, International, European and national financing groups and banks, commercial companies and industry associations. The presentations from these Proceedings covered instruments and solutions for financing energy efficiency, multilateral and local banks experience, the use of the carbon market and particular flexible mechanisms, National energy efficiency Action Plans, ESCO projects, status of electricity consumption in enlarged EU, European Commission initiatives (GreenLight, GreenBuilding and Motor Challenge programmes).
How to obtain EU publications Our priced publications are available from EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu), where you can place an order with the sales agent of your choice. The Publications Office has a worldwide network of sales agents. You can obtain their contact details by sending a fax to (352) 29 29-42758.
The mission of the JRC is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies. As a service of the European Commission, the JRC functions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Close to the policy-making process, it serves the common interest of the Member States, while being independent of special interests, whether private or national.
LB
- NA
- 23548- EN- C
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