Transcript
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DISASTER MANAGEMENT
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In 1990 WHO had given a call to all nation to
meet disasters.
Why?
1977 Orisa and Andra Pradesh cyclones
1984 Mic leak in Bhopal
1996 Earthquake in Gujarat
1999 Orisa and Andra Pradesh cyclone.
2001 Earthquake Gujarat
2004 T Sunami
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All these situations caused large disruption
to ecology.
The term disaster means calamity or
sudden or great misfortune.
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Definition
A disaster has been defined as any occurrence
that causes damage, ecological distruption, loss
of human life or deterioration of health and health
services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extra
ordinary response from outside the affected
community
WHO
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Disaster is the occurrence of a sudden or
major misfortune which disrupt the basic
fabric and normal functioning of a society
orcommunity
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Classification of Disaster
1. Natural Disorders
a. Natural phenomena Beneath Earthssurface
- Earthquake
- Volcanic Eruptions
b. Natural Phenomena at Earth surface
- Land slides
- A Valances
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c. Meteorological / hydrological phenomina
- Windstorms (cyclone, Typhoon,
Haricano)
- Tornadoes
- Hailstorms and snows trams
- Sea surges
- Flood- Droughts
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d. Biological phenomena
- Locust swarms
- Epidemics of diseases
- Disasters
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2. Man made Disasters
a. Caused by War/Terrorist
- Conventional War
- Nuclear, Biological, physical and
chemical
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b. Caused by accidents
- Plane, train, ship & car
- Drowning
- Collapse of building
- Explosions
- Fire
- Biological
- Chemicals including poisonning
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Health problems common to all
Disasters
i. Climatic exposures
ii. Food and nutrition
iii. Mental health
iv. Communicable diseases
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Health care management
All major disaster can be managed with
the assistance from the
- State level
- Central level
- Notational level- International level
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1. Identify the agencies which involved
in health care management are
Local health personnel
Community
Local authorities of group
Charities
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2. Planning for Disaster relief
Simple plan, understand by every one
Put into action immediately
Plan should be flexible
Clear and concise
Adaptable for all the time
Extension of normal Hospital and publichealth working
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Rehearsed before implanting
Follow according to the flex priority
Advance warning
Coordination with interdepartmental
Preparedness
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3. Disaster manual
Introduction
Distribution of responsibilities
Disaster containment
Chronological action plan
Checklist of personnel and items
Rehearsal and circulation
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Stages of Management
Warning stage
Stage of impact
Stage of rescue operations Stage of Health and medical relief
Rehabilitation
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Chronological Action plan
Initial alert
Active hospital Disaster plan
Formulation of commends- Role of Hospital superintendent
- Role of Senior Nursing Officer
- Role of the PRO
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Clinical principles of management of causalities
- admission of patient
- clinical services- triage
0 Critically illness
0 moderately illness
0 manner illness
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Administrative Responsibilities
1. Documentation
2. Police documentation
3. Communications4. Friends & relatives
5. Crowd control
6. Investment of voluntary workers
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7. Patients property
8. Priers & broad casting service
9. Ambulance service10.Emergency light
11.Disposal of Deaths
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Major public health threat after
Disaster1. Malaria
2. Dig.. Diseases
3. Cholera
4. Respiratory Infections5. Infective hepatitis
6. Typhoid
7. Measles
8. Snakebite9. Burns
10. Cuts
etc.,
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Prevention is better than cure
Vaccination
- Cholera- Typhoid
- Measles
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Health education
- Food safely
- Basic sanitation
- Safe water
- Personal hygiene
- Vector control
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Health Resources
Surveillance
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