E paper

Date:3/04/2015

Team: Golden Girlzz

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E-PAPER TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

❏ E-Paper is also called Electronic Paper or Electronic

ink Display.

❏ The first E-Paper was

developed in 1974’s

by “Nicholas K Sheridon”

at Xerox’s Palo Alto Research Centre.

❏ It is a display unit.

❏ E-Paper is flexible.

❏ A digital pen is also

used to create handwritten

document.

CONSTRUCTION OF E-PAPER

❏ It has two different parts.

➔ Front plane

➔ Back plane

❏ The front plane consist of E-ink.

❏ The back plane consist of electronic circuits.

❏ To form an E-ink electronic display the ink is printed

onto a plastic film that is laminated to a layer of circuitry.

Front plane

❏ The front plane consist of E-ink.

❏ E-ink is made up of millions of

tiny microcapsules.

❏ Microcapsules have diameter of

the order of 100 microns.

❏ Each microcapsule contains positively charged white

particles and negatively charged black particles

suspended in a clear fluid .

❏ When a positive or negative electric field is applied,

corresponding particles move to the top of the

microcapsule where they become visible to the viewer.

This makes the surface appear white or black at that

spot.

BACKPLANE LAYOUT

❏ The backplane controls each pixel or segment to formulate

the image on the E-paper.

❏ Provides appropriate voltages to control each pixel or

segment of the backplane.

TECHNOLOGIES PROPOSED SO

FAR

❏ Gyricon

❏ Electrophoretic display

❏ Electrowetting

GYRICON

❏ It was the first electronic paper and was developed in

1970’s.

❏ Consists of polyethylene spheres having diameter

between 75-106 micrometers.

❏ Each sphere is composed of negatively charged black

plastic on one side and positively charged white plastic

on the other

❏ These spheres are embedded in transparent silicone

made sheet, with each sphere suspended in a bubble

of oil so that they can rotate freely

❏ The polarity of the voltage applied to each pair of

electrodes then determines whether the white or black

side is face-up, thus giving the pixel a white or black

appearance.

ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAY

❏ 2 screen layers of width (10-100) µm

❏ Tiny capsules between layers

❏ There are millions of titania capsules between the two

layers

❏ Each capsule is about 5 microns wide.

How do the capsules work?

But how does this make letters

appear on the screen!?

● Thousands of electrodes under

the screen emit positive and

negative electrical charges.

● When a negative charge is emitted,

the negatively charged black

particles are repelled and are

pushed to the top of the capsule.

● When a positive charge is

emitted, the positively charged

white particles are repelled

and are pushed to the

top of the capsule.

● Thousands of electrodes and millions of microcapsules

work together to create letters and images on the eReader

screen.

USING COLOUR FILTERS

• It uses microcapsules technology to

produce colour display

• Every colour has some particular voltage

levels

ELECTRO-WETTING

❏ It is used to display coloured images.

❏ When a voltage is applied between the electrode and

the water, the tension between the water and the

coating changes. As a result the water is to move the oil

aside.

❏ This makes a partly transparent pixel, or, if a reflective

white surface is under the switchable element, a white

pixel. Because of the small pixel size, the user only

experiences the average reflection, which provides a

high-brightness, high-contrast switchable element.

❏ The switching between white and colored reflection is

fast enough to display video content.

❖ Features:

- Fast switching

- Low voltage

- Video support

ECO-Sign

ECO Sign modules are low power E-paper displays

devices that are wirelessly updated from a central point,

with a local router, then communicating with a number of

individually or group addressable units within range

The system consists of:

● an display with the ability to display images received

wirelessly

● A Router that can receive data via USB from a PC

● An application SW with pre-defined templates that uses

the data provided by the end user to update the display

E-Paper Kits

E-Paper Display kits were developed to enable easy

programming and updating of E-Paper displays from your

PC.

The kit includes:

● E-Paper display

● Timing controllerGenarates from a single supply voltage, all the required voltages

and

current profile for the display during updates.

● Picture GeneratorFor generating display data on a interface to the display, based on

data

received via USB.

● USB Cable

● PC application

COMPARISON OF E-PAPER & LCD

ADVANTAGES

❏ Paper-like readability

❏ Long Battery life

❏ Powerless image retain

❏ Thin and Light in weight

❏ Perfect for mobile displays

❏ Flexible

❏ Simple Manufacturing process

❏ Reusable technology

❏ Ease in information downloading

DISADVANTAGES

❏ Low refresh rate

Example: Zooming

❏ Ghosting

Solution: refresh several times

APPLICATIONS

➢ Digital ID Tags

➢Digital Price Boards

➢Books, NewsPapers and

Magazines

➢Status Display

➢Time Table at Stations and Price Labels in Supermarkets

➢Wristwatches

➢Mobile phones

➢Animated Textured Wall

➢Flexible Furniture

FUTURE SCENARIO

❏ It could change the way you receive daily news paper

❏ Textbooks could be digitized on E-Paper.

Within 5 years you will

see a paper of

magazine quality with

video

CONCLUSION

Researches found that in just few years this technology

can replace paper in many situations, leading us to think of

a truly paperless world.

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