Digital Divide in Russia Alexey Soldatov, RRC “Kurchatov Institute”
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Digital Divide in Russia
Alexey Soldatov,
RRC “Kurchatov Institute”
Overall
US-Russia
Traffic
Growth
Gigabytes
Per
Month
1999-091999-101999-111999-122000-012000-022000-032000-042000-052000-062000-072000-082000-092000-102000-112000-122001-012001-022001-032001-042001-052001-062001-072001-082001-092001-102001-112001-122002-012002-022002-032002-042002-052002-062002-072002-082002-092002-102002-112002-122003-012003-022003-032003-042003-052003-062003-072003-082003-092003-102003-112003-12
Russia to US0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Gig
ab
yte
s
Month
Direction
Russia to US US to Russia
Network
Growth
After
December
2001,
Moscow
19
99
-09
19
99
-10
19
99
-11
19
99
-12
20
00
-01
20
00
-02
20
00
-03
20
00
-04
20
00
-05
20
00
-06
20
00
-07
20
00
-08
20
00
-09
20
00
-10
20
00
-11
20
00
-12
20
01
-01
20
01
-02
20
01
-03
20
01
-04
20
01
-05
20
01
-06
20
01
-07
20
01
-08
20
01
-09
20
01
-10
20
01
-11
20
01
-12
20
02
-01
20
02
-02
20
02
-03
20
02
-04
20
02
-05
20
02
-06
20
02
-09
20
02
-10
20
02
-11
20
02
-12
20
03
-01
20
03
-02
20
03
-03
20
03
-04
20
03
-05
20
03
-06
20
03
-07
20
03
-08
20
03
-09
20
03
-10
20
03
-11
20
03
-12
20
04
-01
Moscow
-
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
Meg
ab
ytes T
ran
sfe
rred
Month
City
Moscow Use of NaukaNet Since 1999
Moscow
December 2001: Kurchatov Institute/RIPN becomes primary network operator and opens new 45 Mbps network to S&E users across Russia – including many new institutions in MoscowDecember 2001: Kurchatov Institute/RIPN becomes primary network operator and opens new 45 Mbps network to S&E users across Russia – including many new institutions in Moscow
Users
of
Advanced
Network
Services
Unique IP Addresses using NaukaNet
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
1999-091999-101999-111999-122000-012000-022000-032000-042000-052000-062000-072000-082000-092000-102000-112000-122001-012001-022001-032001-042001-052001-062001-072001-082001-092001-102001-122002-012002-022002-032002-042002-052002-092002-102002-112002-122003-012003-022003-032003-042003-052003-072003-082003-092003-102003-112003-12
Month
Nu
mb
er
of
IP A
dd
resses
Russia
USA
Europe
Asia
Note: Drop in European IPs in summer, 2003 due to network improvements in Europepermitting direct exchange of European-Russia traffic in Europe. Note: Drop in European IPs in summer, 2003 due to network improvements in Europepermitting direct exchange of European-Russia traffic in Europe.
High
Energy
Physics
Applications
Note: During some months, 40% of all traffic from Russia across the high speed network is from Russian High Energy Physics community. Note: During some months, 40% of all traffic from Russia across the high speed network is from Russian High Energy Physics community.
1999-091999-10
1999-111999-12
2000-012000-02
2000-032000-04
2000-052000-06
2000-072000-08
2000-092000-10
2000-112000-12
2001-012001-02
2001-032001-04
2001-052001-06
2001-072001-08
2001-092001-10
2001-122002-01
2002-022002-03
2002-042002-05
2002-062002-07
2002-082002-09
2002-102002-11
2002-122003-01
2003-022003-03
HEP MegabytesAll Russia Megabytes
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Megabytes
Month
HEP Source Traffic and Total Russia Source Traffic
• to develop computer communications in the interests of Research & Education (R&E);
• to coordinate IP networking in Russia;• to promote research studies in the field of computer
communications;• to support R&E organizations in getting access to the
Internet information resources via public networks.
Russian Institute for Public Network
Russian Institute for Public Networks (RIPN) has been founded by Russian Ministry of Science, Russian Ministry of Education and Russian Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute". The aims declared were the following:
RBNet general information
• About 50 points of presence around Russia• Backbone services for R&E networks: regional,
corporate, specialized …• Two-level architecture• Protocols supported:
- IP- Frame relay- ATM- IP MPLS
• VPN services• Support of regional Internet Exchanges
Universities
Research Centre
Supercomputer
R&D Networks:-Regional-Corporative-Specialized...
End Users:-Universities-Research Centers-Supercomputer Centers...
Universities
Research Centre
SupercomputerUniversities
Research Centre
Supercomputer
RBNet
General Scheme of R&D networking in Russia
RBNet links
(General scheme)
RBNet links (European part and Ural)
RBNet links(Siberia and Far East)
RBNet-2 links(Plan for 2004 year)
Moscow RBNet PoP
• Distributed architecture (3 PoPs)
• Transport system: Gigabit Ethernet and ATM
(155/622Mbps)
• Fiber optic network (about 200 km)
• 24*7 support by RIPN
• NOC location: Kurchatov Institute
Plan of development – 2004
• International links:– 622 Mbps Moscow-Stockholm (RBNet POP)
– 2x155 Mbps Stockholm-Chicago
(connection to Star TAP/ StarLight via FASTNet)
– 2x155 Mbps, connection to GEANT in Stockholm
• Domestic– 155 Mbps Novosibirsk-Moscow
– 90 Mbps Ekaterinburg-Moscow
– 45 Mbps Khabarovsk-Novosibirsk
– 45 Mbps Kazan-N.Novgorod-Moscow
StockholmRBNet POP
Cisco12000
Moscow
SPB
Cisco12000
Cisco7507
NMBBSMBB
MSU/RAS
SCCSPB-IX
R&D
SCCR&D
MSK-IX
nxE1
E3/T3
E3/T3
STM1
FEInternational
Backup
StarTAP/StarLightChicago
Cisco7507
Cisco7206
Cisco75077206
RBNet/FASTnetplan of development - 2003.
RegionalConnectivity
InternationalBackup
Cisco7507
IPv6
Multicast
R&Dpeering
TELIA
GEANT
Cisco75077206
Interconnection of Russian R&D Networks
RBNet
RegionalR&D Networks
RegionalR&D Networks
RegionalR&D Networks
RUNnet
FREEnet
MSUnet
JINR
RASnet
RUHEP
RSSI
MSK-IX
RELARN-IP
Note 10 Gbps
Connections to Poland,
Czech Republic, Hungary
Pan-European Multi-Gigabit Backbone (33 Countries)
January 2004
Planning Underway for “GEANT2” (GN2) Multi-Lambda Backbone, to Start In 2005
RUNNET
TRANSTELECOM
Moscow city map. Location of HEP centers are indicated, as well location of M9-Internet-Exchange Point M9-IX
GLOBAL RING NETWORK FOR ADVANCED APPLICATIONS
DEVELOPMENTRussia-China-USA Science & Education Network
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