descriptive action

Descriptive Researchand

Action Research

By

1. Andreas Setyo ( 10420231 )2. Tri Arianto (10420269 )3. Tika Pungkasari (10420257)4. Nur Rofiah Sophia (10420264)5. Hardiani Vicky (10420277 )

Descriptive Research

Descriptive Research as the description and interpretation of what is (Best 1977;116)

The term descriptive research refers to the type of research question, design, and data analysis that will be applied to a given topic.

It is concerned with conditions or relationships that exist , opinions that are held, processes that are going on, effect that are evident, or trends that are developing.

The basic steps of Descriptive Research

An ordery scentific and desciplined research process, involving :

1. Recognizing and Identifying a topic to be studied.

2. Selecting an appropriate to be studied

3. Collecting valid and reliable data

4. Reporting conclusion

Descriptive Research : The Ex Post Facto Method

Descriptive research seek to find the answer to questions throught the analysis of variable relationship.

Figure below show result of 28.780 trrafict accident in Sweden. In these accidents 98 percent of the cars were equipped with lap and shoulder belts. But only 25 per cent of the drivers and 30 per cent of the front seat passenfer were using the belt. This is what happened :

killed severely injuried slightly injuried

Drivers :Among 6.870 using belts 2 51 175Among 21.910 not using belts 37 263 835Front seat passengersAmong 2.699 using belts 1 22 109Among 6.032 not using belts 12 160 439

Somekh (1995) as quoted by Cohen,

Manion and Morrison (2007 : 298 ) :

Action research is designed to bridge

the gap between research and

practice, thereby striving to overcome

the perceived persistent failure of

research to impact, improve, practice.

Action research is a form of research in which practitioners reflect systematically on their practice, implementing informed action to bring about improvement in practice

Benefits of Action Research

• Focus on school issue, problem, or area of collective interest

• Form of teacher professional development

• Potential to impact school change• Reflect on own practice• Improved communications

According to Nunan, he explained process research cycle like that :

1. Initation2. Preliminary investigation3. Hypothesis4. Intervention5. Evaluation6. Disemination7. Follow –up

Characteristic Action Research

1. Situational,2. Contextual,3. Collaborative and participative between

teachers,4. Self-educational nature,

Steps in Action Research

1. Planning Identify a problem or issue and develop a plan of action.

2. Action Researcher is doing the action based on what has been panned.

3. ObservingDocumenting the effects of critically informed action

4. ReflectingReflection seeks to make sense of process, problems, issues and constraints made manifest in strategic action.

Example• Problem : Nilai ulangan bahasa Inggris siswa kelas VII A di bawah KKM. ( Narrative)

• Planning : a. Identify : * Siswa kesulitan memahami bahasa yang digunakan dalam teks

* Cara mengajar guru kurang menarik dan tidak komunikatif

b. Plan for action : * Meminta siswa untuk menghafalkan 5 V2 dan 5 irregular verb ( setiap pertemuan )

* Merubah cara mengajar dengan menggunakan media ( gambar, video,…) dan menciptakan suasana yang lebih komunikatif.

• Action : Peneliti melakukan tindakan sesuai dengan yang telah direncanakan.

• Observing : * Siswa menajadi lebih mudah memahami bahasa yang digunakan dalam sebuah teks narrative

* Siswa menjadi lebih tertarik mengikuti pelajaran Siswa menjadi lebih mudah memahami materi Suasana kelas menjadi lebih komunikatif

• Reflection :* Menyusun kesimpulan penjalasan dan pemaknaan, sintesis.

* Mengkaji apa yang telah dihasilkan dari tindakan tersebut.

* Pengkajian terhadap keberhasilan atau kegagalan yang telah ditetapkan pada awal.

THANK YOU