Development of Supply Chain for Fruit and Vegetable Industry Dr. D. N. Kulkarni President – Agri Food Jain Irrigation dr.kulkarni.dilip@jains.com.
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Development of Supply Chain for Fruit and Vegetable
Industry
Dr. D. N. Kulkarni
President – Agri Food
Jain Irrigationdr.kulkarni.dilip@jains.com
An overview of Indian Agriculture(Production side)
Comparative advantages:
Diverse agro-climatic zones across the country,
Round the year sunshine
Potential to cultivate a vast range of agricultural products
Second largest arable land in the world
Potential for Large marketable surpluses and abundant raw material for
processing
Vast pool of skilled manpower in research and extension
These advantages being leveraged, for India to be a leading food supplier to
the world.
Area and production of Agricultural products(Production in million tonnes)
India India’s Rank in World
Arable Land (Million ha) 151 2
Irrigated Land (Million ha) 55 1
Wheat 72 2
Rice, Paddy 124 2
Coarse grains (including maize) 29 3
Milk 91 1
Fruits 47 2
Vegetables 82 2
Edible Oilseeds 25 3
Pulses 15 1
Sugarcane 245 2
Tea 0.85 1
Cattle (million) 186 2Source: Rabobank International
India is the front ranking producer of many perishable commodities
India produces » 41% of world’s mango,» 23% of Banana, » 24 % of cashew nut, » 10% of onion, » 30% of cauliflower,» 36% of Green Peas.
China : $195 bn; USA : $150 bn; India - $105 bn.
India has •53% of world’s buffalo and• 17% of goat
And a 8000 km of coastline
Present Scenario in Value Chain
Cost Build Up For One Kg. Basket Of Fruit
FARMER TRADER WHOLESALER
RETAILER
CONSUMER PRICE
3.34.1
1.72.5 11.6
Retail Markups
FARM GATE PRICES MILK FISH FRUITS &VEGETABLES
350220
160100
Domestic Market Scenario…... Production may be insufficient if domestic
markets all over the country targeted efficiently & effectively.
Market prices are satisfactory
Mango, Grapes, Apples, Pineapples, Pomegranates, Litchis can be sold out in the country itself because of the production in limited orchards & demand in whole country.
Markets in the rural & semi urban(around 60-65%) should also be tapped along with Metros or big cities(around 12-15%)
International Markets : Trends Steady increase in global production of fresh
produce. Balance of power shifting to retail chains from
suppliers Food safety standards are higher & more complex
requirements. Demanding regulations Increasing intensity of technology Consumption is convenience-driven. i.e. Value
added products. Increasing health concerns reflected in food
consummations. - Organic, functional, herbal.
Scenario of export of major fruits in India
Mango : Over 54% of the world mangoes are produced in India. Less than 10% of total production are approximately exported. It shows export prospectus for Mangoes is very high. Markets to be focused for Mango export:
UAE, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, EU,
. New Markets- Japan, USA, China
Export of Mango from India
38.5144.88
73.679.14
71.55 68.6180.99
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02Year
Val
ue
in R
s. c
rore
Scenario of export of major fruits in India
Grapes : India produces approx. 1 million tons of fresh grapes
annually, out of which export of grapes is about 14000
tons per year, which accounts for only 1.4% of the total production.
Grapes import accounts for approx. 1800 million US $ of
which the Indian share is only about 1.5%.
Major Markets to be focused for Grapes export:–UK, UAE, Netherlands, Germany, Saudi-Arabia, Oman etc..
Export of Grapes from India
54.75 52.6566
37.8955.54
82.98
60.21
020406080
100
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
Year
Valu
e (
Rs. in
Cro
res)
Scenario of export of major fruits in India
Banana : First in production of Banana in the world. (Around 22% of world’s total output). However, the export from India is negligible.
Reasons: – Non availability of on-farm packing house, precooling
and cold storage facilities.– Improper pre-harvest practices.– Improper post harvest handling.
Major Markets to be tapped for Banana export:
UAE, Saudi-Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain etc.
Scenario of export of major fruits in India
Pomegranate : Europe, UAE, Saudi-Arabia, Kuwait, Oman
Apples : Bangladesh, Belgium,Singapore, Srilanka, UK, Malaysia etc. Citrus Fruits: (Oranges, Mandarins, Lemons, Limes etc.)
Bangladesh, UAE, Oman etc. Pineapples: UAE,Saudi Arabia, UK etc.
Other fruits for export: Papaya, Sapota, Strawberries,Litchis etc.
AEZs in Maharashtra1) Alphonso Mango
2) Kesar Mango
3) Pomegranate
4) Onion
5) Mandarin
6) Banana
7) Grapes & Grape Wine
8) Floriculture
Traditional Vs Innovative
Traditional mango Transportation methods are not ideally suited to
effective food hygiene
Innovative mango Transport methods
Traditional Vs Innovative
Traditional mango packing methods are not ideally suited to effective food
hygiene
Innovative mango packing methods
Supply to Retail Supermarkets which are coming up with high
pace
Where are lacunae ? Fragmented land holding Very poor backward and forward
linkages Poor infrastructure Lack of post harvest Technology Poor logistics Supply Chain Management missing
Supply Chain Management End use based production Contract cultivation Captive cultivation Cluster approach in cultivation Supply just in time-production logistics Quality production Post harvest technology application Scientific storage
End use based production
Local market for table purpose Long distance market within country As raw material for processing and for
definite product manufacture Produce what market / consumer wants
Competitiveness
Key issues in supply chain………. Global and local competitiveness Quality competitiveness Cost competitiveness
Quality Competitiveness Variety Controlling quality during growth Harvesting and Maturity standards Post harvest handling Post harvest treatments Packaging and storage Safety and Hygiene Traceability
Quality production Variety Season Horticultural practices Integrated water, nutrient, pest and disease,
weed management Training/prunning Growth regulators Organic cultivation Harvesting methods/maturity standards
Cost competitiveness
Cost of production Productivity By-product and waste utilization Off season production Marketing logistics Value addition Presentation in market
Supply Just in Time – logistics
Determine what buyer wants?- Variety, Quality, Stage of maturity
Determine when he wants?- Frequency Determine how much he wants?- Quantity,
Lot size, Duration Determine how he wants?- Grading,
Packaging, Transport mechanisms Determine where he wants?- at farm, Port
Service providers Aggregators Logistic support Cold chain Warehousing Port handling Credit facilitators IT related services
THANK YOU
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