ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE1 The Tile-HCAL, studies and time plans, V. Korbel, DESY, 30m The last meetings since ECFA-DESY workshop.
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ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 1
The Tile-HCAL, studies and time plans,V. Korbel, DESY, 30m
•The last meetings since ECFA-DESY workshop in Prague (Nov. 2002)•actual status of R&D:
–scintillators–WLS-fibres, clear fibres, fibre coupling–optimisation of tile-fibre system (TFS)–photodetectors–preamps
•measurements with the minical–readout and DAQ–cosmics,–noise and pedestals–LED-calibration–plans for e-beam test at DESY (summer 2003)
•status of preparations for the 1m3 prototype for E-flow beam tests
–photodetectors–preamps–VFE RO boards
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 2
The last Tile-HCAL meetings
• Since the Prague ECFA-DESY workshop:• main meetings: 4.12.2002, 20.1.2003, 4.3.2003 • LAL-Orsay, preamps for APDs, dela Taille, Cvach,... Dec. 2002• CERN, VFE for APDs with DUBNA, I. Golutvin, I. Tiapkin, F. Sefkow, Dec.
2002• DUBNA, VFE, I. Golutvin, I. Tiapkin, Y. Gilitski, Minsk people,.... Febr.
2003• ITEP and MEPHI, Moscow, B. Dolgoshein, V. Rusinov,..... Febr.
2003• LAL-Orsay, VFE for APDs, dela Taille, I. Tiapkin, F. Sefkow,... Febr.
2003• ????• future main meetings: 6.5.2003, 17.6.2003 ??? To be fixed these days
Documentation: 1. tasks, institutes, people, time plans, meetings, talks and minutes in Web:>>>http://www.desy.de/~korbel/see/tilehacal/....2. detailed Tile-HCAL R&D report, Oct. 2002, available:
“ The Tile-HCAL Calorimeter for the TESLA Detector, a Status Report on the R&D-Studies”
3. new web-page with better guidance is prepared, open next week!
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 3
Presentations for the Tile-HCAL on this workshop
•CALICE collaboration meeting (Monday,31.3.03,NIKHEF):V. Korbel, Introduction to CALICE Tile-HCAL meeting: “Status of the R&D”, 15’M. Danilov for ITEP, R&D in Russia, 20’B. Dolgoshein for MEPHI, News from the Si-PMs as Photodetetctors for the Tile-HCAL, 20’S. Nemecek for Prague, APD’s for the HCAL, gain stabilityV. Korbel for DESY, LPI Tests with the minical, plans for prototype, time scale
•DAQ and Trigger meeting:V. Korbel, DAQ concepts for the minical and Tile-HCAL prototype, 10’P. Daucey, CALICE beam test DAQ
•Calorimeter Session, Hadronic CalorimeterV. Korbel, The Tile-HCAL, studies and time plansV. Morgunov for DESY, ITEP, Prototype Tile-HCAL Simulation withSi-PMs as PhotodetectorsP. Dauncey, DAQ for the CALICE beam test
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 4
The plastic scintillators for the tiles
The different scintillators studied:PVT: -BC-408, BC-404,.....PS:
•SCSN-81, Kuraray•new R&D scintillators from Kuraray:•ITEP/Vladimir: BASF-143, others•Protvino/LPI SC-306M, SC-307.....•Charkov
The PS scintillators based on PS •show ~0.5..0.65 LY of PVT•but ~ 5 x cheaper•possibility to cast them in tiles (with grooves)>>> made studies on •LY and uniformity, ok?•>>> decision to select producer
M.Danilov,CALICE mainrecent measurements in ITEP
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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Details of TFS Optimisation Studies
Centre/straight WLS-fibre Diagonal/bent WLS-fibre
No stress on fibre,fibre refl. =tile reflector
Double looped fibre •strong fibre bend,•most stress on fibre,•probably ageing damages,•fibre end fibre reflector inside tile >>> special reflective coating needed ?
L=7,85cmL=5cm
L=31,4cm 1.1 mm hole in center •drilled and polished? •could it be made during tile moulding?
more stress on fibre,fibre refl. =tile reflector
clear RO fibre to couple:1-3.5m in detector,light attenuation <18%
L=7.85cm
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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The WLS-fibres
1 mm diameter, double clad, BC-91ABC-92BC-Dayglo, red range extendedKuraray, Y-11(100-500ppm) WLS shifting component
polishing of fibre endfibre end reflectorattenuation lengthconversion efficiencystability against bends, loops (2.4 mm radius)ageing agains bend stress, in radiation field
>>>> Y-11(300) for short fibres Y-11(500) for long fibresmaterial available for all minical channels University Friedberg/Giessen
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The coupling of WLS-fibres to scintillator
, similar to BC-408, 404
Have selected Kuraray Y11(300)
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TFS LY measurements at ITEP
M.Danilov,CALICE main
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The actual achieved LY for the TFS
, Kuraray, WLS-fibre
3M-Super Radiant Reflector
Scintillator BC-408,
All together: 100% reflectivity at fibre end
Treatment direction
22+/-1.5 pe (BC-408, Aug. 2002)>> 26 (new results from ITEP)•both Russian scintillators have ~ 2/3 of BC-408 LY•~20% more LY can be expected by improving polishing of WLF-fibre end,•no gluing needed anymore
Light yield/tile/MA-PM
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 10
Photocathode sensitivity of APD
WLS-fibre, Kuraray
clear-fibres, Bicron and Kuraray
•attenuation in clear RO-fibres minimal:BC-98: 0,65 db/m ~ 40% for 5m fibre•no damage observed for bent fibres(d=5 cm)•no ageing during 1 day observed>>> Y11(300), on tile + BC-98 RO-fibre
Light attenuation measurement in RO-fibres
10,20,50 and100 cm
(ITEP)
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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WLS fibre-clear fibre connection
WLS-fibre >>clear fibre:•standard is gluing with optical gluebetter procedure: •thermo-fusing, ~ 80-120oC, heating by 1-2 windings of resistive wirefibres cut, adjusted and pushed together in glass tube of 1.10 mm inner hole diameterfew A current for a few sec.>> connection difficult to find by eye no light loss seen at connection first results: 84% transmission improvement potential still available in the fusing procedure
Well established procedure at FNALfor CDF calorimeter, 90% transmission >>production parameters can be optimised
Pressure, temperature, timeguide tube diameter ?
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The remaining candidate photodetectors:
APD’s: S8664-55spl, 3x3mm2,
S8550, 32 pixels of 1.6x1.6mm2
at test in PragueSi-PM’s (MEPhI): gain ~2*106
photocathode eff. ~ 15-20% sizes: 1x1mm2, 576 and 1000 pixels/mm2 -800-1200 Photodetectors needed (APDs) with 3-7 tiles combined to calo cells or -3200-4800 Si-PM’s of 1x1mm2 needed alternatively-decision to use both detectors in prototype
Photodetectors
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APD’sHamamatsu, 3x3mm APD, S8664-55splpackage is same as S8664-55 (5x5 mm APD)'s with resin coating.Delivery time takes 1.5 months for 30 pcstypical performance:gain= 50 100 >1000 possibleId 600pA 1.2nAC 28pF 28pFhave 6 APD’s for tests170 Euro per piece, for 30122 Euro per piece, for 300 60 Euro per piece, for 1500 25 Euro ? for > 100 000 APD’s?
C
GAIN M
Id
500 V
10
100Hamamatsu S8664-55
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
bias voltage
gain
Future plan (Hamamatsu) : APD Array :try to make low capacity type, proceed with "3 x 3 mm, 4 x 4 ch APD-array".target characteristic is as follows. C : 15 pF Variation of gain : +/- 20 to 30 %
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
V. Korbel, DESY and CALICE 142 ns
2 mV
Some features:• Sensitive size 1x1mm2 on 1.5x1.5 mm2
• Gain 2106 at Ubias~ 50V • Recovery time ~ 100 ns/pixel• Nuclear counter effect: negligible (due to Geiger mode operation)• Number of pixels: 576, now 1000/mm2
• Dynamic range > 200
R&D at MEPHI (Moscow), B. Dolgoshein, together with PULSAR (Russ. Industry)
R 50
h
pixel
Ubias
Al
Depletion Region2 m substrat
e
ResistorRn=400 k
20m
42m SiPMs, Silicon Photomultiplier
For further details see:«Advanced study of SiPM»http://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/icfa/fall01.html
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Performance of SiPMs with 1 scint.Tile
DESY e-test beamwith various Si-PMs (MEPHI)
4-8 pe576 px53-55V
15 pe1000 pxSi-PM on tile
10 pe, 576 px54V
minical
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 400,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
10-2
10-1
100
101
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108
MIP Detection by one cell ( 3 Tiles + 3 SiPMs)
98% efficiency
Da
rk r
ate
, Hz
Threshold, phe
MIP
de
tect
ion
eff
icie
ncy
Si-PM’s, dark rate and MIP detection
Sum of 3 tiles,e-beam test DESY
576pix/mm2From Elena Popova, MEPhI
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Minical array
Assembled with up to27 scintillator layers, of 9 tiles each, 5x5X0.5 cm3
243 scintillator tiles or81 cells of 3 tilesread out by ~ 50 cm WLS fibres to photo-detectors:
APD’s: 3 tiles/APDMA-PMs: 16fold, 3 tiles/pixelSi-PMs: 1 tile/Si-PM•also:1x32 M-APD array (Pra
Stack and Tile structure
Aim of this device is:cosmics, study of:•LY•uniformity of response•calibration with MIPs•stability of MIP signals•different photodetectors•long term ageing
LED monitoring:•stability•dynamic range
e-beam, study of:•energy resolution•constant term
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Minical, pictures
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Minical, pictures
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Where are we?
Status now, for minical tests:•WLS-fibres ordered and delivered, 500m(Y11-300) and 100m(Y11-500)•3M super-reflector foil available• minical now modified by Prague group: 9 mm gaps, larger housing, windows for feed-through, light tight,
easier access to interior•6 new Hamamatsu APD’s (3x3 mm2, 190 Euro/piece) now at DESY
to be inserted in minical for MIP tests, yield next 3 weeks ?•Si-PM production/delivery schedule (see Boris talk)
next 30 available, than 100 up to June, 1000 pixels/mm2
•TFS geometry, reduce variety soon, up to end April•design/build cassettes, for 9 tiles, 9 mm tick, 27 pieces for July tests•preamps to design/order >> LAL Orsay: 7.4.03, delivery 30.6.03
R&D for Minsk/Gilitski, Prague, DESY/Smirnov types goes on•APD’s and Si-PM’s to order >> 30 APD’s and ~100 Si-PM’s (with 1000pixels)•HV distribution to design/order/build:
•380-420V, APD, 30 channels•and 55-68 V, Si-PM, 100 channels
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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„minical“-tasks, TFS production details
The TFS for the minical:--81 tiles with Si-PMs, short WLS-fibres, SI-PM inserted, from Vladimir/ITEP--81 tiles from Protvino, with cylindrical holes??, cast in moulds, together with the tiles or drilled, to insert the WLS-fibres--81 tiles from BC-408, cut and polished at DESY, with a) WLS-fibres in cylindrical, drilled central holes, 50 cm more fibre to APD’s b) WLS fibres in curved diagonal grooves, also 50cm to APD’s• Hope to have a technology to replace the WLS-fibre outside the tiles by fused clear fibres, who does it?• Can ITEP prepare also the 81 Protvino tiles? >>I.e. make grooves or holes, insert fibres, wrap tiles, test in black box?• A special >5 cm long drill of 1.1 mm diameter is in preparation at DESY.• We need to group tiles with equal (+/-5%) LY, 3 tiles of same response to one APD. Thus LY of all 81 TFS to be measured with a source. To do at DESY with help of Protvino/LPI people.Our Time scheme:
•Production of tiles in April/mid May•Machining/Wrapping in May/ mid June•Tests and selection in June/mid July•Delivery to DESY mid July•Start insertion in minical last 2 weeks in July•Cosmic calibration tests 2 first weeks in August•We need more participating physicists during minical set-up and tests.
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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Support frames for TFS
MEPhI, ITEP
For APD’s For SI-PMs
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Direct TFS readout with SiPM
M.Danilov,CALICE main
in minical at DESY
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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Shower containment in minical, DESY e-beam
1 section, 9 layers, 81 cells
MIP peak used for calibration
Shower leakage to correct withthe middle section of minical
Studies by V. Andreev >>>
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Energy resolution in minical, DESY e-beam
/E=a/sqrt(E) (+) cAim is to study:the effects contributingto the constant term:
•LY fluctuations within tiles•lat. non-uniformity of response•MIP calibration precision•stabilty of calibration•noise•dead gaps between tiles•leakage
calibration a +/- da c +/- dc0 18,16 0,12 0,5 0,4210 18,29 0,18 3,35 0,2620 18,54 0,21 6,41 0,17
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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Energy resolution in minical, Si-PM, 576 pixels
calibration a +/- da c +/- dc0 18,16 0,12 0,5 0,42
Poisson 18,95 0,17 0,33 0,53Poisson+Sat. 17,27 0,16 1,85 0,4
last 4 points 16,07 0,39 3,44 0,4
Saturation curve:number of fired pixels vsnumber of photons x photo-conversion efficiency
/E=a/sqrt(E) (+) c
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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BC-408 scintillatorsingle tile,diagonal bend groove,cosmic -peak,60 cm WLS fibre ROMA-PM23,1-26,2 pe
•Noise, randoms•cosmics•LED-pulses
Calibrating the minical cells
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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BC-408 scintillatorsingle tile,diagonal bend groove,cosmic -peak,60 cm WLS fibre ROto MA-PM23,1-26,2 pe
Random andpedestal subtractedcosmic -peak spectraof some PS-scintillatorsfrom Protvino/LPI9-13.3 pe
Calibrating minical cells, studying LY
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Remote web access to the measurements
Install in minical:different•scintillators•fibres•photodetectors•pre-amps•supply voltages•trigger conditions
Look for:•gain•stability•signal width•signal noise separation•calibration with MIP’s•run parameter file
LED monitoring
Study the results of up to 64 channels with MIP’s
ITEPLPIMEPHIPragueProtvinoDESY....
At DESY:
via web:+sw-tools:•F. Krivan•V. Dodolov•A.Terkulov•S. Karakash
Start run withnew componentsor new settingsall 24 hours.
very similar situation later during prototype running inbeam test at other laboratories
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HCAL prototype for E-flow studies
Required volume ~ 1 m3
~ 800-1200 calorimeter cellsFe-structure can accept•analogue •or digital HCAL??
10 GeV pions
100 GeV pions
100 cm
Leakagedetector needed!
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The Prototype stack
Design/Construction Studies:•TDR•LC-notes•K. Gadow, VK DESY, Jan. 2003Need now to come to decisions
•how to build?•Steel, ss?•2 half modules (magn.field?)•Where?
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more on tile sizes and total numbers
n x z N n x z N1 5,3 5,11 780 18 8,92 8,85 3302 5,37 5,11 780 19 9,02 8,85 3303 5,44 5,11 780 20 9,12 8,85 3304 5,51 5,31 750 21 9,21 8,85 3305 5,59 5,31 750 22 10,25 10,21 2606 5,66 5,31 750 23 10,36 10,21 2607 6,14 5,9 630 24 10,47 10,21 2608 6,22 5,9 630 25 10,58 10,21 2609 6,3 5,9 630 26 10,69 10,21 260
10 6,87 6,64 520 27 12 12,07 19811 6,95 6,64 520 28 12,12 12,07 19812 7,04 6,64 520 29 12,24 12,07 19813 7,12 6,64 520 30 12,36 12,07 19814 7,81 7,58 420 31 12,48 12,07 19815 7,9 7,58 420 32 14,18 16,59 12816 7,99 7,58 420 33 14,47 16,59 11217 8,08 7,58 420 34 14,77 16,59 96
10240 35 15,19 16,59 8036 15,83 16,59 6437 15,88 16,59 4838 19 16,59 32
4170
total sum in HCAL Barrel module: 14410 tiles
38 layers require ~ 5000 tiles with38 different tile sizes
casting withminimum numberof moulds!
Need to fix tile sizessoon!
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Prototype channels
cell- instrumented: layers/ tilesize layerslayer (cmxcm): cell (cm2) tiles: APD's APD's Si-PM's APD's Si-PM's APD's Si-PM's
1 60 60 3 5x5 432 144 432 432 4322 60 60 3 5x5 432 144 432 432 4323 60 60 3 5x5 9 432 144 432 432 4324 80 80 4 8x8 400 100 400 400 1005 80 80 4 8x8 400 100 400 400 1006 80 80 4 8x8 21 400 100 400 100 1007 100 100 5 10x10 500 100 100 100 1008 100 100 5 10x10 31 500 100 100 100 1009 100 100 7 20x20 38 175 25 25 25 25
total 38 3671 957 225 2496 325 2096 525 1296
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The fraction of prototype cells fired
Simulation studiesfor single pions:beam energies:10, 40, 100 GeVRO threshold cuts:0, 0.25, 0.5 MIP
standard granularity: 5x5cm2, 3 cells deep(3/9) 6x6cm2, 3 cells deep(4/12) 8x8cm2, 2 cells deep(2/10)12x12cm2, 1 cell deep (1/7) 969 cells in total
By V. Andreev
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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Energy sharing between ECAL and HCAL-PT
The following studiesfrom V. Andreev:
ECAL and TChave effect on energy resolution
~ 45-55% of eventsdepose more than 2 GeV in ECAL
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Prototype TC for energy resolution
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The contribution of the TC to the energy measurement
E(ECAL) +E(HCAL) <--> E(TC)/(E(ECAL) +E(HCAL)) Epion=5,10,20,30,50 GeV
ECFA-DESY, Amsterdam
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The VFE-ROB-scheme, APDs
Array ofsingle APDsor matrices
pulseshapers
Sample &
hold
Multiplexer
(analog)
Trigger/RO
clock
LED signals
PIN diode for LED
monitoring
HV,380-420VdV/V~10-4
charge sensitive preamps
pedestals
Online/OfflineGain/HV
monitoring?
cosmic beam
Charge injection
DAC
DAC-signals
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1. Pre-selection of appropriate photodetectors available: APD’s(~6) and Si-PM’s(~10) ordering larger quantities for more tests in minical (March). Need 30 APD’s and 162 Si-PMs in total, Si-PM’s (1000 pixels!)2. studies and development of integrated preamplifier/shaper circuits, and MEPhI Si-PM with FE preamps.up to end April. Operation in Minical.3. For minical: decide on the optimal APD-preamp type, end March: ---study Minsk and Prague preamps with APD’s in minical, --- important: get noise contribution to MIP-peak (noise vs MIP efficiency) ---order/loan ~2 prototype CALICE-ECAL PCI preamp boards (which should later integrate the photodetector connections)4. Concept/design final preamp prototype boards for the 1000 channel test prototype, ....all and DUBNA?, (April)5. design prototype boards for all APD and Si-PM channels, DUBNA?,(May)6. Up to May to decide, which photodetectors in which quantity to use:
• 1000 APDs or ~ 5000 Si-PMs, • or both types in relevant quantities e.g. 200/2500
7. order of all photodetectors for the Tile-HCAL prototype, June8. Decide/order HV power supply/ distribution, June
Time Planing, 4.3.2003, I
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Time Planing,II
9. Need Russian scintillators for tests in minical, (~20 each, March)10. ordering Bicron BC-408 for the larger tile sizes, ~8 m2, up to Summer11. define optimal cell and tile sizes, from software and hardware studies, decision up to end of April12. Prepare 300 tile minical test at DESY, (100/100/100) May13. design of the prototype stack, April/May14. a detailed tile-plate assembly concept has to be defined, July15. Minical test at DESY, with final photodetector types, July-September16. building of stack steel absorber structure, in ITEP or Prague? >August17. casting/machining of ~3700 tiles up to September, (in factory ? or machining at DESY, or elsewhere?)18. assembly of the TFS in tile plates (detector cassettes), November19. TFS connection with photodet. and preamps, start November-December20. RO via CAMAC as long as British DAQ not available, end 200321. winter 2003/2004 operation studies with LED gain monitoring, and calibration studies with cosmic muons, with increasing number of calorimeter cells as assembled.
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1. Enough LY from TFS (~200 photons at photodetector)2. APD’s and SI-PMs are the photodetectors which do the task3. Preamplifiers with low noise are essential (MIP-noise separation,calibration)4. Minical test to establish calibration precision in summer5. Now design of prototype boards for APD and Si-PMs, DUBNA6. Photodetectors, large quantity to order in summer:
• 1000 APDs or • ~ 5000 Si-PMs or • both types in relevant quantities e.g. ~250/3500
7. Prototype stack (1m3) will be build in summer8. Assembly of PT-stack with TFS starts in Jan. 20049. Spring 2004 is used to set up and calibrate all channels with cosmics.
Outlook
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