Development of Decision Support Systems Framework
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A Framework for theA Framework for the
Development of Decision SupportDevelopment of Decision SupportSystemsSystems
Prof. Rushen ChahalProf. Rushen Chahal
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AgendaAgenda
MotivationMotivation
SummarySummary
ContributionContribution Course IntegrationCourse Integration
Article CritiqueArticle Critique
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MotivationMotivation
Emergence of Decision Support Systems
(DSS).
Different perceptions of DSS:
next evolution of IT?
already existing subset of MIS?
old system, new name?
new vendor buzzword to generate sales?
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SummarySummary
Three Information Technology Thrusts.
EDP (Electronic Data Processing) Data focus.
MIS (Management Information Systems)
Information Focus.
DSS (Decision Support Systems)
Decision Focus.
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Summary (cont.)Summary (cont.)
DSS
Generator
Technical Supporter
Manager (User)
Intermediary
DSS Builder
Toolsmith
Specific DSS
DSS Tools
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Summary (cont.)Summary (cont.)
Development Approach.
Iterative Design.
Quick development, rapid feedback.
Management as designers.
Adaptive System.
Short time horizon (Specific DSS). Intermediate time horizon (DSS Generator).
Long time horizon (DSS Tools).
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Summary (cont.)Summary (cont.)
The Manager / User (Specific DSS). Support for semi-structured and unstructured decisions.
Support for all managerial levels and integration between levels. Support for independent, sequential interdependent, and pooled
interdependent decisions.
Support for all phases of the decision making process including
intelligence, design, and choice.
Support a variety of decision making processes, but not bedependent on any one.
Should be easy to use.
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Summary (cont.)Summary (cont.)
The Builder (DSS Generator).
Data Subsystem.
Model Subsystem.
User Interface.
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Summary (cont.)Summary (cont.)
Toolsmith (DSS Tools).
Dialogue Management.
Data management.
Model management.
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ContributionContribution
Development Framework.
Identifies and establishes relationships between EDP,
MIS, and DSS. Identifies three levels of DSS technology.
Establishes design approach.
Establishes performance objectives based on
decision type. Identifies technical capabilities that development
efforts should focus on.
Identifies obstacles and future issues.
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Course IntegrationCourse Integration
Gorry & Morton (1989)
DSS helps solve semi-structured or unstructured
problems
DSS supports decision-making at three levels Strategic planning
Management control
Operational control
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Gorry & Morton (1989)
Differences in DSS design Database
Models
Differences in DSS development
User involvement
System analyst skills
Differences in organizational structure
Course Integration (cont.)Course Integration (cont.)
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Benbasat & Taylor ( 1982)
Overcome cognitive limits/complexity
Adaptive to Different cognitive styles
Course Integration (cont.)Course Integration (cont.)
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Goodwin, N. C. (1987); Nielsen, J. (1992)
Functionality & Usability Involve managers early and extensively
Flexibility & usability in user interface
Action language
Display language Knowledge base
Course Integration (cont.)Course Integration (cont.)
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Course Integration (cont.)Course Integration (cont.)
Daft & Lengel (1986)
Reduce data uncertainty
Reduce data equivocality
support interdependent decisions
Support integration & coordination
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Course Integration (cont.)Course Integration (cont.)
Fjermestad, J. (2003, class lectures)
Blurred boundary between MIS / DSS
Emphasis on group decision-making
DSS becomes hybrid
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Critique/Analysis
Team is supportive of the article
Article outdated
Sprague vs. Zwass
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Critique/Analysis
Sprague:
DSS is an advancement beyond MIS.Ayati:
DSS is a subset of MIS.
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Critique/Analysis
DSS should be flexible and adaptable
Need for consistency (Sankar, Ford, Bauer 1995)
Between and within systems Within the application
How does consistency affect flexibility and
adaptability?
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Critique/Analysis
Solving the problem of consistency and
adaptability.
Adaptive
TerminologyModule
Consistent
TerminologyModule
A/C
InterfaceModule
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Conclusion
Evolution of DSS (Shim, Warkentin, Courtney,Power, Sharda and Carlsson 2002)
Driven by:
User
Organization
Environment
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Conclusion
Future of DSS
Web-Based DSS
Can reach larger # of users
No geographic limitations
Supports virtual teams
Ubiquitous Computing
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Conclusion
DSS will support users by assisting them
in making more informed, collaborativedecisions that will achieve the the
organizations goals more effectively.
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Questions? Comments?
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